2019-06-29

2019-06-29

28th edition of the 7th year of SmartDrivingCars

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Apple acquires self-driving startup Drive.ai

I. Fried, June 25, “Apple bought Drive.ai, an autonomous driving startup once valued at $200 million, and has hired dozens of Drive.ai engineers, Apple confirmed to Axios on Tuesday.

Why it matters: The deal and hires confirm that Apple hasn’t given up its autonomous driving project.

Details: The deal comes after Drive.ai talked with multiple potential acquirers, but in the end Apple won out. Apple also purchased Drive.ai’s autonomous cars and other assets, sources tell Axios.

                                                    Drive.ai ceased
                                                    operations
                                                    within the last
                                                    2 weeks.

                                                    Apple's hires
                                                    are mostly in
                                                    engineering and
                                                    product design,
                                                    per a source.

                                                    The purchase
                                                    price was not
                                                    disclosed. Apple
                                                    was expected to
                                                    pay less than
                                                    the $77 million
                                                    Drive.ai raised
                                                    in venture
                                                    capital, to say
                                                    nothing of the
                                                    $200 million it
                                                    was valued at
                                                    two years ago,
                                                    after its Series
                                                    B round, Axios'
                                                    Dan Primack
                                                    reported
                                                    recently.

                                                    The backdrop:
                                                    Drive.ai's
                                                    highlighter-orange
                                                    vans ferried
                                                    workers around a
                                                    business park in
                                                    Frisco, Tex.,
                                                    and shuttled
                                                    fans in nearby
                                                    Arlington to
                                                    Cowboys games.

                                                    Drive.ai is
                                                    laying off 90
                                                    workers in
                                                    California, the
                                                    San Francisco
                                                    Chronicle
                                                    reported. And
                                                    the company
                                                    employed many
                                                    more in
                                                    Texas."

Read more  LHmmmm… ooks like a fire sale.  Does this mean that getting to “80% of Driverless” is valued at less than $100m? Ouch!  It is going to take deep pockets to get to “99.99% Driverless”. Alain

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 114

###

F. Fishkin, June 28, “With Apple making an autonomous tech acquisition, what plans might it have when it comes to driverless mobility? Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the latest from Tesla, Ford, Waymo, BMW and more on episode 114 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast! Tune in and subscribe. “ Just say “Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!” .  Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay … Alain

The Dispatcher, July 2019

M. Sena, June 26, “The July issue of The Dispatcher contains two articles. The first is about a subject that most car companies have put at the bottom of their ‘need-to-think-about’ list while they figure out how to electrify, how to turn themselves into mobility service providers and how to spin a tale for their investors about when their cars will drive themselves. Unfortunately, if they don’t revise their priorities, their investors will be looking for somewhere else to place their fortunes.

                                                      The second
                                                      article is
                                                      about FCA and
                                                      Renault.
                                                      Oftentimes,
                                                      the back story
                                                      is the
                                                      important one,
                                                      not the story
                                                      that is being
                                                      played out in
                                                      public. I take
                                                      a look at
                                                      Renault's past
                                                      to try to
                                                      understand a
                                                      little better
                                                      what is going
                                                      on with the
                                                      company today.
                                                      It was an
                                                      enlightening
                                                      investigation
                                                      and I'm
                                                      pleased to
                                                      share the
                                                      results with
                                                      you..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/q44x3up9mwzhbtd/The%20Dispatcher_July%202019.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm...
                                                      Michael,
                                                      another great
                                                      Dispatcher.
                                                      Enjoy
                                                      reading.  My
                                                      take is that
                                                      the OEMs
                                                      realize that
                                                      MaaS and
                                                      Driverless
                                                      vehicles may
                                                      well be a
                                                      pipe-dream
                                                      that attracts
                                                      all the
                                                      attention of
                                                      the regulators
                                                      and keeps them
                                                      busy, leaving
                                                      the OEMs alone
                                                      to monetize
                                                      their hundred
                                                      year old
                                                      business model
                                                      with cars that
                                                      require a
                                                      human
                                                      attendant/driver:
                                                      Sell to
                                                      consumers cars
                                                      that now have
                                                      affordable
                                                      automation (no
                                                      need of LiDAR)
                                                      that makes
                                                      personally-owned
                                                      cars safer,
                                                      easier and
                                                      more
                                                      comfortable to
                                                      drive.  Since
                                                      these cars are
                                                      fundamentally
                                                      no different
                                                      than
                                                      conventional
                                                      cars (a '55
                                                      Chevy), there
                                                      is no need for
                                                      any new
                                                      regulatory
                                                      oversight.
                                                      With an
                                                      expanding
                                                      world market
                                                      of captive
                                                      customers
                                                      (best mobility
                                                      alternative is
                                                      to walk) all
                                                      of the OEMs
                                                      will do just
                                                      fine, thank
                                                      you!  Their
                                                      financial
                                                      outlook has
                                                      never looked
                                                      so good.
                                                      Alain

Florida’s latest oddity: Semi trucks with nobody inside them

P. Hooey, June 26, “ At first glance, the 18-wheeler, white with green lettering crawling down its side, looked like any other heavy-duty truck on the road.  The vehicle merged onto the busy Florida Turnpike earlier this month, smoothly changing lanes and reaching 55 mph before eventually exiting the highway nearly 10 miles later.

                                                      The truck
                                                      didn't have
                                                      any cargo, but
                                                      it was
                                                      carrying a
                                                      closely
                                                      guarded
                                                      secret: There
                                                      was nobody in
                                                      the cab..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.washingtonpost.com/technology/2019/06/26/floridas-latest-oddity-semi-trucks-with-nobody-inside-them/?utm_term=.7f0f4f2d7c86)  Hmmmm... We'll believe Starsky that there was nobody is the cab,
                                                      so there is
                                                      some good
                                                      news.  The not
                                                      so good news
                                                      is that there
                                                      was an
                                                      entourage of
                                                      escort
                                                      vehicles in
                                                      front and in
                                                      back just in
                                                      case anything
                                                      started to
                                                      fall apart,
                                                      than you!  The
                                                      more not good
                                                      news is that
                                                      the whole
                                                      concept
                                                      entails a
                                                      remote
                                                      driver.  It
                                                      also requires
                                                      requires continuous high
                                                      bandwidth
                                                      communications
                                                      with low
                                                      latency (which
                                                      is not
                                                      available
                                                      today in many
                                                      stretches of
                                                      the US
                                                      Interstate
                                                      system, but
                                                      will be OK in
                                                      the near
                                                      enough
                                                      future).    These
                                                      limitations
                                                      make the
                                                      business case
                                                      for this
                                                      concept only
                                                      marginally
                                                      better than
                                                      having a
                                                      driver
                                                      on-board.
                                                      However, this
                                                      is an
                                                      accomplishment
                                                      that was done
                                                      carefully, not
                                                      recklessly,
                                                      and is
                                                      possible
                                                      because of [Florida's welcoming of Driverless technology](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/florida-self-driving-car-bill-hb311/).
                                                        We now need
                                                      3 categories
                                                      of
                                                      Driverless-without-attendant/driver-on-
                                                      board
                                                      ("Driverless_w/o")
                                                      accomplishments :
                                                      1.
                                                      Driverless_w/o
                                                      in a highly
                                                      controlled roadway/guideway  environment (private roads, restricted access by other
                                                      users, ...,
                                                      example: Olli
                                                      @ Ft Myer w/o
                                                      attendant;
                                                      Morgantown
                                                      PRT, Airport
                                                      people movers,
                                                      rather
                                                      common), 2.  Driverless_w/o
                                                      with remote
                                                      operator
                                                      (example: this
                                                      demo, ~10 VMT
                                                      (Vehicle Miles
                                                      traveled)
                                                      total
                                                      world-wide),
                                                      and 3.
                                                      Driverless w/o
                                                      in normal
                                                      traffic
                                                      conditions on
                                                      normal roads
                                                      (example: [Waymo's Firefly driving Steve Mahan](https://youtu.be/ArYTxDZzQOM)
                                                      around in
                                                      Austin Texas
                                                      in 2015, and
                                                      maybe [few Waymo trip](https://www.theverge.com/2018/12/5/18126103/waymo-one-self-driving-taxi-service-ride-safety-alphabet-cost-app)s
                                                      in Chandler AZ
                                                      in 2018.
                                                      (That's it for
                                                      examples from
                                                      around the
                                                      world!  My
                                                      guess... <
                                                      1,000 VMT
                                                      world-wide
                                                      since Adam
                                                      & Eve).
                                                      So
                                                      congratulations
                                                      Starsky.
                                                      Alain

Ford’s Argo AI Invests $15 Million For Robocar Research Center At Carnegie Mellon

G. Gardner, June 24, “Argo AI, a Pittsburgh-based artificial intelligence and autonomous vehicle tech company, is investing $15 million to establish a Center for Autonomous Vehicle Research at Carnegie Mellon University to improve self-driving technology.

                                                      The grant is
                                                      for five
                                                      years. The
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Research
                                                      center will
                                                      focus on
                                                      improving
                                                      sensors'
                                                      perception and
                                                      algorithms
                                                      designed to
                                                      improve safety
                                                      and
                                                      reliability in
                                                      a range of
                                                      conditions
                                                      including
                                                      winter
                                                      weather,
                                                      especially
                                                      snow, and
                                                      construction
                                                      zones.

                                                      "We are
                                                      thrilled to
                                                      deepen our
                                                      partnership
                                                      with Argo AI
                                                      to shape the
                                                      future of
                                                      self-driving
                                                      technologies,"
                                                      Carnegie
                                                      Mellon
                                                      President
                                                      Farnam
                                                      Jahanian said
                                                      in a
                                                      statement.
                                                      "This
                                                      investment
                                                      allows our
                                                      researchers to
                                                      continue to
                                                      lead at the
                                                      nexus of
                                                      technology and
                                                      society, and
                                                      solve
                                                      society's most
                                                      pressing
                                                      problems."..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/greggardner/2019/06/24/fords-argo-ai-invests-15-million-for-av-research-center-at-carnegie-mellon/#5a14113e1e36)  Hmmmm... Congratulations CMU!  Great call Argo! Alain

Tesla’s millions of cameras are capturing some crazy things – videos

F. Lambert, June 24, “When Tesla deployed its new TeslaCam and Sentry Mode features, it basically enabled millions of cameras (8 per car) installed on its vehicles to capture videos of their surroundings.

                                                      Those cameras
                                                      are now
                                                      capturing some
                                                      crazy things.
                                                      Here are some
                                                      of the
                                                      videos:  In
                                                      September of
                                                      last year,
                                                      Tesla released
                                                      a software
                                                      update to
                                                      enable owners
                                                      of vehicles
                                                      with Autopilot
                                                      hardware to
                                                      use the
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      cameras to
                                                      record footage
                                                      when needed –
                                                      like a dashcam
                                                      – hence why
                                                      they called
                                                      the feature:
                                                      "TeslaCam".

                                                      Building on
                                                      its previously
                                                      released
                                                      dashcam
                                                      feature, Tesla
                                                      enabled the
                                                      use of more
                                                      cameras around
                                                      the vehicle
                                                      and activated
                                                      a "stand-by"
                                                      parking mode
                                                      earlier this
                                                      year.  The
                                                      feature became
                                                      Sentry Mode,
                                                      which also
                                                      includes an
                                                      alarm and
                                                      notification
                                                      system to
                                                      deter thieves
                                                      even more —
                                                      efficiently
                                                      creating a
                                                      system to
                                                      watch over
                                                      Tesla vehicles
                                                      when their
                                                      owners are not
                                                      around...."  [Read more](https://www.engadget.com/2019/06/25/bmw-vision-m-next-autonomous-concept-unveil/?utm_source=sailthru&utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=the_morning_after&guccounter=1)   Hmmmm....  [See videos](https://youtu.be/AeM37iPkzrQ)
                                                      All should be
                                                      placed in the
                                                      public domain
                                                      so that all of
                                                      us can learn
                                                      from them.
                                                      Alain

BMW Vision M Next: An autonomous car for people who love driving

R. Baldwin, June 25, “There’s a fear from some that when cars drive themselves, that’ll be the end of the joy of driving. Why even get behind the wheel if your vehicle can get you to your destination while you sit back and relax? BMW – which boasts the tag line “the ultimate driving machine” – has a concept that’ll appease the future-looking owner that doesn’t want to deal with the horrors of gridlock but needs to feel like they’re in control while carving up mountain passes.

To help shore up its bona fides as a “driver’s car” the low-slung concept offers drivers the choice between all-wheel drive and rear-wheel drive. The turbocharged four-cylinder hybrid powertrain outputs 600 horsepower and has a top speed of 186 miles an hour. You know, just in case the carpool lane ever gets supercharged…” Read more   Hmmmm…  So much for the ultimate riding machine. Alain

June AStuff Newsletter

B. hambrick, June 26, “ We formally launched the Open Autonomy Pilot at the beginning of June in downtown Peoria, Illinois, with the help of Mayor Jim Ardis and a host of other community-minded folks from the Peoria Area Chamber of Commerce.

                                                      Our automated
                                                      research and
                                                      development
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      now
                                                      circulating on
                                                      a defined
                                                      route through
                                                      downtown to
                                                      gather data
                                                      and test
                                                      software with
                                                      the goal of
                                                      refining the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      capabilities
                                                      for partners
                                                      and other
                                                      research and
                                                      development
                                                      organizations.
                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/5vq4q7zqttamebb/June%20AStuff%20Newsletter%20_%20Newsletters%20_%20AutonomouStuff.html?dl=0)   Hmmmm... AutonomuStuff keeps getting better.
                                                      Alain

For Mass-Market Cars, Forget L3-L5 Autonomy

C. Barnden, June 24, “Mass-market car OEMs are heading for extinction, right? We all know that they will be killed by Tesla and robo-taxi companies like Cruise, Uber and Waymo, who are just quarters away from deploying perfect “self-driving” technology — aren’t they? Let’s take a look at the 2018 production volumes for an indication of where the power really lies here:

                                                             Tesla:
                                                      about 250,000

                                                      Robo-taxis: 0

                                                      Traditional
                                                      mass-market
                                                      car OEMs:
                                                      about 95
                                                      million

                                                      Does anyone
                                                      seriously
                                                      believe the
                                                      traditional
                                                      OEMs will
                                                      supply
                                                      robo-taxi
                                                      companies in
                                                      sufficient
                                                      quantity to
                                                      bring about
                                                      their own
                                                      demise? No, me
                                                      neither.

                                                      The threat
                                                      from Tesla and
                                                      mobility
                                                      startups has
                                                      been massively
                                                      overstated
                                                      these last
                                                      five years —
                                                      media hype and
                                                      ambitious
                                                      timescales
                                                      cannot
                                                      disguise the
                                                      fact that
                                                      "self-driving"
                                                      technology
                                                      remains firmly
                                                      in the R&D
                                                      phase and is
                                                      nowhere close
                                                      to commercial deployment...."  [Read more](https://www.eetimes.com/author.asp?section_id=36&doc_id=1334845#)  Hmmmm...  This
                                                      has been
                                                      obvious for a
                                                      very long time
                                                      and one
                                                      doesn't need
                                                      the SAE Level
                                                      mumbo jumbo to
                                                      make it
                                                      obvious to the
                                                      most casual
                                                      observer.
                                                      There are only
                                                      two types:
                                                      cars that need
                                                      a human driver
                                                      to be used
                                                      safely within
                                                      itsoperational
                                                      domain and
                                                      those that
                                                      have an
                                                      automated
                                                      system that
                                                      can drive
                                                      safely just as
                                                      well or better
                                                      without a
                                                      human
                                                      driver/attendant
                                                      within its
                                                      operational
                                                      domain.
                                                      Detroit will
                                                      "design/build/assemble/market/sell2consumers"
                                                      the former; Silicon Valley will
                                                      "design/specOut{build/assemble/operate}
                                                      the latter"
                                                      Alain

[2019

SmartDrivingCar Summit Videos - Wednesday Morning Before Break](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6YKyzOSJOwAFjcTIfBtbuEvDtgHapwao)

                                                      K. Pyle June,
                                                      2019, "The
                                                      Wednesday
                                                      morning
                                                      sessions
                                                      covered
                                                      changing
                                                      demographics,
                                                      equal
                                                      opportunity of
                                                      driverless
                                                      mobility, ADAS
                                                      update, TNCs,
                                                      serving the
                                                      mobility
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      from the
                                                      beginning,
                                                      inclusive
                                                      design and the
                                                      Washington
                                                      perspective on
                                                      driverless.

                                                      "  [See more](https://www.youtube.com/playlist?list=PL6YKyzOSJOwAFjcTIfBtbuEvDtgHapwao)  Hmmmm... Thank you Ken!  Alain

2019 SDC - Wednesday Morning After Break

K. Pyle June, 2019, “ This playlist captures the Wednesday morning comments about ridesharing, its potential impact on greenhouse gas emissions, the effectiveness of existing electronic safety measures, testing of early autonomous vehicles at the University at Buffalo and the important elements required to create AI that people can trust.  See more  Hmmmm… Thank you Ken!  Alain

Mathematics of Transportation

                                                      Webinar, June
                                                      11, "Professor
                                                      [Pascal Van Hentenryck](https://www.isye.gatech.edu/users/pascal-van-hentenryck)
                                                      and Alain
                                                      Komhauser will
                                                      discuss
                                                      mathematical
                                                      approaches
                                                      that inform
                                                      transportation
                                                      policies and
                                                      improve
                                                      transportation
                                                      networks."  [Read more](http://sites.nationalacademies.org/deps/bmsa/deps_183972)  Hmmmm...  [Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/mco6quavohcgwl8/KornhauserMathFrontiers_Mathematics%20of%20Transportation_061119.pptx?dl=0),
                                                      video to be
                                                      posted soon.
                                                      We had only 15
                                                      minutes each
                                                      so hardly
                                                      enough time to
                                                      even begin to
                                                      scratch the
                                                      surface. Alain

Half-baked stuff that probably doesn’t deserve

                                                      your time

C’mon Man!(These

                                                      folks didn't
                                                      get/read the
                                                      memo)

##

Simply ClickBait

Calendar

                                                      of Upcoming
                                                      Events:

September 4-6, 2019 Pocono Manor, PA

###

Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

evening May 19 through May 21, 2020

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

###

##

Recent PodCasts

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 113

###

F. Fishkin, June 21, “With new European and Japanese car maker alliances, is Waymo throwing in the towel on driverless transportation? Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser wonders out loud. That and more on Lexus, Local Motors and others with co-host Fred Fishkin on the Smart Driving Cars podcast. “ Just say “Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!” .  Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay … Alain Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 112 - J. Hardiman NJM

###

F. Fishkin, June 9, “Should the insurance industry be pushing more safety and autonomous tech in cars? It’s a win, win says Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser. Joining him in the discussion along with co-host Fred Fishkin is NJM’s John Hardiman, a board member of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. Also…Fiat Chrysler, Ford and more.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 110 - Lance Elliot

###

F. Fishkin, May 25, “ The untold secrets of driverless car videos. Dr. Lance Eliot joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a liveley discussion. Plus…Waymo brings back self driving trucks, so will Daimler and is the future driverless for Uber and Lyft. Tune in and subscribe!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 108 3rd Summit Wrapup

###

F. Fishkin, May 18, “Wrapping up the 3rd annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit, Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin zero in on mobility for all and more. It’s just getting started. Plus the headlines from Nissan, Tesla, Uber and Lyft. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 107 3rd Summit Leilei Shinohara & Staff Sergeant Terence McDonnell

F. Fishkin, May 18, “In this special edition from the 3rd Annual Princeton Smart Driving Cars Summit, Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin are joined by RoboSense VP Leilei Shinohara on the LiDAR’s benefits. And view of autonomous technology from law enforcement with New York State Police

                                                    Staff Sergeant
                                                    Terence
                                                    McDonnell." [Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 106 3rd Summit David Kidd & Cecillia Feeley](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-106)

F. Fishkin, May 18, “From the 3rd Annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit, David Kidd from the Highway Loss Data Institute joins Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin and then on site preliminary research results on mobility for all with Cecilia Feeley and Andrea Lubin from Rutgers.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 105 3rd Summit John Eggert & Kurtis Hodge

F. Fishkin, May 18, “At the third annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit, Velodyne execs John Eggert and Vidya Devarasetty outline the latest, lower cost LiDAR. And co-hosts Alain Kornhauser and Fred Fishkin hop aboard the autonomous Olli for more with Local Motors Economist Kurtis Hodge.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 104 3rd Summit Anil Lewis & Katherine Freund

F. Fishkin, May 18,, “From the 3rd Annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit, join Professor Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. In this special edition, the summit’s focus on mobility for all with guests Anil Lewis, Executive Director of Blindness Initiatives at the National Federation of the Blind and ITN America Founder Katherine Freund.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 100 - Andrei Greenawalt’99/Via

April 5, F. Fishkin, “The success of on demand transit company Via is proving that ride sharing systems can work. Public Policy head Andrei Greenawalt joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a wide ranging discussion. Also: Uber, Tesla, Audi, Apple and Nuro are making headlines”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 98- Matt Daus

April 5, F. Fishkin, “Here comes congestion pricing in New York City…but what will it mean? Former city Taxi and Limousine Commission head and transportation expert Matthew Daus joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Also…Tesla, VW and even Brexit! All on Episode 98 of Smart Driving Cars.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 97 - Michael Sena’69

March 28, F. Fishkin, “The Future Networked Car? From Sweden, The Dispatcher publisher, Michael Sena, joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for the latest edition of Smart Driving Cars. Plus …the Boeing story has much to do with autonomous vehicles and more. Tune in and subscribe.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 82 -Intel, Sciarappo & Jitsik, Loeb

F. Fishkin, Jan. 9, “One of the top chip makers in the world and a start up. Intel’s strategic marketing director for autonomous driving Jill Sciarappo and the founder of Jitsik, Dr. Helen Loeb join co-hosts Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and Fred Fishkin for Episode 82 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast from CES.” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 81 -nVIDIA, Shapiro & Local  Motors / Olli, Hodge

F. Fishkin, Jan. 9, “How NVIDIA is paving the way for self driving cars and a new OLLI automated transport from Local Motors. NVIDIA’s Senior Director for Automotive, Danny Shapiro and Kurtis Hodge of Local Motors join co-hosts Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and Fred Fishkin for another edition of Smart Driving Cars from CES 2019..”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 75 - PAVE; Nantel, Erlich, Riccobono

###

F. Fishkin, Jan. 9, “From CES in Las Vegas, a new industry organization, PAVE, is formed. Partners for Automated Vehicle Education. And some founding members join co-hosts Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and Fred Fishkin for an on site discussion. Guests include National Safety Council VP Kelly Nantel, Voyage VP Justin Erlich and National Federation of the Blind President Mark Riccobono.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 71-Nader’55

F. Fishkin, Dec. 13, “When it comes to self driving cars, Ralph Nader says “Not so fast.” The renowned political activist and author takes the government and the industry to task in a super sized Episode 71 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 69 - Chunka Mui

F. Fishkin, Nov 29, “What will it take for driverless vehicles to become a leading form of transportation? Futurist and author Chunka Mui joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for Episode 69 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. Plus…Waymo, GM, Amazon and more. Tune in and subscribe! “

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 68 - Dick Mudge

F. Fishkin, Nov 22, “The insurance industry hears about the outlook for automated vehicles. Co-author Dick Mudge joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for Episode 68 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. Plus…Uber, GM Cruise, Waymo, VW and more. Tune in and subscribe!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 66 - Bishop & Zimmerman

F. Fishkin, Nov 8, “Daimler is partnering with Bosch to bring an autonomous ride hailing service to San Jose next year. In this edition, the Director of Engineering at Bosch joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to outline how it will work. Plus Richard Bishop joins us fresh from an International Task Force on Vehicle Highway Automation in Denmark. And more!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 65 - Bernard Soriano, CA DMV

F. Fishkin, Nov 1, “California gives Waymo the green light for fully driverless vehicle testing on public roads and the state’s deputy director of the Department of Motor Vehicles, Bernard Soriano, joins the Smart Driving Cars podcast with the no nonsense details. Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin explore that and more. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 58-Keith Code, Motorcycles

F. Fishkin, Sept 22  “In this edition of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast, Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and co-host Fred Fishkin are joined by the founder of the Superbike School, Keith Code. Keith is an instructor, coach, author and researcher into motorcycle safety…and a champion racer. Beyond that….he’s an old high school friend of Alain’s! And there’s more on BMW, Apple, VW and more! . Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 55-Larry Burns, Autonomy

F. Fishkin, Sept 6,  “The coming new world of driverless cars! In Episode 55 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast former GM VP and adviser to Waymo Larry Burns chats with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and Fred Fishkin about his new book “Autonomy: The Quest to Build the Driverless Car and How it Will Reshape Our World”

Recent Highlights of:

#

###

                                                      June 21, 2019

  Lexus Moves One Step Closer to a World Without Crashes (Lexus may have pulled the press release???) Press Release, June 19, “…Collisions that result in injury can often be caused by a delay in a driver’s recognition of the situation and his or her ability to react accordingly.

                                                      In a move to
                                                      help prevent
                                                      such accidents
                                                      before they
                                                      happen, the
                                                      Lexus Safety
                                                      System+ will
                                                      be a standard
                                                      feature in all
                                                      US Lexus
                                                      vehicles
                                                      starting with
                                                      the 2020 model
                                                      year. "We are
                                                      working toward
                                                      preventing
                                                      crashes before
                                                      they happen,"
                                                      said David
                                                      Christ, group
                                                      vice president
                                                      and general
                                                      manager, Lexus
                                                      Division."
                                                      That's why we
                                                      have developed
                                                      some of the
                                                      most advanced
                                                      safety
                                                      features on
                                                      the road
                                                      today, and now
                                                      those systems
                                                      will be
                                                      standard
                                                      equipment on
                                                      every model we
                                                      sell.  ..Nice!...

Designed to help protect drivers, passengers and pedestrians, the Lexus Safety System+ is an integrated suite of four advanced active safety packages anchored by automated pre-collision warning and braking. They include:

  • Pre-Collison System with Pedestrian Detection

This system is engineered to help detect a preceding vehicle or a pedestrian … why not also a stationary fire truck, or a car stopped at a controlled intersection, or a brick wall, or…??? NotGoodEnough!… Below see Advanced Driver Assistance Systems: The ADAS Road to AV Reality - #SmartDrivingCar… in front of the Lexus under certain conditions . Should the system detect a pedestrian or a potential frontal collision, it’s designed to activate an audible and visual alert while automatically preparing Brake Assist for increased braking response… why not also begin immediately to brake and slow down ? (Hint…“not sure” is not the right answer.)  If the situation is sufficient for you to alert the driver why isn’t it good enough to immediately start to reduce the speed of the car.  Worse case is that you added a couple of seconds to the trip.  The driver can always override the brakes by pushing harder on the gas pedal if the driver insists on tailgating or is committing suicide or ???. NotGoodEnough!…. If the driver does not brake in time,… are you kidding??  You knew a crash was impending, and you waited until it was too late??? NotGoodEnough!… the system is designed to automatically begin braking before impact… and then you’ll slam on the brakes??? NotGoodEnough!… and, in some cases… Not most/many cases; just some cases??? NotGoodEnough!…, can even bring the vehicle to a stop

  • Lane Departure Alert …OK, but not Lane Centering…

  • Intelligent High Beams … Great…

  • Dynamic Radar Cruise Control

This system uses radar and camera technology to help maintain a preset speed and following distance from the vehicle ahead. If driving at highway speeds and the road ahead clears, the vehicle returns to its preset speed. …. Great, but a couple of questions… 1.  If the system is on and I tap the brakes, does the system turn off just the acceleration function because it understands that I tapped the brakes because I felt that I was going too fast so the system should not override my explicit signal. Nice!! However, does it also assume that I really know what I’m doing? Consequently, it also turns off the brake function even in situations in which I am not applying enough brake forces and a crash is imminent? Does it again wait until it is too late and and refuse to help me in those critical moments?  Then you’ll slam on the NotGoodEnough! (Note… my S Anti-lock Braking ystem explicitly overrides the way that I’m applying the brakes and keeps me from doing the wrong thing. Thank you ABS!  What makes the AEB situation different when the system knows better and could really help me in an as critical situation?

2. What happens if the system is on and I’m following a car at my preset distance going 10 mph under my desired speed.  The car ahead changes lanes because she sees that a parked fire truck is in our lane ahead.  Once her car clears my lane ahead, does the Dynamic Radar Cruise Control system take into account the existence of the parked firetruck ahead and brings me to a smooth stop before hitting the Firetruck?   Or, does the system begin to accelerate to my desired speed and simply leave it to the Pre-Collison System with Pedestrian Detection system to try to “save the day” after it is too late?……..”

Read more  Hmmmm… Again, very nice that these features will be standard.  It is really unfortunate that they are not better. Hopefully, since the limitations that I expressed above are all software related, Lexus will be able to do over-the-air (or otherwise) updates of the software as soon as Lexus has put more effort into the “intelligence” that uses the data streams generated by their cameras and radars   Alain June 14, 2019   Hyundai self-driving deal points to industry-wide pattern T. Lee, June 13, “It has been a busy week for Aurora, the self-driving startup founded by veterans of the Google, Tesla, and Uber self-driving programs. On Monday, Aurora announced it had forged a partnership with Fiat Chrysler. On Tuesday, Aurora said it was ending its partnership with Volkswagen. Now Hyundai is deepening its partnership with Aurora with an equity investment.

                                                      It's the
                                                      latest example
                                                      of an
                                                      industry-wide
                                                      pattern: one
                                                      after another,
                                                      car companies
                                                      have made big
                                                      investments in
                                                      self-driving
                                                      startups. And
                                                      these deals
                                                      mean that
                                                      carmakers are
                                                      effectively
                                                      entering into
                                                      self-driving
                                                      alliances with
                                                      one
                                                      another....

All of the recent deals between car companies and self-driving companies could put Waymo in a difficult position. Waymo has been working on self-driving technology much longer than any of its rivals, and the company aimed to introduce a driverless taxi service long before others came to market. In that scenario, Waymo would have its choice of automotive partners, so Waymo has been keeping its options open.

                                                      But the
                                                      reality is
                                                      that Waymo
                                                      will need help
                                                      from
                                                      automakers to
                                                      scale up
                                                      rapidly. As
                                                      more and more
                                                      automakers
                                                      commit to
                                                      Waymo's
                                                      rivals, Waymo
                                                      risks becoming
                                                      stranded—with industry-leading sensors and software but limited capacity to integrate
                                                      the technology
                                                      into a large
                                                      number of
                                                      vehicles...."
                                                      [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2019/06/hyundai-self-driving-deal-points-to-industry-wide-pattern/)  Hmmmm... Good summary of "self-driving car"
                                                      partnerships
                                                      but, by
                                                      including
                                                      Waymo in the
                                                      mix, it is
                                                      conflating
                                                      what I
                                                      continue to
                                                      contend are
                                                      two VERY
                                                      different
                                                      markets...
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      and
                                                      Driverless.
                                                      What makes
                                                      them like oil
                                                      & vinegar
                                                      is that
                                                      self-driving
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      for the
                                                      Consumer
                                                      market and are
                                                      little
                                                      different from
                                                      conventional
                                                      cars.
                                                      Driverless
                                                      cars are for
                                                      the
                                                      Fleet/Business
                                                      market.

Self-driving cars require a driver in order to deliver any meaningful mobility or value.  Their automation stack delivers additional comfort, convenience and safety to the auto industry’s existing customer base.  As such it is a “consumer play” and requires no regulations or public oversight other than what exists today.  Any safety issues can be handled through standard “product liability” and standard “NHTSA recall” procedures. Its market penetration evolution is like going from manual transmission to automatic transmission, as Tesla is demonstrating with AutoPilot. From outside the car, one can’t tell if it has it or doesn’t.  It is a consumer choice at time of purchase.

Tesla is creating its own “automatic transmission”/”AutoPilot stack”.  Other OEMs are hedging their bets by partnering with technology provider for their self-driving technology stack. They’ll continue to produce the rest of the car, as they have done for years, and possibly outsource their “automatic transmission” when the time comes.

Driverless cars  are “mobility machines” when managed as a fleet delivering mobility to individuals. They are  a “business play”.  It is all about the economic efficiency/profitability in delivering mobility to individuals. The fundamental value is in the opportunity to provide consistent reliable affordable mobility at scale.  The technology stack has taken the inconsistency, unreliability and monetary cost of a human driver out of the loop.  Since algorithms, rather than people, tailor the service to meet individual needs, such systems scale attractively. All of this MUST be done safely without a driver/attendant, else the economics/affordability/scalability completely collapses.

From outside the car one can tell that there isn’t a driver in the driver’s seat. Consequently, public oversight at all levels from top to grass roots will need to be comfortable with this thing with no driver in it going down their street and invading their neighborhood and transporting their kids, grandmas, mobility disadvantaged, … . Everyone is going to weigh-in with perceptions and regulations. Consequently, the deployment of the technology is going to need to be “welcomed” . “Uber-like swashbuckling bravado isn’t going to cut is.

Driverless Mobility-as-a-Service is the market that Waymo (and GM/Cruise and Ford/Argo) have been going after. Because of its need to be “welcomed” (or at least not disdained) by the residents and businesses that abut the streets over which these vehicles deliver their mobility, the deployment dynamics for Driverless is very different from Self-driving. All Self-driving needs is for Madison Avenue / “Elon Musk” to convince individuals of the comfort and convenience of being able to have the car drive itself some of the time and they are sold. Driverless requires substantial public relations/education of communities to achieve “welcoming”. A real “ground war”. That is what Waymo (and GM/Cruise and Ford/Argo) needs to conduct to just get started.  Once started Waymo need to continue it to scale (Value is achieved only with scale).

Finding OEMs that will sell Waymo cars on which to affix its technology stack will not be the problem.  The car is the commodity. The welcoming of the technology stack by communities is the fundamental differentiator. Waymo is sitting on an order for at least 82,000 cars from FCA and Jaguar. The order has been announced, but not executed because insufficient “ground warfare” has even been waged, let alone been successful (except in Arizona). With welcoming environment these 82,000 mobility machines could be serving 4 million person trips per day in communities throughout the country. (Note… our nation’s transit systems today (only) serve an equivalent number of person trips; although they are longer trips taken in much more densely populated areas.  The Waymo-served trips would likely be trips that our conventional transit systems can’t effectively serve and thus complement conventional transit.  Some of the trips would replace auto trips. The others would be new trips by persons who can’t or don’t want to drive their own car for whatever reason and whose lives have been substantially disadvantaged because their mobility needs aren’t effectively served by either the personal car or conventional mass transit.

The other elephants in the room that aren’t mentioned in the article are SoftBank and Tesla. Today Tesla “owns” the Self-driving market and SoftBank is “involved” with essentially everyone except Tesla and Waymo. Alain June 8, 2019

                                                      [What Truck Drivers Think About Autonomous Trucking](https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/30/business/truck-drivers-autonomous-trucking.html) W.
                                                      MacNaughton,
                                                      June 1, "We've
                                                      all heard
                                                      about the
                                                      advent of
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Trucking - but
                                                      mostly from
                                                      people who
                                                      work in the
                                                      tech
                                                      industry.  So
                                                      this week,
                                                      I've been
                                                      visiting (and
                                                      sleeping,
                                                      eating and
                                                      showering in)
                                                      truck stops in
                                                      Nevada, Utah
                                                      and Idaho to
                                                      hear what truck
                                                      drivers
                                                      themselves
                                                      have to say
                                                      about the
                                                      future of the
                                                      profession.
                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/30/business/truck-drivers-autonomous-trucking.html)  Hmmmm... This is excellent.  One thing that was
                                                      missed...  If
                                                      done
                                                      appropriately,
                                                      (operative
                                                      word here is
                                                      appropriately,
                                                      not really
                                                      what has been
                                                      done so
                                                      far...) ...
                                                      ""autonomy"
                                                      could help me
                                                      drive much
                                                      more safely
                                                      and really
                                                      help me if it
                                                      focused on
                                                      reducing the
                                                      stress or
                                                      anxiety that
                                                      driving causes
                                                      me.  It would
                                                      really be nice
                                                      if I could
                                                      relax and
                                                      think about
                                                      something else
                                                      at least some
                                                      of the time
                                                      when I drive.
                                                      Much of
                                                      driving is
                                                      very simple...
                                                      but very
                                                      boring. Please
                                                      help me do my
                                                      job more
                                                      safely.  I'll
                                                      then be fresh
                                                      and really be
                                                      able to handle
                                                      the tough hard
                                                      stuff.  Do for
                                                      me what
                                                      automation
                                                      does for
                                                      pilots.  I'm
                                                      just as
                                                      important."
                                                      Alain

Saturday, June 1, 2019

                                                      [Uber's First Earnings Report After I.P.O.: $1 Billion Loss](https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/30/technology/uber-stock-earnings.html) K. Conger,
                                                      May 30,
                                                      "Uber's start
                                                      as a publicly
                                                      traded company
                                                      has gone from
                                                      bumpy to
                                                      bumpier.  In
                                                      its first
                                                      earnings
                                                      report since
                                                      listing its
                                                      shares on the
                                                      stock market
                                                      this month,
                                                      the
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      giant on
                                                      Thursday
                                                      reported its
                                                      slowest growth
                                                      in years and
                                                      steep losses
                                                      for the first
                                                      three months
                                                      of 2019..."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2019/05/30/technology/uber-stock-earnings.html)  Hmmmm...  In its most basic form, the ride hailing
                                                      business has
                                                      revenue ($r)
                                                      and costs ($c)
                                                      proportional
                                                      to number of
                                                      rides (R).
                                                      Let $r = A*R
                                                      and $c = B*R.
                                                      So
                                                      Profitability
                                                      (P) { P =  ($r
                                                      -$c) = (A - B)
                                                      * R } is all
                                                      about (A - B)
                                                      .  We know
                                                      that at
                                                      today's
                                                      ridership,
                                                      R(now),
                                                      (A(now)
                                                      -B(now)) is
                                                      negative.  We
                                                      also know that
                                                      as ridership
                                                      increases, new
                                                      drivers will
                                                      need to be
                                                      paid more (B
                                                      gets bigger),
                                                      simply because
                                                      the demand for
                                                      driver
                                                      services goes
                                                      up.  We also
                                                      know that to
                                                      attract more
                                                      riders,
                                                      revenue per
                                                      ride will
                                                      necessarily go
                                                      down (A gets
                                                      smaller).
                                                      Yikes...
                                                      Ride-hailing
                                                      faces a double
                                                      whammy... as
                                                      it scales
                                                      (gets more
                                                      people to
                                                      ride) it loses
                                                      even more from
                                                      the average
                                                      rider than it
                                                      does today
                                                      plus that
                                                      bigger
                                                      negative
                                                      number gets
                                                      multiplied by
                                                      a bigger
                                                      number of
                                                      rides.

When each unit incurs a loss,  making up losses by increasing volume is known to not be a viable approach. Increasing volume when unit losses increase with increasing volume is really not viable!

The only road to profitability, other than a major pivot, is to be more discriminating in who you serve… Serve fewer riders. Unfortunately, when you finally get Ridership small enough so that A-B is positive, that number gets multiplied by a smaller number of riders such that the gross amount is nowhere near sufficient to justify valuations greater than that of a lemonade stand.  Uber serves about 1B trips per quarter, which means today, they loses $1/ride.  To be worth $40B they need to make $1 on each of the 4B trips they serve per year.  How Uber gets from a history of losing $1/ride to making $1/ride @ 4B rides/year is an open question.  As is making $10/ride @ 400M rides/year? As is making $0.10/ride @ 40B rides per year?  Alain

                                                      May 28, 2019


                                                      [June 2019 Issue](https://www.dropbox.com/s/1a9lj7cjgtdzzcz/The%20Dispatcher_June%202019.pdf?dl=0)

                                                      M. Sena, May
                                                      22," In This
                                                      Issue: Third
                                                      Annual
                                                      Princeton
                                                      SmartDrivingCar
                                                      Summit  ... A fantastic 7 page detailed summary of the 3rd
                                                      Annual
                                                      Princeton
                                                      SmartDrivingCar
                                                      Summit.  Thank
                                                      you!!!...

European Commission is getting it wrong on V2X … A most well-written and well-supported critical assessment of the EU Transport Commission’s recommendation on Cooperative Intelligent Transportation Systems (C-ITS).  Read it carefully, including “There is justice after all”… European Parliament’s reply to the Transport Commission’s recommendation. …

                                                      Dispatch
                                                      Central

                                                          Toyota
                                                      backs off IEEE
                                                      WAVE in U.S.
                                                      ...
                                                      More details
                                                      on Toyota's
                                                      evolving
                                                      position on
                                                      V2X
                                                      communication
                                                      standards....

                                                          Uber: A
                                                      Fool's Gold ... Yup!

                                                          FCA and
                                                      Tesla: Strange
                                                      bedfellows .
                                                      ...
                                                      I did not know
                                                      that!...

                                                          Tesla's
                                                      fifteen
                                                      minutes of
                                                      European fame.
                                                      ...
                                                      March Model 3
                                                      sales in EU
                                                      of 15k.  If
                                                      April is
                                                      greater than
                                                      5k, fame may
                                                      have legs....

                                                          A Road
                                                      Trip Down
                                                      Memory Lane  ... Read with a smile....

                                                      A Dispatcher's
                                                      Musings:
                                                      Here's looking
                                                      at you, kid  ... Everything has a downside.  I like to tell my
                                                      students that
                                                      one of the
                                                      things that
                                                      the human
                                                      brain does
                                                      very well if
                                                      "forget".
                                                      "Optimal
                                                      Learning"
                                                      needs some
                                                      "Optimal
                                                      Forgetting"
                                                      where the
                                                      objective
                                                      function is
                                                      Personal
                                                      Privacy.
                                                      Sure, observe
                                                      all you want
                                                      to give me
                                                      short-term
                                                      convenience/pleasure,
                                                      but erase all
                                                      the data
                                                      before anyone
                                                      can use it to
                                                      hurt me, where
                                                      both the convenience/pleasure and the hurt are from my perspective, not
                                                      yours!!

 Read more  Hmmmm… In the aftermath of the Summit, reading and grading the student’s final projects in my course and awarding final grades, I misses Michael Sena’s early release of the June issue of his Dispatcher. It is so excellent that I put out this special edition focused just on it.  Enjoy every word!!!   Alain

                                                      May 25, 2019


                                                      [Speed cameras are coming to Philadelphia's deadliest road](https://kywnewsradio.radio.com/articles/news/speed-cameras-are-coming-philadelphias-deadliest-road) P.
                                                      Loeb, May 16,
                                                      "...Sponsor
                                                      Cherelle
                                                      Parker says
                                                      the cameras
                                                      will
                                                      photograph any
                                                      car going more
                                                      than 11 miles
                                                      per hour over
                                                      the speed limit..."
                                                      [Read more](https://kywnewsradio.radio.com/articles/news/speed-cameras-are-coming-philadelphias-deadliest-road)  Hmmmm...  I really don't understand.  What is the
                                                      meaning of the
                                                      word [limit](https://www.merriam-webster.com/dictionary/limit)
                                                      ? (Hint.... "the utmost extent")

So for humans a “speed” limit is actually a “Speed +10” limit. That mean I can set my Cruise Control to “Speed Limit” +10 and I’ll be just fine.  Does that also mean that I can code my driverless car “to do +10”???   If not, then why does a person capable of getting a driver’s license get to go faster than a person who can’t get a driver’s license who is relegated to be driven by an autonomousTaxi (aTaxi) that is mandated to drive at a slower speed???? (Please don’t tell me it is because the accuracy of the speed sensor is not precise (aka reliable enough).  May I use that excuse in my aTaxi code?) This is a serious question! There needs to be a level regulatory (rules of the road/traffic laws) playing field established for aTaxis and human drivers. This is NOT easy (but it could be as simple as:

SpeedLimit(aTaxi) = SpeedLimit (Humans) + 10

StopSign(aTaxi) = SropSign(Humans) +RollOnThrough if no one is around

RedLight(aTaxi) =  Redlight(Humans) + 3 more cars after the yellow, except in Boston where 5 more car after the yellow… Alain

                                                      May 18, 2019


                                                      [Making Smart Vehicles to Improve the Human Condition](https://www.dropbox.com/s/y044kwkcvpsudmj/KenPyleSummary_3rd-SmartDrivingCar%20SummitWithLinks.pdf?dl=0)
                                                    K. Pyle, May 17,
                                                    "3.5 million and
                                                    5+ million
                                                    deaths per year
                                                    are a couple of
                                                    the statistics
                                                    that stood out
                                                    from the 2+ day,
                                                    3rd annual
                                                    SmartDrivingCars
                                                    Summit at
                                                    Princeton. There
                                                    are
                                                    approximately
                                                    3.5 million
                                                    individuals in
                                                    the United
                                                    States who never
                                                    leave their
                                                    homes and
                                                    approximately
                                                    1.9M of those
                                                    people have
                                                    disabilities,
                                                    according to
                                                    Robbie Diamond,
                                                    President &
                                                    CEO of SAFE. He
                                                    went on to say
                                                    that,
                                                    "Transportation
                                                    is the biggest
                                                    predictor of
                                                    inter-generational
                                                    upward
                                                    mobility."

                                                    His comments
                                                    echoed the
                                                    conference theme
                                                    of improving
                                                    mobility for all
                                                    people,
                                                    especially the
                                                    mobility
                                                    marginalized, to
                                                    paraphrase
                                                    Professor Alain
                                                    Kornhauser.
                                                    Kornhauser
                                                    brought together
                                                    participants
                                                    from multiple
                                                    disciplines and
                                                    backgrounds to
                                                    an event that is
                                                    like no other.
                                                    This year, he
                                                    introduced a
                                                    research element
                                                    where there were
                                                    a couple
                                                    different
                                                    opportunities to
                                                    gauge the
                                                    reactions of
                                                    everyday people
                                                    of varying
                                                    abilities to
                                                    various levels
                                                    of autonomous
                                                    vehicles...."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/y044kwkcvpsudmj/KenPyleSummary_3rd-SmartDrivingCar%20SummitWithLinks.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm... Ken, thank you for such an excellent summary
                                                      and all of the
                                                      help.  Alain
                                                      May 12, 2019

Self-driving car company Cruise raises $1.15bn S. Bond, May 7, “Cruise, the self-driving division of General Motors, has landed a fresh $1.15bn in funding, boosting its valuation to $19bn including the new funds and giving it additional firepower to launch a planned robo-taxi service this year.

                                                      The investment
                                                      came from T
                                                      Rowe Price,
                                                      the mutual
                                                      fund manager,
                                                      as well as
                                                      existing
                                                      Cruise
                                                      investors
                                                      SoftBank's
                                                      Vision Fund,
                                                      Honda and GM,
                                                      the carmaker
                                                      said in a
                                                      statement.
                                                      Including the
                                                      latest round,
                                                      Cruise has
                                                      raised $7.25bn
                                                      in equity in
                                                      the past year,
                                                      following
                                                      previous
                                                      injections
                                                      from Honda and
                                                      SoftBank.

                                                      .. "  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/m90twzjmbxcwji9/The-Dispatcher_May-2019.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm...   Refer back to  [Inside SoftBank's push to rule the road](https://www.autonews.com/technology/inside-softbanks-push-rule-road) .
                                                      What if
                                                      SoftBank added
                                                      Tesla to [this chart](https://www.dropbox.com/s/82mtqv0lkbpk4vg/SoftBankAV_Investments.jpg?dl=0).
                                                      That really
                                                      creates a
                                                      2-person race
                                                      with Waymo.
                                                      Duopolies
                                                      aren't bad.
                                                      Alain

                                                      May 5, 2019

                                                      [VW Inclusive Mobility aims to make sure tech takes care of everyone](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/vw-inclusive-mobility-initiative/) A. Krok, May
                                                      2, "You can't
                                                      please all the
                                                      people all the
                                                      time, but
                                                      Volkswagen
                                                      wants to make
                                                      sure that when
                                                      it moves into
                                                      the next era
                                                      of mobility,
                                                      it won't leave
                                                      any groups
                                                      behind.

Volkswagen this week unveiled its Inclusive Mobility Initiative, which sees the automaker working directly with outside groups to ensure that its future vehicles are capable of catering to people with disabilities…” Read more  Hmmmm…This is fantastic and may well be in line with the focus we’ve taken with the Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit 10 days from now.  Our focus is on all people who have been marginalized by the unnecessary/non-inclusive/exclusive designs of our current forms of mobility, . These designs are especially irresponsible when one no longer needs a person to drive… to keep the car from crashing while on its way from where people are to where the want to go.   What an enormous opportunity to be of service to so many that for what ever reason don’t want or can’t perform that task. Yes, there are situations in which a professional is required. At times, we all need we all need that the help of a professional. But for all of those situations in which a professional is not needed, we have an enormous opportunity to be so much more inclusive by removing the other unnecessary exclusivities that have consciously or unconsciously crept into our cars and transit systems.  Our mobility systems no longer need to be big and hold many people to make them affordable, no driver needs to be paid. They no longer need to be constrained to only go between the few places than many want to go between at only certain times.  They can readily serve where only a few, even one, want to go between at whatever time.  The skill set needed to use and be served diminishes to the skill set needed by the easiest to use elevator. And so on…

Be sure to look VW’s Inclusive Mobility Initiative. Hopefully it encompasses and levels the mobility field  for the people that its cars have marginalized for 100 years.  Alain May 3, 2019

###

Tesla’s autonomy event: Impressive progress with an unrealistic timeline

                                                      April 5, 2019

  Congestion Pricing Plan for NYC is Coming!

                                                      March 29, 2019

10 Lessons From Uber’s Fatal Self-Driving Car Crash Hmmmm…. New Jersey is now started. Hooray!! Alain%20(1)&utm_medium=email&utm_source=nl)

                                                      March 17, 2019 [Automated vehicles could provide mobility to the 'mobility disadvantaged'](https://planetprinceton.com/2019/03/13/automated-vehicles-could-provide-mobility-to-the-mobility-disadvantaged/)

###

A. Kornhauser, March 13, “The following testimony was provided to the New Jersey State Assembly’s Transportation and Independent Authorities Committee on Monday, March 11….

What we need, what my ask is, that we create in New Jersey a “welcoming environment” for the research, testing and demonstration of this technology and work to focusing it on improving the mobility of the mobility disadvantaged…

While such a demonstration is not prohibited in New Jersey, it is not permitted.

Consequently, this provides excuses and hurdles to bringing such mobility to our communities and tarnishes any other welcoming efforts aimed at enabling New Jersey to lead instead of follow in what may well address the fundamental objective of this hearing.”  Read more Hmmmm….Seems so simple. I have found it so incredibly hard. Alain%20(1)&utm_medium=email&utm_source=nl)

                                                      March 1, 2019

                                                      [FORM S-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT Lyft, Inc.](https://www.sec.gov/Archives/edgar/data/1759509/000119312519059849/d633517ds1.htm) [Autonomous Vehicles](http://www.ipam.ucla.edu/programs/workshops/autonomous-vehicles/?tab=overview)
                                                      Feb 25, " This
                                                      workshop
                                                      brought
                                                      together
                                                      experts in
                                                      cyber-physical
                                                      systems,
                                                      machine
                                                      learning,
                                                      transportation
                                                      engineering,
                                                      and applied
                                                      mathematics,
                                                      both from
                                                      academia and
                                                      from industry,
                                                      to help bridge
                                                      the technical
                                                      gaps and to
                                                      facilitate
                                                      exchange and
                                                      collaboration
                                                      across
                                                      disciplinary
                                                      boundaries..."
                                                      [Read more](http://www.ipam.ucla.edu/programs/workshops/autonomous-vehicles/?tab=overview)
                                                      Hmmmm....
                                                      Slides and
                                                      videos of the
                                                      presentations
                                                      are available
                                                      [here.](http://www.ipam.ucla.edu/programs/workshops/autonomous-vehicles/?tab=schedule)
                                                      In particular,
                                                      see..:
  • Andrea Censi: “Liability, Ethics, and Culture-Aware Behavior Specification using Rulebooks”  Abstract, Slides, video (via click on  Schedule 11:30 Monday;

  • Adam Oberman:”Generalization and adversarial robustness of Regularized Deep Neural Networks “ Abstract, Slides, video (via click on Schedule 11:30 Tuesday);

  • Alain Kornhauser: “Market Forces and Market Potential for SmartDrivingCars (aka Autonomous Vehicles) “  Slides,video, (via click on  Schedule 11:15 Tuesday);

  • Hani Mahmassani: “Shared Autonomous Fleet Services and Multimodal Urban Mobility: Optimization, Prediction and Dynamic Network Modeling “  Abstract, video, (via click on  Schedule 4:00 Thursday);

  Facing opposition, Amazon scraps New York HQ2 plans January 25, 2019

 Amazon tests autonomous vehicle for deliveries

  Market Framework and Outlook for Automated Vehicle Systems R. Mudge, A. Kornhauser, M. Hardison, Nov, 2018 “The surface transportation industry is in the early stages of a series of profound changes, stimulated by the development of increasingly sophisticated driving safety and automation technologies.   Considerable uncertainty exists regarding the speed with which these changes will take place and the nature of their impacts on safety, the overall demand for travel, vehicle sales, and vehicle ownership. This report does not attempt to forecast the pace of these changes, instead advancing a list of “trigger points” that might serve as leading indicators of change….

                                                      What might
                                                      these changes
                                                      mean for
                                                      actuaries and
                                                      the insurance
                                                      industry?
                                                      Since
                                                      Driverless
                                                      vehicles will
                                                      most likely be
                                                      available only
                                                      to fleet
                                                      operators and
                                                      not the
                                                      general
                                                      public, their
                                                      actuarial and
                                                      insurance
                                                      implication
                                                      will differ
                                                      substantially
                                                      from the
                                                      implications
                                                      of Safe and
                                                      Self
                                                      technologies
                                                      that will be
                                                      on vehicles
                                                      purchased by
                                                      consumers.
                                                      But, will
                                                      these vehicles
                                                      continue to be
                                                      insured in the
                                                      same way as
                                                      personal
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      today or will
                                                      this practice
                                                      change in some
                                                      way. For
                                                      example, if
                                                      the burden of

                                                      liability
                                                      shifts to the
                                                      technology
                                                      rather than
                                                      the driver,
                                                      then should
                                                      actuaries
                                                      focus on
                                                      product
                                                      liability
                                                      rather than
                                                      personal
                                                      liability? To
                                                      what extent
                                                      does
                                                      technology
                                                      rather than
                                                      personal
                                                      behavior or
                                                      demographics
                                                      become the
                                                      important link
                                                      to liability?
                                                      " [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/rbrei4tuxbh7fls/SocietyOfActuaries_market-framework-automated-vehicle2018.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm....
                                                      This is a very
                                                      good report.
                                                      Listen to [SmartDrivingCar Podcast 68 with Dick Mudge](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-68). (Of
                                                      course, I'm
                                                      biased. )
                                                      Alain

  A Green Light for Waymo’s Driverless Testing in California

New Jersey Pending Legislation re: Autonomous Vehicles

Oct 16, Establishes fully autonomous vehicle pilot program A4573 Sponsors: Zwicker (D16); Benson (D14)

Oct 16, EstablishesNew Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force AJR164 Sponsors: Benson (D14); Zwicker (D16); Lampitt (D6)

                                                    Oct 16, [Directs MVC to establish driver's license endorsement for autonomous vehicles A4541](https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/A5000/4541_I1.PDF)
                                                    Sponsors:
                                                    Zwicker (D16);
                                                    Benson (D14);
                                                    Lampitt
                                                    (D6)..."  [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NVIDIA-Self-Driving-Safety-Report-2018.pdf) Hmmmm....
                                                      Things are
                                                      beginning to
                                                      move in New
                                                      Jersey.  Alain

Testimony of Alain Kornhauser, Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

Audio Recording of Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

                                                      15,  2018

Waymo’s early rider program, one year in

                                                      June 12,  2018

 CPUC AUTHORIZES PASSENGER CARRIERS TO PROVIDE FREE TEST RIDES IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES WITH VALID CPUC AND DMV PERMITS

                                                      3,  2018

                                                      [Waymo's fleet of self-driving minivans is about to get 100 times bigger](https://www.theverge.com/2018/5/31/17412908/waymo-chrysler-pacifica-minvan-self-driving-fleet)

                                                      May 25,  2018

PRELIMINARY REPORT: HIGHWAY: HWY18MH010 (Uber/Herzberg Crash)

May 24, “About 9:58 p.m., on Sunday, March 18, 2018, an Uber Technologies, Inc. test vehicle, based on a modified 2017 Volvo XC90 and operating with a self-driving system in computer control mode, struck a pedestrian on northbound Mill Avenue, in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona.

…The vehicle was factory equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions by Volvo Cars, the original manufacturer. The systems included a collision avoidance function with automatic emergency

                                                      braking, known
                                                      as City
                                                      Safety, as
                                                      well as
                                                      functions for
                                                      detecting
                                                      driver
                                                      alertness and
                                                      road sign
                                                      information.
                                                      All these
                                                      Volvo
                                                      functions are
                                                      disabled when
                                                      the test
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      operated in
                                                      computer
                                                      control..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf)
                                                      Hmmmm....
                                                      Uber must
                                                      believe that
                                                      its systems
                                                      are better at
                                                      avoiding
                                                      Collisions and
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking than
                                                      Volvo's.
                                                      At least this
                                                      gets Volvo
                                                      "off the
                                                      hook".

“…According to data obtained from the self-driving system, the system first registered radar and LIDAR observations of the pedestrian about 6 seconds before impact, when the vehicle was traveling at 43 mph…” (= 63 feet/second) So the system started “seeing an obstacle when it was 63 x 6 = 378 feet away… more than a football field, including end zones!

“…As the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path…” (NTSB: Please tell us precisely when it classified this “object’ as a vehicle and be explicit about the expected “future travel paths.”  Forget the path, please just tell us the precise velocity vector that Uber’s system attached to the “object”, then the “vehicle”. Why didn’t the the Uber system instruct the Volvo to begin to slow down (or speed up) to avoid a collision?  If these paths (or velocity vectors) were not accurate, then why weren’t they accurate?  Why was the object classified as a “Vehicle” ??  When did it finally classify the object as a “bicycle”? Why did it change classifications? How often was the classification of this object done.  Please divulge the time and the outcome of each classification of this object.  In the tests that Uber has done, how often has the system mis-classified an object as a “pedestrian”when the object was actually an overpass, or an overhead sign or overhead branches/leaves that the car could safely pass under, or was nothing at all?? (Basically, what are the false alarm characteristics of Uber’s Self-driving sensor/software system as a function of vehicle speed and time-of-day?)

“…At 1.3 seconds before impact, (impact speed was 39mph = 57.2 ft/sec) the self-driving system determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision” (1.3 x 57.2 = 74.4 ft. which is about equal to the braking distance. So it still could have stopped short.

“…According to Uber, emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce (eradicate??) the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. …” NTSB:  Please describe/define potential  and erratic vehicle behavior   Also please uncover and divulge the design & decision process that Uber went through to decide that this risk (disabling the AEB) was worth the reward of eradicating “ “erratic vehicle behavior”.  This is fundamentally BAD design. If the Uber system’s false alarm rate is so large that the best way to deal with false alarms is to turn off the AEB, then the system should never have been permitted on public roadways.

“…The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. “ Wow!  If Uber’s system fundamentally relies on a human to intervene, then Uber is nowhere near creating a Driverless vehicle. Without its own Driverless vehicle Uber is past “Peak valuation”.

“…The system is not designed to alert the operator. “ That may be the only good part of Uber’s design.  In a Driverless vehicle, there is no one to warn, so don’t waste your time.  If it is important enough to warn, then it is important enough for the automated system to start initiating things to do something about it. Plus, the Driver may not know what to do anyway. This is pretty much as I stated in PodCast 30 and the 24 edition of May 10,  2018

Thursday, April 26, 2018

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 This startup’s CEO wants to open-source self-driving car safety testing

                                                      March 24,
                                                      2018

Experts say video of Uber’s self-driving car killing a pedestrian suggests its technology may have fail

                                                      April 17, 2017

Don’t Worry, Driverless Cars Are Learning From Grand Theft Auto

Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving

announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars Video similar to part of Adam’s Luncheon talk @ 2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec 1.  Hmmm … Watch Video especially at the 13:12 mark. Compelling; especially after the 60 Minutes segment above!  Also see his TipRanks. Alain

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