2017-01-27
January 27, 2017
Trump team compiles infrastructure priority list
L. Horsley, Jan 24, “President Donald Trump’s team has compiled a list of about 50 infrastructure projects nationwide, totaling at least $137.5 billion, as the new White House tries to determine its investment priorities,… Among the projects could be a new terminal for the Kansas City airport, upgrades to Interstate 95 in North Carolina (Hmmm… NC again, maybe some of Foxx’s down home projects will make it to the new administration) and a proposal to replace the nation’s radar-based air traffic control system with one called NextGen, based on satellites….a list of about 50 infrastructure projects nationwide, totaling at least $137.5 billion. Read more Hmmm… which produce 193,350 ‘Direct’ job years and 241,700 ‘Indirect’ job years. Doing the arithmetic, that’s $711K per direct job-year ( or $316K per combined job-year.). Those are expensive job-years! What is built had better be something that doesn’t require a Washington (or other public-sector) subsidy to keep it operating once it is built; else it would be better just create 3 times as many (1.375M) $100K welfare jobs-year and not be forever begging for operating subsidies.
Well what’s on the list…# 13 Texas Central RR, #23 Maryland Purple Line, #24 M-1 Rail, Detroit, #24 MBTA Green Line Extension… all projects that, at best, have no hope of being able to operate without perpetual public subsidies. Moreover, each is likely to have been made totally obsolete by driverless MaaS systems before they serve their first customer. Seems like some of these infrastructure projects will be filling rather than draining the swamp. So sad! Alain
Serving the Nation’s Personal Mobility Needs with the Casual Sharing of autonomousTaxis & Today’s Urban Rail, Amtrak and Air Transport Systems ODI
A. Kornhauser, Jan 14, “Orf467F16 Final Project Symposium quantifying implications of such a Nation-wide mobility system on Average Vehicle Occupancy (AVO), energy, environment and congestion, including estimates of fleet size, needed empty vehicle repositioning, and ridership implications on existing rail transit systems (west, east, NYC) and Amtrak of a system that would efficiently and effectively perform their ‘1st mile’/’last-mile’ mobility needs. Read more Hmmm… Now linked are 1st Drafts of the chapters and the powerPoint summaries of these elements. Final Report should be available by early February. The major finding is, nationwide there exists sufficient casual ridesharing potential that a well–managed Nationwide Fleet of about 30M aTaxis (in conjunction with the existing air, Amtrak and Urban fixed-rail systems) could serve the vehicular mobility needs of the whole nation with VMT 40% less than today’s automobiles while providing a Level-of-Service (LoS) largely equivalent and in many ways superior than is delivered by the personal automobile today. Also interesting are the findings as to the substantial increased patronage opportunities available to Amtrak and each of the fixed rail transit systems around the country because the aTaxis solve the ‘1st and last mile’ problem. While all of this is extremely good news, the challenging news is that since all of these fixed rail systems currently lose money on each passenger served, the additional patronage would likely mean that they’ll lose even more money in the future. :-( Alain
###
Uber Hires Google’s Former Head of Search, Stoking a Rivalry
M. Issac, Jan 20, "Uber and Google have long been
bitter rivals in the race to build the autonomous
vehicles that appear integral to the future of
transportation. Soon, Uber will have a bit of help in
that effort from a man who has played a key role in
Google's history. Amit Singhal, a 15-year Google
veteran and a former senior vice president for search at
the company, said on Friday that he planned to join Uber
as senior vice president for engineering. ...will lead
the company's mapping division as well as a unit that
runs the dispatching, marketing and pricing of Uber
cars. ..."I love Amit's excitement for solving complex
computer science problems and his passion for helping
improve people's lives through technology," Mr.
Kalanick,..." [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2017/01/20/technology/uber-amit-singhal-google.html?_r=0) Hmmm... I thought
'dispatching' was a Complex Operations Research
Problem? Whatever! (Keith Gladstone'17 ORFE thesis
is addressing the dispatching issue) :-) Alain
New Mobility Directions & Models at #CES2017
K. Pyle, Jan 21, "Vehicles are increasingly becoming
consumer electronic items, as evidenced by the number of
companies and booths at International CES 2017 that were
dedicated to creating the next great ride. The embedded
electronics allow even the most utilitarian vehicle to
become an extension of its rider. Of course, there was
the 21st century version of the muscle car, from Faraday
Future and many others, that hearkens back to an earlier
time when the open road and the freedom of driving were
the dream of many.
But, it is no longer about muscle, as vehicles of all
levels are becoming intelligent. Whether this means an
improved Human-Machine interface or an operating system
embedded with and connected to Artificial Intelligence
that allows the car to think and act without the aid of
a human, mobility is changing, and changing fast. And
the latest features aren't just the latest gee-whiz, as
safety was a recurring theme throughout the
exhibits...." [Read more](http://www.viodi.tv/2017/01/21/new-mobility-directions-at-ces2017/) Hmmm... Be sure to
watch the embedded video. Ken, very nice summary.
:-) Alain
Here’s Where the 10 Federal Self-Driving Car Test Sites Are
K. Korosec, Jan 20, "The U.S. Department of
Transportation picked 10 official sites for developing
and testing self-driving car technology, one of the last
actions the agency made under the leadership of former
U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx.
The DOT made the announcement Thursday, Foxx's last day
as secretary. On Friday, Donald Trump was sworn in as
president and a new administration took over. ..." [Read more](http://fortune.com/2017/01/20/self-driving-test-sites/)Hmmm...
Congratulations to Pittsburgh, [Florida](http://www.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/Orf467F16/CurrentNews/SunTrax012417.pdf),
Michigan and Contra Costa; however, this should
probably be in the 'Half-Baked' section because this
pronouncement 'has no clothes'. What chance in
surviving does anything done on the last day,
especially when there is no money behind this
announcement and US DoT has been, at best, lukewarm
about Automated/Self-driving and has essentially 'no
skin in this game'. Also North Carolina ??? and
not Virginia??? Oh yes, Foxx is from NC! maybe this
should be C'mon Man! Alain
A Testing Environment for Mobility & Transportation Innovation
Jan 2017, "SunTrax is a large-scale facility that will
be developed jointly by FDOT, Florida Polytechnic
University and Industry partners. This cutting-edge
facility will offer unique opportunities for the testing
of emerging transportation technologies in safe
controlled environments. ..." [Read more](http://www.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/Orf467F16/CurrentNews/SunTrax012417.pdf)Hmmm...
Maybe... but why bother with the long straightaways
and oval parts. Lots of those in lots of places
and this shouldn't be 'Daytona2'. What is needed
is an 'infinitely variable' town environment where
the real world 'corner cases' can be tested in safe controlled environments.
Alain
Lidar factory for self-driving cars opens in Silicon Valley
D. Baker, Jan 17, "...With a few notable exceptions,
most of the companies developing self-driving vehicles
use lidar to scan the roadway environment with high
precision. And while truly autonomous cars capable of
driving themselves in all situations remain several
years away, Velodyne is banking on rapid growth in the
number of test vehicles on the road
"People often ask, 'When will I see autonomous cars?'
They're on the road today, but just in small quantities,
and how this will emerge is the number will increase
month after month over time," said Mike Jellen,
Velodyne's president and chief operating officer. "We
will need to have the capacity ready to support a
tremendous increase starting in 2018 and moving into
2019." ... [Read more](http://www.sfgate.com/business/article/Lidar-factory-for-self-driving-cars-opens-in-10863030.php) Hmmm...
Congratulations Mike! :-) Alain
Lucid Motors Unveils Lucid Air
Dec. 19, "[Lucid Motors](https://lucidmotors.com/) officially unveiled its first high-end
electric vehicle, a sleek, sunlit sedan called the Lucid
Air that executives expect will roll off the assembly
line starting late 2018. But as advancements in
automotive innovation - autonomous driving, electric
vehicle batteries and ride-sharing, among others -
continue to progress at a rapid clip, it's unclear
exactly how different the car market will look when the
Lucid Air finally hits the road. Indeed, the 'alpha
prototype' car that Lucid Motors put on display this
week promises to be fully electric and allow for
completely autonomous driving. The company claims the
car will feature a 100 kilowatt hour battery - and
eventually a 130 kilowatt hour battery - that can travel
up to 400 miles (643.7kms) on a single charge. The
top-tier Tesla Model S can get up to 330 miles (482
kms), according to the company. [Read more](http://www.bloomberg.com/research/stocks/private/snapshot.asp?privcapId=83747444) Hmmm... And the
hits keep coming!! :-) Alain
Driverless Cars Set to Save World Economies Billions – World Study
January 2017, “Traffic accidents cost world economies billions each year, but with the development of autonomous driving technologies these costs could be reduced dramatically. Autonomous driving technologies are revolutionising the automotive industry with their promise to improve vehicle safety and reduce traffic accidents, but what is the monetary impact of this on GDP?…The US topped the list of 73 countries, where over $340bn is lost to traffic accidents each year, …” Read more Hmmm… I like to quote the NHTSA study that claims that crashes (better term than ‘accident’) cause $871B/yr in economic loss, of which about 1/3 is ‘audit-able cash’ (which compares favorably with this study’s $340B) and 2/3rds is ‘pain & suffering economic loss’; meaning this study’s global annual $1T might be as high as $3T/yr in global economic loss. What is interesting to me is that ~50% of this loss is avoided by the world-wide penetration of Safe-driving technology that is essentially in-hand. We don’t have to wait for ‘Driverless’. Given that Insurance pays for about 1/6th of the NHTSA number suggests that $0.5T/yr. in reduced insurance LOSS is on the table to be saved world-wide. That is 0.5 times ten to the 13th power US dollars per year! How insurance is not all-in promoting Safe-Driving Cars Trucks & Buses and thereby putting much of that $0.5T/yr in their own pocket is beyond me? I don’t get it!?! Alain
TomTom acquires Autonomos
Jan 18, “TomTom announced that it has acquired Autonomos, a Berlin-based autonomous driving start-up.
The acquisition strengthens TomTom's position in
autonomous driving. Autonomos has provided Research
& Development consultancy services for automated
vehicle assistance systems and has built up expertise
and technologies in the process, including a full
demonstration-level autonomous driving software stack,
3D sensor technology, and digital image processing.
The company was established in 2012 after the founders
had worked for several years in successful autonomous
driving research projects at the Free University of
Berlin...." [Read more](http://geoinformatics.com/tomtom-acquires-autonomos/) Hmmm...
Navigation and its digital maps are necessary
parts in the reality of robust autonomous
driving. The extent to which additional precision
in digital maps benefits the robust reality of
precise stopping, collision avoidance and lane
centering remains up in the air. Alain
Some other
thoughts that deserve your attention
###
On the More Technical Side
http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/
Half-baked stuff that
probably doesn't deserve your time
###
C’mon Man!(These
folks didn't get/read the memo)
Calendar
of Upcoming Events:
Recent Highlights of:
#
###
###
January 20, 2017
Fiscal Year 2016 SRD Program Grant Selections
Public Announcement, Jan 22: “Pierce Transit will receive $1,664,894 to deploy buses equipped with collision avoidance warning systems or automatic braking features. The objective of this project is to deploy and demonstrate collision avoidance technology in partnership with the Washington State Transit Insurance Pool (WSTIP), a collaborative organization of 25 Washington public transit agencies that combine their resources to provide and purchase insurance coverage, manage claims and litigation, and receive risk management and training. Pierce Transit will work with WSTIP to accurately determine the business case for investing in these technologies.” Read moreHmmm… Finally!! More than 3 years since Lou Sanders of APTA, Jerome Lutin and I first proposed to FTA to do such a thing for the benefit of the entire bus transit industry (which FTA deemed as non-worthy) the FTA has finally turned around and jumped on-board. The unfortunate news: we lost 3 years. The fortunate news: the process of substantially reducing bus crashes is finally underway thanks to the hard work in the interim by Jerome Lutin and Jerry Spears (formerly of WSTIP). This and the good news below from Tesla may finally enlighten the insurance industry to play a leadership role in the market adoption of SafeDrivingCars/Buses/Trucks. Congratulations Jerome & Jerry! Alain
ODI (Office of Defects Investigation) Findings on Tesla AEB & AutoPilot
###
(Above link should work) Jan 19, “… Summary: … NHTSA’s examination did not identify any defects in the design or performance of the AEB or Autopilot systems of the subject vehicles nor any incidents in which the systems did not perform as designed. AEB systems used in the automotive industry through MY 2016 are rear-end collision avoidance technologies that are not designed to reliably perform in all crash modes, including crossing path collisions. The Autopilot system is an Advanced Driver Assistance System (ADAS) that requires the continual and full attention of the driver to monitor the traffic environment and be prepared to take action to avoid crashes. Tesla’s design included a hands-on the steering wheel system for monitoring driver engagement…
... ODI analyzed data from crashes of Tesla
Model S and Model X vehicles involving
airbag deployments that occurred while
operating in, or within 15 seconds of
transitioning from, Autopilot mode. Some
crashes involved impacts from other vehicles
striking the Tesla from various directions
with little to no warning to the Tesla
driver. Other crashes involved scenarios
known to be outside of the
state-of-technology for current-generation
Level 1 or 2 systems, such as cut-ins,
cut-outs and crossing path collisions....
...The Florida fatal crash appears to have
involved a period of extended distraction
(at least 7 seconds)..." .Hmmm... nothing else is
written about this nor is a basis
given for the 'at least 7 seconds'.
Possibly the most important
information revealed in this summary
is Figure 11, p11: "...
Figure 11 shows the rates calculated
by ODI for airbag deployment crashes
in the subject Tesla vehicles before
and after Autosteer installation.
The data show that the Tesla
vehicles crash rate dropped by
almost 40 percent after Autosteer
installation...
...A safety-related defect trend has
not been identified at this time and
further examination of this issue
does not appear to be warranted.
Accordingly, this investigation
is closed. " [Read more](http://www.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/Orf467F16/NHTSA_ODI_FindingsOnTeslaFloridaCrash.PDF) Hmmm... WOW!!!
. Every word of this Finding is
worth reading. It basically exonerates
Tesla, states that AEBs (Automated
Emergency Braking) systems don't really
work and aren't designed to work in some
scenarios (straight crossing path (SCP)
and left turn across path (LTAP), see p
2,3). ...which suggests, to me, that
DoT/NHTSA should be placing substantial
efforts on making these systems really
work in more scenarios. And... there is
the solid data that 'AutoSteer"
reduced Tesla crashes by almost 40%!!!
WOW!! Will Insurance now finally get
on-board and lead? Alai
January 13, 2017
Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx Announces New Federal Committee on Automation
News, Jan 10, “…U.S. Transportation Secretary Anthony Foxx. “I’m proud to announce this new automation committee, and look forward to seeing its members advance life-saving innovations while boosting our economy and making our transportation network more fair, reliable, and efficient.”… Read more Hmmm… Excellent!!! Congratulations Chris, Bryant, Missy and everyone else. Alain
January 4, 2017
Volume 4, Issue 3
M. Sena, Jan. 5, “In This Issue:
Report from Dispatch Central 1 “…While the 12 million people in the EU who earn their livings directly from the automotive industry are delighted by the news that car sales figures for Novem-ber were up significantly, and it looks like 2016 will be another banner year, there are people in governments doing everything in their power to make both building and owning motorized vehicles economically unviable…” Read more Hmmm…Very interesting!
Autonomous Driving News Apple’s Letter to NHTSA 1 “…The Vehicle Safety Act requires companies to certify vehicles to the FMVSS (Federal Motor Vehicle Safety Standards) before first sale. But this law applies to new motor vehicles intended for sale to the public, and by implication, by companies that make and sell cars, not companies like Apple that may or may not intend to sell cars. Further, FAST Act2 specifically allows car makers, but not non-car makers, to test on public roads without requiring ex-emptions from FMVSS…Read more “ Hmmm… Very interesting!
What Car Companies Are Doing 2 “…So Uber must have made Volvo a pretty sweet offer when it gets rid of all the drivers with their own cars and has its own fleet of driverless cars…Read more” Hmmm…Very interesting!
Reurbanization or Spreading the Sprawl 3 “…Where do you want to go? My chart below has two opposing scenarios. In the top scenario, we keep doing what we have been doing. In the bottom sce-nario, we try to match policies with desired results. You choose…Read more” Hmmm…Very interesting!
Automotive Navigation-The Future of Traffic Info 4 “…ROUTE GUIDANCE WITHOUT
traffic information is useless..[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/The%20Dispatcher_5_January%202017.pdf)" Hmmm...Stop
right there. We've known that! The
connected world will not get here until
most of road vehicles are part of what
will be but a few competing fleets. It is
those fleet owners/managers that will
find it compelling to deploy connectedness
throughout their own fleets. Any
meaningful sharing of data between
competing fleets is not in any future that
I foresee. It may even violate anti-trust
laws (Unless Putin takes over the
world). Alain
Musings of a Dispatcher – Civilis cogitationes 6 “…I did not see a lot of people cycling to their jobs when I was in Västerås in the early autumn of this year. Like most places in Europe
and the U.S., when cars became affordable for
people with even modest incomes—starting in
the 50s in the U.S. and in the 60s in
Europe—it was a delight for workers to get out
of the rain and snow and into their own car.
It's the same today in emerging markets,
especially China,.." [Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/The%20Dispatcher_5_January%202017.pdf) Hmmm...Our
only hope is "Driverless"! Alain
December 24, 2016
Waymo’s 100 autonomous Chrysler minivans are here
J. Golson, Dec 19, “Chrysler has completed the 100 autonomous Pacifica minivans that will join the Waymo (née Google) fleet in early 2017. The vans, which are plug-in hybrid variants with Waymo’s self-driving hardware and software built in, are part of a partnership between Fiat Chrysler (FCA) and Waymo that was announced earlier this year.
Waymo CEO John Krafcik said last week that his company is not interested in “making better cars.” Instead, it wants to make “better drivers.”…”
Read more Hmmm…Nice that these vehicles are targeted to a ride-sharing market (more seating capacity and easier in&out than the Prius/Lexus/Bug.)
However, the quote by John Krafcik is VERY troubling. To make “better drivers” all one needs is Automated Collision Avoidance systems (or what I’ve termed ‘Safe-driving cars’). That is indeed a laudable goal; however, that goal can be reached with a lot less hardware and software than what is in these modified Pacificas (which have a conventional steering wheel, brake & throttle pedals and driver’s seat). But Safe-driving cars aren’t helpful to the Steve Mahan’s of this world (or to the young, or the Ubers or enable the Modified Pacifica’s to offer inexpensive high-quality shared-ride on-demand mobility to all. Most unfortunately, what all of the extra gizmos on the modified Pacificas enable is for the driver to be better able to consume Google Ads for part of his/her time trapped in this vehicle. So a more honest quote might have been: it wants to make “better drivers who can better consume Google Ads.” No wonder Chris bailed! :-( Alain
December 14, 2016
Google is spinning off its self-driving car program into a new company called Waymo
A. Hawkins, Dec 13, “Today, Google announced that it would be spinning off its six-year-old self-driving project into a standalone business called Waymo, which stands for “a new way forward in mobility,” according to John Krafcik, the CEO of the new company.
It was previously reported that Google would
be dropping its plan to build its own vehicle
without steering wheels and pedals, instead
focusing on creating the self-driving
technology that can be installed in
third-party vehicles. Krafcik didn't provide
much clarity there, but did state definitively
that the new company was still fully committed
to fully autonomous vehicle technology.
"We are all in, 100 percent, on Level Four and
Level Five fully driverless solutions," he
said.
Krafcik didn't comment on a report in
Bloomberg that Google would be starting its
own ride-sharing service in partnership with
Fiat Chrysler using the Italian car maker's
Pacifica minivans as its fleet of self-driving
taxis. Google and FCA announced their
collaboration earlier this year. Krafcik did
confirm that the self-driving Pacificas were
still in the build phase, but would hopefully
be on the road for testing very soon.
It may be too soon to say that Google is
abandoning its plans to build it's own fleet
of driverless cars, without steering wheels
and pedals. That said, Krafcik made it clear
that Waymo "is not a car company, there's been
some confusion on that point. We're not in
business of making better cars, we're in the
business of making better drivers."...[Read more](http://www.theverge.com/2016/12/13/13936782/google-self-driving-car-waymo-spin-off-company) Hmmm... Boy that is a lot of
hedging. If they are in the business of
making better drivers, then all they need
to do is to make Automated Collision
Avoidance systems that actually work...
avoid collisions (aka Safe-driving Cars).
That would make all drivers better
drivers, but it wouldn't do anything for
non-drivers... the young, old, poor,
blind, those under the influence, ... Has
Google abandoned all of those folks and
reverted to the 'dark-side'? Alain
December 7, 2016
Why the driverless car industry is happy (so far) with Trump’s pick for Transportation secretary
R. Mitchell, Dec 6, “Silicon Valley voted heavily for Hillary Clinton, but companies working on driverless cars seem overjoyed with President-elect Donald Trump’s nominee for Transportation secretary, Elaine Chao. Chao will wield great power over how driverless cars and other automated vehicles will be regulated — or not….Industry insiders say they don’t want Chao to ignore driverless car policy….
Instead, they hope to avoid a patchwork of
differing and conflicting rules across the 50
states. "This should be centralized," said
Alain L. Kornhauser, director of the
transportation program at Princeton University
and an autonomous vehicle expert, "but that
doesn't mean the states don't play a part. It
would be better if we had a common
understanding...." [Read more](http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-chao-trump-driverless-20161205-story.html)Hmmm... Yup! Alain
November 20, 2016
DSRC’s ‘Dead End,’ Says Qualcomm Exec
J, Yoshida, Nov 15, “…Qualcomm’s pending takeover of NXP Semiconductors isn’t making the path to V2X any clearer.
NXP remains a staunch advocate for DSRC-based
V2X (as demonstrated via truck platooning on
Munich roads last week during Electronica).
Qualcomm, a leading voice and force behind the
progress of the cellular standards, is
sticking to its cellular radio
technology-based V2X evolution...We see this
as a continued cellular revolution with new
elements coming in... " [Read more](http://www.eetimes.com/document.asp?doc_id=1330834) Hmmm...V2X
is important, but primarily as a
complement to vehicle-centered automated
collision avoidance and not as a
centralized orchestration of individual
vehicles. Finally seeing this as: "We see this as a continued
cellular revolution with new elements
coming in..." may bring some
reality to V2X. Alain
October 27, 2016
Ontario Must Prepare for Vehicle Automation
B. Grush, Oct. 2016, “Two contradictory stories about our transportation infrastructure are currently in circulation. One is that Ontario’s aging, inadequate and congested infrastructure is perennially unable to catch up with a growing and sprawling GTHA. The other is that vehicle automation will soon dramatically multiply current road capacity by enabling narrower lanes, shorter headways and coordinated streams of connected vehicles to pass through intersections without traffic signals to impede flow.
Since the premature forecast of peak car in
2008 and now the hype surrounding the
automated vehicle, we are often told that we
have enough road capacity; that shared robotic
taxis will optimize our trips, reduce
congestion, and largely eliminate the need for
parking. This advice implies we need wait only
a few short years to experience relief from
our current infrastructure problems given by
decades of under-investment in transportation
infrastructure.
This is wishful thinking. Vehicle automation will give rise to two different emerging markets: semi-automated vehicles for household consumption and fully automated vehicles for public service such as robo-taxi and robo-transit. These two vehicle types will develop in parallel to serve different social markets. They will compete for both riders and infrastructure. The purpose of this report is to look at why and how government agencies and public interest groups can and should influence the preferred types and deployment of automated vehicles and the implication of related factors for planning…” Read moreHmmm…Bravo! The Key Findings & Recommendations are excellent. This is an excellent report (but it largely misses goods movement.) Especially 5.1 (read ‘semi-autonomous’ as ‘Self-driving’ and ‘full-automation’ as ‘Driverless’. My view: Driverless may well be at the heals of Self-driving because it is a business play rather than a consumer play. Driverless will be ordered by the hundreds or thousands rather than individually.) and, of course Ch 10: Ownership (the business model) is more important than technology. Alain
October 7, 2016
An Alarming 10% Rise in Traffic Deaths in the First Half of 2016
D. Victor, Oct. 5, “Traffic deaths in the United States rose 10.4 percent in the first half of this year compared with the same period in 2015, maintaining a steady climb….
The [numbers were released on Wednesday](https://crashstats.nhtsa.dot.gov/Api/Public/ViewPublication/812332) by the
National Highway Traffic Safety
Administration, which noted that Americans
drove about 50.5 billion more miles in the
first six months of 2016 than in the first
half of 2015, an increase of 3.3
percent....Officials have not identified a
specific cause for the most recent increase...
" [Read more](http://www.nytimes.com/2016/10/06/us/traffic-deaths-up-more-than-10-percent-in-first-half-of-2016.html?_r=0)Hmmm...worst
kept secret...Texting!!! It is an
epidemic and the way to address it begins
with Automated Collision Avoidance
Systems (ACAS)...what is on the shelf
today (if it only really worked), and a
necessary foundation for Self-driving
(which improves Quality-of-Life for some
but increases VMT) and Driverless (which
improves Quality-of-Life for all and
decreases VMT). Alain
September 23, 2016
Federal Automated Vehicles Policy: Accelerating the Next Revolution In Roadway Safety
September 2016, “Executive Summary…For DOT, the excitement around highly automated vehicles (HAVs) starts with safety. (p5)
…The development of advanced automated vehicle safety technologies, including fully self-driving cars, may prove to be the greatest personal transportation revolution since the popularization of the personal automobile nearly a century ago. (p5)
…The benefits don’t stop with safety. Innovations have the potential to transform personal mobility and open doors to people and communities. (p5)
…The remarkable speed with which increasingly complex HAVs are evolving challenges DOT to take new approaches that ensure these technologies are safely introduced (i.e., do not introduce significant new safety risks), provide safety benefits today, and achieve their full safety potential in the future. (p6) Hmmm…Fantastic statements and I appreciate that the fundamental basis and motivator is SAFETY. We all have recognized safety as a necessary condition that must be satisfied if this technology is to be successful. (unfortunately it is not a sufficient condition, (in a pure math context)). This policy statement appropriately reaffirms this necessary condition. Alain
“…we divide the task of facilitating the safe introduction and deployment (…defines “deployment” as the operation of an HAV by members of the public who are not the employees or agents of the designer, developer, or manufacturer of that HAV.) of HAVs into four sections:(p6) Hmmm…Perfect! Alain
“…1. Vehicle Performance Guidance for Automated Vehicles (p6)…“ Hmmm… 15 Points, more later. Alain
“…2. Model State Policy (p7) The Model State Policy confirms that States retain their traditional responsibilities…but… The shared objective is to ensure the establishment of a consistent national framework rather than a patchwork of incompatible laws…” Hmmm… Well done. Alain
“…3. NHTSA Current Regulatory Tools (p7) … This document provides instructions, practical guidance, and assistance to entities seeking to employ those tools. Furthermore, NHTSA has streamlined its review process and is committing to…” Hmmm… Excellent. Alain
“…4. New Tools and Authorities (p7)…The speed with which HAVs are advancing, combined with the complexity and novelty of these innovations, threatens to outpace the Agency’s conventional regulatory processes and capabilities. This challenge requires DOT to examine whether the way DOT has addressed safety for the last 50 years should be expanded to realize the safety potential of automated vehicles over the next 50 years. Therefore, this section identifies potential new tools, authorities and regulatory structures that could aid the safe and appropriately expeditious deployment of new technologies by enabling the Agency to be more nimble and flexible (p8)…“ Hmmm… Yes. Alain
“…Note on “Levels of Automation” There are multiple definitions for various levels of automation and for some time there has been need for standardization to aid clarity and consistency. Therefore, this Policy adopts the SAE International (SAE) definitions for levels of automation. ) Hmmm… I’m not sure this adds clarity because it does not deal directly with the difference between self-driving and driverless. While it might be implied in level 4 and level 5 that these vehicles can proceed with no one in the vehicle, it is not stated explicitly. That is unfortunate, because driverless freight delivery can’t be done without “driverless”; neither can mobility-on-demand be offered to the young, old, blind, inebriated, …without “driverless”. Vehicles can’t be “repositioned-empty” (which (I don’t mean to offend anyone) is the real value of a taxi driver today). So autonomousTaxis are impossible.
Also, these levels do not address Automated Emergency Braking (AEB) Systems and Automated Lane Keeping Systems which are the very first systems whose on-all-the-time performance must be perfected. These are the Safety Foundation of HAV (Highly Automated vehicles). I understand that the guidelines may assume that these systems are already perfect and that “20 manufacturer have committed” to have AEB on all new cars, but to date these systems really don’t work. In 12 mph IIHS test, few stop before hitting the target, and, as we may have seen with the Florida Tesla crash, the Level 2/3 AutoPilot may not have failed, but, instead, it was the “Phantom Level 1” AEB that is supposed to be on all the time. This is not acceptable. These AEB systems MUST get infinitely better now. It is a shame that AEBs were were not explicitly addressed in this document.
“…I. Vehicle Performance Guidance for Automated Vehicles (p11) A. Guidance: if a vehicle is compliant within the existing FMVSS regulatory framework and maintains a conventional vehicle design, there is currently no specific federal legal barrier to an HAV being offered for sale.(footnote 7) However, manufacturers and other entities designing new automated vehicle systems
are subject to NHTSA's defects, recall and
enforcement authority. (footnote 8) . and the "[15 Cross-cutting Areas of Guidance](http://www.nytimes.com/2016/09/21/technology/the-15-point-federal-checklist-for-self-driving-cars.html?_r=0)"
p17)
In sum this is a very good document and displays just how far DoT policy has come from promoting v2v, DSRC and centralized control, “connected”, focus to creating an environment focused on individual vehicles that responsibly take care of themselves. Kudos to Secretary Foxx for this 180 degree policy turn focused on safety. Once done correctly, the HAV will yield the early safety benefits that will stimulate continued improvements that, in turn, will yield the great mobility, environmental and quality-of-life benefits afforded by driverless mobility.
What are not addressed are commercial trucking and buses/mass transit. NHTSA is auto focused, so maybe FMCSA is preparing similar guidelines. FTA (Federal Transit Administration) seems nowhere in sight. Alain
August 28, 2016
Prepare to be Underwhelmed by 2021’s Autonomous Cars
August 19, 2016
Ford Promises Fleets of Driverless Cars Within Five Years
N. Boudette, Aug 16, “In the race to develop driverless cars, several automakers and technology companies are already testing vehicles that pilot themselves on public roads. And others have outlined plans to expand their development fleets over the next few years. At a news conference on Tuesday at the company’s research center in Palo Alto, Calif., Mark Fields, Ford’s chief executive, said the company planned to mass produce driverless cars and have them in commercial operation in a ride-hailing service by 2021….
"That means there's going to be no steering
wheel. There's going to be no gas pedal.
There's going to be no brake pedal,'' he said.
...." [Read mor](http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/17/business/ford-promises-fleets-of-driverless-cars-within-five-years.html?_r=0http://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/17/business/ford-promises-fleets-of-driverless-cars-within-five-years.html?_r=0)e Hmmm...This
is significant because it implies that
Ford, (or an entity under its control)
will operate and deliver on a day-to-day
basis MaaS (Mobility as a Service). In
other words it will both build/assemble
and operate mobility's "Cloud". The scale
economies of such a mobility "cloud" are
arguably much more substantial than that
of the data storage & computing
"cloud". Think about it! Alain
August 1, 2016
Mobileye Ends Partnership With Tesla
Lessons From the Tesla Crash
7 Crash
Hmmm…What we know now (and don’t know):
Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving
Chenyi Chen PhD Dissertation , “…the key part of the thesis, a direct perception approach is proposed to drive a car in a highway environment. In this approach, an input image is mapped to a small number of key perception indicators that directly relate to the affordance of a road/traffic state for driving…..” Read more Hmmm..FPO 10:00am, May 16 , 120 Sherrerd Hall, Establishing a foundation for image-based autonomous driving using DeepLearning Neural Networks trained in virtual environments. Very promising. Alain
Hearing focus of SF 2569 Autonomous vehicles task force establishment and demonstration project for people with disabilities
March 23 Hmmm… Watch the video of the Committee Meeting. The testimony is Excellent and very compelling! Also see Self-Driving Minnesota Alain
2016
U.S. DOT and IIHS announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles
2016
Motor Vehicle Deaths Increase by Largest Percent in 50 Years
2015
Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars
Video similar to part of Adam's Luncheon talk @
2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec
1. [Hmmm ... Watch Video](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/Videos/AdamJonas10T_MorganStanley.mp4) especially
at the 13:12 mark. Compelling; especially
after the 60 Minutes segment above! Also
see his [TipRanks](https://www.tipranks.com/analysts/adam-jonas).
Alain
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