2016-04-24

2016-04-24

April 23, 2016

###

N.J. superintendent killed while jogging was struck by student late for trip

K. Shea, April 19, “…The Robbinsville High School student who was driving the car that struck and killed the district’s superintendent Tuesday morning

                                  was late for a school trip when
                                  the crash occurred, according to
                                  two sources involved in the
                                  investigation...." [Read more](http://www.nj.com/mercer/index.ssf/2016/04/student_who_struck_superintendent_was_late_for_cla.html) Hmmm...Most

                                    tragic in so many dimensions!!!
                                    HOWEVER, it was NOT the student
                                    that STRUCK the Superintendent,
                                    it was the CAR.  AND the CAR
                                    needs to start being held
                                    responsible for ALLOWING such
                                    tragedies to ruin so many
                                    lives.  It is very likely that
                                    this tragedy could have been
                                    averted had the car been
                                    equipped with an automated
                                    collision avoidance system
                                    and/or lane-keeping system.
                                    Given the availability of these
                                    "tragedy avoidance systems", we
                                    should all be asking why this
                                    CAR wasn't equipped with such a
                                    system and why all cars aren't
                                    so equipped.  Certainly innocent
                                    runners and dogs need to be
                                    asking such questions.  So too,
                                    that young lady's car insurance
                                    company; it must be muttering:
                                    "shouda bought her that
                                    upgrade".  What about the car
                                    companies themselves who are
                                    largely just sitting on the
                                    technology or the dealerships
                                    that don't feel compelled to
                                    espouse the benefits of such
                                    technology while pushing more
                                    "horsepower" and "Corinthian
                                    Leather" (and worse yet:
                                    "AooleCarXYZ" that distracts
                                    drivers).  We all know that
                                    Washington is broken.  Them
                                    staying out of the way is
                                    probably best (although
                                    aggressively applying better
                                    human-visible paint/laneMarkings
                                    and human-readable signs would
                                    go a long way to helping both
                                    attentive drivers and automated
                                    lane-keeping systems).  Everyone
                                    else has  fundamental
                                    self-interest at stake and each
                                    needs to stop pointing the
                                    finger to the frail human
                                    driver.  We have the technology
                                    and the the self-interest to
                                    make mobility substantially
                                    safer.  Let's really get on with
                                    it.  It's time!   Alain

Make American Transportation Great Again: Autonomous Taxi Fleet Management Strategies

                              S. Zhu, Thesis, "...Using a fleet of
                              vehicles of varied sizes and a data
                              set of synthesized travel demand for
                              the state of New Jersey, this thesis
                              analyzes the benefits of ridesharing
                              for New Jersey and explores various
                              fleet management strategies and the
                              costs associated with these
                              strategies. Ridesharing is able to
                              increase average vehicle occupancy
                              from 1 to 1.74 and reduces total
                              vehicle miles traveled by 43%. Even in
                              an upper bound case, the total number
                              of vehicles needed to serve all of New
                              Jersey's travel demand is less than
                              50% of the number of vehicles
                              currently on the road today in New
                              Jersey, which would have significant
                              benefits in terms of congestion and
                              pollution...."  [Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/Zhu,Shirley_Final_Thesis2016.pdf)  Hmmm..Very

                                  interesting.  Alain

Quantifying the Potential for Dynamic Ride-Sharing of New York City’s Taxicabs

                              S. Baht, Thesis,"...This study
                              confirms the existing potential for
                              ride-sharing in the New York City
                              Area, with ride-sharing simulations
                              exhibiting a significantly higher
                              average vehicle occupancy and
                              requiring a lower fleet size than
                              "direct" or non-ride-sharing
                              schemes..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/Bhat,Suraj_Final_Thesis2016.pdf) Hmmm..Very
                                  interesting.  Alain

A Ridesharing Analysis with a Hitchhiking Modification Applied to Taxi Trips in New York

                              A. Schindele, Thesis, "...This thesis
                              supplements the analysis with the
                              addition of a "hitchhiking" policy.
                              With such a policy in place, a taxi
                              would, in addition to the original
                              ridesharing mechanics, pick up
                              passengers en route to its destination
                              or destinations...."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/Bhat,Suraj_Final_Thesis2016.pdf) Hmmm..Very

                                  interesting.  Alain

Autonomous taxis: Why you may never own a self-driving car

D. Cardinal, April 18, “As the once unimaginable self-driving car moves closer to becoming a reality, the next question is “When can I buy one?” At the same time, some researchers, like Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser, and the University of Texas’s Kara Kockelman, have started to wonder whether you’ll ever need to. …” Read more Hmmm..Very

                                    nice summary.  Also read [comments](http://www.extremetech.com/extreme/176672-autonomous-taxis-why-you-may-never-own-a-self-driving-car)
                                    ( I like Koll-Aid).  Alain

Nvidia goes all-in on self-driving cars, including a robotic car racing league

D. Cardinal, April 6, “…Jealous? You too can build a (small) self-driving car!…Startup JetsonHacks has taken MIT’s RACECAR autonomous car learning platform and made it accessible to the DIY community with detailed assembly instructions, and cost-saving hardware options to make it more affordable than the University’s original version. The RACECAR is a massive kit bash of an offf-the-shelf RC vehicle — a Traxxas Rally — so that all the DIY fun is concentrated on the control and programming. The brain is (naturally) a Jetson TK1, running Robot OS (ROS)…” Read more Hmmm…Interesting.

                                  Alain

‘Door to Door,’ by Edward Humes

Book review, M. Roach, “DOOR TO DOOR: The Magnificent, Maddening, Mysterious World of Transportation By Edward Humes, 372 pp. Harper/HarperCollins Publishers. $27.99….In the 1920s, drivers plowed into oncoming traffic and bicyclists and trees just as they do now, but no one talked about ­automobile accidents. Back then, notes Edward Humes… these events were known as “motor killings.” And citizens were outraged. They rioted and demanded reforms. They staged “massive parades” in protest. It was the kind of civil unrest that would come to be associated with social injustice and the Vietnam War…. Read more Hmmm…I/we should read the book. Sounds very timely. Alain

Self-driving vehicle tests won’t need permission to use public roads, say NPA guidelines

National, April 2016, “Japan will not impose time and place restrictions on autonomous driving tests on public roads, according to draft guidelines released by the National Police Agency last week.

                                Those hoping to experiment using
                                self-driving cars will be allowed to
                                do so without obtaining permission
                                to use public roads as long as they
                                comply with rules such as having a
                                driver and passenger in the
                                car...The NPA will finalize the
                                guidelines after seeking public
                                feedback until May 7."  [Read more](http://www.japantimes.co.jp/news/2016/04/11/national/self-driving-vehicle-tests-wont-need-permission-to-use-public-roads-say-npa-guidelines/#.Vx05QTArJD5) Hmmm...Encouraging.

                                  Alain

DT and 5G Lab Germany Collaborate on Technology to Enable Network-Connected Autonomous Vehicles

                              Press release, Feb 24, "..IDT's
                              RapidIO technology will be used to
                              explore two key elements of the
                              network. First, the 100ns latency
                              RapidIO switching and interconnect
                              technology will be used to realize 5G
                              Lab Germany's vision of transforming
                              the vehicle into a connected appliance
                              by networking it with a 5G base
                              station's "edge computing" server.
                              Second, it is planned for RapidIO
                              technology to be evaluated to connect
                              multiple vehicle sensors in real time
                              for the mission-critical sensor fusion
                              network essential for the self-driving
                              or computer-assisted driving
                              experience. A RapidIO-connected
                              heterogeneous computer network will
                              run real-time analytics to assist
                              various network devices, including
                              vehicles.."  [Read more](http://www.idt.com/about/press-room/idt-and-5g-lab-germany-collaborate-technology-enable-network-connected-autonomous-vehicles)  Hmmm...

                                  Encouraging. Alain

Singapore to welcome its first fleet of driverless pods this year

                              E. Loi, April 21, "...SMRT is teaming
                              with Dutch automated-vehicle makers
                              2getthere to bring its systems to
                              Singapore..." [Read more](http://www.stuff.tv/sg/news/singapore-welcome-its-first-fleet-driverless-pods-year) Hmmm...

                                  Nice seeing 2Getthere making
                                  progress beyond [Masdar](http://www.2getthere.eu/category/masdar/).
                                Alain

Self-Driving Car Completes 1,200-Mile Roadtrip Across China

                               April 17, "Chongqing Changan
                              Automobile Co., Ford Motor Co.'s
                              partner in China, said it completed a
                              1,200-mile road trip to test a [self-driving car](http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-03-23/china-s-changan-auto-to-send-driverless-car-on-1-200-mile-test) as part of its ambitions to
                              produce highly automated vehicles by
                              2020.

                              The car set off from the company's
                              headquarters in Chongqing and reached
                              Beijing after six days, the automaker
                              said in a statement to the Shenzhen
                              stock exchange. The driverless car
                              employed cameras and radar to test
                              automatic cruising, lane-keeping and
                              changing, assisted driving during
                              traffic congestion, and speed
                              reduction through traffic sign
                              recognition and voice control,
                              according to the company...."  [Read more](http://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2016-04-18/china-s-changan-auto-completes-1-200-mile-autonomous-drive-test) Hmmm...Sounds

                                  like a good test.  Hopefully
                                  they'll publish the
                                  results/findings. Alain

Some other

                                  thoughts that deserve your
                                  attention

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

Recompiled

                                      Old News & Smiles:

Half-baked stuff

                                    that probably doesn't deserve
                                    your time:

Driving to Safety:  How Many Miles of Driving Would It Take to Demonstrate Autonomous Vehicle Reliability?

                                N. Kalra and S. Paddock. April 2016,
                                "How safe are autonomous vehicles?
                                The answer is crucial for developing
                                sound policies to govern their
                                deployment. One proposal to assess
                                safety is to test-drive autonomous
                                vehicles in real traffic, observe
                                their performance, and make
                                statistical comparisons to human
                                driver performance. This approach is
                                logical, but is it practical?...   [Read more](http://www.rand.org/pubs/research_reports/RR1478.html)  Hmmm...[Worth reading the whole report.](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/RAND_TestingAV_HowManyMiles.pdf)
                                    (So maybe it is slightly better
                                    than Half-baked). It lays out
                                    what everyone already knows. The
                                    4 questions that it asks are
                                    appropriate ONLY if one realizes
                                    that the safety implications of
                                    a driven-mile vary enormously
                                    over many dimensions!  The
                                    safety implications of "a
                                    mile-driven" here under these
                                    circumstances is not necessarily
                                    anywhere close to the same as "a
                                    mile driven" under different
                                    circumstances.  Everyone knows
                                    that.  Luckily, "policy-oriented
                                    deployment" is not what is going
                                    to lead to development and
                                    market adoption of this
                                    technology.  It will be the
                                    realization that one only need
                                    this technology to work during
                                    the miles when drivers are
                                    inattentive which is obvious to
                                    even the most casual policy
                                    maker.  C'mon Rand!
                                    Alain

U-M, Toyota announce plan to equip 5,000 Ann Arbor cars for connected vehicle research

M. Durr, April 13, “The partnership aims to help the newly launched Ann Arbor Connected Vehicle Test Environment (AACVTE) deploy 5,000 vehicles in the area that are equipped with a vehicle awareness device that will transmit speed and positioning data to other vehicles that are equipped with the same device as well as the surrounding environment where research equipment will be located on the roadside and at intersections…Plans are to add 1,500 vehicles a year to the program.”Read more Hmmm… While 1,500 vehicles a year is substantial for V2I, it doesn’t begin to scratch the surface for V2V.  Will all these cars also have Automated Collision Avoidance and Lane Keeping?  It would be nice to see V2I get beyond the “back-seat driver” mode. Alain

L. Kolodny, Apr 13, “The latest company to attract a round of funding for driverless car technology is Palo Alto-based NAUTO, co-founded in 2015 by CEO Stefan Heck and CTO Frederick Soo.

                                  Andy Rubin's hardware focused
                                  venture fund, Playground Global,
                                  led the $12 million investment in
                                  Nauto, joined by Draper Nexus.
                                  Heck explained, "Our systems today
                                  help humans drive better, safer,
                                  smarter and faster in terms of
                                  avoiding congestion and traffic.
                                  They retrofit into existing cars,
                                  and eventually will enable true
                                  autonomy in new or older
                                  vehicles."...Nauto also
                                  automatically understands when a
                                  collision is about to happen, and
                                  records the scene inside and
                                  outside of the car then.

                                  Images and data about the incident
                                  are stored in the cloud, and can
                                  be shared with a fleet manager or
                                  driver via Nauto's mobile app,
                                  which proves handy for resolving
                                  questions of liability [Read more](http://www.idt.com/about/press-room/idt-and-5g-lab-germany-collaborate-technology-enable-network-connected-autonomous-vehicles)  Hmmm...

                                      Driverless, really???
                                      Sounds like a dashCam warning
                                      a driver.  Hmmmm??Alain

Hyundai Motor Group Announces Roadmap for Connected Car Development

Press release, April 5, “…Along with the roadmap, Hyundai Motor Group plans to embark on a new era of connecting the ‘Car to Life’, as cars are increasingly at the center of our lifestyles…Autonomous driving provides utmost safety by connecting a vehicle to city and road infrastructure…” Read more Hmmm…

                                      Excuse me, but "connecting a
                                      Hyundai to city and road
                                      infrastructure" does NOT
                                      provide "utmost safety".
                                      Something must have been lost
                                      in translation.  Alain

The Far-Out Near Future of Cars

J. Will, Apr 2016, “…t will likely be a decade or more before armies of legislators untangle the legal issues such vehicles raise. In the meantime, you can drive a car off the lot today — or soon, anyway — packed with features that sound like they were cooked up by a nerdy screenwriter: cars that can see around corners, smart windshields that highlight a stray pedestrian, and cars that know how you’re feeling. Here’s the stuff you should be excited about now.”Read more Hmmm… Way too much testosterone when one’s just trying to get someplace.  :-(  Alain

###

C’mon Man! (These folks didn’t get/read

                                  the memo)

Calendar

                                          of Upcoming Events:

http://www.autonomoustrucksevent.com/agenda-mc

Workshop on Automated Vehicle Policy and Regulation:

A State Perspective

The National Transportation Center, University of Maryland

                                    May 18, 2016

Preliminary Program

Recent

                                                      Highlights of:

#

###

Automated Vehicle Operational Guidance Public Meeting

                                                      April 8,"At
                                                      this meeting,
                                                      NHTSA sought
                                                      input on
                                                      planned
                                                      operational
                                                      guidelines for
                                                      the safe
                                                      deployment of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles (AV).
                                                      Of high
                                                      importance to
                                                      the agency is
                                                      information on
                                                      the roadway
                                                      scenarios and
                                                      operational
                                                      environments
                                                      that highly
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles will
                                                      need to
                                                      address, and
                                                      the associated
                                                      design and
                                                      evaluation
                                                      processes and
                                                      methods needed
                                                      to ensure that
                                                      AV systems are
                                                      able to detect
                                                      and
                                                      appropriately
                                                      react to these
                                                      scenarios"  [Read more](http://www.nhtsa.gov/About+NHTSA/Press+Releases/nhtsa-meetings-automated-vehicles-03112016)  Hmmm...[Watch testimony](https://youtu.be/J_RvYZR_HLA)
                                                      , especially:
                                                      [testimony of Dr. Jerome Lutin](https://youtu.be/J_RvYZR_HLA?t=17014).   Alain

Hearing focus of SF 2569 Autonomous vehicles task force establishment and demonstration project for people with disabilities

                                                      March 23 Hmmm... [Watch the video of the Committee Meeting](http://mnsenate.granicus.com/MediaPlayer.php?view_id=1&clip_id=235).

                                                      The testimony
                                                      is Excellent
                                                      and very
                                                      compelling!
                                                      Also see [Self-Driving Minnesota](http://www.selfdrivingmn.org/)
                                                      Alain

Uber seeking to buy self-driving cars: source

                                                      Reuters, Mar
                                                      19,
                                                      "Ride-hailing
                                                      service Uber
                                                      [UBER.UL] has
                                                      sounded out
                                                      car companies
                                                      about placing
                                                      a large order
                                                      for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars, an auto
                                                      industry
                                                      source said on
                                                      Friday.  "They
                                                      wanted
                                                      autonomous
                                                      cars," the
                                                      source, who
                                                      declined to be
                                                      named, said.
                                                      "It seemed
                                                      like they were
                                                      shopping
                                                      around."
                                                      Loss-making
                                                      Uber would
                                                      make drastic
                                                      savings on its
                                                      biggest cost
                                                      -- drivers --
                                                      if it were
                                                      able to
                                                      incorporate
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars into its
                                                      fleet....Earlier

                                                      on Friday,
                                                      Germany's
                                                      Manager
                                                      Magazin
                                                      reported that
                                                      Uber had
                                                      placed an
                                                      order for at
                                                      least 100,000
                                                      Mercedes
                                                      S-Class cars,
                                                      citing sources
                                                      at both
                                                      companies....

                                                      The top-flight
                                                      limousine,
                                                      around 100,000
                                                      of which
                                                      Mercedes-Benz
                                                      sold last
                                                      year, does not
                                                      yet have fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      driving
                                                      functionality.."
                                                      [Read more](http://www.reuters.com/article/us-daimler-uber-idUSKCN0WK1C8)  Hmmmm...Uber has the current valuation to place the
                                                      order;
                                                      however, they
                                                      aren't the
                                                      only ones that
                                                      will want to
                                                      place an
                                                      advance order
                                                      for such a
                                                      fleet.  Lyft
                                                      will want to,
                                                      Enterprise-Rent

                                                      -A-Car
                                                      (remember,
                                                      they "pick you
                                                      up" (while
                                                      incurring an
                                                      enormous labor
                                                      expense) and
                                                      all of the
                                                      AlainkAutonomousTaxi
                                                      companies that
                                                      see the
                                                      economic
                                                      opportunity of
                                                      providing
                                                      on-demand
                                                      mobility
                                                      without
                                                      incurring
                                                      labor cost.
                                                      It will be
                                                      interesting to
                                                      watch the
                                                      bidding war
                                                      for these
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles.
                                                      All of this
                                                      will be going
                                                      on while
                                                      Alphabet
                                                      gobbles up the
                                                      market with
                                                      its own
                                                      vehicle that
                                                      it keeps for
                                                      itself.
                                                      Advertisers
                                                      are already in
                                                      the back seat
                                                      of
                                                      conventional
                                                      cabs.  While
                                                      that revenue
                                                      isn't enough
                                                      to pay for the
                                                      driver, it is
                                                      likely to
                                                      substantially
                                                      offset aTaxi's
                                                      operating and
                                                      capitalization
                                                      costs. What's
                                                      Alphabet's
                                                      other
                                                      business??
                                                      :-)  Alain

U.S. DOT and IIHS announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

                                                      Press Release,
                                                      Mar 17, NHTSA
                                                      & IIHS
                                                      "announced
                                                      today a
                                                      historic
                                                      commitment by
                                                      20 automakers
                                                      representing
                                                      more than 99
                                                      percent of the
                                                      U.S. auto
                                                      market to make
                                                      automatic
                                                      emergency
                                                      braking a
                                                      standard
                                                      feature on
                                                      virtually all
                                                      new cars no
                                                      later than
                                                      NHTSA's 2022
                                                      reporting
                                                      year, which
                                                      begins Sept 1,
                                                      2022.
                                                      Automakers
                                                      making the
                                                      commitment are
                                                      Audi, BMW, FCA
                                                      US LLC, Ford,
                                                      General
                                                      Motors, Honda,
                                                      Hyundai,
                                                      Jaguar Land
                                                      Rover, Kia,
                                                      Maserati,
                                                      Mazda,
                                                      Mercedes-Benz,
                                                      Mitsubishi
                                                      Motors,
                                                      Nissan,
                                                      Porsche,
                                                      Subaru, Tesla
                                                      Motors Inc.,
                                                      Toyota,
                                                      Volkswagen and
                                                      Volvo Car USA.
                                                      The
                                                      unprecedented
                                                      commitment
                                                      means that
                                                      this important
                                                      safety
                                                      technology will be available to more consumers more quickly than
                                                      would be
                                                      possible
                                                      through the
                                                      regulatory
                                                      process...The

                                                      commitment
                                                      takes into
                                                      account the
                                                      evolution of
                                                      AEB
                                                      technology. It
                                                      requires a
                                                      level of
                                                      functionality
                                                      that is in
                                                      line with
                                                      research and
                                                      crash data
                                                      demonstrating
                                                      that such
                                                      systems are
                                                      substantially
                                                      reducing
                                                      crashes, but does not stand in the way of improved capabilities
                                                      that are just
                                                      beginning to
                                                      emerge.
                                                      The
                                                      performance
                                                      measures are
                                                      based on real
                                                      world data
                                                      showing that
                                                      vehicles with
                                                      this level of
                                                      capability are
                                                      avoiding
                                                      crashes..[Watch NHTSA video on AEB](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Src2jhS4wcA)
                                                      [Download AEB video from IIHS](https://www.hightail.com/download/ZWJVbGtNR3NrWTg4RmNUQw)[Read more](http://www.nhtsa.gov/About+NHTSA/Press+Releases/nhtsa-iihs-commitment-on-aeb-03172016)  Hmmmm...Fantastic!  Automakers leading with
                                                      regulatory
                                                      process
                                                      staying out of
                                                      the way.
                                                      Alain

GM Buying Self-Driving Tech Startup for More Than $1 Billion

D.

                                                      Patrick Mar
                                                      11,"General
                                                      Motors  GM
                                                      1.43%  this
                                                      morning
                                                      announced that
                                                      it will
                                                      acquire Cruise
                                                      Automation, a
                                                      San
                                                      Francisco-based
                                                      developer of
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology. No
                                                      financial
                                                      terms were
                                                      disclosed, but
                                                      Fortune has
                                                      learned from a
                                                      source close
                                                      to the
                                                      situation that
                                                      the deal is
                                                      valued at
                                                      "north of $1
                                                      billion," in a
                                                      combination of
                                                      cash and
                                                      stock.

                                                      Talks between
                                                      the two
                                                      companies
                                                      originally
                                                      related to a
                                                      strategic
                                                      investment by
                                                      GM in Cruise,
                                                      which was
                                                      planning to
                                                      raise a new
                                                      round of
                                                      venture
                                                      capital
                                                      funding. But
                                                      that quickly
                                                      morphed into
                                                      an acquisition
                                                      discussion
                                                      with the
                                                      entire
                                                      agreement
                                                      getting hashed
                                                      out in less
                                                      than six
                                                      weeks. [Read more](http://fortune.com/2016/03/11/gm-buying-self-driving-tech-startup-for-more-than-1-billion/)Hmmmm...That sets the bar.  Reminiscent of [AOL paying $1.1B for MapQuest](http://www.ecommercetimes.com/story/2068.html)
                                                      resulting in [NavTeq getting $8.1B from Nokia](http://mashable.com/2007/10/01/nokia-navteq/#CnEKJL0cUOqM)
                                                      followed by [Here getting $3B from MB et al](http://mashable.com/2007/10/01/nokia-navteq/#CnEKJL0cUOqM).

                                                      [Deja vu all over again!](http://yogiberramuseum.org/just-for-fun/yogisms/)
                                                      Very
                                                      interesting
                                                      :-)  Alain

THE ROAD NOT TAKEN: How we found (and lost) the dream of Personal Rapid Transit

                                                      A. Robertson,
                                                      Feb 10 , Feb.
                                                      "...Half a
                                                      century after
                                                      its heyday,
                                                      the Alden
                                                      StaRRcar
                                                      clearly wasn't
                                                      made for its
                                                      world. It
                                                      looks like a
                                                      white flatiron
                                                      with wheels or
                                                      a sleek,
                                                      plastic
                                                      bullet,
                                                      dwarfed by the
                                                      regal sedans
                                                      of 1960s
                                                      Detroit. It
                                                      belongs in one
                                                      of Buckminster
                                                      Fuller's domed
                                                      cities, a
                                                      vehicle for
                                                      traveling
                                                      under the
                                                      geodesics of a
                                                      bubble-topped
                                                      Manhattan. Its
                                                      future wasn't
                                                      one of
                                                      highways, but
                                                      of narrow
                                                      cement tracks
                                                      looping
                                                      gracefully
                                                      between city
                                                      and suburb,
                                                      connecting
                                                      increasingly
                                                      alienated
                                                      parts of the
                                                      American
                                                      landscape...

                                                      Once
                                                      considered a
                                                      key to solving
                                                      urban blight,
                                                      the StaRRcar
                                                      was part of a
                                                      public transit
                                                      revolution
                                                      that never was
                                                      — but one that
                                                      would help
                                                      launch one of
                                                      the weirdest
                                                      and most
                                                      politicized
                                                      public
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      experiments of
                                                      the 20th
                                                      century. It's
                                                      an old idea
                                                      that today, in
                                                      an age of
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars, seems by
                                                      turns
                                                      impractically
                                                      retro and
                                                      remarkably
                                                      prescient...

                                                      PRT's
                                                      invention is
                                                      attributed to
                                                      a
                                                      transportation
                                                      expert named
                                                      Donn Fichter,
                                                      but the
                                                      central idea
                                                      was conceived,
                                                      remixed, and
                                                      adapted by
                                                      many in the
                                                      1950s and
                                                      1960s. While
                                                      the details
                                                      varied, the
                                                      prototypical
                                                      PRT system was
                                                      a network of
                                                      narrow
                                                      guideways
                                                      populated by
                                                      small
                                                      passenger
                                                      pods. When
                                                      commuters
                                                      arrived, they
                                                      would hit a
                                                      button to
                                                      select a
                                                      destination,
                                                      calling one of
                                                      the pods like
                                                      a taxi. Then,
                                                      instead of
                                                      running on a
                                                      set line, the
                                                      pod would use
                                                      guideways like
                                                      a freeway
                                                      system,
                                                      routing around
                                                      stations in
                                                      order to take
                                                      passengers
                                                      directly to
                                                      their final
                                                      stop.

                                                      The system was
                                                      designed to be
                                                      everything
                                                      that existing
                                                      public
                                                      transportation
                                                      wasn't. Pods
                                                      would carry
                                                      only as many
                                                      people as an
                                                      average car,
                                                      guaranteeing a
                                                      nearly private
                                                      ride. Riders
                                                      wouldn't need
                                                      to follow a
                                                      timetable or
                                                      wait for other
                                                      people to
                                                      enter and exit
                                                      the system.
                                                      Because the
                                                      pods would
                                                      only be
                                                      dispatched on
                                                      demand, cities
                                                      could run
                                                      service to
                                                      many
                                                      low-traffic
                                                      areas without
                                                      worrying about
                                                      waste. There
                                                      were no
                                                      drivers to
                                                      train or pay,
                                                      and the pods
                                                      could run
                                                      quietly on
                                                      electrical
                                                      power instead
                                                      of with fossil
                                                      fuels...

                                                      Multiple plans
                                                      for personal
                                                      rapid transit
                                                      fell through,
                                                      whether
                                                      because of
                                                      budget
                                                      problems,
                                                      logistical
                                                      issues, or
                                                      political
                                                      power
                                                      struggles....

                                                      And as in the
                                                      '60s, we're
                                                      talking about
                                                      whether
                                                      self-driving
                                                      vehicles could
                                                      spell the end
                                                      of private
                                                      cars...."[Read more](THE%20ROAD%20NOT%20TAKEN:%20How%20we%20found%20%28and%20lost%29%20the%20dream%20of%20Personal%20Rapid%20Transit)Hmmmm...A must read.  Pretty much as I remember it.
                                                      I lived much
                                                      of it,
                                                      including
                                                      designing
                                                      10,000
                                                      station,
                                                      10,000 mile
                                                      PRT networks
                                                      that could
                                                      serve all of
                                                      New Jersey's
                                                      needs for
                                                      personal
                                                      mobility.  The
                                                      good news was
                                                      that the
                                                      area-wide
                                                      systems would
                                                      provide great
                                                      mobility for
                                                      all.  The bad
                                                      news: No
                                                      viable way to
                                                      start.  The
                                                      best starting
                                                      places could
                                                      each be
                                                      readily served
                                                      by
                                                      conventional
                                                      systems with
                                                      no technology
                                                      risk.  Without
                                                      a place to
                                                      start, PRT
                                                      never got a
                                                      chance to
                                                      flourish in
                                                      the vast areas
                                                      that are
                                                      un-servable by
                                                      conventional
                                                      technology.
                                                      Moreover, PRT
                                                      needed the
                                                      diversion of
                                                      public sector
                                                      capital funds
                                                      that weres already in the back pocket
                                                      of those
                                                      pedaling the
                                                      conventional
                                                      technologies.
                                                      Consequently,
                                                      the personal
                                                      auto has
                                                      reigned on.

Today

                                                      is different.
                                                      With PRT, even
                                                      the first
                                                      vehicle needed
                                                      a couple of
                                                      stations and
                                                      interconnecting
                                                      guideway (and
                                                      all of the
                                                      discussion and
                                                      heartache was
                                                      about the
                                                      location and
                                                      cost of those
                                                      initial
                                                      stations and
                                                      guideway).
                                                      With
                                                      autonomous
                                                      taxis sharing

                                                      existing
                                                      roads, one can
                                                      begin with a
                                                      single vehicle
                                                      capable of
                                                      serving many
                                                      existing
                                                      places without
                                                      needing to
                                                      pay-for/justify
                                                      any
                                                      infrastructure.
                                                      That is today's

                                                      fundamental
                                                      opportunity,
                                                      in contrast to
                                                      PRT's
                                                      monumental
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      burden even
                                                      for one
                                                      vehicle.  That's why aTaxis are destined to finally deliver
                                                      PRT's utopian
                                                      mobility to
                                                      all and
                                                      substantially
                                                      transform our
                                                      cities and
                                                      suburbs. Alain

Vancouver councillor wants city to prepare for driverless cars  T. Fletcher, Feb 18 “Driverless cars might seem like a futuristic dream, but a city councillor doesn’t want Vancouver to take a hands-off approach to the emerging technology. Coun. Geoff Meggs is steering a motion slated for next Tuesday’s council meeting asking city staff to look into the impact of self-driving vehicles and how to maximize the benefits of the technology for Vancouver and the city’s economy.

                                                      Although the
                                                      city's
                                                      transportation
                                                      2040 plan,
                                                      which outlines
                                                      a strategy for
                                                      how people and
                                                      goods will
                                                      move in and
                                                      around
                                                      Vancouver for
                                                      the next 30
                                                      years, was
                                                      adopted only
                                                      four years
                                                      ago, Meggs
                                                      said it fails
                                                      to address
                                                      driverless
                                                      technology....
                                                      "It may be a
                                                      powerful tool
                                                      or there may
                                                      be problems
                                                      with it, but
                                                      at the moment,
                                                      it's an empty
                                                      category in a
                                                      lot of our
                                                      thinking,"
                                                      Meggs told
                                                      Metro. "We
                                                      don't want our
                                                      (transportation)

                                                      plan, which we
                                                      just did, to

                                                      be obsolete
                                                      before it even
                                                      starts."..."  [Read more](http://www.nsc.org/NewsDocuments/2016/mv-fatality-report-1215.pdf)Hmmmm...Yup!  Obviously, "obsolescence before ribbon
                                                      cutting" is
                                                      something all
                                                      cities should
                                                      try to avoid.
                                                      Alain

Motor Vehicle Deaths Increase by Largest Percent in 50 Years

                                                      Press Release
                                                      Feb 16 "With
                                                      continued
                                                      lower gasoline
                                                      prices and an
                                                      improving
                                                      economy
                                                      resulting in
                                                      an estimated 3.5%

                                                      increase
                                                      in
                                                      motor-vehicle
                                                      mileage, the
                                                      number of
                                                      motor-vehicle
                                                      deaths in 2015

                                                      totaled
                                                      38,300,
                                                      up 8% from
                                                      2014.

                                                      The 2015
                                                      estimate is
                                                      provisional
                                                      and may be
                                                      revised when
                                                      more data are
                                                      available. The
                                                      total for 2015
                                                      was up 8% from
                                                      the 2013
                                                      figure. The
                                                      annual total
                                                      for 2014 was
                                                      35,398, a less
                                                      than 0.5%
                                                      increase from
                                                      2013. The 2013
                                                      figure was 3%
                                                      lower than
                                                      2012. The
                                                      estimated
                                                      annual
                                                      population
                                                      death rate is
                                                      11.87 deaths
                                                      per 100,000
                                                      population, an
                                                      increase of 7%
                                                      from the 2014
                                                      rate. The
                                                      estimated
                                                      annual mileage
                                                      death rate is
                                                      1.22 deaths
                                                      per 100
                                                      million
                                                      vehicle miles
                                                      traveled, an
                                                      increase of 5%
                                                      from the 2014
                                                      rate. [Read more](http://www.nsc.org/NewsDocuments/2016/mv-fatality-report-1215.pdf)Hmmmm...This is REALLY BAD news.  Come on insurance.
                                                      This is
                                                      costing you
                                                      money!
                                                      Accident rates
                                                      going up means
                                                      that your
                                                      actuarials are
                                                      behind, your
                                                      regulated
                                                      pricing lags
                                                      and you are
                                                      losing money.
                                                      To get ahead
                                                      of your
                                                      actuarials,
                                                      you MUST
                                                      incentivize
                                                      the adoption
                                                      of automated
                                                      collision
                                                      avoidance
                                                      systems.
                                                      You'll then do
                                                      very well,
                                                      thank you AND
                                                      help society.
                                                      Alain

Budget of the U.S. Government, FY 2017

Feb.

                                                      9, "...(3)
                                                      Accelerate the
                                                      integration of
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles,
                                                      low-carbon
                                                      technologies,
                                                      and
                                                      intelligent
                                                      transportation
                                                      systems into
                                                      our
                                                      infrastructure....
  • Providing almost $400 million on average per year in funding over the next 10 years for the deployment of self-driving vehicles. Investments would help develop connected infrastructure and smart sensors that can communicate with autonomous vehicles, support R&D to ensure these vehicles are safe and road ready, and expand at-scale deployment projects to provide “proving grounds” for autonomous self-driving and connected vehicles in urban and highway settings.

Read moreHmmmm…major victory…not only: “…for

                                                      autonomous
                                                      self-driving...",

                                                      bit also
                                                      stated before:
                                                      "... and connected...".
                                                          Alain

London’s first driverless cars revealed

                                                      The consortium
                                                      behind the
                                                      trial has
                                                      decided to
                                                      adapt electric
                                                      passenger
                                                      shuttles that
                                                      are currently
                                                      in service at
                                                      Heathrow
                                                      Airport for
                                                      use in
                                                      Greenwich.
                                                      Unlike the
                                                      Heathrow pods,
                                                      they will not
                                                      need dedicated
                                                      tracks.

                                                      The Greenwich
                                                      trial is one
                                                      of four in the
                                                      UK to test
                                                      driverless
                                                      technology and
                                                      public
                                                      reaction to
                                                      it..."This
                                                      vehicle has
                                                      millions of
                                                      miles under
                                                      its belt and
                                                      now we have to
                                                      take it
                                                      outside of the
                                                      track and
                                                      modify it for
                                                      use on
                                                      pavements," he
                                                      added.  The
                                                      so-called
                                                      UltraPODs
                                                      currently in
                                                      service at
                                                      Heathrow carry
                                                      passengers
                                                      between the
                                                      car park and
                                                      Terminal 5. In
                                                      the five years
                                                      they have been
                                                      in use, they
                                                      have carried
                                                      1.5 million
                                                      passengers and
                                                      traveled three
                                                      million
                                                      kilometers
                                                      (1.8 million
                                                      miles)...."
                                                      [Read more](http://www.bbc.com/news/technology-35432687)   Hmmm...Wow!!

                                                      ... PRT
                                                      evolving to be
                                                      autonomousTaxis!

                                                      Wow!!!  :-) Alain

###

Obama’s $4 Billion Plan for Self-Driving Cars Will Make Google Very Happy

                                                      M. Bergen, Jan
                                                      14 "The Obama
                                                      Administration
                                                      has seen the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      future, and
                                                      it's jumping
                                                      aboard.  At
                                                      the Detroit
                                                      auto show on
                                                      Thursday
                                                      morning, U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Secretary
                                                      Anthony Foxx
                                                      will unveil a
                                                      plan to
                                                      develop a
                                                      national
                                                      blueprint for
                                                      autonomous
                                                      driving
                                                      technology
                                                      within the
                                                      next six
                                                      months.  He
                                                      will also
                                                      announce that
                                                      President
                                                      Obama is
                                                      planning to
                                                      insert $4
                                                      billion into
                                                      the 2017
                                                      budget for a
                                                      10-year plan
                                                      to support and
                                                      "accelerate"
                                                      vehicle
                                                      automation
                                                      projects.

                                                      "We are on the
                                                      cusp of a new
                                                      era in
                                                      automotive
                                                      technology
                                                      with enormous
                                                      potential to
                                                      save lives,
                                                      reduce
                                                      greenhouse gas
                                                      emissions, and
                                                      transform
                                                      mobility for
                                                      the American
                                                      people,"
                                                      Secretary Foxx
                                                      said in a
                                                      statement. ...But
                                                      here's the
                                                      part of Foxx's
                                                      talk that
                                                      really matters
                                                      for Google:
                                                      These national
                                                      rules will
                                                      allow fully
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars..."

                                                      [Read More](http://recode.net/2016/01/14/obamas-4-billion-plan-for-self-driving-cars-will-make-google-very-happy/)  Hmmm...
                                                      A [few months ago](http://www.its.dot.gov/press/2015/ngv_tech_announcement.htm)
                                                      it was $42M
                                                      for Connected
                                                      Vehicles.
                                                      Today it is
                                                      100x for
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles!
                                                      Finally
                                                      Secretary
                                                      Foxx.."[YES! YES! JESUS H. TAP-DANCING CHRIST... I HAVE SEEN THE LIGHT](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=lX5tfRdkoY0)"
                                                      (Blue
                                                      Brothers)
                                                      Yea!!!!!   :-)

                                                      Alain

Google Pairs With Ford To Build Self-Driving Cars

                                                      J. Hyde &
                                                      S. Carty, Dec.
                                                      21 "Google and
                                                      Ford will
                                                      create a joint
                                                      venture to
                                                      build
                                                      self-driving
                                                      vehicles with
                                                      Google's
                                                      technology, a
                                                      huge step by
                                                      both companies
                                                      toward a new
                                                      business of
                                                      automated ride
                                                      sharing,
                                                      ...According
                                                      to three
                                                      sources
                                                      familiar with
                                                      the plans, the
                                                      partnership is
                                                      set to be
                                                      announced by
                                                      Ford at the
                                                      Consumer
                                                      Electronics
                                                      Show in
                                                      January. By
                                                      pairing with
                                                      Google, Ford
                                                      gets a massive
                                                      boost in
                                                      self-driving
                                                      software
                                                      development;
                                                      while the
                                                      automaker has
                                                      been
                                                      experimenting
                                                      with its own
                                                      systems for
                                                      years, it only
                                                      revealed plans
                                                      this month to
                                                      begin testing
                                                      on public
                                                      streets in
                                                      California....

                                                      Google already
                                                      has several
                                                      links to Ford;
                                                      the head of
                                                      the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car project,
                                                      John Krafcik,
                                                      worked for 14
                                                      years at Ford,
                                                      including a
                                                      stint as head
                                                      of truck
                                                      engineering,
                                                      and several
                                                      other ex-Ford
                                                      employees work
                                                      in the unit as
                                                      well. Former
                                                      Ford chief
                                                      executive Alan
                                                      Mulally joined
                                                      Google's board
                                                      last year.

                                                      And Ford
                                                      executives
                                                      have been
                                                      clear for
                                                      years that the
                                                      company was
                                                      ready to
                                                      embrace a
                                                      future where
                                                      cars were sold
                                                      as on-demand
                                                      services. Ford
                                                      CEO Mark
                                                      Fields has
                                                      repeatedly
                                                      said Ford was
                                                      thinking of
                                                      itself "as a
                                                      mobility
                                                      company," and
                                                      what that
                                                      would mean for
                                                      its business"
                                                      [Read more](https://www.yahoo.com/autos/google-pairs-with-ford-to-1326344237400118.html)  Hmmm...Not

                                                      surprising and
                                                      not exclusive.
                                                      :-) Alain

Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars

                                                      Video similar
                                                      to part of
                                                      Adam's
                                                      Luncheon talk
                                                      @ 2015 Florida
                                                      Automated
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Symposium on
                                                      Dec 1.  [Hmmm ... Watch Video](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/Videos/AdamJonas10T_MorganStanley.mp4)  especially

                                                      at the 13:12
                                                      mark.
                                                      Compelling;
                                                      especially
                                                      after the 60
                                                      Minutes
                                                      segment
                                                      above!  Also
                                                      see his [TipRanks](https://www.tipranks.com/analysts/adam-jonas).

                                                      Alain

                                                      [Mailto:alaink@princeton.edu](Mailto:alaink@princeton.edu) 

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