2018-09-29

2018-09-29

New

                                                      New
                                                      41st edition of the 6th year of SmartDrivingCars
                                                      2018

FORGET UNIVERSAL BASIC INCOME. WE NEED UNIVERSAL BASIC MOBILITY

                                                      A. Roy, Sept
                                                      5, "...THE
                                                      ORIGIN OF
                                                      UNIVERSAL
                                                      BASIC MOBILITY
                                                      (UBM).   UBM
                                                      is inspired by
                                                      Universal
                                                      Basic Income
                                                      (UBI), which
                                                      has long been
                                                      debated as a
                                                      solution for a
                                                      variety of
                                                      societal
                                                      ills...

                                                      Freedom of
                                                      movement has
                                                      never been
                                                      accompanied
                                                      with a right
                                                      to mobility.
                                                      Governments
                                                      built
                                                      infrastructure,
                                                      but you still
                                                      had to buy
                                                      your own horse
                                                      or car. As
                                                      population
                                                      density rose
                                                      and traffic
                                                      worsened,
                                                      modern states
                                                      invested in
                                                      more roads,
                                                      more trolleys,
                                                      more buses and
                                                      more trains,
                                                      creating an
                                                      informal
                                                      mobility
                                                      compact
                                                      between
                                                      governments
                                                      and their
                                                      citizens — we
                                                      will provide
                                                      means of
                                                      transporting
                                                      you more
                                                      efficiently
                                                      than you can
                                                      transport
                                                      yourselves.
                                                      Unfortunately,
                                                      people move
                                                      and cities
                                                      grow faster
                                                      than
                                                      governments
                                                      can build, and
                                                      people will
                                                      solve
                                                      transportation
                                                      needs as they
                                                      see fit.
                                                      Hence, the
                                                      oldest cities
                                                      in the United
                                                      States are
                                                      dominated by
                                                      struggling
                                                      public transit
                                                      systems, and
                                                      the newest
                                                      ones are
                                                      choking on the
                                                      cars around
                                                      which they
                                                      grew....

                                                      Freedom of
                                                      movement is
                                                      limited
                                                      wherever the
                                                      government/citizen
                                                      mobility
                                                      compact is
                                                      stressed or
                                                      broken. We see
                                                      this "mobility
                                                      underclass" in
                                                      the public
                                                      transportation
                                                      deserts in and
                                                      around
                                                      numerous
                                                      cities. The
                                                      mobility
                                                      underclass has
                                                      few options;
                                                      if they can
                                                      afford a car,
                                                      they
                                                      contribute to
                                                      broader
                                                      traffic and
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      problems. If
                                                      they can't,
                                                      they are often
                                                      forced into
                                                      unregulated
                                                      private/shared
                                                      options below
                                                      the radar of
                                                      even the
                                                      largest and
                                                      most ambitious
                                                      transportation
                                                      network
                                                      start-ups.

                                                      A parent who
                                                      spends four
                                                      hours a day
                                                      commuting
                                                      means a child
                                                      deprived of
                                                      critical
                                                      family time, a
                                                      worker too
                                                      tired to be
                                                      effective, a
                                                      human being
                                                      without
                                                      downtime....

                                                      A growing
                                                      number of the
                                                      mobility
                                                      underclass are
                                                      falling into
                                                      "structural
                                                      immobility" —
                                                      the state in
                                                      which lack of
                                                      mobility
                                                      limits their
                                                      ability to
                                                      obtain and
                                                      keep jobs,
                                                      access basic
                                                      services,
                                                      contribute to
                                                      society or
                                                      maintain a
                                                      reasonable
                                                      quality of
                                                      life. The gap
                                                      between
                                                      freedom of
                                                      movement and
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility
                                                      options
                                                      creates a
                                                      self-perpetuating
                                                      system of
                                                      economic,
                                                      social and
                                                      emotional
                                                      loss,
                                                      depriving
                                                      society of
                                                      countless
                                                      productive
                                                      citizens..." [Read more](https://www.2025ad.com/latest/alex-roy-driverless-cars-universal-basic-mobility/) Hmmmm....
                                                      As you know I
                                                      love the
                                                      "elevator
                                                      analogy".  One
                                                      can argue that
                                                      Elevators
                                                      provide a high
                                                      level of UBM
                                                      in tall
                                                      buildings.
                                                      (The stairs
                                                      offer a very
                                                      low
                                                      (unacceptable
                                                      level) of UBM
                                                      (fine for a
                                                      couple of
                                                      floors, but
                                                      anything
                                                      higher is a
                                                      non-starter). Walking/(bicycles, electric skate boards) in cities are like the stairs.
                                                      Great for
                                                      short
                                                      distances
                                                      but... Up to
                                                      now the car
                                                      has been the
                                                      elevator.
                                                      Unfortunately
                                                      we've had to
                                                      own our own,
                                                      drive it
                                                      ourselves
                                                      because we
                                                      couldn't
                                                      afford a
                                                      chauffeur,
                                                      and only use
                                                      it for
                                                      ourselves
                                                      (never share
                                                      rides that
                                                      would leave a
                                                      car or a
                                                      couple of cars
                                                      at home
                                                      because we
                                                      didn't know
                                                      anyone else
                                                      had a similar
                                                      mobility need
                                                      for this trip
                                                      at this time).

                                                      Luckily in
                                                      buildings,
                                                      elevators are
                                                      not owned by
                                                      individuals
                                                      (except the
                                                      Donald).  They
                                                      are made
                                                      available by
                                                      the land
                                                      owners (owners
                                                      of the floors)
                                                      and made
                                                      available to
                                                      anyone 24/7 so
                                                      that the floor
                                                      owners can
                                                      collect rent
                                                      on the floors
                                                      that they
                                                      own.  The
                                                      elevators
                                                      provide high
                                                      quality UBM in
                                                      tall
                                                      buildings.

                                                      Horizontally,
                                                      aTaxis could
                                                      be offered and
                                                      operated just
                                                      like
                                                      elevators.
                                                      Often used by
                                                      single
                                                      individuals
                                                      simply because
                                                      no one else is
                                                      going up. But,
                                                      if the demand
                                                      warrants, the
                                                      elevator is
                                                      readily shared
                                                      by those going
                                                      in the same
                                                      direction
                                                      (same narrow
                                                      wedge) at
                                                      about the same
                                                      time.  Anyone
                                                      can use them
                                                      any time.  How
                                                      they are
                                                      priced/subsidized
                                                      is a public
                                                      policy
                                                      decision.  No
                                                      reason why
                                                      property
                                                      owners
                                                      wouldn't make
                                                      them be very
                                                      affordable
                                                      especially if
                                                      it gets people
                                                      to visit/use
                                                      their
                                                      facilities/land.
                                                      Thoughts???
                                                      Alain

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 59

F. Fishkin, Sept 28  “Basic Universal Mobility? Writer, editor, champion endurance driver and thought leader Alex Roy…joins Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for Episode 59 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. Plus…Alain’s take on Tesla and Elon Musk….Toyota…and more.. Tune in and subscribe!” Hmmmm…. Now you can just say “Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!” .  Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay. Alain

Real information every week. Lively discussions with the people who are shaping the future of SmartDrivingCars. Want to become a sustaining sponsor and help us grow the SmartDrivingCars newsletter and podcast? Contact Alain Kornhauser at alaink@princeton.edu! Alain

Seeing the world in autopilot, part deux

u/greentheonly, Sept 24, “… So we proceeded to gather a bunch of footage from volunteer cars around the world and certain metadata and then u/DamianXVI found ways to correlate some of the metadata with real world meanings and came up with code to paint internal autopilot state (the parts we understand) on top of camera footage (development firmware the unit came with did not include its own visualizer binary). So keep in mind our visualizations are not what Tesla devs see out of their car footage and we do not fully understand all the values either (though we have decent visibility into the system now as you can see). Since we don’t know anybody inside Tesla development, we don’t even know what sort of visual output their tools have.

                                                      Footage we
                                                      present has
                                                      been recorded
                                                      on firmware
                                                      18.34 from the
                                                      main camera.
                                                      The green fill
                                                      at the bottom
                                                      represents
                                                      "possible
                                                      driving
                                                      space", lines
                                                      denote various
                                                      detected lane
                                                      and road
                                                      boundaries
                                                      (colors
                                                      represent
                                                      different
                                                      types, actual
                                                      meaning is
                                                      unknown for
                                                      now). Various
                                                      objects
                                                      detected are
                                                      enumerated by
                                                      type and have
                                                      coordinates in
                                                      3D space and
                                                      depth
                                                      information
                                                      (also 2D
                                                      bounding box,
                                                      but we have
                                                      not identified
                                                      enough data
                                                      for a 3D one),
                                                      correlated
                                                      radar data (if
                                                      present) and
                                                      various other
                                                      properties..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.reddit.com/r/teslamotors/comments/9irh2a/seeing_the_world_in_autopilot_part_deux/) Hmmmm....

Look at the videos:  They are spectacular (in tech content) Crazy Paris streets; Paris highways Alain

SEC lawsuit seeks to force Musk out as Tesla CEO and board member

T. Lee, Sept 27, “The Securities and Exchange Commission has sued Tesla CEO Elon Musk over an August tweet he made claiming he had “funding secured” to take Tesla private at $420 per share. The SEC says that this and subsequent tweets were false and misleading—and therefore a violation of market-manipulation laws.

                                                      The stakes are
                                                      high. In
                                                      addition to
                                                      seeking
                                                      financial
                                                      penalties and
                                                      an injunction
                                                      against
                                                      similar tweets
                                                      in the future,
                                                      the SEC is
                                                      also seeking
                                                      that Musk "be
                                                      prohibited
                                                      from acting as
                                                      an officer or
                                                      director" of
                                                      companies that
                                                      issue shares
                                                      under Section
                                                      12 or Section
                                                      15(d) of
                                                      federal
                                                      securities
                                                      laws. Stephen
                                                      Diamond, a
                                                      securities law
                                                      expert at
                                                      Santa Clara
                                                      Law School,
                                                      tells Ars that
                                                      means Musk
                                                      would have to
                                                      step down as
                                                      Tesla's CEO
                                                      and give up
                                                      his board
                                                      seat..."  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2018/09/sec-sues-elon-musk-over-funding-secured-tweets/) Hmmmm....
                                                      But
                                                      it is well
                                                      known that
                                                      much of what
                                                      Elon says is
                                                      "false &
                                                      misleading" so
                                                      what's the
                                                      harm.  He
                                                      certainly is
                                                      inspiring.
                                                      See also [Tesla stock dives as SEC tries to force Elon Musk out of company leadership](http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-tesla-elon-musk-sec-20180928-story.html#nt=outfit)
                                                      Should
                                                      "shorters" be
                                                      banned for
                                                      encouraging
                                                      the SEC to
                                                      take this
                                                      action because
                                                      they know/knew
                                                      this would
                                                      allow them to
                                                      cover their
                                                      shorts???
                                                      Alain

JRC Science for Policy Report: CCAM in Europe

M. Sena, Oct 1, “THE EUROPEAN COMMISSION decided it was time to perform an in-depth investigation of the potential impacts of changes that have already occurred or are being proposed to road transport vehicles and the road infrastructure. Ve-hicles have been using mobile communications to deliver data and receive services for over two decades, but vehi-cle-to-vehicle communication and cooperative driving will greatly increase the number and types of applications that can be implemented. Increasing automation of the driving task has been promoted as a way to reduce the numbers of accidents and deaths on the roads, but there will be other impacts as well that need to be address. The JRC was tasked with “analyzing the value at stake for both the economy and society as a result of a transition towards CCAM in Europe. Twelve staff members of the JRC collab-orated in preparing the report: An analysis of possible so-cio-economic effects of a Cooperative, Connected and Automated Mobility (CCAM) in Europe: Effects of auto-mated driving on the economy, employment and skills…“  Read more  Hmmmm… I point you to Michael’s evaluation of this report in his latest Dispatcher which also includes the following excellent readings…

Where Are We Going with Our Road Infrastructure

Radical Chic: The Automotive Experience House

Agero, Inc.: An Automotive Call Center Case Study

Dispatch Central

Tesla will not, after all, delist itself from Nasdaq

Do we need continuous education for drivers

If I only had a chauffeur

Time to close your social media accounts?

Not yet ready to ring the stock market bell for Volvo Cars

Next Issue of The Dispatcher

5G: It’s Show Time

Tesla: “You don’t understand me.”

Musings of a Dispatcher: Car Collecting Fervor

Alain

This major European city wants to embrace autonomous cars

A. Frangoul, Sept 27, “…Wincentson was positive about what autonomous cars could bring to Gothenburg. “We think the benefits for the city will be safer and more secure transportation – the flow of traffic will be more even, smooth and efficient.” …“  Read more  Hmmmm… I t continues to amaze me that European “Planners” continue to view Autonomous (aka Driverless) cars from a “conventional consumer owned, operated and privately used” perspective rather than as an on-demand shared affordable public mobility machine that would greatly enhance mobility in their “transit deserts” and to the Mobility Disadvantaged. Maybe they think that their conventional public transit systems are so good that “Transit Deserts” and Mobility Disadvantaged Household only exist in America and not in Europe.  Yet why do so many Europeans buy and use cars when Transit is supposedly so great??? Gothenburg should look seriously at the opportunities for on-demand, 24/7, shared-ride autonomousTaxis to substantially enhance mobility to its Mobility Disadvantaged citizenry.  (I suspect Michael Sena will have a rebuttal in the November Dispatcher.) Alain

Two Tesla bulls say the company is wrong about one key part of its self-driving car strategy

Sept 26, “The most divisive element of its strаtegy, аrguаbly, is its refusаl to use lidаr sensors, whiсh emit pulses of light thаt bounсe off objeсts to determine where they’re loсаted, in its plаnned self-driving system. Lidаr sensors аre seen by Teslа’s high-profile сompetitors, like Wаymo, Generаl Motors, аnd Uber, аs а neсessity, but Tesla СEO Elon Musk hаs sаid they’re а “сrutсh,” аnd thаt Tesla саn build self-driving саrs using just саmerаs аnd rаdаrs….

Αdаm Jonаs, аn аuto аnаlyst аt Morgаn Stаnley who hаs а $299.02 priсe tаrget for the stoсk, sаid Tesla will most likely use lidаr within the next eight yeаrs.  “I would be surprised if, by the middle of the next deсаde, they did not hаve some form of lidаr on the саr,” he sаid…“  Read more  Hmmmm…. I don’t like to disagree with Adam, but “by the middle of the next decade”… Moore’s Law will have delivered such an improvement in compute power that improvements in image processing will substantially outpace the price reductions in LiDARs.  Even if Tesla goes with LiDAR now, they will have abandoned it by 2025.  We drive VERY well without LiDAR as long as we pay attention. The highway environment has been designed and built implicitly, if not explicitly, so as to enable us to drive safely using vision. Moreover, since our ability to drive would not be enhanced with “HD Maps” or “centimeter accuracy “, neither would Tesla’s AutoPilot. (Now I’m really going to get hate mail :-(). Alain

Viodi View – 09/29/18

K. Pyle, Sept 29, “The recent announcement from Babcock Ranch – the Florida planned community, which aspires to be an environmentally friendly and technologically advanced city of 50,000 people – regarding its pilot of an autonomous school bus hints at how automation will have an impact on almost all facets of life. It is difficult to see how the Babcock Ranch school bus example could be justified by cost-savings, as an on-board adult will still be needed to ensure the safety of the kids.

                                                      In rural
                                                      America,
                                                      however, the
                                                      on-board
                                                      adult's role
                                                      could
                                                      potentially
                                                      shift from
                                                      driver/safety-monitor
                                                      to tutor,
                                                      while the
                                                      student
                                                      experience
                                                      could change
                                                      from bus ride
                                                      to a kind of
                                                      mobile study
                                                      hall (e.g. see
                                                      this [ViodiTV interview](http://www.viodi.tv/2010/07/21/broadband-to-the-unserved/))...."
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2018/09/29/viodi-view-09-29-18/)
                                                      Hmmmm....   Great
                                                      idea, Ken.
                                                      Alain

Better Roadmarkings = Safer Roads

K. Pyle, “Sept 25, “We are looking at how we can take the technologies we have developed over many years for road signs and pavement markings and those kinds of humanly visible aspects of the roadway and how we can now address those towards the new drivers of the road; the automated vehicles, the autonomous vehicles,” states Andy Dubner, Business Leader of 3M’s Connected Roads Program. In the above interview filmed at ProspectSV’s 2018 Innovation and Impact Summit, Dubner explains how the goal of the program is to improve safety through better signage.

                                                      He indicates
                                                      that 3M is
                                                      looking at how
                                                      they can help
                                                      sensors, such
                                                      as cameras,
                                                      Radar and
                                                      Lidar, provide
                                                      supplemental
                                                      information
                                                      for the text
                                                      and graphics
                                                      seen by a
                                                      human
                                                      driver...."  [Read more](https://viodi.com/2018/09/25/better-roadmarkings-safer-roads/)  Hmmmm....
                                                      [See video](https://youtu.be/3n9I2C1LBWk).  Maybe... However,
                                                      the focus
                                                      needs to be
                                                      squarely on
                                                      making
                                                      markings and
                                                      signage for
                                                      humans first
                                                      and foremost
                                                      and then maybe
                                                      add a little
                                                      something
                                                      extra that is
                                                      inexpensive
                                                      that might
                                                      help sensors.
                                                      For example,
                                                      my friend [Howard Bell at Intelligent Materials](https://intelligentmaterial.com/)
                                                      has very interesting
                                                      ways to add
                                                      rare earth
                                                      crystals that
                                                      embed
                                                      information in
                                                      "paint".
                                                      Alain

Toyota’s Vision of Autonomous Cars Is Not Exactly Driverless

J. Lippert, Sept 19, “Toyota Motor Corp., the world’s most valuable automaker, with a market capitalization of $200 billion, is behind in the race to create the vehicles of a maybe-not-so-distant future. Just four years ago, Akio Toyoda, the company’s president, was saying his company would pursue self-driving vehicles only after one beat a human driver—for instance, him—in a marathon road race. He’s not saying that anymore, because Toyota has too much to lose.

                                                      If the company
                                                      fails to pick
                                                      up the pace,
                                                      Toyota could,
                                                      in one version
                                                      of the future,
                                                      face the
                                                      humiliation of
                                                      becoming a
                                                      mere steel-box
                                                      supplier to
                                                      upstarts such
                                                      as Waymo and
                                                      Baidu. Toyoda
                                                      himself has
                                                      singled out
                                                      tech companies
                                                      as "our new
                                                      rivals, with
                                                      speed many
                                                      times greater
                                                      than our own."
                                                      He added: "A
                                                      life-or-death
                                                      battle has
                                                      begun in a
                                                      world of
                                                      unknowns."...

Toyota Motor Corp., the world’s most valuable automaker, with a market capitalization of $200 billion, is behind in the race to create the vehicles of a maybe-not-so-distant future. Just four years ago, Akio Toyoda, the company’s president, was saying his company would pursue self-driving vehicles only after one beat a human driver—for instance, him—in a marathon road race. He’s not saying that anymore, because Toyota has too much to lose.

                                                      If the company
                                                      fails to pick
                                                      up the pace,
                                                      Toyota could,
                                                      in one version
                                                      of the future,
                                                      face the
                                                      humiliation of
                                                      becoming a
                                                      mere steel-box
                                                      supplier to
                                                      upstarts such
                                                      as Waymo and
                                                      Baidu. Toyoda
                                                      himself has
                                                      singled out
                                                      tech companies
                                                      as "our new
                                                      rivals, with
                                                      speed many
                                                      times greater
                                                      than our own."
                                                      He added: "A
                                                      life-or-death
                                                      battle has
                                                      begun in a
                                                      world of
                                                      unknowns."...

Toyota is seeking a middle ground with a system it calls Guardian, which would harness the machine-intelligence and sensor capabilities that make full self-driving theoretically possible and bundle them in vehicles designed for human drivers….” Read more  Hmmmm…. “not exactly ____ (fill in the blank), is NOT ____ !!! If the blank is filled with “Driverless”, that means Toyota sees itself continuing to sell cars for consumers to drive and NOT to fleet owners/managers to deliver mobility to the general public.  That is fine, but why invest in Uber?  Sure, you’ll sell some cars to gig workers, but that’s not what Uber really needs to compete with Waymo, GM/Cruise, Aptiv, …  Oh well, Uber got $500M on excellent terms.  Alain

Tesla achieves Model 3 production goal for record quarter with 2 days still to go

F. Lambert, Sept 28, “Tesla had quite the ambitious Model 3 production goal for this quarter and it was hard to believe it was achievable after months of delays. Now Electrek has learned that Tesla already achieved the goal for a new record production with two days still to go before the end of the quarter….

We have been tracking Tesla’s production in the past few weeks of this critical period as the company is attempting to become profitable….

                                                      According to a
                                                      reliable
                                                      source
                                                      familiar with
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      production,
                                                      the automaker
                                                      had a strong
                                                      week of
                                                      production and
                                                      managed to
                                                      bring the
                                                      total number
                                                      Model 3
                                                      produced to
                                                      over 51,000
                                                      vehicles...."
                                                      [Read more](https://electrek.co/2018/09/28/tesla-model-3-production-goal-achieved-record-quarter/)  Hmmmm....
                                                      This is a
                                                      substantial
                                                      achievement on
                                                      the road to
                                                      electrification
                                                      of cars.
                                                      Looking at [monthly year-over-year EV sales](https://insideevs.com/monthly-plug-in-sales-scorecard/)
                                                      in the US, one
                                                      sees the
                                                      "Model 3
                                                      effect" on
                                                      total sales
                                                      over the
                                                      spring and
                                                      summer
                                                      months.  This
                                                      level of
                                                      production is
                                                      equivalent to
                                                      the sum of the
                                                      sale of all
                                                      makes and
                                                      models
                                                      including
                                                      Prius Prime,
                                                      Model S, Model
                                                      X, Volt, Bolt,
                                                      Clarity, LEAF,
                                                      ....  While
                                                      late, very
                                                      impressive
                                                      that it was
                                                      achieved while
                                                      Tesla is still
                                                      alive and Elon
                                                      is still in
                                                      charge.  If
                                                      half of these
                                                      have
                                                      AutoPilot,
                                                      this may well
                                                      mean that the
                                                      same market
                                                      share
                                                      phenomenon
                                                      exists with
                                                      "Self-driving
                                                      Cars"
                                                      {Production/Sale
                                                      of
                                                      Model3/wAutoPilot
                                                      >
                                                      Sum{S/wAutoPilot,
                                                      X/wAutoPilot, CT6/wSuperCruise, Volvo/wIntellisafe, MB/w...}  ?!  It would be nice if someone compiled and
                                                      released
                                                      actual sale
                                                      figures for
                                                      cars with
                                                      these
                                                      features.
                                                      Alain

Elon Musk reportedly asks Tesla employees to test full self-driving version of Autopilot

                                                      S. O'Kane,
                                                      Sept 28, "The
                                                      version of
                                                      Autopilot that
                                                      Elon Musk has
                                                      long promised
                                                      would make
                                                      Tesla cars
                                                      capable of
                                                      driving
                                                      themselves is
                                                      reportedly
                                                      being handed
                                                      over to a
                                                      small group of
                                                      employees for
                                                      testing,
                                                      according to
                                                      an [internal email obtained by Bloomberg](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-28/tesla-enlists-employees-to-be-full-self-driving-beta-testers).
                                                      In the email,
                                                      Musk promised
                                                      there were
                                                      about 100
                                                      spots
                                                      available in
                                                      the testing
                                                      program, and
                                                      that he would
                                                      take
                                                      volunteers on
                                                      a "first come,
                                                      first served
                                                      basis."

                                                      Willing
                                                      employees have
                                                      to agree to
                                                      sharing "300
                                                      to 400 hours
                                                      of driving
                                                      feedback with
                                                      the company's
                                                      Autopilot team
                                                      by the end of
                                                      next year,"
                                                      according to
                                                      Bloomberg.
                                                      Musk is
                                                      apparently
                                                      offering a
                                                      sizable
                                                      kickback,
                                                      though —
                                                      workers who
                                                      sign up won't
                                                      have to pay
                                                      for the
                                                      supposedly
                                                      fully
                                                      self-driving
                                                      version of
                                                      Autopilot, or
                                                      for a premium
                                                      interior, if
                                                      they buy a new
                                                      car. In total,
                                                      these features
                                                      would normally
                                                      cost $13,000
                                                      combined...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2018/9/28/17915888/elon-musk-tesla-full-self-driving-autopilot-test-employees-email)  Hmmmm....
                                                      Even @ +$8k
                                                      & "[Corintian leather](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=Vsg97bxuJnc) @
                                                      $5k, this is
                                                      still
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      and requires
                                                      adult
                                                      supervision!!
                                                      It is NOT
                                                      Driverless!!!
                                                      But it will be
                                                      the best
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      available for
                                                      consumers to
                                                      purchase.
                                                      Alain

Ride-hailing increases vehicle miles traveled

M. Moore, Sept 27, “Ride-hailing accounts for an 83 percent increase in the miles cars travel for ride-hailing passengers in Denver’s metro area, according to a study published this week in the journal Transportation by researchers at the University of Colorado Denver.   …” Read more  Hmmmm…. I don’t contest the findings in Alejandro’s paper, A. Henao, W. Marshall, “The impact of ride-hailing on vehicle miles traveled”. In fact I find it an excellent paper and recommend it highly.  My take, though, is that the VMT implications of Ride-hailing are at least in part due to the operating practices of ride-hailing companies (They are not really dedicated to providing/properly-pricing/incentivizing shared-ride services and the potential conflicting objectives of providing good mobility and having happy drivers).  My point is that a both conventional-ride-hailing and fleet -managed-autonomousTaxis could provide high-quality on-demand mobility to many,  if not all, without increasing VMT.  To date, “not increasing VMT” has not really been part of Ride-hailing’s objectives or real interests. It certainly could and should be part of aTaxis’ “Common Carriage Obligation”. Alain

Softbank’s ARM unveils dedicated chip design for autonomous cars

E. Auchard, Sept 26, “Driverless car features are moving closer to mass-market production, with British chip designer ARM introducing the first in a new line of safety-hardened processors for building features such as automated collision avoidance into vehicles….” Read more  Hmmmm…. Hopefully this processor will enable Automated Emergency Braking (AEB) systems to substantially reduce their false alarm rates so that these systems are not disabled by the car makers or the car owners.  Alain

Axios Autonomous Vehicles

A, Snyder, Sept 21,” Welcome to Axios Autonomous Vehicles. As the global AV industry emerges and evolves, we’ll deliver news and expert analysis of the technology — including the hype around it — and its intersection with our daily lives.

                                                      Situational
                                                      awareness: I'm
                                                      steering this
                                                      newsletter
                                                      until our AV
                                                      correspondent
                                                      Joann Muller
                                                      arrives next
                                                      month. Think
                                                      of me as Level
                                                      1...." [Read more](https://www.axios.com/newsletters/axios-autonomous-vehicles-71be17cf-56a3-4b03-a01a-d316c634bad4.html?utm_source=newsletter&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=newsletter_axiosautonomousvehicles&stream=top)  Hmmmm....
                                                      It isn't funny
                                                      using "Levels"
                                                      and "...including
                                                      the hype
                                                      around it..."
                                                      is only a bad
                                                      joke, I
                                                      hope!!; else,
                                                      C'mon Man!
                                                      This is
                                                      serious
                                                      business with
                                                      serious
                                                      challenges and
                                                      opportunities
                                                      where hype is
                                                      simply not
                                                      helpful.
                                                      Whew!  Alain

### What Investors Need to Know About NIO, China’s Answer to Tesla

                                                      J. Rosevear,
                                                      Sept 24,
                                                      "Investors
                                                      have been
                                                      kicking the
                                                      tires of
                                                      Chinese
                                                      electric-vehicle
                                                      maker NIO,
                                                      Inc.
                                                      (NYSE:NIO)
                                                      since it went
                                                      public in the
                                                      U.S. on Sept.
                                                      12. The price
                                                      was near the
                                                      bottom of
                                                      NIO's
                                                      hoped-for
                                                      range, but it
                                                      was enough to
                                                      give the
                                                      Shanghai-based
                                                      company a
                                                      valuation of
                                                      about $6.4
                                                      billion...

                                                      Does NIO have
                                                      self-driving
                                                      technology?
                                                      It's working
                                                      on it. NIO's
                                                      vehicles
                                                      currently come
                                                      with a
                                                      proprietary
                                                      Level 2
                                                      advanced
                                                      driver-assist
                                                      system, called
                                                      NIO Pilot. The
                                                      system is
                                                      powered by
                                                      processors
                                                      supplied by
                                                      Intel
                                                      subsidiary
                                                      Mobileye. NIO
                                                      plans to add
                                                      new
                                                      functionality
                                                      to the system
                                                      over time, via
                                                      over-the-air
                                                      software
                                                      updates...

                                                      NIO's vehicles
                                                      also include
                                                      what the
                                                      company claims
                                                      is "China's
                                                      most advanced
                                                      in-car AI
                                                      connected
                                                      assistant,"
                                                      called NOMI."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.fool.com/investing/2018/09/24/what-investors-need-to-know-about-nio-chinas-answe.aspx)  Hmmmm....
                                                      It is a brave
                                                      new world when
                                                      "Self-driving
                                                      technology" is
                                                      a worthy
                                                      differentiator
                                                      and only
                                                      foolish hype
                                                      is around its
                                                      "AI connected
                                                      assistant"
                                                      whatever that
                                                      might be.
                                                      Alain

### The Case Against Driverless Cars

C. Neiger, Sept 28, “Autonomous vehicles aren’t widespread right now, but in the coming decades, they’ll be everywhere. By 2040, it’s estimated that more than 33 million driverless cars will be sold annually. That figure will represent 26% of all new vehicles sold globally that year, and it will be a massive increase from the 51,000 self-driving cars that are expected to be sold in 2021….”  Read more  Hmmmm…. Just a bad article because it doesn’t even realize the massive difference between Self-driving (which requires adult supervision) and Driverless (which doesn’t even have a steering wheel).  But assume that Neiger, as his title states, is writing about Driverless. 1st, Waymo has options to buy 20,000 Jaguars and 62,000 Pacificas that they can convert to Driverless. So the “2021” expectation is ???  Also, 33 million driverless cars are sufficient to provide the mobility for essentially every non-walking, non- rail-transit person trip made today in the USA (my estimate). 33M might be sold one year , say 2040, but far fewer will be sold in in the following couple of years, before or until many of those 33M will need to be replaced. Very few driverless cars will be sold to consumers in the 2040s. Essentially all will be built by/sold to fleet operators delivering on-demand mobility to almost everyone.  The purpose of this article is to get the reader to click through the adds and especially the “learn more” at the bottom. Please don’t. Alain

To Find China’s Best Driverless Technology, Look in Silicon Valley

                                                      D. Welch, Sept
                                                      24, "China's
                                                      homegrown
                                                      search giant,
                                                      much like its
                                                      U.S.
                                                      counterpart,
                                                      has a division
                                                      focused
                                                      entirely on
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles. And
                                                      just like its
                                                      rival,
                                                      Google-born
                                                      Waymo, both
                                                      efforts are
                                                      based in
                                                      Silicon
                                                      Valley.

                                                      It's not only
                                                      Baidu with a
                                                      toehold in
                                                      Northern
                                                      California.
                                                      China's
                                                      self-driving
                                                      startups are
                                                      sprouting
                                                      major R&D
                                                      outposts 6,000
                                                      miles from
                                                      Beijing.
                                                      China's
                                                      congested
                                                      megacities may
                                                      have a need
                                                      for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars, but the
                                                      expertise is
                                                      elsewhere.

                                                      Just ask
                                                      Pony.ai
                                                      founders James
                                                      Peng and
                                                      Tiancheng Lou.
                                                      When they
                                                      decided over a
                                                      drink in
                                                      Beijing three
                                                      years ago that
                                                      it was time to
                                                      leave Baidu's
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car unit, the
                                                      plan was
                                                      always to
                                                      start in
                                                      California.
                                                      "Silicon
                                                      Valley is
                                                      definitely the
                                                      place to be,"
                                                      Peng said in
                                                      an interview.
                                                      "That's where
                                                      all the talent
                                                      is. China has
                                                      a lot of raw
                                                      talent, but
                                                      with hardcore
                                                      artificial
                                                      intelligence,
                                                      it takes years
                                                      to build up.
                                                      China has work
                                                      to do."... "
                                                      [Read more](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2018-09-24/to-find-china-s-best-driverless-technology-look-in-silicon-valley)  Hmmmm....
                                                      No surprise.
                                                      Alain

###

Jobs

Half-baked

                                                      stuff that
                                                      probably
                                                      doesn't
                                                      deserve your
                                                      time

###

###

###

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

The end of the red light? Dashboard ‘virtual traffic light’ that lets cars talk to each other could slash commute times by 60%

M. Prigg, Sept. 25, “…Computer scientists at Carnegie Mellon University are working on a system that would replace conventional traffic lights with virtual ones – with stop and go signals appearing directly on the windshield or dashboard….’But what if cars could talk to each other, and manage traffic without infrastructure based traffic lights?’ … “  Read more  Hmmmm…. Wow, CMU is bent on finding any excuse for V2V.  Did this get better grade than a C?   C’mon CMU!! Alain

###

##

Calendar

                                                      of Upcoming
                                                      Events:

###

5th Symposium on

Autonomous & Connected vehiclesOctober 23-24, 2018

Brooklyn, NY

###

Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

evening May 14 through May 16, 2019

Catalog of Videos of Presentations @ 2nd Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar SummitPhotos from 2nd Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar SummitProgram & Links to slides from 2nd Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

###

##

Recent

                                                      PodCasts

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 58

F. Fishkin, Sept 22  “In this edition of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast, Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and co-host Fred Fishkin are joined by the founder of the Superbike School, Keith Code. Keith is an instructor, coach, author and researcher into motorcycle safety…and a champion racer. Beyond that….he’s an old high school friend of Alain’s! And there’s more on BMW, Apple, VW and more! . Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 57

F. Fishkin, Sept 14,  “Uber is investing bigger in self driving research in Toronto, while Apple grows its self driving test fleet in California. Join Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser along with Fred Fishkin for Episode 57 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. Also…the latest on Mercedes, Volvo, BMW and Nuro. Tune in and subscribe!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 56

F. Fishkin, Sept 7,  “Waymo and Tesla way out in front in autonomous technology.

                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      weighs in
                                                      along with
                                                      Fred Fishkin
                                                      Episode 56 of
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Cars
                                                      Podcast. Plus
                                                      the latest
                                                      from Amazon,
                                                      Aurora
                                                      Innovation,
                                                      Ouster, Jaguar
                                                      Landrover and
                                                      Fiat Chrysler.
                                                      Tune in and
                                                      subscribe!" [Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 55](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-55)

F. Fishkin, Sept 6,  “The coming new world of driverless cars! In Episode 55 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast former GM VP and adviser to Waymo Larry Burns chats with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and Fred Fishkin about his new book “Autonomy: The Quest to Build the Driverless Car and How it Will Reshape Our World”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 54

F. Fishkin, Aug 26,  “The impact of the Hitch service murders in China on ride sharing, Toyota’s investment in Uber and the issue of who controls data…are the focus of Episode 54 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. Co-hosts Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and Fred Fishkin are joined by The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 53

F. Fishkin, Aug 26,  “Ralph Nader weighs in when it comes to safety regulations for self driving vehicles…. but is his focus in the right place? Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser offers up his thoughts on that and more …from Zoox, to Waymo, Lyft and Drive.AI in Episode 53 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast with co-host Fred Fishkin. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 52

F. Fishkin, Aug 18,  “Uber’s future is linked to it’s ability to deploy self driving vehicles. That’s what Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser says in Episode 52 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast with co-host Fred Fishkin. Also…the latest from Ford, Tesla, Elon Musk, Kroger and more. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 51

F. Fishkin, Aug 11,  “Waymo worth 175 billion dollars before it starts charging for rides? Join Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for Episode 51 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast. And the latest on Uber and the battle with New York City, Olli shuttles off to Buffalo, Tesla and BMW.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 50

Aug 3, F. Fishkin, , “Drive.ai gets ready for self driving tests in Texas, Waymo partners with public transit, Tesla’s self driving chips and the latest on Uber and Lyft. All that and more in Episode 50 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast with Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 49

F. Fishkin, July 27, “When will we shift from buying cars to buying rides? In Episode 49 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast, entrepreneur, speaker and co-author of “The End of Driving: Transportation Systems and Public Policy Planning for Autonomous Vehicles” …Bern Grush joins co-hosts Alain Kornhauser of Princeton and Fred Fishkin. That along with the latest on Ford, Waymo, Uber and more.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 48 F. Fishkin, July 23, “What to make of Waymo as it passes 8 million miles of automated driving on public roads? Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser joins Fred Fishkin for Episode 48 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast. This week… Waymo, Zoox, Embark, Nvidia and new reports from Brookings.” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 47 F. Fishkin, July 14, “Self driving taxis from Mercedes? Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser says, “No thank you”. Why? Tune in as the faculty chair of autonomous vehicle engineering joins Fred Fishkin for that and much more in episode 47 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 45 F. Fishkin, June 15, “Waymo marks the first year of its early rider program. The news is good but Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser says it could be better. How? Tune in to Episode 45 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast for that and the latest on GM, Voyage, Ford and more “ Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 44 F. Fishkin, June 12, “What is the big mistake California is making in driverless vehicle testing? Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser says the key is to promote ride sharing. Join the professor and co-host Fred Fishkin for Episode 44 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast for more on that, Waymo, Tesla and more.

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 38 F. Fishkin, May 10, “The continuing Uber crash investigation, Waymo and Ohio rolls out the welcome mat for the testing of self driving cars. All that and more in Episode 38 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. This week Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin are joined by Bryant Walker Smith of the University of South Carolina and Stanford. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 34 F. Fishkin, Apr 13, “Should a brand new regulatory agency be formed to oversee self driving and driverless vehicles? Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser says yes in Episode 34 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast with co-host Fred Fishkin. Also…Uber’s CEO calls self driving vehicles are in the student driver phase….and Tesla feuds with the NTSB.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 33 F. Fishkin, Apr 4, “ Waymo is making it real! In Episode 33 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast, hosts Fred Fishkin and Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser are joined by Michael Sena, publisher of The Dispatcher newsletter. Take a deep dive into Waymo’s deals with Jaguar and talks with Honda.. Tesla, Volvo, Uber and Ambarella. And the Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit is coming up!         “

BMW Develops New Insurance Concept, Aims at Future of Car Insurance G. Nica, Sept 17, “With the BMW Group’s technical know-how and Swiss Re’s expertise as a reinsurer, an algorithm has been developed that is capable of representing the complex effects of driver assistance systems on the safety of BMW vehicles as a score. This score facilitates calculation of an individual vehicle-specific insurance premium….” Read more Hmmmm…. Wow, can this really be true.  I’ve been calling for this for at least 4 years.  Have they really “developed” the algorithm?? Hope they publish it.  I’d love to see it. To what extent does expected liability become independent of expected driver behavior?  How does improvement in “BMW vehicle score” correlate with both reduced insurance premiums and the incremental cost of the incremental Driver Assistance System.  What “Driver Assistance System” yields the Minimum { insuranceCost + incrementalCapitalizedSafetySystemCost} for each model??? Can’t wait to learn the details.  Hope it is not all smoke & mirrors. Alain

  Self-driving delivery startup Nuro releases its voluntary safety report Link2Report

A. Hawkins, Sept 13, “Nuro, the self-driving delivery startup founded by a pair of Google veterans, released its voluntary safety reporton Thursday. Titled “Delivering Safety,” the 33-page document outlines the technology and procedures Nuro is using to safely deploy its fleet of autonomous delivery robots.

                                                      Formed in
                                                      2016, [Nuro](https://nuro.ai/)
                                                      has set itself
                                                      apart from
                                                      other
                                                      companies that
                                                      are working on
                                                      self-driving
                                                      technology by
                                                      focusing on
                                                      delivery
                                                      rather than
                                                      ride-hailing.
                                                      The startup
                                                      recently
                                                      announced a [pilot delivery service in Arizona](https://www.theverge.com/2018/8/16/17693760/nuro-kroger-self-driving-delivery-scottsdale-arizona) in
                                                      partnership
                                                      with grocery
                                                      giant Kroger.
                                                      In its report,
                                                      Nuro touts
                                                      what it
                                                      believes are
                                                      its
                                                      competitive
                                                      advantages....

With no driver or passengers to worry about, our vehicle can be built to keep what’s outside even safer than what’s inside. It’s lighter, nimbler, and slower than a passenger car, and is equipped with state-of-the-art software and sensing capabilities that never get distracted. With its smaller size and manufacturing costs, we can make vehicles more rapidly. And because it’s electric and fully self-driving, our vehicle can deliver life’s needs at an affordable price….”  Read more Hmmmm…. And if Jeff Bezos is watching, watch out. Link to the report. Alain

 Self-Driving Cars Will Keep Getting Better Forever D. Silver, Sept. 4, “ Evans raises a particularly interesting question about autonomy: “what winner takes all effects apply?”

                                                      Waymo, which
                                                      recently
                                                      surpassed 9
                                                      million miles
                                                      driven
                                                      autonomously,
                                                      started
                                                      working on
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles in
                                                      2009, years
                                                      before many
                                                      current
                                                      competitors.
                                                      That head
                                                      start has
                                                      allowed them
                                                      to rack up far
                                                      more
                                                      autonomous
                                                      miles than
                                                      other
                                                      companies (the
                                                      next closest
                                                      program
                                                      appears to be
                                                      Uber's
                                                      now-paused
                                                      Advanced
                                                      Technology
                                                      Group, with 2
                                                      million
                                                      autonomous
                                                      miles)....

                                                      Similarly,
                                                      Tesla has sold
                                                      hundreds of
                                                      thousands of
                                                      Autopilot-enabled semi-autonomous cars. Collectively, Autopilot-enabled vehicles have
                                                      driven
                                                      approximately
                                                      1.5 billion
                                                      miles,
                                                      providing
                                                      Tesla with a
                                                      dataset no
                                                      other company
                                                      has.

                                                      With those
                                                      kinds of
                                                      leads, a
                                                      question
                                                      arises of
                                                      whether Waymo
                                                      and Tesla have
                                                      already won
                                                      the market?
                                                      ...." [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/davidsilver/2018/09/04/self-driving-cars-will-keep-getting-better-forever/#6a6a4801217d) Hmmmm....
                                                      Very good
                                                      question!!
                                                      What do you
                                                      think?  Alain

  Customers Died. Will That Be a Wake-Up Call for China’s Tech Scene? L. Yuan, Aug. 29. “Huang Jieli, who ran a Chinese ride-sharing business called Hitch, was invited to a wedding in March. One of her drivers was getting married to a woman who had once been his passenger. Thanks, the invitation said, for getting them hitched.  Didi Chuxing, Hitch’s corporate parent and one of the world’s most successful and valuable start-ups, once cheered these stories of young love. Like so many other Chinese internet companies, Didi explored all kinds of ways to bring in new users, including social networking.

                                                      So through
                                                      suggestive ads
                                                      hinting at
                                                      hookups
                                                      through
                                                      driving, Didi
                                                      pushed Hitch's
                                                      romantic
                                                      possibilities.
                                                      In a 2015
                                                      interview with
                                                      the Chinese
                                                      online portal
                                                      NetEase, Ms.
                                                      Huang compared
                                                      Hitch cars to
                                                      cafes and
                                                      bars. ...

                                                      In the
                                                      aftermath of
                                                      the two
                                                      assaults,
                                                      Chinese media
                                                      has uncovered
                                                      dozens of
                                                      others over
                                                      the years.
                                                      It also found
                                                      past
                                                      advertisements
                                                      for Hitch that
                                                      featured lewd
                                                      double
                                                      entendres and
                                                      other language
                                                      that could
                                                      suggest a
                                                      female
                                                      passenger
                                                      might welcome
                                                      an advance
                                                      from her male
                                                      driver.
                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2018/08/29/technology/china-didi-chuxing-women-killed.html) Hmmmm....
                                                      This is truly
                                                      UGLY!  Given
                                                      all of the
                                                      inter-personal
                                                      sensitivities
                                                      associated this

                                                      with business,
                                                      both now
                                                      with gig
                                                      drivers
                                                      and later with
                                                      efforts to
                                                      encourage
                                                      ride-sharing
                                                      in driverless
                                                      aTaxis, how
                                                      could such an
                                                      advertising
                                                      approach ever
                                                      see the light
                                                      of day at any
                                                      on-demand
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      company.
                                                      Aren't there
                                                      any adults at
                                                      DiDI?  It is
                                                      bad enough
                                                      that Uber
                                                      deliberately
                                                      tested its
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      cars in
                                                      domains
                                                      where/when
                                                      those cars had
                                                      their AEB
                                                      turned off.
                                                      It is way
                                                      worse to the
                                                      whole
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      mobility-as-a-service
                                                      business, when
                                                      one of its
                                                      shining stars
                                                      spends money
                                                      advertising in
                                                      such a way.
                                                      Ride-hailing
                                                      and
                                                      ride-sharing
                                                      are serious
                                                      businesses
                                                      that
                                                      absolutely
                                                      require
                                                      simultaneous
                                                      and complete
                                                      trust and
                                                      confidence
                                                      between what
                                                      are otherwise
                                                      complete
                                                      strangers.
                                                      Inspiring any
                                                      desire to
                                                      engender
                                                      "ChatRouletteness"
                                                      should and
                                                      will lead
                                                      directly to [Blockbuster](https://www.nytimes.com/2018/07/14/business/last-blockbuster-video-oregon.html).
                                                      This is really
                                                      UGLY!  Alain

  Waymo’s Big Ambitions Slowed by Tech Trouble A. Efrati, Aug 28, “HANDLER, Ariz.—Alphabet’s Waymo unit is a worldwide leader in autonomous vehicle development for suburban environments. It has said it would launch a driverless robo-taxi service to suburban Phoenix residents this year. Yet its self-driving minivan prototypes have trouble crossing the T-intersection closest to the company’s Phoenix-area headquarters here.

                                                      Two weeks ago,
                                                      Lisa Hargis,
                                                      an
                                                      administrative
                                                      assistant who
                                                      works at an
                                                      office a
                                                      stone's throw
                                                      from Waymo's
                                                      vehicle depot,
                                                      said she
                                                      nearly hit a
                                                      Waymo Chrysler
                                                      Pacifica
                                                      minivan
                                                      because it
                                                      stopped
                                                      abruptly while
                                                      making a right
                                                      turn at the
                                                      intersection.
                                                      "Go!" she
                                                      shouted
                                                      angrily, she
                                                      said, after
                                                      getting stuck
                                                      in the
                                                      intersection
                                                      midway through
                                                      her left turn.
                                                      Cars that had
                                                      been driving
                                                      behind the
                                                      Waymo van also
                                                      stopped. "I
                                                      was going to
                                                      murder
                                                      someone," she
                                                      said.

                                                      The hesitation
                                                      at the
                                                      intersection
                                                      is one of many
                                                      flaws evident
                                                      in Waymo's
                                                      technology,
                                                      say five
                                                      people with
                                                      direct
                                                      knowledge of
                                                      the issues in
                                                      Phoenix. More
                                                      than a dozen
                                                      local
                                                      residents who
                                                      frequently
                                                      encounter one
                                                      of the
                                                      hundreds of
                                                      Waymo test
                                                      vehicles
                                                      circulating in
                                                      the area
                                                      complained
                                                      about sudden
                                                      moves or
                                                      stops. The
                                                      company's
                                                      safety drivers—individuals who sit in the driver's seat—regularly have to take
                                                      control of the
                                                      wheel to avoid
                                                      a collision or
                                                      potentially
                                                      unsafe
                                                      situation, the
                                                      people
                                                      said....

                                                       In reality,
                                                      the vast
                                                      majority of
                                                      Waymo's test
                                                      cars continue
                                                      to use safety
                                                      drivers.
                                                      Typically, the
                                                      cars that
                                                      drive without
                                                      a person at
                                                      the wheel have
                                                      been in
                                                      relatively
                                                      small
                                                      residential
                                                      areas of
                                                      Chandler,
                                                      Ariz., where
                                                      there is
                                                      little
                                                      traffic,
                                                      according to
                                                      people
                                                      familiar with
                                                      the program.
                                                      And these
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      monitored
                                                      closely by
                                                      remote
                                                      operators that
                                                      can help the
                                                      cars when they
                                                      run into
                                                      issues. (Waymo
                                                      last week told
                                                      the Verge that
                                                      its first
                                                      driverless
                                                      taxis would
                                                      include a
                                                      "chaperone"
                                                      from Waymo who
                                                      would sit in
                                                      the
                                                      cars.)..."  [Read more](https://www.theinformation.com/articles/waymos-big-ambitions-slowed-by-tech-trouble?jwt=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhbGFpbmtAcHJpbmNldG9uLmVkdSIsImV4cCI6MTU2NzA0MjA2NiwibiI6IkFsYWluIEtvcm5oYXVzZXIiLCJzY29wZSI6WyJzaGFyZSJdfQ.ejgpq5onTwAK-r-lt4znaE6J-t9mg7V6RGPv0BY7nIE&unlock=dbcf3fa59ce34aa1) Hmmmm....
                                                      As I've been
                                                      saying, we are
                                                      still at the
                                                      very
                                                      beginning....
                                                      0.001 degrees
                                                      Kelvin.  Plus "others/non-users" will never like them.  Just this morning I honked at
                                                      the driver in
                                                      front of me
                                                      who passed up
                                                      a gap to make
                                                      an unprotected
                                                      left turn.  I
                                                      had to wait
                                                      for a whole
                                                      cycle!!  I
                                                      hate every car
                                                      that drives on
                                                      Cleveland Lane
                                                      in front of my
                                                      house.  I want
                                                      that street
                                                      all for
                                                      myself.   I
                                                      hate buses.  I
                                                      hate trucks.
                                                      I hate
                                                      everything and
                                                      everyone but
                                                      me.  This is
                                                      just human
                                                      nature.
                                                      Little respect
                                                      for others.
                                                      Heck, I'm the
                                                      only good
                                                      driver out
                                                      there. The
                                                      innuendos are
                                                      not
                                                      surprising.  We'll
                                                      just have to
                                                      grin and bear
                                                      them as we do
                                                      with all of
                                                      the
                                                      conventional
                                                      cars running
                                                      around out
                                                      there.

                                                      On a more
                                                      serious note,
                                                      this reality
                                                      demonstrates
                                                      that we may
                                                      need
                                                      regulation/legislation
                                                      that
                                                      explicitly
                                                      protects the
                                                      rights of
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars to share
                                                      the  public
                                                      road
                                                      infrastructure.
                                                      We do this for
                                                      bicycles,
                                                      motorcycles
                                                      and in a way
                                                      even for
                                                      trucks and
                                                      buses.  Also,
                                                      buses, and
                                                      other vehicles
                                                      today have
                                                      signs on their
                                                      backs that
                                                      state "This
                                                      vehicle stops
                                                      at all RR
                                                      crossings"
                                                      because it
                                                      differs from
                                                      normal car
                                                      behavior.
                                                      I suggest that
                                                      Waymo and all
                                                      that are
                                                      testing
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles on
                                                      city streets
                                                      place a sign
                                                      on the back of
                                                      each
                                                      vehicles:"This
                                                      Car Obeys All
                                                      Traffic Laws
                                                      and Rules.
                                                      You should too!

                                                      Alain

                                                      Augus26, 2018

The founder of $3.2 billion startup Zoox says that he was ousted as CEO ‘without a warning’ because ‘the board chose a path of fear’

T. Wolverton, Aug 22, “The CEO of Zoox has left in a management shake-up at the the high-profile, well-funded, and idiosyncratic self-driving car startup.

                                                      Zoox has
                                                      already
                                                      started
                                                      searching for
                                                      a replacement
                                                      for Tim
                                                      Kentley-Klay,
                                                      who cofounded
                                                      the Silicon
                                                      Valley-based
                                                      company, a
                                                      source close
                                                      to Zoox told
                                                      Business
                                                      Insider. In
                                                      the meantime,
                                                      it has named
                                                      board member
                                                      Carl Bass as
                                                      its executive
                                                      chairman and
                                                      cofounder
                                                      Jesse Levinson
                                                      as its
                                                      president, the
                                                      source said.
                                                      Bass is the
                                                      former CEO of
                                                      Autodesk.

                                                      Kentley-Klay
                                                      confirmed his
                                                      ouster in a
                                                      statement
                                                      posted on his
                                                      Twitter
                                                      account.
                                                      Zoox's board
                                                      fired him
                                                      "without a
                                                      warning, cause
                                                      or right of
                                                      reply," he
                                                      said in the
                                                      statement.
                                                      "Today was
                                                      Silicon Valley
                                                      up to its
                                                      worst tricks,"
                                                      he said.
                                                      "Rather than
                                                      working
                                                      through the
                                                      issues in an
                                                      epic startup
                                                      for the win,"
                                                      he continued,
                                                      "the board
                                                      chose a path
                                                      of fear,
                                                      optimizing for
                                                      a little money
                                                      in hand at the
                                                      expense of
                                                      profound
                                                      progress for
                                                      the universe."

                                                      Along with his
                                                      statement,
                                                      Kentley-Klay
                                                      posted a pair
                                                      of charts
                                                      comparing Zoox
                                                      to its chief
                                                      rivals —
                                                      Google spinoff
                                                      Waymo, Uber,
                                                      and GM-owned
                                                      Cruise. The
                                                      charts
                                                      essentially
                                                      assert that
                                                      Zoox has made
                                                      more progress
                                                      with its
                                                      technology for
                                                      less money
                                                      than its
                                                      rivals... A
                                                      native of
                                                      Australia,
                                                      Kentley-Klay
                                                      had no
                                                      background
                                                      automobile
                                                      engineering or
                                                      artificial
                                                      intelligence
                                                      before
                                                      starting Zoox,
                                                      according to a
                                                      recent
                                                      Bloomberg
                                                      profile.
                                                      Instead, he
                                                      had worked in
                                                      online
                                                      advertising.."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.businessinsider.com/zoox-ousts-ceo-tim-kentley-klay-2018-8?nr_email_referer=1&utm_source=Sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_content=10ThingsSAI&pt=385758&ct=Sailthru_BI_Newsletters&mt=8&utm_campaign=Post%20Blast%20%28sai%29:%2010%20things%20in%20tech%20you%20need%20to%20know%20today&utm_term=10%20Things%20In%20Tech%20You%20Need%20To%20Know%20-%20Engaged%2C%20Active%2C%20Passive%2C%20Disengaged)Hmmmm....
                                                      Must be trying
                                                      to protect its
                                                      $3.2B
                                                      valuation and
                                                      avert an
                                                      "Uberism" (a
                                                      single
                                                      valuation-changing
                                                      irresponsible
                                                      incident) .
                                                      Alain
                                                      August 18,
                                                      2018

  Uber’s Losses Mount at Self-Driving Car Unit A. Efrati, Aug 15, “Uber has been spending between $125 million and $200 million a quarter on its self-driving car unit over the past 18 months, The Information has learned, equivalent to between 15% and 30% of the company’s quarterly losses. The previously undisclosed spending highlights the financial burden that self-driving car development has imposed on Uber and why CEO Dara Khosrowshahi is under pressure to decide what to do about it.

                                                      Some investors
                                                      have told Uber
                                                      officials that
                                                      it may be wise
                                                      to divest the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car unit, said
                                                      a person
                                                      familiar with
                                                      the issue.
                                                      Uber has
                                                      invested least
                                                      $2 billion in
                                                      the unit over
                                                      the past three
                                                      years. Yet the
                                                      company hasn't
                                                      yet come up
                                                      with a clear
                                                      path to
                                                      commercializing
                                                      the technology
                                                      it has
                                                      developed.

                                                      The group's
                                                      quarterly cash
                                                      burn of $1
                                                      million to $2
                                                      million per
                                                      day has been
                                                      particularly
                                                      high during
                                                      quarters when
                                                      Uber paid for
                                                      expensive
                                                      hardware like
                                                      cars and
                                                      sensors that
                                                      are attached
                                                      to the cars,
                                                      said a person
                                                      with knowledge
                                                      of the data.
                                                      The company
                                                      has tried to
                                                      reduce some
                                                      expenses by
                                                      withdrawing
                                                      operations
                                                      from Arizona
                                                      and cutting a
                                                      development
                                                      effort for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      trucks.
                                                      Broadly,
                                                      though,
                                                      there's no
                                                      sign that the
                                                      unit's cash
                                                      needs will
                                                      meaningfully
                                                      come down. An
                                                      Uber
                                                      spokeswoman
                                                      did not have a
                                                      comment....

                                                      The argument
                                                      against
                                                      selling the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      unit would be
                                                      that Uber
                                                      needs to have
                                                      a way to
                                                      develop
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars if other
                                                      companies
                                                      won't partner
                                                      with it. Long
                                                      term,
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars could
                                                      help Uber's
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      network reduce
                                                      costs from not
                                                      having to
                                                      employ
                                                      drivers. If
                                                      Uber doesn't
                                                      develop the
                                                      cars itself,
                                                      it will need
                                                      to figure out
                                                      how to get
                                                      other car
                                                      developers to
                                                      agree to use
                                                      their vehicles
                                                      to pick up
                                                      Uber's
                                                      passengers...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.theinformation.com/articles/ubers-losses-mount-at-self-driving-car-unit?jwt=eyJhbGciOiJIUzI1NiJ9.eyJzdWIiOiJhbGFpbmtAcHJpbmNldG9uLmVkdSIsImV4cCI6MTU2NjA4NzU3MiwibiI6IkFsYWluIEtvcm5oYXVzZXIiLCJzY29wZSI6WyJzaGFyZSJdfQ.NGVWMEG_dL6ZBSWjvi378q9kH295P-j2xXbxGhdZWq0&unlock=b752f66dae5c2414)Hmmmm....
                                                      They are
                                                      really between
                                                      a rock and a
                                                      hard place.
                                                      They can't
                                                      really grow
                                                      without. If
                                                      someone else
                                                      is successful
                                                      at making it
                                                      work, they'll
                                                      operate it
                                                      themselves
                                                      rather than
                                                      license it
                                                      (Netflix
                                                      didn't license
                                                      its service to
                                                      Blockbuster).
                                                        With that
                                                      competition,
                                                      Uber's
                                                      valuation goes
                                                      to 10x
                                                      earnings which
                                                      is an ugly IPO
                                                      .  The only
                                                      upside rests
                                                      in Driverless,
                                                      so they can't
                                                      get out.
                                                      Alain
                                                      2018

  Why Waymo Is Worth A Staggering $175 Billion Even Before Launching Its Self-Driving Cars

                                                      A. Ohnsman,
                                                      Aug 7,
                                                      "Waymo,
                                                      Alphabet
                                                      Inc.'s multibillion-dollar self-driving vehicle bet hasn't yet launched
                                                      commercial
                                                      operations but
                                                      that's not
                                                      stopping
                                                      Morgan Stanley
                                                      from
                                                      predicting
                                                      massive
                                                      potential for
                                                      the company
                                                      that's emerged
                                                      as the leader
                                                      in the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      tech race.

                                                      A year after
                                                      his initial
                                                      estimate that
                                                      Waymo was
                                                      likely a $75
                                                      billion
                                                      startup,
                                                      Morgan Stanley
                                                      analyst Adam
                                                      Jonas raised
                                                      it to a
                                                      staggering
                                                      $175 billion,
                                                      citing greater
                                                      revenue
                                                      potential from
                                                      passenger ride
                                                      services and
                                                      licensing of
                                                      its tech. The
                                                      biggest source
                                                      of future
                                                      revenue,
                                                      however, is
                                                      likely to come
                                                      from
                                                      autonomous
                                                      trucking and
                                                      delivery
                                                      services,
                                                      which Jonas
                                                      thinks could
                                                      generate as
                                                      much as $90
                                                      billion....."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2018/08/07/why-waymo-is-worth-a-staggering-175-billion-even-before-launching-its-self-driving-cars/#a07c18bdd3a9)Hmmmm....
                                                      Wow, a year
                                                      ago some
                                                      thought Waymo
                                                      and Uber were
                                                      neck2neck in
                                                      the Driverless
                                                      horse race.
                                                      Waymo executed
                                                      its business
                                                      plan, had no
                                                      crashes and
                                                      went from $75B
                                                      to $175B.
                                                      Uber executed
                                                      its business
                                                      plan, had one
                                                      crash and went
                                                      from $73B to
                                                      ? (<$50B)
                                                      .  Just in
                                                      case you
                                                      thought safety
                                                      wasn't
                                                      important.
                                                      Just think, if
                                                      Waymo
                                                      continues on
                                                      its business
                                                      plan without
                                                      causing a
                                                      crash, it
                                                      means that
                                                      their
                                                      "driverless
                                                      suite" really
                                                      does work in
                                                      its expanding
                                                      geo-fenced
                                                      areas.  That
                                                      dynamic
                                                      evolution
                                                      suggests that
                                                      in September,
                                                      2020, there
                                                      will be
                                                      ~100,000 Waymo
                                                      aTaxis serving
                                                      ~5M trips a
                                                      day throughout
                                                      many medium
                                                      density areas
                                                      across a
                                                      substantial
                                                      part of the
                                                      USA.   And in
                                                      September 2022
                                                      there will
                                                      be...  (you
                                                      can do the
                                                      math...
                                                      Kornhauser's
                                                      Waymo Law..
                                                      10x every 2
                                                      years).
                                                      There is a
                                                      very big
                                                      "IF... &
                                                      WITHOUT", but
                                                      when the
                                                      "driverless
                                                      suite" works
                                                      (and it may
                                                      well be
                                                      working now,
                                                      since it
                                                      hasn't caused
                                                      a crash, but
                                                      Waymo hasn't
                                                      divulged "near
                                                      misses"..),
                                                      then the
                                                      probability
                                                      that the
                                                      "driverless
                                                      suite" causes
                                                      a crash is
                                                      really small
                                                      and there is
                                                      essentially
                                                      zero pushback
                                                      to delivering
                                                      what is an
                                                      almost
                                                      insatiable
                                                      demand for the
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility
                                                      services
                                                      afforded by
                                                      the"driverless
                                                      suite".
                                                      That's why it
                                                      is worth $175B
                                                      today ....
                                                      and
                                                      potentially
                                                      $500B in 2020.
                                                      (Boy this is
                                                      fun!!).  Alain
                                                      August 3, 2018

On the eve of a 6-month pilot, Drive.ai details its self-driving car plans

                                                      K. Wiggers,
                                                      July 30, "It's
                                                      been almost a
                                                      year since
                                                      Waymo, the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      division of
                                                      Google parent
                                                      Alphabet,
                                                      became the
                                                      first company
                                                      to operate
                                                      autonomous
                                                      cars on public
                                                      roads without
                                                      drivers behind
                                                      the wheel. Now
                                                      Drive.ai
                                                      intends to
                                                      follow suit.
                                                      This month,
                                                      the Silicon
                                                      Valley startup
                                                      will set loose
                                                      a fleet of
                                                      self-driving
                                                      Nissan NV200
                                                      vans in
                                                      Frisco, Texas.
                                                      They won't be
                                                      completely
                                                      autonomous —
                                                      a small army
                                                      of safety
                                                      drivers and
                                                      remote
                                                      operators will
                                                      ensure rides
                                                      go off without
                                                      a hitch. And
                                                      the vehicles
                                                      will be
                                                      contained in a
                                                      geofenced
                                                      area.

                                                      But Drive.ai's
                                                      six-month test
                                                      will be one of
                                                      the largest of
                                                      its kind so
                                                      far. When all
                                                      is said and
                                                      done, the
                                                      company hopes
                                                      to transport
                                                      over 10,000
                                                      people in its
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars.

                                                      Here's how
                                                      it'll do
                                                      it...." [Read more](https://venturebeat.com/2018/07/30/on-the-eve-of-a-6-month-pilot-drive-ai-details-its-self-driving-car-plans/https://venturebeat.com/2018/07/30/on-the-eve-of-a-6-month-pilot-drive-ai-details-its-self-driving-car-plans/)Hmmmm....
                                                      This shows the
                                                      amount of work
                                                      that needs to
                                                      be done just
                                                      to prepare for
                                                      Driverless
                                                      operation,
                                                      and this is
                                                      even before
                                                      one finally
                                                      operates
                                                      without an
                                                      "attendant".
                                                      This also
                                                      demonstrates
                                                      how far ahead
                                                      Waymo is from
                                                      anyone else.
                                                      Alain

Friday, July 27,  2018

Ford is taking on Waymo and GM’s Cruise by creating its own standalone self-driving division M. deBord, July 24, “… The division will be called Ford Autonomous Vehicles LLC and will be overseen by Sherif Marakby as CEO; Marakby had been a vice-president of Ford’s self-driving and electrified initiatives…. Ford CEO Jim Hackett said in a statement. “Now is the right time to consolidate our autonomous driving platform into one team to best position the business for the opportunities ahead.”

                                                      According to
                                                      Ford, the new
                                                      company will
                                                      be "structured
                                                      to take on
                                                      third-party
                                                      investment,"
                                                      an indication
                                                      that the
                                                      115-year-old
                                                      company is
                                                      paying close
                                                      attention to
                                                      the
                                                      competition....

                                                      General
                                                      Motor's Cruise
                                                      division
                                                      recently
                                                      announced a
                                                      $2.25-billion
                                                      investment
                                                      from Japan's
                                                      SoftBank,
                                                      which paired
                                                      with an
                                                      additional
                                                      $1.1-billion
                                                      investment
                                                      from GM gave
                                                      Cruise an
                                                      $11.5-billion
                                                      valuation. (GM
                                                      acquired
                                                      Cruise for a
                                                      total of
                                                      around $1
                                                      billion in
                                                      2016.)

                                                      Alphabet's
                                                      Waymo unit
                                                      (formerly the
                                                      Google Car
                                                      project) is
                                                      also heading
                                                      toward a
                                                      commercial
                                                      rollout in the
                                                      next 12
                                                      months,
                                                      launching a
                                                      fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      fleet of
                                                      vehicles in a
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      framework.
                                                      Standalone
                                                      valuations for
                                                      Waymo have
                                                      been estimated
                                                      at more than
                                                      $50 billion.
                                                      ...
                                                      not bad given
                                                      that they've
                                                      likely spent
                                                      less than
                                                      $1.5B to
                                                      create that
                                                      "valuation"
                                                      which is
                                                      likely to be
                                                      low.  Which
                                                      would you
                                                      prefer to own
                                                      for $50B, Uber
                                                      or Waymo?
                                                      Talk about a
                                                      no-brainer!..

                                                      The carmaker
                                                      said that Ford
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicles LLC
                                                      will include
                                                      an "ownership
                                                      stake in Argo
                                                      AI, the
                                                      company's
                                                      Pittsburgh-based
                                                      partner for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      system
                                                      development,"
                                                      in which the
                                                      company
                                                      "expects to
                                                      invest $4
                                                      billion in its
                                                      AV efforts
                                                      through 2023,
                                                      including its
                                                      $1 billion
                                                      investment in
                                                      Argo AI."j..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.businessinsider.com/ford-creates-self-driving-division-to-rival-gms-cruise-and-waymo-2018-7)Hmmmm....
                                                      Ford need this
                                                      since the
                                                      legacy piece
                                                      is focusing on
                                                      people who
                                                      want to "[haul stuff](https://www.cnbc.com/2018/04/30/ford-ceo-jim-hacketts-decision-to-dump-cars-may-prove-fatal.html)".  Alain
                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Monday,
                                                      July 23,  2018  [Transition To Autonomous Cars Will Take Longer Than You Think, Waymo CEO Tells Governors](https://www.forbes.com/sites/samabuelsamid/2018/07/20/waymo-ceo-tells-governors-av-time-will-be-longer-than-you-think/#34a8a9ced7da)
                                                      S. Abuelsamid,
                                                      July 20,
                                                      "Speaking in a
                                                      fireside chat
                                                      at the
                                                      National
                                                      Governors
                                                      Association
                                                      meeting
                                                      Friday, Waymo
                                                      CEO John
                                                      Krafcik told
                                                      the gathering
                                                      that the "time
                                                      period will be
                                                      longer than
                                                      you think" for
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles to be
                                                      everywhere..."everywhere"
                                                      makes the
                                                      statement
                                                      meaningless.
                                                      ...  ""There
                                                      are no
                                                      autonomous
                                                      systems
                                                      available,
                                                      zero on the
                                                      road today,"
                                                      said Krafcik.
                                                      "Anything you
                                                      can buy on the
                                                      road today is
                                                      a driver
                                                      assist system,
                                                      that means the
                                                      driver is
                                                      completely
                                                      responsible
                                                      for the car
                                                      and I think
                                                      there is so
                                                      much confusion
                                                      on that."...
                                                      Agree
                                                      100%!  "...What
                                                      Krafcik was
                                                      referring to
                                                      was some of
                                                      the issues
                                                      caused by
                                                      consumers
                                                      believing that
                                                      the assist
                                                      systems
                                                      currently on
                                                      the market are
                                                      more capable
                                                      than they
                                                      actually are,
                                                      ..." ...In
                                                      particular the
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking (AEB)
                                                      Systems on
                                                      those vehicles
                                                      and the
                                                      perception
                                                      that these
                                                      vehicles have
                                                      AEBs that are
                                                      actually
                                                      functioning
                                                      (which in many
                                                      cases they are
                                                      not
                                                      functioning)
                                                      while the lane
                                                      centering and
                                                      intelligent
                                                      cruise control
                                                      systems are
                                                      doing the
                                                      nominal
                                                      lateral and
                                                      longitudinal
                                                      control of the
                                                      car.   "...the
                                                      problem is not
                                                      unique to
                                                      Tesla. Systems
                                                      from Volvo,
                                                      Mercedes-Benz,
                                                      BMW and other
                                                      manufacturers
                                                      have similar
                                                      limitations.

                                                      ..."We humans
                                                      are becoming
                                                      used to some
                                                      of the
                                                      semi-autonomous
                                                      technology,
                                                      and I don't
                                                      like that term
                                                      that's on the
                                                      road, that's
                                                      driver assist
                                                      technology,"
                                                      added Krafcik.
                                                      We still have
                                                      to be
                                                      completely
                                                      alert and in
                                                      control of the
                                                      cars that were
                                                      driving every
                                                      minute, every
                                                      second that
                                                      we're on the
                                                      road
                                                      driving."...

                                                      Waymo's goal
                                                      is to replace
                                                      that sort of
                                                      technology
                                                      with systems
                                                      that don't
                                                      require any
                                                      human
                                                      supervision,
                                                      something that
                                                      the
                                                      company
                                                      decided
                                                      several years
                                                      ago was not a
                                                      viable
                                                      solution.
                                                      Instead, Waymo
                                                      plans to
                                                      launch its
                                                      automated ride
                                                      hailing
                                                      service
                                                      commercially
                                                      in the Phoenix
                                                      area later
                                                      this year and
                                                      gradually
                                                      expand to
                                                      other cities
                                                      as the
                                                      technology
                                                      continues to
                                                      mature and is
                                                      proven safe in
                                                      those
                                                      locations....Despite
                                                      the rapid
                                                      accumulation
                                                      of testing
                                                      miles, Krafcik
                                                      warned the
                                                      governors not
                                                      to end all of
                                                      their
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      investments
                                                      just yet....Widespread adoption in the millions of vehicles globally is
                                                      unlikely
                                                      before the
                                                      latter half of
                                                      the 2020s"  ...Given
                                                      that we are
                                                      just in the
                                                      hundreds of
                                                      vehicles
                                                      today, getting
                                                      to millions in
                                                      less than 10
                                                      years is
                                                      fairly
                                                      optimistic and
                                                      not "longer
                                                      than you
                                                      think".  A few
                                                      million in the
                                                      US would serve
                                                      about 100
                                                      million person
                                                      trips a day,
                                                      or more than
                                                      10% of total
                                                      personTrips,...more
                                                      than twice
                                                      that served by
                                                      all public
                                                      transit
                                                      today.  While
                                                      that's not
                                                      "everywhere",
                                                      everyone will
                                                      not be more
                                                      than one
                                                      person removed
                                                      from someone
                                                      who is using
                                                      aTaxis
                                                      everyday...

                                                      ".... Krafcik
                                                      was equally
                                                      non-committal
                                                      to Sandoval's
                                                      query about
                                                      when he might
                                                      be able to
                                                      purchase his
                                                      own car with
                                                      Waymo
                                                      technology.
                                                      While Waymo
                                                      and Fiat
                                                      Chrysler are
                                                      in talks about
                                                      utilizing this
                                                      virtual driver
                                                      system on cars
                                                      for retail
                                                      sale, Krafcik
                                                      said it's
                                                      going to be
                                                      some time yet.
                                                      The emphasis
                                                      for now is the
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      service,
                                                      trucking and
                                                      logistics and
                                                      working with
                                                      transit
                                                      authorities.
                                                      Supplying
                                                      systems for
                                                      personal use
                                                      cars is last
                                                      on the
                                                      timeline...."  [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/samabuelsamid/2018/07/20/waymo-ceo-tells-governors-av-time-will-be-longer-than-you-think/#34a8a9ced7da) Hmmmm....
                                                      Amen!!!
                                                      Driverless
                                                      cars are
                                                      mobility
                                                      providing
                                                      machines.
                                                      "Mothballing"
                                                      them by
                                                      selling them
                                                      to individuals
                                                      who will use
                                                      them "4% of
                                                      the day" has
                                                      to be last on
                                                      everybody's
                                                      time-line.
                                                      Plus those
                                                      individuals
                                                      are  likely to
                                                      be
                                                      uninterested
                                                      and incapable
                                                      of properly
                                                      maintaining
                                                      them so they
                                                      will become a
                                                      public
                                                      nuisance and
                                                      public
                                                      liability.
                                                      Alain
                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Saturday,
                                                      July 14,  2018 [MERCEDES WILL LAUNCH SELF-DRIVING TAXIS IN CALIFORNIA NEXT YEAR](https://www.wired.com/story/mercedes-will-launch-self-driving-taxis-in-california-next-year)
                                                      J. Stewart,
                                                      July 10,
                                                      "...Mercedes-Benz
                                                      parent company
                                                      Daimler took a
                                                      cautious step
                                                      into the swamp
                                                      stomp,
                                                      announcing
                                                      plans to
                                                      launch a
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car pilot
                                                      somewhere in
                                                      Silicon
                                                      Valley, next
                                                      year.

                                                      Daimler is
                                                      calling its
                                                      service an
                                                      "automated
                                                      shuttle," but
                                                      it's not
                                                      referring to
                                                      some blobby,
                                                      slow-moving
                                                      van. It's
                                                      going to start
                                                      out using a
                                                      fleet of
                                                      S-Class luxury
                                                      sedans and
                                                      B-Class
                                                      hatchbacks,
                                                      with long-term
                                                      plans for
                                                      vehicles
                                                      designed for
                                                      autonomous
                                                      driving, like
                                                      the F 015
                                                      "Luxury in
                                                      Motion"
                                                      concept it
                                                      showed off a
                                                      few years
                                                      back..."  [Read more](https://www.wired.com/story/mercedes-will-launch-self-driving-taxis-in-california-next-year) Hmmmm....
                                                      Daimler,
                                                      please
                                                      DON'T!!!! This
                                                      is such the
                                                      wrong concept
                                                      by the wrong
                                                      company.
                                                      Daimler is
                                                      singularly
                                                      focused on
                                                      1%ers and the
                                                      last thing
                                                      that 1%ers
                                                      need are
                                                      Driverless
                                                      aTaxis!  1%ers
                                                      already have
                                                      more personal
                                                      mobility than
                                                      they can throw
                                                      a stick at.
                                                      1%ers  can
                                                      easily afford
                                                      a
                                                      driver/attendant,
                                                      so they have
                                                      no need for
                                                      Driverless.
                                                      And one
                                                      suspects that
                                                      those who seek
                                                      elite modes of
                                                      transportation
                                                      will not be
                                                      the first to
                                                      share rides
                                                      with others. Daimler,
                                                      this isn't
                                                      your market.
                                                      Please stick
                                                      to the Safe-driving
                                                      and Self-Driving (with
                                                      adult
                                                      supervision)
                                                      worlds.  You
                                                      are doing a
                                                      great job with
                                                      those, but,
                                                      please,  don't
                                                      ruin the the
                                                      Driverless,
                                                      mobility-for-all
                                                      world with
                                                      your "F
                                                      015 "Luxury in
                                                      Motion"concept,
                                                      which reeks of
                                                      exclusivity.
                                                      Daimler's
                                                      proposed
                                                      design seems
                                                      fundamentally
                                                      focused on the
                                                      very few.
                                                      Driverless is
                                                      a
                                                      technological
                                                      opportunity to
                                                      provide
                                                      life-enhancing
                                                      mobility to
                                                      the many,
                                                      which is NOT
                                                      in Daimler's
                                                      DNA and
                                                      unfortunately
                                                      NOT is the
                                                      EU's DNA,
                                                      because
                                                      Daimler has
                                                      played such a
                                                      strong role in
                                                      the evolution
                                                      of the EU's
                                                      perspective on
                                                      AV
                                                      technology.
                                                      Driverless
                                                      must focus on
                                                      shared-riding
                                                      whenever
                                                      practical,
                                                      else it will
                                                      fail.  So
                                                      please,
                                                      Daimler, stay
                                                      away for
                                                      now.  Alain
                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Saturday,
                                                      June 30,  2018

###

Uber car’s ‘safety’ driver streamed TV show before fatal crash: police H. Somerville, June 22, “The safety driver behind the wheel of a self-driving Uber car in Tempe, Arizona, was streaming a television show on her phone until about the time of a fatal crash, according to a police report that deemed the March 18 incident “entirely avoidable.” …The report said police concluded the crash, which has dealt Uber Technologies Inc a major setback in its efforts to develop self-driving cars, would have been “entirely avoidable” if Vasquez had been paying attention.

                                                      Vasquez could
                                                      face charges
                                                      of vehicular
                                                      manslaughter,
                                                      according to
                                                      the report,
                                                      which was
                                                      released late
                                                      on Thursday in
                                                      response to a
                                                      public records
                                                      request....

                                                      Police
                                                      obtained
                                                      records from
                                                      Hulu, an
                                                      online service
                                                      for streaming
                                                      TV shows and
                                                      movies, which
                                                      showed
                                                      Vasquez's
                                                      account was
                                                      playing the TV
                                                      talent show
                                                      "The Voice"
                                                      for about 42
                                                      minutes on the
                                                      night of the
                                                      crash, ending
                                                      at 9:59 p.m.,
                                                      which
                                                      "coincides
                                                      with the
                                                      approximate
                                                      time of the
                                                      collision,"
                                                      the report
                                                      said."  [Read more](https://www.reuters.com/article/us-uber-selfdriving-crash/uber-driver-was-streaming-hulu-show-just-before-self-driving-car-crash-police-report-idUSKBN1JI0LB) Hmmmm....
                                                      This doesn't
                                                      absolve Uber.
                                                      Uber's
                                                      interest in
                                                      Automated
                                                      Vehicles is
                                                      confined to
                                                      the
                                                      "Driverless"
                                                      variety.
                                                      Those that can
                                                      deliver
                                                      mobility
                                                      services
                                                      without a
                                                      driver.
                                                      Technology
                                                      that requires
                                                      human
                                                      supervision,
                                                      such as a
                                                      "Self-driving"
                                                      car, is of no
                                                      value to
                                                      Uber.  What
                                                      limits Uber is
                                                      the number of
                                                      competent
                                                      drivers that
                                                      it can engage.
                                                        Driverless
                                                      technology
                                                      enables Uber
                                                      to grow beyond
                                                      being a niche
                                                      business
                                                      serving 1% of
                                                      person trips
                                                      to being a
                                                      dominant
                                                      service
                                                      providing
                                                      mobility to
                                                      greater than
                                                      10% of person
                                                      trips.  Only
                                                      Driverless
                                                      will enable
                                                      then to
                                                      reliably and
                                                      effectively
                                                      provide that
                                                      amount of
                                                      mobility.  So
                                                      why was Uber
                                                      testing a
                                                      technology
                                                      that, by
                                                      design in that
                                                      domain
                                                      (traveling
                                                      greater than
                                                      30 mph)
                                                      requires a
                                                      human
                                                      attendant/driver
                                                      because the
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking (AEB)
                                                      system is, by
                                                      design, turned
                                                      off
                                                      (disregarded)
                                                      at speeds
                                                      greater than
                                                      30mph.  With
                                                      the AEB turned
                                                      off, the last
                                                      line of
                                                      defense
                                                      against a
                                                      crash is a
                                                      driver.  Thus
                                                      a driver is
                                                      required and
                                                      that domain
                                                      has no value
                                                      to Uber.  Uber
                                                      had no  reason
                                                      to be testing
                                                      on public
                                                      street,
                                                      outside of its
                                                      "Drivereless"
                                                      design domain
                                                      and thus was
                                                      reckless and
                                                      they probably
                                                      failed to
                                                      adequately
                                                      inform its
                                                      drivers to
                                                      remain
                                                      especially
                                                      alert when
                                                      testing in
                                                      domains where
                                                      its technology
                                                      is, by design,
                                                      incapable of
                                                      providing
                                                      Driverless
                                                      operation.
                                                      Alain
                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Friday,
                                                      June 15,  2018

  Waymo’s early rider program, one year in Waymo team, June 13, “Ariel rides after school. Neha hops to the grocery store. Barbara and Jim zip around town while kicking back.

                                                      They're all
                                                      part of the
                                                      Waymo early
                                                      rider program
                                                      we launched
                                                      last April.
                                                      Today, over
                                                      400 riders
                                                      with diverse
                                                      backgrounds
                                                      use Waymo
                                                      every day, at
                                                      any time, to
                                                      ride all
                                                      around the
                                                      Phoenix area.
                                                      Their feedback
                                                      helps us
                                                      understand how
                                                      fully self
                                                      driving cars
                                                      fit into their
                                                      daily lives.

                                                      One year in,
                                                      our early
                                                      rider program
                                                      and our
                                                      extensive
                                                      on-road
                                                      testing is
                                                      helping us
                                                      build the
                                                      world's most
                                                      experienced
                                                      driver. In
                                                      fact, our
                                                      fleet of cars
                                                      across the
                                                      U.S. is now
                                                      driving more
                                                      than 24,000
                                                      miles daily;
                                                      that's the
                                                      equivalent of
                                                      an around the
                                                      world road
                                                      trip! Here's a
                                                      quick report
                                                      on how our
                                                      riders use
                                                      Waymo, what
                                                      we've learned,
                                                      and what's
                                                      next....As
                                                      some of the
                                                      first people
                                                      in the world
                                                      to use
                                                      self-driving
                                                      vehicles for
                                                      their everyday
                                                      transportation
                                                      needs, our
                                                      early riders
                                                      are helping
                                                      shape this
                                                      technology.
                                                      Thanks to
                                                      their
                                                      feedback,
                                                      we're refining
                                                      the rider
                                                      experience to
                                                      make sure
                                                      that: ...
                                                      nobody wants
                                                      to carry
                                                      grocery bags a
                                                      block down the
                                                      street... "  [Read more](https://medium.com/waymo/waymos-early-rider-program-one-year-in-3a788f995a9c) Hmmmm....
                                                      Yipes!!  The
                                                      personal car
                                                      isn't bad
                                                      enough in its
                                                      focus on
                                                      private
                                                      single-occupant parkingSpot2parkingSpot mobility? Are we now going to have Waymo
                                                      providing it
                                                      Door2Door with
                                                      zero
                                                      opportunity to
                                                      share rides
                                                      and while
                                                      delivering
                                                      negative
                                                      public
                                                      benefits of
                                                      increased
                                                      energy,
                                                      pollution and
                                                      congestion
                                                      with all of
                                                      its empty
                                                      vehicle
                                                      repositioning.
                                                      No wonder the
                                                      CPUC voted to
                                                      forbid
                                                      ride-sharing.
                                                      Did Waymo made
                                                      them do it
                                                      since Waymo
                                                      hasn't done
                                                      ride-sharing
                                                      in Phoenix?
                                                      Having 2 or
                                                      more people in
                                                      the car isn't
                                                      ride sharing
                                                      if they would
                                                      have all gone
                                                      together in
                                                      their own car
                                                      had Waymo not
                                                      been there.  So
                                                      Bad!!!  Without
                                                      ride-sharing,
                                                      this is just
                                                      expensive,
                                                      energy
                                                      inefficient
                                                      and
                                                      environmentally
                                                      challenged
                                                      private
                                                      chauffeuring
                                                      for the
                                                      entitled
                                                      privileged
                                                      class:
                                                      [See video](https://youtu.be/3HrN12WG-2Q) Just
                                                      like watching
                                                      [Oszzie & Harriet](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=0OulA-4zii8)
                                                      or [Leave it to Beaver](https://archive.org/details/leave.it.to.beaver.complete.series).
                                                      For Waymo to
                                                      "Win it",
                                                      they'll need
                                                      to embrace
                                                      ride-sharing
                                                      because no
                                                      "Blue-state"
                                                      PUC is going
                                                      to be as
                                                      impressionable
                                                      as as
                                                      California's.
                                                      Alain

                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Tuesday,
                                                      June 12,  2018  [CPUC AUTHORIZES PASSENGER CARRIERS TO PROVIDE FREE TEST RIDES IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES WITH VALID CPUC AND DMV PERMITS](http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M215/K467/215467801.PDF)
                                                      Press Release,
                                                      May 31,
                                                      "...Today's
                                                      decision also
                                                      allows TCP
                                                      permit-holders
                                                      that hold a
                                                      "DMV
                                                      Manufacturer's
                                                      Testing Permit
                                                      – Driverless
                                                      Vehicles" to
                                                      operate
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles without
                                                      a driver
                                                      in the
                                                      vehicle,
                                                      subject to
                                                      certain
                                                      restrictions.
                                                      Authorization
                                                      to provide
                                                      this service
                                                      is available
                                                      only to TCP
                                                      permit-holders
                                                      with driverless
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles that
                                                      have been in
                                                      DMV-permitted
                                                      driverless
                                                      operation
                                                      on California
                                                      roads for a
                                                      minimum of 30
                                                      days. Entities
                                                      seeking to
                                                      participate in
                                                      the pilot
                                                      program are
                                                      not allowed to
                                                      operate from
                                                      or within
                                                      airports; must
                                                      limit the use
                                                      of the vehicle
                                                      to one
                                                      chartering
                                                      party at any
                                                      given time (i.e.,
                                                      fare-splitting
                                                      is not
                                                      permitted);
                                                      must ensure
                                                      that the
                                                      service can
                                                      only be
                                                      chartered by
                                                      adults 18
                                                      years and
                                                      older; and may
                                                      not accept
                                                      monetary
                                                      compensation
                                                      for the ride.
                                                      Participants
                                                      are also
                                                      required to
                                                      continuously
                                                      comply with
                                                      all DMV
                                                      regulations,
                                                      and to report
                                                      certain data
                                                      to the CPUC on
                                                      a quarterly
                                                      basis that
                                                      will be
                                                      publicly
                                                      available...."
                                                      [Read more](http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M215/K467/215467801.PDF)  Hmmmm.....Good
                                                      News:
                                                      Able to serve
                                                      customers with autonomousTaxis.  Bad news: Not able to Share Rides.
                                                      (This is
                                                      really bad
                                                      news because
                                                      having the
                                                      public
                                                      oversight body
                                                      focus
                                                      Driverless
                                                      serving single
                                                      occupants
                                                      thereby making
                                                      even worse the
                                                      fundamental
                                                      problem of the
                                                      personal auto
                                                      is simply REALLY
                                                      BAD!.
                                                      Their
                                                      opportunity is
                                                      to encourage
                                                      ride-sharing
                                                      whenever
                                                      possible so as
                                                      to alleviate
                                                      congestion and
                                                      reduce energy
                                                      and
                                                      pollution.
                                                      C'mon CPUC!!
                                                      The fact that
                                                      the rides are
                                                      free is
                                                      largely
                                                      irrelevant at
                                                      this time,
                                                      except as,
                                                      once again, a
                                                      subsidy to the
                                                      1%ers who are
                                                      a
                                                      disproportionate
                                                      element of the
                                                      early adopters
                                                      that are
                                                      likely to hail
                                                      this service.
                                                      Alain
                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Friday,
                                                      June 8,  2018

Tesla Model X on Autopilot sped up seconds before deadly crash in Silicon Valley, report says R. Mitchell, June 7, “Three seconds before a Tesla Model X on Autopilot slammed into a concrete barrier in March in Silicon Valley, killing the driver, the car sped up, the brakes were not applied, and there was no evasive action.

                                                      Those findings
                                                      were disclosed
                                                      Thursday in a[preliminary report from the NTSB](https://www.ntsb.gov/investigations/AccidentReports/Pages/HWY18FH011-preliminary.aspx)
                                                      on the Highway
                                                      101 crash that
                                                      took the life
                                                      of Walter
                                                      Huang, a
                                                      38-year-old
                                                      software
                                                      engineer at
                                                      Apple. ...

                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      head of the
                                                      autonomous car
                                                      engineering
                                                      program at
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University,
                                                      said the NTSB
                                                      and Tesla have
                                                      plenty of
                                                      questions left
                                                      to answer....[Read more](http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-tesla-autopilot-death-report-20180607-story.html)  Hmmmm.....Just
                                                      a couple of
                                                      things:

1. “ …for the last 6 seconds prior to the crash, the vehicle did not detect the driver’s hands on the steering

                                                      wheel."  Was
                                                      the driver's
                                                      hands on the
                                                      wheel during
                                                      the 7th second
                                                      prior to the
                                                      crash and did
                                                      his hands
                                                      over-ride the
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      steering
                                                      command in any
                                                      way?  Did they
                                                      initiate the
                                                      "left steering
                                                      movement".  If
                                                      not, what
                                                      initiated that
                                                      steering
                                                      movement"?
                                                      What was the
                                                      exact
                                                      longitudinal
                                                      and lateral
                                                      positions of
                                                      the car 8
                                                      seconds before
                                                      the crash, 7
                                                      seconds before
                                                      the crash, 6
                                                      seconds before
                                                      the crash,
                                                      ...?

                                                      2.  During the
                                                      7th, 6th, 5th
                                                      and 4th second
                                                      before the
                                                      crash how did
                                                      the Tesla's
                                                      lateral
                                                      positioning
                                                      vary relative
                                                      the the
                                                      lateral
                                                      position of
                                                      the lead car?

                                                      3.  During the
                                                      last 3 seconds
                                                      prior to the
                                                      crash, did any
                                                      of the sensors
                                                      detect an
                                                      object ahead?
                                                      If yes, what
                                                      closing speed
                                                      (or
                                                      "stationary
                                                      world
                                                      coordinate"
                                                      speed) was
                                                      assigned to
                                                      that object?

                                                      4.  Does Tesla
                                                      employ
                                                      different
                                                      lateral
                                                      control logic
                                                      if the Tesla
                                                      is following a
                                                      car ahead
                                                      rather than
                                                      simply
                                                      "staying
                                                      between two
                                                      road lane
                                                      markings?  To
                                                      what extent
                                                      does it
                                                      continue to
                                                      follow the car
                                                      ahead if the
                                                      car ahead
                                                      begins to
                                                      cross a lane
                                                      marking?

                                                      5 .  Which
                                                      lane did the
                                                      lead car take
                                                      at the fork(
                                                      left or
                                                      right)?  (NHTS
                                                      should provide
                                                      a Plan View of
                                                      the crash
                                                      location).

                                                      6.  Why did
                                                      the CA Highway
                                                      Department not
                                                      replace/repair
                                                      the attenuator
                                                      in less than
                                                      11 days (or in
                                                      the time
                                                      between March
                                                      12 and March
                                                      23).

                                                      7.  Why isn't
                                                      the area
                                                      stripped
                                                      (cross
                                                      hatched)
                                                      leading up to
                                                      the barrier
                                                      and inside the
                                                      point lines.
                                                      No car should
                                                      ever stop
                                                      there,
                                                      correct???
                                                      Alain
                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Sunday,
                                                      June 3,  2018

                                                      [SOFTBANK FLIPS THE VENTURE-CAPITAL SCRIPT AGAIN WITH GM DEAL](https://www.wired.com/story/softbank-flips-venture-capital-script-gm-deal/)

                                                      E. Griffith,
                                                      May 31,
                                                      "GENERAL
                                                      MOTORS, THE
                                                      10th-largest
                                                      company by
                                                      revenue in the
                                                      US, is eager
                                                      to lay the
                                                      groundwork for
                                                      future growth
                                                      by developing
                                                      self-driving
                                                      technology.
                                                      But its
                                                      shareholders
                                                      are dubious of
                                                      too much
                                                      spending as
                                                      revenue
                                                      declines—it
                                                      fell 5.5
                                                      percent last
                                                      year.

                                                      Japanese
                                                      conglomerate
                                                      SoftBank has
                                                      the opposite
                                                      problem: a
                                                      giant pile of
                                                      cash but not
                                                      enough
                                                      opportunities
                                                      to spend it.
                                                      The company's
                                                      Vision Fund
                                                      does not make
                                                      investments
                                                      smaller than
                                                      $100 million,
                                                      and there are
                                                      only so many
                                                      startups
                                                      worthy of such
                                                      a large check.
                                                      That's why the
                                                      firm has taken
                                                      a loose
                                                      interpretation
                                                      of its artificial-intelligence-focused investment thesis, including aspects of
                                                      human needs
                                                      that won't be
                                                      replaced by
                                                      technology.

                                                      It also helps
                                                      explain
                                                      SoftBank's
                                                      $2.25 billion
                                                      investment in
                                                      GM's
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car unit,
                                                      Cruise,
                                                      announced
                                                      Thursday. The
                                                      move further
                                                      complicates
                                                      the tangled
                                                      web of
                                                      connections
                                                      among
                                                      startups,
                                                      automakers,
                                                      big tech
                                                      companies, and
                                                      venture
                                                      investors
                                                      angling for a
                                                      piece of the
                                                      market for
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles—a
                                                      market that
                                                      doesn't yet
                                                      exist but is
                                                      expected one
                                                      day to
                                                      generate
                                                      trillions of
                                                      dollars in
                                                      revenue.

                                                      The
                                                      overlapping
                                                      investments
                                                      and alliances
                                                      have become so
                                                      prevalent that
                                                      they border on
                                                      conflicts. And
                                                      SoftBank sits
                                                      at the center.

                                                      To wit:
                                                      SoftBank
                                                      invested in
                                                      Uber after it
                                                      had already
                                                      backed Uber
                                                      competitors in
                                                      India (Ola),
                                                      Singapore
                                                      (Grab), Brazil
                                                      (99), and
                                                      China (Didi).
                                                      Didi, which
                                                      also invested
                                                      in Ola, Grab,
                                                      99, and Lyft,
                                                      eventually
                                                      merged with
                                                      Uber's China
                                                      business. Uber
                                                      continues to
                                                      compete with
                                                      Ola in India
                                                      and 99 (which
                                                      Didi acquired)
                                                      in Brazil.
                                                      Meanwhile
                                                      SoftBank's
                                                      Vision Fund
                                                      has taken
                                                      investment
                                                      from Apple,
                                                      which has its
                                                      own autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      program, and
                                                      Uber has taken
                                                      investment
                                                      from the
                                                      venture arm of
                                                      Alphabet,
                                                      owner of
                                                      autonomous
                                                      competitor
                                                      Waymo, which
                                                      recently
                                                      settled a
                                                      nasty lawsuit
                                                      against Uber
                                                      and received a
                                                      small slice of
                                                      equity in its
                                                      rival. Oh, and
                                                      SoftBank
                                                      portfolio
                                                      company
                                                      Alibaba has
                                                      invested in
                                                      Uber rival
                                                      Lyft, along
                                                      with Ford, GM,
                                                      and CapitalG,
                                                      the late-stage
                                                      investment arm
                                                      of
                                                      Alphabet...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.wired.com/story/softbank-flips-venture-capital-script-gm-deal/)  Hmmmm....
                                                      Most
                                                      interesting.
                                                      Must be a
                                                      realization
                                                      that Uber's
                                                      "Driverless
                                                      Initiative" is
                                                      so hopelessly
                                                      3rd rate, that
                                                      SoftBank
                                                      invested up to
                                                      the 2nd pick
                                                      in order to
                                                      salvage the
                                                      Uber IPO
                                                      valuation.
                                                      SoftBank has a
                                                      tangled web of
                                                      investments
                                                      but it is
                                                      strategically
                                                      biases in a
                                                      desperate
                                                      attempt to
                                                      catch the
                                                      breakout
                                                      leader Waymo.
                                                      All the while
                                                      Waymo seems to
                                                      be putting the
                                                      pedal to the
                                                      metal. ([next article](https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/31/17412908/waymo-chrysler-pacifica-minvan-self-driving-fleet)).
                                                          Alain

Waymo’s fleet of self-driving minivans is about to get 100 times bigger

                                                      A. Hawkins,
                                                      May 31, "The
                                                      size of
                                                      Waymo's fleet
                                                      of
                                                      self-driving
                                                      Chrysler
                                                      Pacifica
                                                      minivans just
                                                      got radically
                                                      bigger. The
                                                      Alphabet unit
                                                      announced
                                                      today that it
                                                      struck a deal
                                                      with Fiat
                                                      Chrysler
                                                      Automobiles
                                                      (FCA), one of
                                                      Detroit's Big
                                                      Three
                                                      automakers,
                                                      for an
                                                      additional
                                                      62,000
                                                      minivans to be
                                                      deployed as
                                                      robot taxis."
                                                      Hmmmm....
                                                      Wow!!  What is
                                                      Waymo going to
                                                      do with 60,000
                                                      more aTaxis on
                                                      top of the
                                                      20,000 Jaguars
                                                      they ordered a
                                                      few months
                                                      back???  I
                                                      guess that
                                                      they will send
                                                      a couple
                                                      thousand to
                                                      NJ. .
                                                      Those 80,000
                                                      aTaxis will
                                                      serve about 4
                                                      million person
                                                      trips/day (~50 personTrips/aTaxi-day).  That's about 0.5% of all personTrips greater
                                                      than 0.5 miles
                                                      in the USA on
                                                      a typical day,
                                                      roughly equal
                                                      to the number
                                                      of personTrips
                                                      that Uber
                                                      serves today
                                                      in the US on a
                                                      typical day
                                                      today in the
                                                      USA and is
                                                      ~10% of the
                                                      personTrips
                                                      riding today's
                                                      conventional
                                                      transit
                                                      systems.
                                                      Wow!!!

                                                      Moreover, the
                                                      two companies
                                                      have also
                                                      begun
                                                      discussions
                                                      about how to
                                                      eventually
                                                      sell
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars to
                                                      customers as
                                                      personally
                                                      owned
                                                      vehicles..." R[ead more](https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/31/17412908/waymo-chrysler-pacifica-minvan-self-driving-fleet)  Hmmmm....
                                                      What????
                                                      Waymo can't be
                                                      serious.  No
                                                      way Waymo or
                                                      anyone else is
                                                      going to allow
                                                      these vehicles
                                                      to be in the
                                                      hands of
                                                      consumers.
                                                      The
                                                      professional
                                                      maintenance
                                                      and adult
                                                      supervision
                                                      required by
                                                      these vehicles
                                                      today makes
                                                      such a
                                                      suggestion
                                                      preposterous.
                                                      Moreover, this
                                                      would be
                                                      Uber's biggest
                                                      windfall, to
                                                      be able to buy
                                                      the best
                                                      driverless car
                                                      rather than
                                                      having to make
                                                      it
                                                      themselves.
                                                      No way Waymo
                                                      allows Uber
                                                      this
                                                      windfall.  The
                                                      floor price
                                                      for a goose
                                                      that lays
                                                      golden eggs is
                                                      the investment
                                                      required to
                                                      purchase an
                                                      annuity of
                                                      golden eggs.
                                                      Not only is
                                                      that a big
                                                      number, Uber
                                                      doesn't have
                                                      any secret
                                                      sauce that can
                                                      extract more
                                                      value out of
                                                      those eggs
                                                      than Waymo
                                                      can.  So, if
                                                      Uber bids high
                                                      enough to buy
                                                      them, they'll
                                                      lose money.
                                                      This "rumor"
                                                      deserves a
                                                      super [C'mon Man](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=HoXv6JHI0OE)!!!
                                                      Alain

                                                      New
                                                      Roman"">Thursday,
                                                      May 31,  2018

###

AI Winter Is Well On Its Way F. Piekniewski, “Deep learning has been at the forefront of the so called AI revolution for quite a few years now, and many people had believed that it is the silver bullet that will take us to the world of wonders of technological singularity (general AI). …We have now mid 2018 and things have changed. ..By far the biggest blow into deep learning fame is the domain of self driving vehicles ..

But by far the biggest prick punching through the AI bubble was the accident in which Uber self driving car killed a pedestrian in Arizona. From the preliminary report by the NTSB we can read some astonishing statements:…” Read more  Hmmmm…. Very interesting. We still have an awful lot to do.  See also,G. Marcus, below. Alain

                                                      May 25,  2018  [PRELIMINARY REPORT: HIGHWAY: HWY18MH010 (Uber/Herzberg Crash)](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf)

KMay 24, “About 9:58 p.m., on Sunday, March 18, 2018, an Uber Technologies, Inc. test vehicle, based on a modified 2017 Volvo XC90 and operating with a self-driving system in computer control mode, struck a pedestrian on northbound Mill Avenue, in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona.

…The vehicle was factory equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions by Volvo Cars, the original manufacturer. The systems included a collision avoidance function with automatic emergency

                                                      braking, known
                                                      as City
                                                      Safety, as
                                                      well as
                                                      functions for
                                                      detecting
                                                      driver
                                                      alertness and
                                                      road sign
                                                      information.
                                                      All these
                                                      Volvo
                                                      functions are
                                                      disabled when
                                                      the test
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      operated in
                                                      computer
                                                      control..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf)
                                                      Hmmmm....
                                                      Uber must
                                                      believe that
                                                      its systems
                                                      are better at
                                                      avoiding
                                                      Collisions and
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking than
                                                      Volvo's.
                                                      At least this
                                                      gets Volvo
                                                      "off the
                                                      hook".

“…According to data obtained from the self-driving system, the system first registered radar and LIDAR observations of the pedestrian about 6 seconds before impact, when the vehicle was traveling at 43 mph…” (= 63 feet/second) So the system started “seeing an obstacle when it was 63 x 6 = 378 feet away… more than a football field, including end zones!

“…As the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path…” (NTSB: Please tell us precisely when it classified this “object’ as a vehicle and be explicit about the expected “future travel paths.”  Forget the path, please just tell us the precise velocity vector that Uber’s system attached to the “object”, then the “vehicle”. Why didn’t the the Uber system instruct the Volvo to begin to slow down (or speed up) to avoid a collision?  If these paths (or velocity vectors) were not accurate, then why weren’t they accurate?  Why was the object classified as a “Vehicle” ??  When did it finally classify the object as a “bicycle”? Why did it change classifications? How often was the classification of this object done.  Please divulge the time and the outcome of each classification of this object.  In the tests that Uber has done, how often has the system mis-classified an object as a “pedestrian”when the object was actually an overpass, or an overhead sign or overhead branches/leaves that the car could safely pass under, or was nothing at all?? (Basically, what are the false alarm characteristics of Uber’s Self-driving sensor/software system as a function of vehicle speed and time-of-day?)

“…At 1.3 seconds before impact, (impact speed was 39mph = 57.2 ft/sec) the self-driving system determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision” (1.3 x 57.2 = 74.4 ft. which is about equal to the braking distance. So it still could have stopped short.

“…According to Uber, emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce (eradicate??) the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. …” NTSB:  Please describe/define potential  and erratic vehicle behavior   Also please uncover and divulge the design & decision process that Uber went through to decide that this risk (disabling the AEB) was worth the reward of eradicating “ “erratic vehicle behavior”.  This is fundamentally BAD design. If the Uber system’s false alarm rate is so large that the best way to deal with false alarms is to turn off the AEB, then the system should never have been permitted on public roadways.

“…The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. “ Wow!  If Uber’s system fundamentally relies on a human to intervene, then Uber is nowhere near creating a Driverless vehicle. Without its own Driverless vehicle Uber is past “Peak valuation”.

“…The system is not designed to alert the operator. “ That may be the only good part of Uber’s design.  In a Driverless vehicle, there is no one to warn, so don’t waste your time.  If it is important enough to warn, then it is important enough for the automated system to start initiating things to do something about it. Plus, the Driver may not know what to do anyway. This is pretty much as I stated in PodCast 30 and the 24 edition of SmartDrivingCar, See below.  Alain May 18,  2018

The Open Source Solution to Autonomous Safety #smartdrivingcar

K. Pyle, May 9, “Safety and, as importantly, the perception of safety could be the pin that pricks the expectations surrounding the autonomous vehicle future. Recognizing the importance of safety to the success of this still nascent industry, autonomous taxi start-up, Voyage, recently placed their testing and reporting procedures in an open source framework. …Oliver Cameron, Voyage Co-Founder and CEO, is excited to see participation and says, “We can’t wait to have all of these contributions from companies from around the world; contribute to build the actual standard in autonomous safety.”  Read more, Hmmmm…. See the video that was played at the Princeton SDC Summit which generated substantial positive discussion at the Summit. See also full length video. Alain

                                                      May 10,  2018

Uber Finds Deadly Accident Likely Caused By Software Set to Ignore Objects On Road

A. Efrati, May 7, “Uber has determined that the likely cause of a fatal collision involving one of its prototype self-driving cars in Arizona in March was a problem with the software that decides how the car should react to objects it detects, according to two people briefed about the matter.” Read more  Hmmmm….Uber is “leaking” this???  Is this Spin? Fake News?? I guess Uber doesn’t believe in transparency here.  Where is the official public statement of reassurance???

                                                      "The car's
                                                      sensors
                                                      detected the
                                                      pedestrian,
                                                      who was
                                                      crossing the
                                                      street with a
                                                      bicycle, Hmmmm....Pretty much what I wrote on March 24, the sensors "Saw
                                                      something" ...

                                                      but Uber's
                                                      software
                                                      decided it
                                                      didn't need to
                                                      react right
                                                      away. ..."right
                                                      away" is Fake
                                                      News.  It never
                                                      reacted.  Uber
                                                      has not
                                                      released any
                                                      data
                                                      indicating
                                                      that the
                                                      software ever
                                                      reacted.  "That's
                                                      a result of
                                                      how the
                                                      software was
                                                      tuned." ...That
                                                      was a major
                                                      "tuning" faux
                                                      pas.  What is
                                                      being divulged
                                                      here is that
                                                      Uber's
                                                      software never
                                                      became
                                                      confident
                                                      enough that
                                                      what it was
                                                      seeing was
                                                      something that
                                                      it should not
                                                      hit and, at
                                                      least,  begin
                                                      to apply the
                                                      brakes (or
                                                      swerve, or
                                                      ???).  Even
                                                      the driver in
                                                      the video
                                                      recognized
                                                      that the
                                                      object should
                                                      not be hit a
                                                      split second
                                                      before the
                                                      crash.  So the
                                                      Problem
                                                          is not
                                                      "tuning" it is
                                                      outright "[fuhgeddaboudit](https://www.urbandictionary.com/define.php?term=fuhgeddaboudit)"
                                                      Like other
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      systems,
                                                      Uber's
                                                      software has
                                                      the ability to
                                                      ignore "false
                                                      positives," or
                                                      objects in its
                                                      path that
                                                      wouldn't
                                                      actually be a
                                                      problem for
                                                      the vehicle,
                                                      such as a
                                                      plastic bag
                                                      floating over
                                                      a road.... Is
                                                      Uber
                                                      suggesting
                                                      that its
                                                      software can't
                                                      tell the
                                                      difference
                                                      between a
                                                      plastic bag
                                                      floating over
                                                      the road and a
                                                      pedestrian
                                                      with a
                                                      bicycle, even
                                                      after seeing
                                                      the object 30
                                                      to 60 or more
                                                      times over the
                                                      3 or more
                                                      seconds that
                                                      the object was
                                                      in view?    If
                                                      this isn't
                                                      Fake News then
                                                      Uber is
                                                      hopelessly far
                                                      behind...   In
                                                      this case,
                                                      Uber
                                                      executives
                                                      believe the
                                                      company's
                                                      system was
                                                      tuned so that
                                                      it reacted
                                                      less to such
                                                      objects."  It didn't react at all!...
                                                      But the tuning
                                                      went too far,
                                                      and the car
                                                      didn't react
                                                      fast enough,
                                                      one of these
                                                      people
                                                      said....
                                                      ... It didn't
                                                      react at all!
                                                      If this wasn't
                                                      so important
                                                      I'd put it in
                                                      C'mon man.

“False positives” are the symptom, not the problem.  The problem is Uber’s system design and operational policy.  Uber system designers knew that the sensors under certain conditions reported “false positives” (were “spooked”). One of those conditions was possibly  the combination of “is the closing speed = car’s current speed” AND “is the car’s current speed greater than 30mph.” In situations in which both are true, then Uber’s “tuning”  is outright “fuhgeddaboudit”. This “tuning” effectively turns-off Uber’s sensors to detecting anything that is stationary or moving across its lane ahead. If Uber has understood this, then Uber would/should have …

1. limited the operation of its cars to speeds under 30 mph,

2. limited the operation of its cars at speeds greater than 30 mph only to roadways where pedestrians are extremely unlikely to cross, and

3. focus on substantially improving its ability to interpret its sensor data so that the false alarm rate becomes so small that false alarms are tolerated throughout Uber’s operational domain.

…“Meanwhile, the human driver behind the wheel, who is meant to take over and prevent an accident, wasn’t paying attention in the seconds before the car hit…“  …I think that this is a cheap shot against the driver.  I suspect that this car had a screen that displayed the real-time status of the automated driving system.  I would not be surprised if that screen was mounted below the radio and that the driver was actually monitoring the operation of the automated driving system prior to the crash.  Why this display wasn’t on the dash so that the driver’s peripheral vision could remain on the road ahead when the driver was monitoring the performance of the system is a question Uber should answer,…  if it had any interest in being transparent.

Another question that Uber could be asked: Why didn’t the monitoring system warn the driver that it was “seeing something” and ask the driver to look to see if it should be “saying/doing something”.

Since it doesn’t look like Uber is going to really divulge anything, it is incumbent on the NTSB to dig deeply into this “false alarm” issue. Disregarding “false positives” in order to circumvent a little passenger/customer discomfort enables “false negatives” which kill people.  Not pretty!

“…Uber has reached its own preliminary conclusion…” .The problem was what the broader system chose to do with that information”. …. Is Uber going to tell us???? This is way more than a “tuning problem”. This is a design and culture problem…

                                                      "...In the
                                                      collision
                                                      investigation,
                                                      Uber found
                                                      that a vital
                                                      piece of the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car was likely
                                                      working
                                                      properly: the
                                                      "perception"
                                                      software,
                                                      which combines
                                                      data from the
                                                      car's cameras,
                                                      lidar and
                                                      radars to
                                                      recognize and
                                                      "label"
                                                      objects around
                                                      it. In this
                                                      case, the
                                                      software is
                                                      believed to
                                                      have seen the
                                                      objects. The
                                                      problem was
                                                      what the
                                                      broader system
                                                      chose to do
                                                      with that
                                                      information..."
                                                      .......NO!!!!
                                                      The problem is
                                                      in the
                                                      "recognize
                                                      & label".
                                                      If it didn't
                                                      miss-recognize
                                                      and miss-label
                                                      then the ride
                                                      wouldn't be
                                                      jerky.  The
                                                      "perception"
                                                      software is so
                                                      intent on
                                                      "seeing
                                                      something" in
                                                      certain
                                                      domains that
                                                      it ends up
                                                      "imagining
                                                      that it saw
                                                      something that
                                                      wasn't there"
                                                      (false
                                                      positive) so
                                                      the broader
                                                      system  turns
                                                      off the
                                                      perception
                                                      system in
                                                      those
                                                      domains.  It
                                                      is the "vital"
                                                      "perception"
                                                      system that is
                                                      at fault and
                                                      needs the
                                                      work.

                                                      I suspect that
                                                      this mess will
                                                      be discussed
                                                      Annual
                                                      Princeton SmartDrivingCar
                                                      Summit
                                                         Uber
                                                      isn't the only
                                                      company with a
                                                      "false alarm"
                                                      issue.   Alain Thursday,
                                                      May 3,  2018

As the Number of Driverless Cars Increase, So Does the Need for Car Maker Transparency

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      Apr 30, "...A
                                                      schism is
                                                      developing in
                                                      the
                                                      driverless-car
                                                      world — but
                                                      not between
                                                      fans and foes
                                                      of robot cars.

                                                      Instead, on
                                                      one side are
                                                      driverless-car
                                                      advocates who
                                                      believe data
                                                      transparency
                                                      will lead to
                                                      safer
                                                      deployment of
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles and
                                                      help alleviate
                                                      public fears
                                                      about the
                                                      strange and
                                                      disruptive new
                                                      technology. On
                                                      the other are
                                                      some
                                                      automobile and
                                                      technology
                                                      companies
                                                      that, for good
                                                      commercial
                                                      reasons
                                                      perhaps,
                                                      prefer to keep
                                                      their workings
                                                      cloaked in
                                                      mystery.

                                                      The lack of
                                                      transparency
                                                      about the
                                                      workings of
                                                      sensors, logic
                                                      processors,
                                                      mapping
                                                      systems and
                                                      other
                                                      driverless
                                                      technology,
                                                      like the
                                                      debate over
                                                      robot-car
                                                      regulation,
                                                      could shape
                                                      public
                                                      perception of
                                                      the nascent
                                                      industry, said
                                                      Bryant Walker
                                                      Smith, a law
                                                      professor at
                                                      the University
                                                      of South
                                                      Carolina.
                                                      "Essentially,
                                                      [the public will be]
                                                      looking to see
                                                      whether these
                                                      companies are
                                                      trustworthy,"
                                                      he said...

                                                      In the Uber
                                                      death, a video
                                                      recorded by a
                                                      dashboard
                                                      camera —
                                                      turned over to
                                                      and released
                                                      by Tempe,
                                                      Ariz., police
                                                      — showed the
                                                      driverless-car
                                                      system failed
                                                      to brake for
                                                      the
                                                      pedestrian. It
                                                      left open the
                                                      question of
                                                      whether the
                                                      system sensors
                                                      might have
                                                      failed to
                                                      notice the
                                                      pedestrian at
                                                      all.

                                                      Uber's
                                                      reaction was
                                                      to apologize,
                                                      then dip into
                                                      some of its
                                                      $15 billion in
                                                      investment
                                                      capital to pay
                                                      the victim's
                                                      family in a
                                                      legal
                                                      settlement,
                                                      thus avoiding
                                                      a public
                                                      trial.

                                                      Uber declined
                                                      to make a
                                                      company
                                                      executive
                                                      available to
                                                      discuss data
                                                      and
                                                      transparency
                                                      on the record,
                                                      as did Waymo,
                                                      Tesla and
                                                      Lyft. Other
                                                      companies —
                                                      including
                                                      Zoox, Nutonomy
                                                      and General
                                                      Motors, parent
                                                      of Cruise
                                                      Automation —
                                                      agreed to
                                                      talk.

                                                      Even
                                                      driverless-car
                                                      advocates are
                                                      growing
                                                      concerned
                                                      about the
                                                      silence from
                                                      the industry's
                                                      major players.
                                                      Grayson
                                                      Brulte, a
                                                      well-known
                                                      consultant in
                                                      the driverless
                                                      industry,
                                                      worries that
                                                      recent polls
                                                      have
                                                      consistently
                                                      shown the
                                                      public is wary
                                                      about
                                                      driverless
                                                      technology,
                                                      while
                                                      companies
                                                      appear
                                                      reluctant to
                                                      engage with
                                                      the public.
                                                      "They're like
                                                      Rapunzel up in
                                                      the tower," he
                                                      said. "They
                                                      have to let
                                                      down their
                                                      hair and climb
                                                      down."

                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      who heads the driverless-vehicle program at Princeton University, said he believes
                                                      that robot
                                                      cars will
                                                      improve
                                                      safety, reduce
                                                      driver stress,
                                                      add productive
                                                      time to the
                                                      day and offer
                                                      the elderly
                                                      and disabled
                                                      more
                                                      independence.
                                                      But the
                                                      technology is
                                                      far from
                                                      perfect, he
                                                      said, and some
                                                      robot-induced
                                                      deaths are
                                                      inevitable.

                                                      Rather than
                                                      wall off the
                                                      lessons
                                                      learned in
                                                      fatalities
                                                      such as the
                                                      recent Uber
                                                      and Tesla
                                                      incidents,
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      said, the
                                                      companies
                                                      should be
                                                      sharing crash
                                                      data with one
                                                      another, with
                                                      outside
                                                      researchers
                                                      and with the
                                                      general
                                                      public. And
                                                      not just
                                                      black-box
                                                      data, but
                                                      driverless-system
                                                      data as well.
                                                      That would
                                                      make
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars safer and
                                                      faster, he
                                                      said.

                                                      "Uber should
                                                      not gain a
                                                      safety
                                                      advantage over
                                                      everyone else
                                                      because they
                                                      were involved
                                                      in this
                                                      crash,"
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      said. "All of
                                                      the video,
                                                      radar, lidar
                                                      and logic
                                                      trails in the
                                                      seconds
                                                      leading up to
                                                      the crash
                                                      should be
                                                      released to
                                                      the public.

                                                      "If this
                                                      reveals some
                                                      of Uber's
                                                      intellectual
                                                      property, so
                                                      be it. If they
                                                      want to
                                                      protect their
                                                      intellectual
                                                      property, they
                                                      shouldn't
                                                      crash on
                                                      public roads."
                                                      ..."  [Read more](http://www.govtech.com/fs/automation/As-the-Number-of-Driverless-Cars-Increase-So-Does-the-Need-for-Car-Maker-Transparency.html)

                                                      Hmmmm...
                                                      Amen!  This
                                                      article
                                                      addresses what
                                                      may well be
                                                      the most
                                                      important
                                                      issue facing
                                                      this
                                                      industry.
                                                      Crashes will
                                                      happen.  The
                                                      industry has
                                                      been holding
                                                      its breath
                                                      knowing that
                                                      one, two,
                                                      three, ...
                                                      deaths are
                                                      coming.
                                                      Deaths are
                                                      associated
                                                      with every
                                                      substantial
                                                      technological
                                                      advance in
                                                      transportation.
                                                      Deaths
                                                      occurred with
                                                      cable cars,
                                                      with electric
                                                      traction, with
                                                      steam trains,
                                                      with
                                                      airplanes,
                                                      with
                                                      conventional
                                                      cars, with
                                                      elevators,
                                                      ..., even with
                                                      airbags... why
                                                      do you have
                                                      yellow
                                                      stickers
                                                      affixed to the
                                                      passenger-side
                                                      sun visor of
                                                      your car.
                                                      That's
                                                      right...
                                                      airbags kill
                                                      children.  No
                                                      one expected
                                                      that.  But
                                                      when it was
                                                      "tripped
                                                      over", then
                                                      that event was
                                                      made
                                                      transparent to
                                                      everyone.
                                                      Similarly,
                                                      total
                                                      transparency
                                                      needs to be
                                                      created.  Uber
                                                      needs to
                                                      release the
                                                      data that
                                                      shows that
                                                      their system
                                                      did, in fact
                                                      "see" Elaine
                                                      for four (4),
                                                      or however
                                                      many, seconds
                                                      before the
                                                      crash, but
                                                      didn't see her
                                                      reliably
                                                      enough to
                                                      convince
                                                      itself to
                                                      apply the
                                                      brakes.  The
                                                      details of
                                                      that decision
                                                      logic and the uncertainty/stochastic characteristics of that decision process needs to
                                                      be divulged.
                                                      Why wasn't it
                                                      sure enough
                                                      that a
                                                      collision with
                                                      Elaine was
                                                      imminent for
                                                      it to apply
                                                      the brakes?
                                                      It is totally
                                                      disingenuous
                                                      for Uber to
                                                      claim that its
                                                      system never
                                                      saw Elaine
                                                      (Uber hasn't
                                                      said that.
                                                      They've said
                                                      nothing.
                                                      (They'd better
                                                      not even try
                                                      to say that.
                                                      Their system
                                                      is at least
                                                      pretty good.
                                                      it was
                                                      developed by
                                                      competent
                                                      individuals
                                                      from CMU and
                                                      other very
                                                      good places.
                                                      It saw Elaine,
                                                      it just didn't
                                                      see her well
                                                      enough or it
                                                      chose to
                                                      disregard what
                                                      it saw for
                                                      whatever
                                                      reason.  The
                                                      nitty gritty
                                                      details of
                                                      those
                                                      uncertainties
                                                      MUST be
                                                      divulged in
                                                      all of their
                                                      minute, gory
                                                      and
                                                      transparent
                                                      details.  Once
                                                      made then
                                                      everyone else
                                                      in the
                                                      industry can
                                                      look at their
                                                      comparable
                                                      processes/algorithms
                                                      and fix them
                                                      so that the
                                                      next time an
                                                      "Elaine" is
                                                      "seen" she
                                                      will not be
                                                      disregarded.
                                                      It is these
                                                      situations
                                                      that deserve
                                                      the most
                                                      serious
                                                      attention.
                                                      These are
                                                      infinitely
                                                      more important
                                                      and more
                                                      challenging
                                                      than the
                                                      "Trolley
                                                      (navel
                                                      contemplation)
                                                      Problem".

                                                      We will be
                                                      addressing,
                                                      with some of
                                                      the best
                                                      people in the
                                                      world, this
                                                      and other
                                                      fundamentally
                                                      important
                                                      issues at the
                                                      Annual
                                                      Princeton SmartDrivingCar
                                                      Summit
                                                      May 16 &
                                                      17.  Come join
                                                      in and
                                                      contribute to
                                                      the
                                                      conversations
                                                      on these
                                                      issues.  Russ
                                                      Mitchell will
                                                      be there.
                                                      Bryant
                                                      Walker-Smith
                                                      will be
                                                      there.
                                                      Grayson Brulte
                                                      will be there.
                                                      Raymond
                                                      Martinez (Head
                                                      of FMCSA) will
                                                      be there.
                                                      Bernard
                                                      Soriano (#2 @
                                                      CA DMV) will
                                                      be there.  Nat
                                                      Beuse (#2 @
                                                      NHTSA) will be
                                                      there.  Oliver
                                                      Cameron (CEO,
                                                      Voyage) will
                                                      weigh in,
                                                      Adam Jonas (#1
                                                      Auto Analyst,
                                                      Morgan
                                                      Stanley) will
                                                      be there.
                                                      Fengmin Gong
                                                      (Head, DiDi
                                                      Research) will
                                                      be there.
                                                      Justin Erlich
                                                      (Head AV
                                                      Policy, Uber)
                                                      will be
                                                      there,  Sami
                                                      Naim,
                                                      (Manager,
                                                      Public Policy,
                                                      Lyft) will be
                                                      there, Mike
                                                      Jellen
                                                      (President,
                                                      Velodyne) will
                                                      be there, Paul
                                                      Brubaker (CEO
                                                      ATI21) will be
                                                      there, Matt
                                                      Moore (SVP,
                                                      Highway Loss
                                                      Data
                                                      Institute)
                                                      will be there,
                                                      Mike Scrudato
                                                      (#1 AV
                                                      Insurance guy,
                                                      SVP, Munich
                                                      Re) will be
                                                      there, Ro
                                                      Gupta (CEO
                                                      Carmera) will
                                                      be there.
                                                      Insurance/risk
                                                      assessment
                                                      related: Ann
                                                      Gergen (Exec.
                                                      Dir. AGRIP),
                                                      Jerry Spears (
                                                      Montana
                                                      Association of
                                                      Governments),
                                                      Laura
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      (President,
                                                      Stratyfy),
                                                      David Harmer,
                                                      Head, Virginia
                                                      transit
                                                      Reliability
                                                      Pool) plus
                                                      many others
                                                      will be
                                                      there.  From
                                                      the investment
                                                      community:
                                                      Sheldon,
                                                      Sandler (CEO,
                                                      Bel Air
                                                      Partners) will
                                                      be there.  And
                                                      the list goes
                                                      on...

                                                      Please come
                                                      join in the
                                                      discourse. [Click to register.](https://www.regonline.com/registration/Checkin.aspx?EventID=2246346)
                                                      Alain Thursday,
                                                      April 26,
                                                      2018

###

###

###

###

###

###

 This startup’s CEO wants to open-source self-driving car safety testing M. Harris, Apr 24, “… “I had to spend time after [the Uber crash] calming people down, telling folks at our deployments that it was an isolated incident,” says Voyage CEO Oliver Cameron in an exclusive interview with Ars Technica. “But the truth is that everyone in the industry is reinventing the technology and safety processes themselves, which is incredibly dangerous. Open source means more eyes, more diversity, and more feedback.”.

                                                      Starting
                                                      today, Voyage
                                                      will begin to
                                                      share safety
                                                      requirements,
                                                      test
                                                      scenarios,
                                                      metrics,
                                                      tools, and
                                                      code that it
                                                      has developed
                                                      for its own
                                                      Level 4
                                                      self-driving
                                                      taxis. Five
                                                      Voyage cars
                                                      are currently
                                                      deployed
                                                      carrying
                                                      passengers
                                                      within two
                                                      retirement
                                                      communities in
                                                      California and
                                                      Florida..."  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2018/04/this-startups-ceo-wants-to-open-source-self-driving-car-safety-testing/?ref=streamer.ai)  Hmmmm...
                                                      This is a very
                                                      positive
                                                      step taken by
                                                      Voyage's
                                                      Oliver Cameron
                                                      to address the
                                                      enormous
                                                      safety aspects
                                                      of this
                                                      technology.
                                                      It isn't
                                                      obvious how
                                                      everyone
                                                      involved in
                                                      this industry
                                                      needs to work
                                                      together to
                                                      assemble the
                                                      best "...safety
                                                      requirements,
                                                      test
                                                      scenarios,
                                                      metrics,
                                                      tools, and
                                                      code....".
                                                      There are
                                                      serious
                                                      concerns about
                                                      collusion and
                                                      protecting
                                                      fundamentally
                                                      valuable IP.

                                                      None the less,
                                                      what is
                                                      important is
                                                      that it is in
                                                      everyone's
                                                      best interest
                                                      to have
                                                      everyone be
                                                      safe.  The
                                                      Uber crash
                                                      negatively
                                                      affected
                                                      everyone, even
                                                      Waymo.
                                                      Everyone would
                                                      be better off
                                                      today, had
                                                      Uber not
                                                      crashed.  Similarly
                                                      with the Tesla
                                                      crashes.  They've
                                                      also had a
                                                      negative
                                                      impact on
                                                      everyone.
                                                      This is a
                                                      market where
                                                      the faster the
                                                      better
                                                      products are
                                                      available in
                                                      the
                                                      marketplace,
                                                      the larger the
                                                      sum of
                                                      benefits to
                                                      society, and,
                                                      arguably, the
                                                      large the
                                                      accumulated
                                                      benefits to
                                                      each
                                                      individual
                                                      contributor/producer.
                                                        That argues
                                                      for everyone
                                                      working
                                                      together, aka
                                                      sharing: "...safety
                                                      requirements,
                                                      test
                                                      scenarios,
                                                      metrics,
                                                      tools, and
                                                      code....".
                                                      Whether "open-source"
                                                      his
                                                      the exact
                                                      right
                                                      mechanism for
                                                      "optimal
                                                      sharing" , or
                                                      it is
                                                      Standards
                                                      Committees, or
                                                      Regulations
                                                      (heaven
                                                      forbid), working
                                                      together
                                                      for Safety
                                                      rather
                                                      competing on
                                                      Safety is
                                                      absolutely
                                                      necessary in
                                                      this
                                                      r/evolution.
                                                      Kudos to
                                                      Oliver for
                                                      this
                                                      initiative.
                                                      Alain

                                                      April 12,
                                                      2018  [The way we regulate self-driving cars is broken—here's how to fix it](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2018/04/the-way-we-regulate-self-driving-cars-is-broken-heres-how-to-fix-it/)
                                                      T. Lee, Apr
                                                      10,"...Federal
                                                      car safety
                                                      regulation has
                                                      traditionally
                                                      been based on
                                                      a thick book
                                                      of rules
                                                      called the
                                                      Federal Motor
                                                      Vehicle Safety
                                                      Standards
                                                      (FMVSS). These
                                                      regulations,
                                                      developed over
                                                      decades,
                                                      establish
                                                      detailed
                                                      performance
                                                      requirements
                                                      for every
                                                      safety-related
                                                      part of a car:
                                                      brakes, tires,
                                                      headlights,
                                                      mirrors,
                                                      airbags, and a
                                                      lot more....

                                                      Federal
                                                      regulations
                                                      don't say much
                                                      about how
                                                      companies
                                                      develop and
                                                      test cars
                                                      before
                                                      bringing them
                                                      to market. ...
                                                      But that
                                                      approach
                                                      doesn't work
                                                      for driverless
                                                      cars.
                                                      Companies can
                                                      do some
                                                      testing of
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars on a
                                                      closed course,
                                                      but it's
                                                      impossible to
                                                      reproduce a
                                                      full range of
                                                      real-world
                                                      situations in
                                                      a private
                                                      facility. So
                                                      at some point,
                                                      carmakers need
                                                      to put
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars on public
                                                      roads for
                                                      testing
                                                      purposes—before
                                                      a manufacturer
                                                      is able to
                                                      clearly
                                                      demonstrate
                                                      that they're
                                                      safe. In
                                                      effect, this
                                                      makes the
                                                      public
                                                      involuntary
                                                      participants
                                                      in a dangerous
                                                      research
                                                      project.

                                                      But updating
                                                      the FMVSS is
                                                      neither
                                                      necessary nor
                                                      sufficient for
                                                      effective
                                                      regulation of
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars....  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2018/04/the-way-we-regulate-self-driving-cars-is-broken-heres-how-to-fix-it/)  Hmmmm...What
                                                      needs to be
                                                      recognized is
                                                      that
                                                      Driverless
                                                      cars (much
                                                      more so than
                                                      Safe- and
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      cars) are
                                                      really a
                                                      NEW MODE.
                                                      They are in
                                                      many ways
                                                      closer to an
                                                      elevator than
                                                      a conventional
                                                      car.  Sure
                                                      they run on
                                                      conventional
                                                      roads and not
                                                      vertical
                                                      shafts and
                                                      they can run
                                                      into each
                                                      other and have
                                                      to deal with
                                                      conventional
                                                      drivers and
                                                      "pedestrians".
                                                      but they will
                                                      not be owned
                                                      nor operated
                                                      by consumers,
                                                      but fleet operators
                                                      (think
                                                      buildings) .
                                                      They will
                                                      serve demand
                                                      upon request
                                                      to everyone
                                                      and anyone, be
                                                      shared when
                                                      appropriate
                                                      and convenient
                                                      and don't even
                                                      have a
                                                      driver's seat,
                                                      let alone the
                                                      controls of a
                                                      conventional
                                                      car.
                                                      Driverless
                                                      cars are
                                                      enormously
                                                      different than
                                                      conventional
                                                      cars.

                                                      Just as
                                                      railroads and
                                                      airplanes have
                                                      their own
                                                      safety
                                                      legislation
                                                      and regulatory
                                                      administration
                                                      tailored to
                                                      their needs,
                                                      so should
                                                      Driverless
                                                      cars.  The
                                                      best way to
                                                      approach
                                                      regulation of
                                                      Driverless is
                                                      to start fresh
                                                      by declaring
                                                      them as a new
                                                      mode.  Alain
                                                      April 5,  2018 [Waymo Isn't Going to Slow Down Now](https://www.bloomberg.com/news/features/2018-04-02/waymo-isn-t-slowing-down-pact-with-honda-could-include-delivery) M.
                                                      Bergen, "Apr
                                                      2, " Waymo,
                                                      the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car company
                                                      started by
                                                      Google, did
                                                      nothing after
                                                      an autonomous
                                                      vehicle run by
                                                      Uber killed a
                                                      pedestrian in
                                                      Tempe,
                                                      Arizona. It
                                                      didn't pull
                                                      back on tests
                                                      in the nearby
                                                      suburb of
                                                      Chandler,
                                                      where
                                                      passengers are
                                                      already taking
                                                      rides with no
                                                      one behind the
                                                      wheel. Its
                                                      fleets
                                                      elsewhere
                                                      didn't abandon
                                                      public
                                                      streets, a
                                                      precautionary
                                                      move made by
                                                      Toyota.   For
                                                      Krafcik,
                                                      the crash
                                                      video
                                                      validated the
                                                      philosophy
                                                      Waymo
                                                      had been
                                                      following long
                                                      before he
                                                      joined, back
                                                      when it was
                                                      still part of
                                                      Google: Never
                                                      trust humans
                                                      in cars....

                                                      Some onlookers
                                                      question if Krafcik
                                                      will be around
                                                      to see Waymo's
                                                      alliances
                                                      through. "You
                                                      can't meet
                                                      John," said
                                                      Noble, the
                                                      consultant,
                                                      "and not think
                                                      he's someone
                                                      that would
                                                      have fun
                                                      running a
                                                      carmaker."

                                                      For now,
                                                      though, Krafcik
                                                      looks to be
                                                      having fun
                                                      running a
                                                      company that's
                                                      resolutely not
                                                      making cars.
                                                      On the
                                                      convention
                                                      floor in Las
                                                      Vegas, he
                                                      spotted a Ford
                                                      Transit Wagon.
                                                      It's a hulking
                                                      eight-seat
                                                      model he
                                                      worked on
                                                      years ago that
                                                      looks best
                                                      suited for
                                                      shuttling
                                                      around a troop
                                                      of Girl Scouts
                                                      or a military
                                                      platoon.

Krafcik leaped into the second row and turned to the nearest Ford employee: “Do you have a self-driving version?” The answer was no.  “Coming soon,” Krafcik said with a laugh.”  Read more Hmmmm… Wow, this is more info than has been put out by Google/Waymo in the previous 9 years combined. Looks like Waymo has entered the market/sales phase of its metamorphosis. By the way, who gets to benefit from the deployment of the 1st 20k  of the Jaguars. Phoenix and Mountain View don’t have enough demand.  Is there going to be a competition a la the frenzy created by the “who wants the 2nd Amazon HQ”?   Alain March 31, 2018 The Most Important Self-Driving Car Announcement Yet A. Madrigal, Mar 28, “On Tuesday, Waymo announced they’d purchase 20,000 sporty, electric self-driving vehicles from Jaguar for the company’s forthcoming ride-hailing service…. But the company embedded a much more significant milestone inside this supposed announcement about a fancy car. With orders now in for more than 20,000 of these vehicles and thousands of minivans that Chrysler announced earlier this year, Waymo will be capable of doing vast numbers of trips per day. They estimate that the Jaguar fleet alone will be capable of doing a million trips each day in 2020. …“   Read more  Hmmmm…Yup!! This is HUGE! It will change the city and the key to making it so it doesn’t make thing worse is Ride-sharing. If we ride-share we’ll reduce energy, pollution & GHG by more than 50% and provide high-quality, affordable mobility indiscriminately for all.  It becomes the new high-quality, low-cost mass transit.  If it’s kept/operated as another alternative for the 1%ers to be chauffeured alone, then the outcome is UGLY. Ride-sharing is KEY!  Alain

                                                      March 24,
                                                      2018 [Experts say video of Uber's self-driving car killing a pedestrian suggests its technology may have failed](http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-uber-death-video-20180321-story.html) R. Mitchell,
                                                      Mar 22,
                                                      "Police late
                                                      Wednesday
                                                      released a
                                                      video that
                                                      shows an Uber
                                                      robot car
                                                      running
                                                      straight into
                                                      a woman who
                                                      was walking
                                                      her bicycle
                                                      across a
                                                      highway in
                                                      Tempe, Ariz.
                                                      The woman was
                                                      taken to a
                                                      hospital,
                                                      where she died
                                                      Sunday night.

                                                      The video,
                                                      shot from the
                                                      car, is sure
                                                      to raise
                                                      debate over
                                                      who's to blame
                                                      for the
                                                      accident.   In
                                                      the video, the
                                                      victim, Elaine
                                                      Herzberg, 49,
                                                      appears to be
                                                      illegally
                                                      jaywalking
                                                      from a median
                                                      strip across
                                                      two lanes of
                                                      traffic on a
                                                      dark road. But
                                                      she was more
                                                      than halfway
                                                      across the
                                                      street when
                                                      the car —
                                                      traveling
                                                      about 40 mph,
                                                      according to
                                                      police — hit
                                                      her. The car
                                                      did not appear
                                                      to brake or
                                                      take any other
                                                      evasive
                                                      action....

                                                      Bryant Walker
                                                      Smith, a law
                                                      professor and
                                                      driverless
                                                      specialist at
                                                      the University
                                                      of South
                                                      Carolina,
                                                      said:
                                                      "Although this
                                                      appalling
                                                      video isn't
                                                      the full
                                                      picture, it
                                                      strongly
                                                      suggests a
                                                      failure by
                                                      Uber's
                                                      automated
                                                      driving system
                                                      and a lack of
                                                      due care by
                                                      Uber's driver
                                                      as well as by
                                                      the
                                                      victim."..."
                                                      [Read more](http://www.latimes.com/business/la-fi-uber-death-video-20180321-story.html)
                                                      Hmmmm...  "..."What we
                                                      now need is
                                                      for the
                                                      release of the
                                                      radar and lidar
                                                      data,"
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      said in an
                                                      email. (Lidar
                                                      is a sensing
                                                      technology
                                                      that uses
                                                      light from a
                                                      laser.)
                                                      "Obviously,
                                                      the video of
                                                      the driver is
                                                      extremely bad
                                                      for Uber and
                                                      probably
                                                      implies that
                                                      Uber should
                                                      suspend all of
                                                      its
                                                      'self-driving'
                                                      efforts for a
                                                      while if not
                                                      for a very
                                                      long while.

                                                      "The
                                                      'self-driving'
                                                      systems are
                                                      supposed to
                                                      have
                                                      'professional'
                                                      overseers who
                                                      are really
                                                      supposed to be
                                                      paying
                                                      attention
                                                      during these
                                                      'tests'.
                                                      Apparently
                                                      Uber didn't
                                                      make it clear
                                                      in this case."

                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      questioned the
                                                      police
                                                      description of
                                                      a situation
                                                      that would
                                                      have been
                                                      difficult to
                                                      avoid. He said
                                                      Uber should
                                                      reveal what
                                                      its collision-avoidance software was doing during the couple of seconds
                                                      before impact.

                                                      "The
                                                      front-facing
                                                      video suggests
                                                      that this
                                                      person was
                                                      crossing the
                                                      lane at a slow
                                                      speed and
                                                      should have
                                                      been noticed
                                                      by the system
                                                      in time to at
                                                      least apply
                                                      the brakes, if
                                                      not stop the
                                                      vehicle
                                                      completely,"
                                                      he said.
                                                      "While a human
                                                      may not have
                                                      been able to
                                                      avoid this
                                                      crash, a
                                                      well-designed,
                                                      well-working
                                                      collision
                                                      avoidance
                                                      system should
                                                      have at least
                                                      begun to apply
                                                      the
                                                      brakes."..."

                                                      "
                                                      ...
                                                      Again, my
                                                      sincerest
                                                      condolences to
                                                      Elaine
                                                      Herzberg's
                                                      family and
                                                      friends.

The simple arithmetic is:  She crossed more than a lane and a half before being struck or more than 15 feet. Average walking speed is about 4.6 ft/sec which means that she was “visible” on this stretch of road for more than 3 seconds. Uber’s speed of 38 mph = 55.7 ft/sec means: Uber was 150 ft away when she began crossing the left-hand lane and could have been visible by an alert driver. The car’s lidar and radar surely must have “seen” her beginning at about that time.   Car stopping distance including “thinking time used in The Highway Code” @ 38mph is 110 feet.  The driver should have been able to stop 40 feet short. Any Automated Emergency Braking (AEB) system should have been able to stop the car in little more than the stopping distance of 72 feet, half way to Elaine. This simple arithmetic suggests that there may be a very fundamental fatal flaw in Uber’s AEB.

And the driver was not paying attention.  At 3 seconds prior to impact, Elaine was within a 12 degree field of view when she began to cross the left lane. While outside the fovea, this is well within a normal gaze had the operator been looking out the window.

The released video is from a “dash cam” and is unlikely to be the video captured by Uber’s “Self-driving” system (or whatever Uber calls it). That video may well be at a much higher resolution and frame rate. Uber MUST release that video (not just the dash-cam video) as well as the radar and lidar data that was being used by their “Self-driving” system.  Uber was testing its system at the time of the crash and therefore MUST have been logging those data in case something went wrong.  Uber needs those recorded data in order to have a chance to learn what went wrong and fix it. Something did go wrong, very wrong.  Uber and everyone else MUST also have the opportunity to learn from this tragedy. So Uber MUST release all of the data. Alain

                                                      March 20,
                                                      2018

Robot drivers may be safer than humans, but tech companies are way behind in proving it R. Mitchell, Mar 21, “As long as robot cars roam public streets and highways, they will occasionally kill people. That’s an ugly truth that no one in the driverless vehicle industry can deny.

                                                      Will those
                                                      robot cars
                                                      kill people at
                                                      significantly
                                                      lower rates
                                                      than drunk,
                                                      stoned, tired
                                                      or distracted
                                                      human drivers
                                                      do now?
                                                      Automakers,
                                                      technology
                                                      companies,
                                                      politicians
                                                      and regulators
                                                      are betting
                                                      they will, as
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      rolling out
                                                      faster than
                                                      almost anyone
                                                      expected as
                                                      recently as a
                                                      year ago.  But
                                                      the Sunday
                                                      night incident
                                                      in Tempe,
                                                      Ariz., in
                                                      which an Uber
                                                      robot car hit
                                                      and killed a
                                                      woman walking
                                                      her bicycle
                                                      across the
                                                      street, makes
                                                      clear the
                                                      industry is
                                                      much further
                                                      behind in
                                                      making its
                                                      case to the
                                                      public.

                                                      "It's likely
                                                      there will be
                                                      far fewer
                                                      deaths with
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars," said
                                                      Marlene Towns,
                                                      a professor at
                                                      Georgetown
                                                      University's
                                                      McDonough
                                                      School of
                                                      Business. "But
                                                      getting to the
                                                      point where
                                                      people will be
                                                      convinced of
                                                      that will be
                                                      tough."

                                                      Speculation by
                                                      Tempe's police
                                                      chief that the
                                                      robot may not
                                                      be at fault in
                                                      the crash may
                                                      temper any
                                                      public or
                                                      political
                                                      backlash.

                                                      Uber was
                                                      testing the
                                                      robot car in
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mode with a
                                                      human
                                                      engineer, who
                                                      was behind the
                                                      wheel but not
                                                      driving.
                                                      Elaine
                                                      Herzberg, 49,
                                                      walking a
                                                      bicycle,
                                                      stepped in
                                                      front of the
                                                      car from a
                                                      center median,
                                                      according to
                                                      video
                                                      evidence,
                                                      police
                                                      said...."  [Read more](http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-robot-car-safety-pr-20180321-story.html)
                                                      Hmmmm...
                                                      "...Carmakers
                                                      and technology
                                                      companies need
                                                      to be far more
                                                      transparent as
                                                      they push
                                                      forward,
                                                      experts said.
                                                      "It's
                                                      important that
                                                      we all learn
                                                      from this
                                                      accident and
                                                      we make these
                                                      technologies
                                                      even better,
                                                      said Alain
                                                      Kornhauser, a
                                                      professor at
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University and
                                                      a leading
                                                      authority on
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars. "To that
                                                      end Uber must
                                                      release all of
                                                      the data
                                                      leading up to
                                                      this crash.
                                                      All of the
                                                      video, radar,
                                                      lidar
                                                      and logic
                                                      trails for the
                                                      three or so
                                                      seconds
                                                      leading up to
                                                      the crash. If
                                                      this releases
                                                      some of Uber's
                                                      intellectual
                                                      property, so
                                                      be it."..."

                                                      "  ...
                                                      My sincerest
                                                      condolences to
                                                      Elaine
                                                      Herzberg's
                                                      family and
                                                      friends.  I
                                                      hope that Uber
                                                      with its
                                                      "$60"B
                                                      valuation will
                                                      make a very
                                                      generous
                                                      contribution
                                                      to homeless
                                                      charities and
                                                      think even
                                                      more seriously
                                                      about "buying"
                                                      (by
                                                      partnering)
                                                      rather than
                                                      "making" this
                                                      technology.
                                                      Alain

                                                      March 13,
                                                      2018 [Waymo shows off what it is like to ride in a truly driverless self-driving car](https://techcrunch.com/2018/03/02/mit-study-shows-how-much-driving-for-uber-or-lyft-sucks/) G.
                                                      Kumparak,
                                                      Mar 13,
                                                      "...."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2018/03/02/mit-study-shows-how-much-driving-for-uber-or-lyft-sucks/)
                                                      Hmmmm...
                                                      This is REALLY
                                                      big news.This
                                                      marks the real
                                                      beginning of
                                                      on-demand
                                                      mobility
                                                      provided by
                                                      vehicles
                                                      without a
                                                      driver or an
                                                      attendant
                                                      on-board, only
                                                      the passengers
                                                      and the
                                                      vehicles used
                                                      normal public
                                                      roadways that
                                                      operated in
                                                      normal
                                                      everyday
                                                      manner and
                                                      used by
                                                      conventional
                                                      cars and
                                                      trucks.  Ng
                                                      Waymo
                                                      to their o
                                                      police
                                                      escorts, no
                                                      warning signs,
                                                      just normal
                                                      everyday
                                                      operating
                                                      conditions.
                                                      Except for the
                                                      one trip given
                                                      to Steve Mahan
                                                      in November
                                                      2015 in Austin
                                                      Texas, this is
                                                      the First time
                                                      that it kind
                                                      of mobility
                                                      service has
                                                      been delivered
                                                      anywhere in
                                                      the world.  Waymo
                                                      has achieved 5
                                                      million
                                                      vehicle miles
                                                      of
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      (automated
                                                      driving on
                                                      normally
                                                      operating
                                                      public
                                                      roadway;
                                                      however, with
                                                      a
                                                      driver/attendant
                                                      in the car
                                                      ready to take
                                                      over should
                                                      the automated
                                                      system begin
                                                      to fail.  Many
                                                      others
                                                      including
                                                      Uber, Lyft/Aptiv,
                                                      GM/Cruise, nVIDIA,
                                                      Apple, Tesla,
                                                      Nissan and
                                                      many others
                                                      have also done
                                                      many miles of
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      on normal
                                                      roads but each
                                                      an everyone
                                                      had a
                                                      driver/attendant
                                                      in the vehicle
                                                      ready to "save
                                                      the day"
                                                      should
                                                      something go
                                                      bad.  Nobody
                                                      else anywhere
                                                      in the world
                                                      is doing what
                                                      Waymo
                                                      is now doing
                                                      in Chandler
                                                      AZ. Now that
                                                      the first one
                                                      has been done,
                                                      any community
                                                      that is
                                                      similar to
                                                      Chandler AZ
                                                      can now think
                                                      seriously
                                                      about inviting
                                                      Waymo
                                                      to provide
                                                      affordable
                                                      on-demand
                                                      mobility to
                                                      everyone in
                                                      their city.

Be sure to see the video. Congratulations

                                                      Waymo!!!!!
                                                      Alain

Wednesday, February 28, 2018

California to allow testing of self-driving cars without a driver present D. Etherington, Feb 27, “California’s Department of Motor Vehicles established new rules announced Monday that will allow tech companies and others working on driverless vehicle systems to begin trialling their cars without a safety driver at the wheel. The new rules go into effect starting April 2 …” Read more Hmmmm… Even though we have been expecting this, it is a major hurdle for it to actually have occurred.  How long after April 2 will Waymo take to begin this type of testing. Again this is only testing and deployment, but NOT commercial service, which may happen first in Arizona, but it is a major step in this r-evolution. Commercial services are regulated by other agencies in California, not CA DMV. It is those other agencies that will need to grant/award the licenses for the various commercial operations where these driverless vehicles would be used.  This regulation allows properly licensed commercial operations using CA DMV certified driverless vehicles to have those vehicles use California public roadways in delivering the otherwise licensed commercial activity. Note: CA DMV does not license the commercial transport of people or goods.  That is the purview of other CA regulatory agencies. Alain

Friday, February 23, 2018

Broadening Understanding of the Interplay Between Public Transit, Shared Mobility, and Personal Automobiles

Friday, February 16, 2018 Billionaire Bets On a World Without Car Crashes

Thursday, February 1, 2018 Waymo strikes a deal to buy ‘thousands’ more self-driving minivans from Fiat Chrysler Andrew Hawkins, Jan 30, “Waymo, the self-driving unit of Google parent Alphabet, has reached a deal with one of Detroit’s Big Three automakers to dramatically expand its fleet of autonomous vehicles. Fiat Chrysler Automobiles announced today that it would supply “thousands” of additional Chrysler Pacifica minivans to Waymo, with the first deliveries starting at the end of 2018.

Waymo currently has 600 of FCA’s minivans in its fleet, some of which are used to shuttle real people around for its Early Rider program in Arizona. The first 100 were delivered when the partnership was announced in May 2016, and an additional 500 were delivered in 2017. The minivans are plug-in hybrid variants with Waymo’s self-driving hardware and software built in. The companies co-staff a facility in Michigan, near FCA’s US headquarters, to engineer the vehicles. The company also owns a fleet of self-driving Lexus RX SUVs that is has been phasing out in favor of the new minivans. (The cute “Firefly” prototypes were also phased out last year.)…” Read more  Hmmmm… We’ve all been wondering” Who’s going to make the cars?  How will that evolve?Will they magically appear???

Well….Looks like it is FCA for now. We’ve gone from a handful 5 years ago, 2 years ago added 100, added 500 last year, “thousands” this/next year, … Beginning to look like exponential growth! (A Bit Coin Bubble??)  What is also most interesting: no parallel announcement that Waymo was hiring “thousands of attendants” to ride around as “drivers” in these “thousands of minivans”. Guess what that means… The Kornhauser Scale is going to start really going up!!! J

While ultimately they’ll need about 35 million of these to provide affordable mobility to all in the US, this is a real start at making this into a business as opposed to an NSF-style study that collects dust on a shelf or, worse yet, a digital manuscript that is never downloaded by anyone outside a “group of three”. This is a major announcement!

From Stan Young: It will be interesting to watch.  It probably has the OEMs, Uber and Lyft scared out of their wits. Based on any objective comparison of accomplishment with automated vehicles, there is not a close second to Waymo, despite all the claims to the contrary by trade rags – and the competition knows it.   Still a huge unknown concerning the ‘social side’ of riding in an un-attended vehicle, but we will likely get over it like we did with elevators. ‘Thousands’ of vehicles if deployed in one city will put it on scale of Uber and Lyft – an interesting study when/if it comes to that.

…An issue is:  where will Waymo choose to deploy (and for Waymo, the word “deploy” is the right word…  they make the decision where to place these, in some sense take it or leave it… as opposed to waiting for people to show up at a dealership to buy or have it stay on the lot or have some governmental agency thinking that it actually has a role/power/where-with-all to “deploy”) where, when and how many. They could “flood/concentrate” on Chandler/Phoenix/Tuscon area with scale to be really relevant and  substantively demonstrate the evolution of mobility, or they could sprinkle them out nationwide and remain irrelevant everywhere.  I like the “flood/concentrate” approach in a state (Arizona) where they seem to be truly welcomed and whose climate, topography and road network are “easy”. More importantly it would demonstrate the viability/challenges of the at-scale approach.  From our simulations we uncovered that at-scale, one might need to be managing as many as 20,000 aTaxis in a 2.5x2.5 mile area  (the extreme in Manhattan, which may be the last place that you want to try this) but it can be large. We’ll drill down in our data and take a look at Chandler/Phoenix and report back as to what we think it would take to provide mobility for all.  Alain

Monday, January 29, 2018 Didi Chuxing looks beyond ride-hailing to help Chinese cities tackle transport challenge Sunday, January 14, 2018

Say hello to Waymo

Jan. 9, T. Papandreou & E. Casson. “… Waymo driverless service…“  Read more Hmmmm…  Tim and Ellie made presentation at the Transportation Research Board’s Vehicle-Highway Automation (AHB30) Committee meeting on Tuesday in which they gave an update on Waymo’s progress to launch “Waymo’s driverless service” (slide 11), an app-based ride hailing service to the general public in a geo-fenced area of Arizona.  To date Waymo has been testing such a service using volunteer riders in their driverless vehicles in various areas around the country (slide 7): however, to date, except for one ride given to Steve Mahan in Austin, TX, rides on normally operating public streets have always had  trained Waymo-authorized personnel (an attendant) in the vehicle capable to intervene in the driving of the vehicle should the need arise. Since October, in Arizona, those personnel no longer sit behind the wheel, but are in the back seat so that Waymo can observe the response of the volunteer riders to riding in a vehicle on normal public streets under normal conditions without anyone in the front seats of the vehicle.

Tim said, without providing a specific date, that Waymo will soon launch “Waymo’s driverless service” providing mobility to the general public on public roads in a geo-fenced area of Arizona.  I asked Tim “Will that service be offered with vehicles that have an attendant in the vehicle?”. Tim’s answer was “No!”.  I asked a follow-up question: “Will these vehicle’s have telemetry capabilities that enable these vehicles to be closely monitored from a “situation room” or “control center” that would enable remote operation of the vehicle, should the need arise?”. Tim’s answer was  “No!”. Another questioner asked if the geo-fenced area included special “connected vehicle” road infrastructure improvement that Waymo’s system will be relying on?” Tim’s answer was “No!”.

While the definition of “soon” was not given, I’ve taken this as a really big pronouncement that Waymo is actually going to go to launch commercially-viable on-demand mobility to the general public on conventional public roads. This is really big news because this is finally going to enable us to begin to evolve on the “Kornhauser Scale” ( log of (world-wide VMT of Driverless (VMT-D) vehicles without a human attendant/driver on board accumulated while providing mobility to the general public on conventional roadways).  So far we are beyond the “undefined value” associated with VMT-D = 0 and are at KS = 1 only by virtue of the one Steve Mahan ride in Austin). :-) Alain

                                                      December 2,
                                                      2017

Personal Sedan Sales in Jeopardy as U.S. Auto Market Transitions to “Islands” of Autonomous Mobility: KPMG Research

                                                      November 26,
                                                      2017

Volvo to supply Uber with up to 24,000 self-driving SUVs for taxi fleet

                                                      November 17,
                                                      2017 [THE TECH & DESIGN ISSUE: LIFE AFTER DRIVING](https://www.nytimes.com/interactive/2017/11/07/magazine/tech-design-future-autonomous-cars-american-interstate-highway-roads-suburbs.html)

                                                      November 10,
                                                      2017

Waymo will now put self-driving vans on public roads with nobody at the wheel AP, Nov. 7, 2017 “Waymo, the self-driving car company created by Google, is pulling the human backup driver from behind the steering wheel and will test vehicles on public roads with only an employee in the back seat.

                                                      The company's
                                                      move — which
                                                      started Oct.
                                                      19 with an
                                                      automated
                                                      Chrysler
                                                      Pacifica
                                                      minivan in the
                                                      Phoenix suburb
                                                      of Chandler,
                                                      Ariz. — is a major step toward vehicles driving
                                                      themselves on
                                                      public roads
                                                      without human
                                                      backup
                                                      drivers. ..."
                                                      [Read more](http://www.latimes.com/business/autos/la-fi-hy-waymo-self-driving-20171107-story.html) Hmmmm...  Not to be
                                                      too critical,
                                                      but Waymo
                                                      is still just
                                                      'Self-driving'
                                                      .  While they
                                                      moved the
                                                      'engineer'
                                                      with the
                                                      ability to
                                                      'take over and
                                                      drive the
                                                      vehicle' from
                                                      behind the
                                                      wheel to the
                                                      back seat,
                                                      this is just a
                                                      step along the
                                                      broad
                                                      'Self-driving'
                                                      continuum
                                                      which is a
                                                      vehicle that,
                                                      under certain
                                                      circumstance,
                                                      can drive
                                                      itself, but
                                                      does that only
                                                      if there is a
                                                      person ready
                                                      and able to
                                                      take over if
                                                      the unexpected
                                                      appears.

The big-leap/major-step will come when Waymo removes the ‘engineer’ entirely from the vehicle and it is human-less when it arrives to pick up a passenger and drives away human-less after the last passenger(s) disembark. That enormous leap-of-faith in the technology will mark Waymo’s inception of the Driverless Era. (or what Waymo prefers to call ‘Fully Self-driving’ era.)

Just to be clear, when that time comes, I’m sure that Waymo will have telemetry throughout that Driverless vehicle and there will be a room full of engineers in Waymo’s ‘Situation Room’ ready to take over the driving should the need arise. However, until that time, Waymo is just like all the other

                                                      wanabes,
                                                      they are just
                                                      'Self-driving'
                                                      without the
                                                      'Fully'.

The reason why ‘remote emergency driving’ is ‘Driverless’ is because it scales.  By that I mean that it takes the provision of horizontal mobility on our public streets from needing at least one human per vehicle to needing less than one human per vehicle. Initially the remote driver will monitor one car. Before you know it that person will be monitoring two, four, eight, … vehicles and truly Driverless with zero remote human oversee-ers will be approached asymptotically. But just like the old saw between the engineer and the mathematician: engineer and mathematician were sitting on a bench recalling their youth… Engineer said “Long ago, I was sitting on this very bench with my girl.  We wanted to kiss but we were too far apart.  So we agreed to move towards each other by halving the distance between us on each move. The mathematician blared “ You’re so stupid!  If you did that, you never came together!” The engineer just smiled: “we got close enough!”. Alain

                                                      November 4,
                                                      2017 [APNewsBreak: Gov't won't pursue talking car mandate](http://abcnews.go.com/Technology/wireStory/ap-newsbreak-govt-pursue-talking-car-mandate-50855129)
                                                      October 27 ,
                                                      2017

Strategic Plan for FY 2018 -2022

                                                      October 15 ,
                                                      2017

Proposed Driverless Testing and Deployment Regulations – Released October 11, 2017

 Rulemaking Actions, Oct 1The following 3 PDFs are important:

1. Autonomous Vehicles Notice of Modification (PDF)  Act

2. Autonomous Vehicles Statement of Reasons (PDF) Act

3. Autonomous Vehicles 15 Day Express Terms (PDF) Act  Hmmmm..This is all about Driverless! Thank you California, and especially Dr. Bernard Soriano, for leading this noble effort and for continuing to distinguish this technology from Self-driving and all of the various other names seemingly meant to confuse. Alain

                                                      October 6 ,
                                                      2017

FHWA Awards $4 Million Grant to South Carolina’s Greenville County for Automated Taxi Shuttles

                                                      September 1,
                                                      2017

Automated Vehicles: Are We Moving Too Fast or Too Slow?

                                                      August 25,
                                                      2017

Inside Waymo’s Secret World for Training Self-Driving Cars

                                                      August 21,
                                                      2017

Driverless-Car Outlook Shifts as Intel Takes Over Mobileye

                                                      August 7, 2017

Cadillac’s Super Cruise ‘autopilot’ is ready for the expressway

                                                      June 25, 2017 [NTSB Opens Docket on Tesla Crash](https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/PR20170619.aspx) The docket
                                                      material is
                                                      available at:
                                                      [https://go.usa.gov/xNvaE](https://go.usa.gov/xNvaE)"
                                                      [Read more](https://www.ntsb.gov/news/press-releases/Pages/PR20170619.aspx) Hmmmm... A few comments...

1. Since lateral control (swerving) couldn’t have avoided this crash (the truck is almost 70 ft long (6 lanes wide) stretching broadside across the highway) , it doesn’t matter if Josh Brown ever had his hands on the steering wheel. That’s totally irrelevant.

2. Why didn’t autobrake kick in when the tractor part of the tractor-trailer passed in front of the Tesla?

3. How fast was the truck going when it cut off the Tesla.  I couldn’t find the answer in 500 pages.

4. With sight distances of greater than 1,000 feet, why didn’t the truck driver see the Tesla?  Was it the drugs?

5. This intersection invites “left-turn run-throughs” (no stop or yield and a 53 foot median and turn lane need to be crossed before one slips through a gap in two traffic lanes.  So you certainly roll into it, (plenty of room to stop if you see something coming) and if you don’t see anything, you hit it.  If you’re in the Tesla, you think you’ve been clearly seem, you expect the truck to stop, it doesn’t, you can’t believe it, BAM!  All in probably a second or so.

6. The head injury description (Table 1 p2 of 3) certainly suggests that Joshua Brown was seated upright facing forward at impact.  The bilateral lacerations on the lower arm from the elbow to the wrist may indicate that he saw it coming in the last second and raised his arms in an attempt to protect his head.   The evidence reported doesn’t seem to suggest he saw this early enough to bend toward the passenger seat and try to pass underneath.

7. About 40 feet of tractor and trailer passed directly in front of the Tesla prior to impact. Depending on how fast the truck was traveling, that takes some time. Has NTSB run Virtual Reality simulations of various truck turn trajectories and analyzed what the truck driver and the Tesla driver could/should have seen? Seems like a relatively simple thing to do.  We know what the Tesla was doing prior to the crash (going 74 mph straight down the road.) and we know where it hit the truck.  How fast the truck was traveling doesn’t seem to be known.

8. Why wasn’t there any video captured from the Tesla.  Didn’t that version of the MobilEye system store the video; I guess not, :-(

Anyway, lots to read in the 500 pages, but there is also a lot missing.  I’m not linking the many articles reporting on this because I disagree with many of their interpretations of the facts reported by NTSB.   Please reach your own conclusions. Alain

                                                      June 19, 2017

Amazon Deal for Whole Foods Starts a Supermarket War

                                                      May 28, 2017

[Rethinking Mobility: The

‘pay-as-you-go’ ca: Ride hailing, just the start](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/Rethinking%20Mobility_GoldmanSachsMay2017.pdf)

                                                      May 23, 2017

[Princeton

SmartDrivingCar Summit](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/SDC_Summit_2017/CommercializationSummit2017_WithLink_052117.pdf)

May 18, Enormously successful inaugural Summit starting with the Adam Jonas video and finishing with Fred Fishkin’s live interview with Wm. C Ford III. In between, serious engagementamong over 150 leaders from Communities at the bleeding edge of deployment, Insurance struggling with how to properly promote the adoption of technology that may well force them to re-invent themselves and AI (Artificial Intelligence) and the various technologies that are rapidly advancing so that we can actually deliver the safety, environmental, mobility and quality of life opportunities envisioned by these “Ultimate Shared-Riding Machines”.

                                                      Save the Date
                                                      for the 2nd
                                                      Annual... May
                                                      16 & 17,
                                                      2018,
                                                      Princeton NJ
                                                      [Read Inaugural Program with links to Slides](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/SDC_Summit_2017/CommercializationSummit2017_WithLink_052117.pdf). [Fishkin Interview of Summit Summary](https://youtu.be/KvLsgRyLyZw)
                                                      and [Interview of Yann LeCun](http://www.techstination.com/interview.jsp?interviewId=3001).
                                                      [Read Inaugural Program with links to Slides](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/SDC_Summit_2017/CommercializationSummit2017_WithLink_052117.pdf). Hmmmm... Enormous thank you to all who
                                                      participated.
                                                      Well done!
                                                      Alain

                                                      April 17, 2017

Don’t Worry, Driverless Cars Are Learning From Grand Theft Auto

Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving

announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars

Video similar to part of Adam’s Luncheon talk @ 2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec 1.  Hmmm … Watch Video especially at the 13:12 mark. Compelling; especially after the 60 Minutes segment above!  Also see his TipRanks. Alain

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