2021-04-03

2021-04-03

rgb(51, 51, April 2, 2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">13th
                                                      edition of the
                                                      9th year of
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter

###

Waymo Chief John Krafcik Resigns, Co-CEOs Tapped To Run Alphabet’s Self-Driving Tech Giant

A. Ohnsman, April 2, “John Krafcik, the auto industry veteran who’s run Waymo for over five years, is stepping down as CEO of the Alphabet Inc. self-driving tech giant and is being replaced by two high-ranking company executives.

                                                      ...Takedra
                                                      Mawakana,
                                                      Waymo's chief
                                                      operating
                                                      officer, and
                                                      Dmitri Dolgov,
                                                      its long-time
                                                      CTO, are both
                                                      being promoted
                                                      to co-CEOs,
                                                      the company
                                                      said. Krafcik
                                                      will continue
                                                      to work with
                                                      Waymo as an
                                                      advisor.

                                                      "After 5
                                                      exhilarating
                                                      years leading
                                                      this team,
                                                      I've decided
                                                      to depart from
                                                      my CEO role at
                                                      Waymo &
                                                      kick-off new
                                                      adventures,"
                                                      he said on
                                                      Twitter. "To
                                                      start, I'm
                                                      looking
                                                      forward to a
                                                      refresh
                                                      period,
                                                      reconnecting
                                                      with old
                                                      friends &
                                                      family, and
                                                      discovering
                                                      new parts of
                                                      the
                                                      world."..."  [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2021/04/02/waymo-chief-john-krafcik-resigns-co-ceos-tapped-to-run-alphabets-self-driving-tech-giant/?sh=2921a28b65ca)  Hmmmm...  John, thank you for a
                                                      fantastic 5
                                                      years and for
                                                      keeping Waymo
                                                      focused on
                                                      bringing
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      all.  Doing
                                                      good for many
                                                      isn't easy.
                                                      Enjoy and
                                                      thank you!!
                                                      Alain

Driving Towards Better Goods Delivery Through Automation

                                                      K. Pyle, March
                                                      31, "Are the
                                                      milk delivery
                                                      wagons of
                                                      100-years ago
                                                      and Trailers
                                                      on Flat Cars
                                                      (TOFC) good
                                                      proxies for
                                                      the future of
                                                      automation in
                                                      the
                                                      transportation
                                                      of goods?
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser set
                                                      the stage for
                                                      the [thirteenth session of the Smart Driving Car Summit](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210325)
                                                      with this
                                                      thought-provoking
                                                      question.
                                                      Kornhauser was
                                                      also the
                                                      moderator for
                                                      this panel
                                                      that looked at
                                                      the challenges
                                                      and
                                                      opportunities
                                                      of automating
                                                      goods
                                                      delivery......"
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken.  Alain

Ken Pyle’s Session Summaries of 4th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit:

13th Session    Improving the Moving of Goods

12th Session    3/18/21 Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

11th Session    3/11/21 Incentivizing Through Regulation

10th Session    3/04/21 Incentivizing Through Insurance

9th Session    2/25/21  Can Level 3 be Delivered?

8th Session    2/18/21  Who Will Build, Sell and Maintain Driverless Cars?

                                                      [Michael Sena's Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/yfzscinfy41vrka/Sena_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0),
                                                      [Glenn Mercer Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/8x4sd97vrifa9r9/Mercer_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0)

7th Session    2/11/21  Finally Doing It

6th Session    2/ 4/21   Safe Enough in the Operational Design Domain

5th Session    1/28/21 At the Tipping Point

4th Session    1/21/21 Why Customers are Buying Them

3rd Session    1/14/21 The SmartDrivingCars We Can Buy Today

2nd Session1/ 7/21  A Look into the Future1st Session:12/17/20Setting the Stage

Kornhauser & He, March 2021 “AV 101 + Trenton Affordable HQ Mobility Initiative”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 206,

                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 206](https://youtu.be/ODVNkgvfUII)  w/Stan
                                                      Young,
                                                      National
                                                      Renewable
                                                      Energy
                                                      Laboratory

F. Fishkin, April 2, “When it comes to future mobility, what will fuel the vehicles? How can the shortcomings of electric vehicles be overcome? Stanley Young, Mobility Systems team lead for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin…” Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!”. Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay … Alain

4th Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

15th Live Episode: Live on Zoom

Making It Happen: Part One

Elected Officials’ Role in Creating a Welcoming Environment in the Trentons of this World

noon ET, Thursday, Georgia, serif;”>

                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;"> [Video Summary of 1st Session: Setting the Stage](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pCc9N8o1dys&feature=youtu.be)


                                                      The
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter,
                                                      Pod-Casts,
                                                      Zoom-Casts and
                                                      Zoom-inars are
                                                      made possible
                                                      in part by
                                                      support from
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      ETF, symbol
                                                      MOTO.   For
                                                      more
                                                      information: [www.motoetf.com](https://www.smartetfs.com/).  Most funding is
                                                      supplied by
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Operations
                                                      Research &
                                                      Financial
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering
                                                      (PAVE)
                                                      research
                                                      laboratory as
                                                      part of its
                                                      research
                                                      dissemination
                                                      initiatives.

Angry Residents, Abrupt Stops: Waymo Vehicles Are Still Causing Problems in Arizona

R. Stern, March 31, “A driverless Waymo vehicle caused a crash in October by stopping unexpectedly in the middle of the road, displaying a technical malfunction the Google-related company claims is rare.

                                                      In another
                                                      2020 incident,
                                                      a police
                                                      officer
                                                      claimed a
                                                      sudden stop by
                                                      a Waymo
                                                      vehicle caused
                                                      a rear-end
                                                      collision, but
                                                      the officer
                                                      was cited.

                                                      The incidents
                                                      are detailed
                                                      in newly
                                                      released
                                                      police reports
                                                      obtained by
                                                      Phoenix New
                                                      Times that
                                                      shed fresh
                                                      light on the
                                                      function and
                                                      operations of
                                                      the driverless
                                                      vehicles,
                                                      which are
                                                      often cloaked
                                                      in secrecy.
                                                      The reports
                                                      from Chandler
                                                      and Tempe,
                                                      released last
                                                      week under
                                                      state public
                                                      records law,
                                                      detail all
                                                      Waymo-related
                                                      cases since
                                                      January
                                                      2020....

Following a January 2020 collision, the department issued a citation to one of its own officers for rear-ending a Waymo vehicle. Yet in that case, like the later case involving the pickup, the collision followed an unexpected move by the driverless vehicle. When a streetlight turned green, the Waymo vehicle “began to move forward and then stopped prior to entering the intersection per the programming of the vehicle.” The Waymo backup driver reportedly saw the other vehicle coming up behind him “and attempted to disengage the autonomous mode by pressing the accelerator but it did not disengage in time” and the unmarked police vehicle hit the Waymo minivan. Both vehicles had slight damage… “The 15 months’ worth of reports from Tempe and Chandler include several other notable safety-related incidents:

                                                      * A bicyclist
                                                      reported that
                                                      a Waymo
                                                      vehicle with
                                                      no backup
                                                      driver seemed
                                                      to prepare for
                                                      a turn on a
                                                      residential
                                                      street, but
                                                      wasn't slowing
                                                      down, causing
                                                      the bicyclist
                                                      to stop. The
                                                      vehicle
                                                      "appeared not
                                                      to detect him
                                                      as it
                                                      accelerated
                                                      through the
                                                      northbound
                                                      turn." The man
                                                      reported "he
                                                      would have
                                                      been struck
                                                      had he not
                                                      stopped." An
                                                      officer noted
                                                      that Waymo
                                                      would be
                                                      contacted
                                                      about the
                                                      incident, but
                                                      no
                                                      investigation
                                                      occurred...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.phoenixnewtimes.com/news/waymo-arizona-abrupt-stops-angry-residents-are-still-a-problem-11541896)  Hmmmm...   Nothing is perfect and
                                                      human drivers
                                                      often do
                                                      "unexpected"
                                                      things.
                                                      >90%
                                                      crashes
                                                      involve driver
                                                      misbehavior...
                                                      doing
                                                      "unexpected'
                                                      things.  That
                                                      said, this is
                                                      both really
                                                      bad news and
                                                      really good
                                                      news.  Really
                                                      bad, because
                                                      it is really
                                                      bad that
                                                      public
                                                      expectations
                                                      are that these
                                                      things are
                                                      perfect.
                                                      They'll never
                                                      be.

Really good, because if this is all the bad that could be found, Waymo cars are really good and safe! Making this a reality rather than just a research project is really hard!!!!!  No wonder John wants to enjoy life.  He deserves it after the advances that he’s led. Timothy Lee’s take: “Fender bender in Arizona illustrates Waymo’s commercialization challenge”.

I sure hope that this article wasn’t “the straw that broke John’s back”.  It would be an enormous shame.  The good news about this article is so infinitely better than the the “chicken **/ B&M” bad aspects. Alain

###

CTDOT RELEASES FIRST-EVER STRATEGIC PLAN FOR CONNECTED AND AUTOMATED VEHICLES

                                                      Press release,
                                                      March 29,
                                                      "Today, the
                                                      Connecticut
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (CTDOT)
                                                      announces its
                                                      first-ever,
                                                      statewide [Strategic Plan for Connected and Automated Vehicles (CAV)](https://portal.ct.gov/DOT/PP_Bureau/CAV/Strategic-Plan)
                                                      to support
                                                      emerging
                                                      transportation
                                                      technology and
                                                      mobility
                                                      trends.
                                                      Specifically,
                                                      the plan
                                                      outlines
                                                      strategies for
                                                      advancing
                                                      multimodal
                                                      CAV-related
                                                      services and
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      to address
                                                      both current
                                                      and evolving
                                                      transportation
                                                      needs.

                                                      Connected
                                                      vehicles (CV)
                                                      are vehicles
                                                      that
                                                      wirelessly
                                                      communicate
                                                      with other
                                                      vehicles,
                                                      roadside
                                                      infrastructures,
                                                      pedestrians,
                                                      and the cloud.
                                                      Automated
                                                      vehicles (AV)
                                                      are those
                                                      capable of
                                                      performing all
                                                      or part of the
                                                      real-time
                                                      vehicle
                                                      operations in
                                                      on-road
                                                      traffic. The
                                                      strategic plan
                                                      explores ways
                                                      connected and
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles or
                                                      CAV
                                                      technologies
                                                      could become a
                                                      powerful tool
                                                      in helping
                                                      meet key CTDOT
                                                      goals to
                                                      improve
                                                      safety;
                                                      enhance
                                                      mobility,
                                                      accessibility,
                                                      and
                                                      reliability;
                                                      reduce
                                                      congestion;
                                                      support
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      state of good
                                                      repair;
                                                      provide
                                                      efficiencies;
                                                      reduce vehicle
                                                      emissions; and
                                                      support
                                                      economic
                                                      growth...."  [Read more](https://portal.ct.gov/DOT/PP_Bureau/CAV/Strategic-Plan)  Hmmmm...  Nice to see that we may
                                                      well be
                                                      emerging from
                                                      the pandemic
                                                      in the
                                                      NorthEast with
                                                      an
                                                      announcement
                                                      in this area
                                                      of work that
                                                      was dated as
                                                      February.
                                                      From its name,
                                                      cover and
                                                      contents [this report](https://www.dropbox.com/s/ns8ah6ukf2q69ng/CT-CAV-Report-Final_2021.pdf?dl=0) is
                                                      way older and
                                                      is at least a
                                                      couple of
                                                      years out of
                                                      date.

Hopefully sometime soon, maybe this week, we’ll announce that New Jersey’s investigation of this technology, completed March, 5, 2020 and delivered to the legislature last December 2nd will finally be “announced”. Indeed, we’ve had much more important things to do in addressing the pandemic. Maybe we’re finally turning a corner that will allow us to begin improving mobility for the many that are not well served by either the conventional car or NJ Transit. Alain

Volvo and Aurora team up on fully autonomous trucks for North America

                                                      A. Hawkins,
                                                      March 30,
                                                      ".Volvo is
                                                      partnering
                                                      with
                                                      self-driving
                                                      startup Aurora
                                                      on a new
                                                      lineup of
                                                      fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      semi trucks,
                                                      the companies
                                                      announced. The
                                                      trucks will be
                                                      deployed in
                                                      North America
                                                      on highly
                                                      frequented
                                                      hub-to-hub
                                                      routes.

                                                      The deal
                                                      between Volvo
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Solutions and
                                                      Aurora — which
                                                      was founded by
                                                      former
                                                      executives
                                                      from Google,
                                                      Tesla, and
                                                      Uber — is a
                                                      "long-term
                                                      partnership
                                                      spanning
                                                      several
                                                      years," the
                                                      companies
                                                      said.

                                                      It's also the
                                                      latest
                                                      partnership
                                                      between a
                                                      major OEM
                                                      (original
                                                      equipment
                                                      manufacturer)
                                                      and an
                                                      autonomous
                                                      technology
                                                      startup, as
                                                      the industry
                                                      continues to
                                                      slowly inch
                                                      toward a
                                                      future with
                                                      more fully
                                                      driverless
                                                      passenger
                                                      vehicles and
                                                      trucks on the
                                                      road.

                                                      Aurora has
                                                      been testing
                                                      its "Aurora
                                                      Driver"
                                                      hardware and
                                                      software stack
                                                      in its test [fleet of minivans and Class 8 trucks in the Dallas-Fort Worth area](https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/20/21331418/aurora-self-driving-cars-semi-truck-av-texas-robotaxi)
                                                      since last
                                                      year. Unlike
                                                      its rivals,
                                                      which are
                                                      largely
                                                      focused on
                                                      robotaxi
                                                      applications,
                                                      the company
                                                      has said that
                                                      its first
                                                      commercial
                                                      service will
                                                      be in trucking
                                                      "where the
                                                      market is
                                                      largest today,
                                                      the unit
                                                      economics are
                                                      best, and the
                                                      level of
                                                      service
                                                      requirements
                                                      is most
                                                      accommodating. ...Established
                                                      players like [Daimler said they would be joining forces with Waymo](https://www.theverge.com/2020/10/27/21536048/waymo-daimler-driverless-semi-trucks-cascadia-freightliner),
                                                      while
                                                      newcomers like
                                                      [TuSimple](https://www.theverge.com/2020/7/1/21310209/tusimple-self-driving-truck-network-ups-xpress-penske),
                                                      [Ike](https://techcrunch.com/2019/02/05/self-driving-truck-startup-ike-raises-52-million/),
                                                      [Embark](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2019/09/25/self-driving-startup-embark-raises-70-million-opens-freight-hubs-for-robot-big-rigs/),
                                                      and [Plus](https://www.supplychaindive.com/news/plusai-autonomous-truck-completes-coast-to-coast-delivery-in-3-days/568729/)are also
                                                      working toward
                                                      fully
                                                      driverless
                                                      trucks.."  [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/30/22358005/volvo-aurora-autonomous-truck-partnership)  Hmmmm...   Good partner here for
                                                      Aurora.  Alain

Review: AI’s humble beginnings and potentially sinister future

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      March 29,
                                                      "..."The woman
                                                      ran
                                                      communications
                                                      for [Andreessen Horowitz](https://www.latimes.com/business/technology/la-fi-tn-ben-horowitz-miliken-20150428-story.html),
                                                      the famed
                                                      venture
                                                      capital firm
                                                      whose official
                                                      tagline is:
                                                      "Software is
                                                      eating the
                                                      world."

                                                      Our talk
                                                      turned to [artificial intelligence](https://www.latimes.com/science/story/2020-05-20/coronavirus-tests-the-value-of-artificial-intelligence-in-medicine).
                                                      I marveled at
                                                      the wonderful
                                                      things AI
                                                      promised us,
                                                      but I did
                                                      worry about
                                                      people's jobs.
                                                      "What's an
                                                      accountant
                                                      displaced by
                                                      AI going to
                                                      do?" I asked.
                                                      "Oh, people
                                                      will be able
                                                      to pursue
                                                      their creative
                                                      passions," she
                                                      said.

                                                      For instance?
                                                      "I don't know.
                                                      Braid hair?
                                                      She could set
                                                      up a shop and
                                                      braid hair, if
                                                      that's her
                                                      passion."

                                                      OK, then....
                                                      I thought back
                                                      to this
                                                      conversation
                                                      while reading
                                                      Cade Metz's
                                                      excellent new
                                                      book, "Genius
                                                      Makers: The
                                                      Mavericks Who
                                                      Brought AI to
                                                      Google,
                                                      Facebook, and
                                                      the World."...

While Metz, a reporter for the New York Times, does sketch out the early history, his focus is on the last 10 years or so, when a once-belittled AI approach known as neural networking began to insinuate itself, for good or ill, into the daily lives of humans around the world. Alexa, Google Home, Siri — all made possible with AI neural networks…

                                                      "Genius
                                                      Makers" is not
                                                      really a
                                                      history of AI,
                                                      as such.
                                                      Artificial
                                                      intelligence
                                                      goes back at
                                                      least to the
                                                      1950s. The key
                                                      thing the
                                                      field
                                                      accomplished
                                                      over most of
                                                      those years
                                                      was to explore
                                                      a number of
                                                      dead-end ideas
                                                      that proved
                                                      worthless or
                                                      not ready for
                                                      prime time. In
                                                      other words,
                                                      basic
                                                      scientific
                                                      research doing
                                                      its thing.

…These are important issues, and Metz’s book is the best one-stop shop to learn about them. It might encourage deeper study. It may help all of us challenge Silicon Valley’s blithe dismissal of the world it is creating: “Let them braid hair.”

Read more  Hmmmm…   Nice book.  My view… AI, totally self-serving, starting from its basic label through to its “self-learning” and “autonomous” hyperboles. In many ways, a flee does better collision avoidance than Tesla’s FSD. Alain

Ford-Backed Self-Driving Startup Argo AI Mulling IPO This Year

                                                      K. Naughton,
                                                      April 2,
                                                      ".Argo AI, the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      startup backed
                                                      by Ford Motor
                                                      Co. and
                                                      Volkswagen AG,
                                                      is considering
                                                      going public
                                                      as soon as
                                                      this year,
                                                      according to
                                                      people
                                                      familiar with
                                                      its plans.

Bryan Salesky, Argo’s co-founder, told employees in an all-hands meeting April 1 the company is looking to boost its funding as it comes closer to commercializing its self-driving technology, said the people, who asked not to be identified revealing internal discussions. Ford, which invested $1 billion in Argo in 2017, plans to roll out robo-taxis and driverless delivery pods in 2022….”  Read more  Hmmmm…  Why not.  It may well be the cheapest money.  Alain

NetJets Just Ordered 20 of Aerion’s $120 Million Supersonic Jets

                                                      M. Verdon,
                                                      March 4, "In
                                                      what amounts
                                                      to a vote of
                                                      confidence in
                                                      the future of
                                                      supersonic
                                                      technology,
                                                      NetJets has
                                                      revealed a
                                                      purchase order
                                                      for 20 Aerion
                                                      AS2 business
                                                      jets. With 760
                                                      aircraft, the Berkshire-Hathaway company owns the world's largest fleet of business
                                                      jets.

                                                      Aerion is
                                                      currently
                                                      building a new
                                                      headquarters
                                                      in Melbourne,
                                                      Florida. The
                                                      company plans
                                                      to start
                                                      production of
                                                      the AS2 next
                                                      year. Aerion
                                                      said its order
                                                      backlog is
                                                      valued at more
                                                      than $10
                                                      billion. Each
                                                      AS2 has a
                                                      price of $120
                                                      million. "At
                                                      Aerion our
                                                      vision is to
                                                      build a future
                                                      where humanity
                                                      can travel
                                                      between any
                                                      two points on
                                                      our planet
                                                      within three
                                                      hours and this
                                                      new
                                                      partnership is
                                                      a significant
                                                      step towards
                                                      realizing that
                                                      vision,"
                                                      Aerion CEO Tom
                                                      Vice said in a
                                                      statement. .." [Read more](https://robbreport.com/motors/aviation/netjets-aerion-20-supersonic-jets-order-1234599702/)  Hmmmm... This may be easier than
                                                      trying to
                                                      deliver
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      residents of
                                                      Trenton, New
                                                      Jersey.
                                                      Congratulations
                                                      1%ers. Alain

XPeng Sets Records for Longest Autonomous Drive

A. Hawkins, March 25, “.. a leading Chinese smart electric vehicle (“Smart EV”) company, today announced the consolidated results for its 3,000 km navigation-assisted autonomous driving expedition, China’s longest real highway autonomous driving challenge by mass-produced vehicles…” Read more Hmmmm… Once again, one has to go beyond the headline and read the fine print.  The important caveat that makes this achievement essentially irrelevant is “achieved an average of 0.71 human driver interventions per 100 km,”. Depending on how the 3,000 km was chosen, this may well be what many other systems can do even better..  What is most disturbing is: since driver interventions were needed this was NOT an ‘autonomous” drive.  XPeng MUST continue to insist that drivers remain alert with their butts in the drivers seat when using these “mass-produced vehicles”; else the mass of the XPeng customer set may become less massive. Alain

                                                      0, 0);">[Annual Princeton](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210128)SmartDrivingCar
                                                      Summit [15th Episode at noon on April 8, 2021](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210325)
                                                      TO BE followed by
                                                      one more
                                                      weekly episode
                                                      on April15,
                                                      2021.  Each
                                                      episode
                                                      starting Live
                                                      on Zoom @ noon
                                                      Eastern
                                                      (Princeton
                                                      Time) and
                                                      lasting for
                                                      1.5 hours or
                                                      until
                                                      Discussion
                                                      with audience
                                                      ends. A.
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      Feb 6, "The
                                                      focus of the
                                                      Summit this
                                                      year will be
                                                      moving beyond
                                                      the AI and the
                                                      Sensors to
                                                      addressing the
                                                      challenges of Commercialization and  the delivery of tangible value to communities.
                                                      We've made
                                                      enormous
                                                      progress with
                                                      the
                                                      technology.
                                                      We're doing
                                                      the
                                                      investment;
                                                      however, this
                                                      investment
                                                      delivers value
                                                      only if is
                                                      commercialized:
                                                      made available
                                                      and is used by
                                                      consumers in
                                                      large
                                                      numbers.
                                                      Demos and
                                                      one-offs are
                                                      "great", but
                                                      to deliver
                                                      value that is
                                                      anywhere near
                                                      commensurate
                                                      with the
                                                      magnitude of
                                                      the investment
                                                      made to date,
                                                      initial
                                                      deployments
                                                      need to
                                                      scale.  We
                                                      can't just
                                                      have
                                                      "Morgantown
                                                      PRT Systems"
                                                      whose initial
                                                      deployment has
                                                      been nothing
                                                      but enormously
                                                      successful for
                                                      45 years (an
                                                      essentially
                                                      perfect safety
                                                      record, an
                                                      excellent
                                                      availability
                                                      record and
                                                      customer
                                                      valued
                                                      mobility).
                                                      Unfortunately,
                                                      the system was
                                                      never expanded
                                                      or duplicated
                                                      anywhere.  It
                                                      didn't scale.
                                                      It is a
                                                      one-off.

Tests, demos and one-offs are nice niche deployments; however, what one really needs are initial deployments that have the opportunity to grow, be replicated and scale.  In 1888, Frank Sprague, successfully deployed a small electric street railway system in Richmond, Va.  which became the reference for many other cites.  “… By 1889 110 electric railways incorporating Sprague’s equipment had been begun or planned on several continents…” Substantial scaled societal benefits emerged virally from this technology. It was eventually supplanted by the conventional automobile but for more than 30 years it delivered substantial improvements to the quality-of-life for many.

                                                      In part, the
                                                      4th Summit
                                                      will focus on
                                                      defining the
                                                      "Richmond" of
                                                      Affordable
                                                      Shared-ride
                                                      On-demand
                                                      Mobility-as-a-Service.
                                                      The initial
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (ODD) that
                                                      safely
                                                      accommodates
                                                      Driverless
                                                      Mobility
                                                      Machines that
                                                      people
                                                      actually
                                                      choose to use
                                                      and becomes
                                                      the envy of
                                                      communities
                                                      throughout the
                                                      country. " [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/) Hmmmm... [Draft Program](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/) is
                                                      in flux.
                                                      Consider all
                                                      named
                                                      individuals as
                                                      "Invited yet
                                                      to be
                                                      confirmed".
                                                      Alain

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

Sunday Supplement

Half-Baked

Click-Bait

Calendar of Upcoming

                                                      Events:s

4th Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

15th Live Episode: Live on Zoom

Making It Happen: Part One

Elected Officials’ Role in Creating a Welcoming Environment in the Trentons of this World

noon ET, Thursday, Georgia, serif;”>

                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;"> [Video Summary of 1st Session: Setting the Stage](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pCc9N8o1dys&feature=youtu.be)

June 9, 2021, Fully virtual

                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;">

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

K. Lockean’s AV Research Group at U of Texas

and

                                                      [The SYMPOSIUM ON THE FUTURE NETWORKED CAR 2021 VIRTUAL EVENT](https://www.itu.int/en/fnc/2021/Pages/default.aspx)

 R. Shields, 22 - 25 March, “Recordings from the conference:

Session 1 plus opening: (Regulatory): https://youtu.be/UcDC8gXiUFk

                                                      Session 2: ([Cybersecurity](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)): [https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)

                                                      Session 3: [(Automated Driving Systems](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)): [https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)

                                                      Session 4: [(Communications for ADS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)) : [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)

Read more  Hmmmm… Russ, thank you for sharing! Alain

###

These editions are sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information head to www.motoetf.com

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 204, Zoom-Cast Episode 204  w/Andrew Rose, President, OnStar Insurance Services

F. Fishkin, March 15, “.With GM aiming to upend the car insurance industry, the President of the automaker’s new OnStar Insurance Services, Andrew Rose joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What advantages will OnStar insurance bring to the table…and a look at the future of auto insurance..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 203, Zoom-Cast Episode 203 AV 101: A. Kornhauser

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 13,
                                                      ".GM's move to
                                                      transform auto
                                                      insurance
                                                      through OnStar
                                                      Insurance:
                                                      Is it a win,
                                                      win for
                                                      all?      Is
                                                      adaptive
                                                      cruise control
                                                      prompting some
                                                      drivers to
                                                      speed?     And
                                                      what does
                                                      Tesla really
                                                      mean by "full
                                                      self
                                                      driving"?
                                                      Just some of
                                                      the questions
                                                      tackled  in
                                                      the latest
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin."
                                                      [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 202](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-202),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 202](https://youtu.be/Hj3GmnTqfdk) President
                                                      & CEO,
                                                      RoadDB

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 3, "When
                                                      will we be
                                                      able to
                                                      purchase cars
                                                      that can
                                                      largely drive
                                                      themselves?
                                                      It may not be
                                                      long...but
                                                      don't expect
                                                      to vacate the
                                                      driver's
                                                      seat.  That's
                                                      the view of
                                                      entrepreneur,
                                                      tech pioneer
                                                      and RoadDB CEO
                                                      Russ
                                                      Shields.   He
                                                      takes an in
                                                      depth look at
                                                      where we are
                                                      and where
                                                      we're headed
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 201](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-201),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 201](https://youtu.be/n5oEfvBrWa8)
                                                      w/Michael
                                                      Sena,
                                                      Publisher of The
                                                      Dispatcher

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 26,
                                                      "Smarter cars
                                                      need smarter
                                                      assembly...and
                                                      location
                                                      matters.   The
                                                      Dispatcher
                                                      publisher
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for a
                                                      look at that,
                                                      politics,
                                                      climate and
                                                      carmakers...plus
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Velodyne,
                                                      Foxconn and
                                                      more.." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 200](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-200),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 200](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVHQuwNT4eY&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Edwin Olsen,
                                                      CEO, May
                                                      Mobility

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 22, "How
                                                      May Mobility
                                                      is building
                                                      confidence in
                                                      autonomous
                                                      transportation
                                                      and creating a
                                                      road map for
                                                      growth through
                                                      the pandemic
                                                      and beyond.
                                                      CEO and
                                                      co-founder
                                                      Edwin Olson
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that and
                                                      more."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 199, Zoom-Cast Episode 199 w/Marc Scribner, Senior Transportation Policy Analyst, Reason Foundation

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 19, "How
                                                      the Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      & Congress
                                                      can pave the
                                                      path for
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles.
                                                      Reason
                                                      Foundation Sr.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Policy Analyst
                                                      Marc Scribner
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      focus on
                                                      what's next.
                                                      Plus jobs and
                                                      autonomous
                                                      trucking,
                                                      Waymo, GM,
                                                      Ford and
                                                      more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 198](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-198),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 198](https://youtu.be/G7wnT9StV5Q)
                                                      w/Dick Mudge,
                                                      CEO, Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      &
                                                      Technology

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 13, Which
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      companies will
                                                      be the last
                                                      standing?
                                                      And does
                                                      private
                                                      ownership of
                                                      self driving
                                                      cars make
                                                      sense?
                                                      Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      President Dick
                                                      Mudge joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Tesla, GM,
                                                      Toyota and
                                                      more..." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 197](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-197),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 197](https://youtu.be/1DXuNFbaxIc) w/Michel
                                                      Parent,
                                                      Founding
                                                      Member of
                                                      SuburVan

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 5, "Smart
                                                      mobility
                                                      innovation in
                                                      France.    Dr.
                                                      Michel Parent
                                                      founding
                                                      member of
                                                      SuburVan is
                                                      aiming to
                                                      provide fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility on
                                                      the outskirts
                                                      of Paris and
                                                      more.    He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Ford, GM,
                                                      Tesla, VW and
                                                      more...."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 196, Zoom-Cast Episode 196 w/Steve Polzin, Recently US DoT

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "Will
                                                      more safe
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology
                                                      dampen the
                                                      push for
                                                      driverless
                                                      mobility?
                                                      Measuring the
                                                      progress and
                                                      challenges
                                                      ahead with Dr.
                                                      Steven
                                                      Polzin..former
                                                      Sr. Advisor,
                                                      Office of the
                                                      Ass't.
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      Research and
                                                      Technology in
                                                      the DOT. He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin
                                                      ... plus GM
                                                      going zero
                                                      emission,
                                                      Tesla, Waymo
                                                      and more.."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 195 Zoom-Cast Episode 195 w/Diana Furchtgott-Roth, G. Washington U.

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "What
                                                      progress has
                                                      been made
                                                      towards
                                                      smarter, safer
                                                      mobility? The
                                                      push for a
                                                      back-up to
                                                      GPS. Why the
                                                      jump in
                                                      vehicle
                                                      fatalities
                                                      last year?
                                                      Those issues
                                                      and more as
                                                      former deputy
                                                      assistant U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      research and
                                                      technology
                                                      Diana
                                                      Furchtgott
                                                      Roth joins us. Plus...Microsoft, Cruise, Tesla and more on Smart Driving Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin. SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 194](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-194) [Zoom-Cast Episode 194](https://youtu.be/hK4Fj6erScY)
                                                      w/Anuj
                                                      Pradhan, UMass

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 15,
                                                      ""When it
                                                      comes to
                                                      vehicle safety technology...should manufacturers be sharing instead of competing?
                                                      Should there
                                                      be
                                                      standardization?
                                                      Anuj Pradhan,
                                                      co-director of
                                                      the Human
                                                      Performance
                                                      Lab at UMASS
                                                      Amherst joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest
                                                      from GM,
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Mobileye, Nio
                                                      and more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 193](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-193) [Zoom-Cast Episode 193](https://youtu.be/OETxB_wzkDw)
                                                      w/Bobby
                                                      Hambrick,
                                                      AutonomousStuff

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 8, "Bobby
                                                      Hambrick
                                                      started
                                                      AutuonomouStuff
                                                      in a barn in
                                                      Morton,
                                                      Illinois....and
                                                      has pioneered
                                                      much of the
                                                      technology
                                                      moving the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      industry
                                                      forward, now
                                                      as part of
                                                      Hexagon. Bobby
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      look back and
                                                      look ahead.
                                                      Plus...Apple,
                                                      Hyundai,
                                                      Waymo, Tesla
                                                      and more! "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 192 Zoom-Cast Episode 192 w/Danny Shapiro, nVIDIA

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 30,
                                                      "NVIDIA
                                                      continues on a
                                                      roll powering
                                                      the Zoox robo
                                                      taxi unveiled
                                                      this month by
                                                      Amazon.
                                                      NVIDIA senior
                                                      director of
                                                      automotive
                                                      Danny Shapiro
                                                      outlines the
                                                      progress and
                                                      looks ahead to
                                                      2021 in the
                                                      latest Smart
                                                      Driving Cars
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin. "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 191 Zoom-Cast Episode 191 w/ Louis Aaron’23 and Joel Johnson

F. Fishkin, Dec. 20, “College student Joel Johnson has been keeping a log of dozens of trips in Waymo’s self driving service in Chandler, Arizona, and posting videos on YouTube. Louis Aaron’23, another student, has been working with Elon Musk’s Boring Company in Las Vegas. The two share their experiences with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 190 Zoom-Cast Episode 190 w/Chris Urmson, Aurora

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 15, "With
                                                      Aurora taking
                                                      over Uber's
                                                      self driving
                                                      efforts,  what
                                                      is on the
                                                      horizon for
                                                      the start up
                                                      whose leaders
                                                      have roots at
                                                      Waymo,  Tesla
                                                      and Uber?
                                                      Co-founder and
                                                      CEO Chris
                                                      Urmson joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin in
                                                      this special
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 187  Zoom-Cast Episode 187 w/Michael Sena,  The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, Nov 25, “What you should know about electric cars, climate change and more.  The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye opening edition of Smart Driving Cars..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 186  Zoom-Cast Episode 186 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Report

F. Fishkin, Nov 24, “When it comes to active driver assistance systems, what works and what needs improvement? Some answers from Kelly Funkhouser… program manager for vehicle interface, head of connected and automated vehicles at Consumer Reports.  She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for episode 186 of Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 185 Zoom-Cast Episode 185 w/Dan Smith, Waymo F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “Only Waymo has been transporting customers in driverless vehicles without a safety monitor on board. What goes into that kind of decision? Waymo Assistant General Counsel Dan Smith joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in this special edition of Smart Driving Cars.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 184 Zoom-Cast Episode 184 w/Marjory Blumenthal, Rand F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “So when are driverless vehicles safe enough to be deployed? Senior Rand Corporation policy researcher Marjory Blumenthal joins Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to examine her latest report and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 183 Zoom-Cast Episode 183 w/Kirsten Korosec F. Fishkin, Nov 13, “Rivian’s hands free driver assistance will be standard equipment…while Ford unveils the E-Transit. TechCrunch Senior Transportation reporter and editor Kirsten Korosec joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Nuro, Tesla, Uber, Lyft, Cruise and more. Plus the coming changes for mobility under a new administration!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 182 Zoom-Cast Episode 182 F. Fishkin, Nov 6, “What will a new administration mean for autonomous mobility? And what about the passage of Proposition 22 in California after Uber’s big campaign? That plus luxury EVs coming from Bentley….and cheap EVs from China. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 181 Zoom-Cast Episode 181  w/Sheldon Sandler & Glenn Mercer F. Fishkin, Oct. 30, “Waymo releases self driving data…while traditional car dealers enjoy surprisingly strong profits during the pandemic. Why?  What about the coming autonomous mobility? Bell Air Partners’ Sheldon Sandler and researcher-consultant Glenn Mercer explain in Episode 181 of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.  “

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 180  Zoom-Cast Episode 180 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo, part 2 F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Ford and Argo AI have unveiled their next generation self-driving test vehicle. Once again, Ford’s Director of Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to unveil the technology and the company’s self driving business plans.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 179 Zoom-Cast Episode 179 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Which autonomous vehicle platforms will survive? The director of Ford’s Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development says there may only be two…and Ford /Argo AI will be one of them. John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 178  Zoom-Cast Episode 178 w/Andrew Hawkins, Verge F. Fishkin, Oct. 9, “Here we go! Waymo going fully driverless in Phoenix suburb service. The Verge senior transportation reporter Andrew Hawkins joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla… Amazon… Rivian and more. Subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 177   Zoom-Cast Episode 177

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Oct. 2, "New
                                                      grades for
                                                      assisted
                                                      driving
                                                      systems from
                                                      Euro NCAP.
                                                      But Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      says the devil
                                                      is in the
                                                      details in
                                                      this edition
                                                      with co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin.
                                                      And there's
                                                      Amazon's
                                                      success
                                                      against Covid
                                                      plusTesla,
                                                      Uber, GM,
                                                      Nikola and
                                                      more. SmartDrivingCars [Pod-Cast Episode 176](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-176)  [Zoom-Cast Episode 176](https://youtu.be/lHjSTXH-GGchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHvG6Aqt6fk&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Marc
                                                      Scribner

F. Fishkin, Sept. 25, “A new government entity to oversee autonomous vehicles? Marc Scribner, Sr. Transportation Policy Analyst at the Reason Foundation on regulation and more with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Tesla, Nikola, GM and the California move to ban new gasoline vehicles.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 175   Zoom-Cast Episode 175 w/Michael Sena F. Fishkin, Sept. 18, “Automobility and the future of car dealers… “The Dispatcher” publisher Michael Sena offers a different take on how car dealers may battle automakers pushing for direct to consumer subscriptions. That and more in this edition of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 174 Zoom-Cast Episode 174 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Reports

F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 173 Zoom-Cast Episode 173 w/Nathanial Beuse F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 172Zoom-Cast Episode 172  Special Edition w/Danny Shapiro

F. Fishkin ,Sept. 2, “Mercedes unveils the latest S Class with more computing power than 60 average cars…with NVIDIA playing a big role. NVIDIA’s Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 171Zoom-Cast Episode 171 w/Henry Greenidge

SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 170  ZoomCast Episode170 w/Michael Sena SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 169 ZoomCast Episode 169  w/Anthony Townsend SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 168 ZoomCast Episode 168  w/Olaf Sakkers SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 167  ZoomCast Episode167 w/Robin Chase, Carlos Pardo & Daniel Sperling SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 166ZoomCast Episode 166 w/Jay Rodgers’95, CEO Local Motors

                                                      Zoom-inar
                                                      Episode 005
                                                      AmaZooks

F. Fishkin, July 20, “Is Driverless home delivery the fastest route to Affordable Mobility for the Mobility Disadvantaged? … “

SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 165,ZoomCast Episode165 w/Michael Sena

F. Fishkin 16, “Is the option to buy a car at a dealership going to vanish? The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena has a provocative perspective in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..an update on the Amazon Zoox deal, autonomous vehicles and how they can help battle discrimination in transportation, TuSimple, Mobileye, Uber, Tesla and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast 164 Episode 164,   Zoom-Cast Episode 163 w/Robbie Diamond

F. Fishkin, July 9, “Fostering economic opportunity through autonomous technology is the focus of an upcoming report from Security America’s Future Energy. Founder and CEO Robbie Diamond shares details and more in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus ..are armed police officers really needed for traffic enforcement? And the latest from Tesla, Waymo and more.  …” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 163Zoom-Cast Episode 163 w/Henry Greenidge F. Fishkin, July 2, “Transportation, racial injustices and changing the thinking around the future of mobility. NYU McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy & Research fellow Henry Greenidge joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye and mind opening episode of Smart Driving Cars. Plus Amazon, Zoox, Waymo, Tesla & more. .”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 162,  Zoom-Cast Episode 162  w/Cliff Winston

F. Fishkin, June 25, “From the Brookings Institution, Cliff Winston, co-author of Autonomous Vehicles…The Road to Economic Growth? joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..why are fatal crash rates rising in the midst of a pandemic…plus NVIDIA, Didi, Tesla and more.”

                                                      Episode 004  [Insurance: For or Against SmartDrivingCars?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHlPaNmjeag&feature=youtu.be)

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 23, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

Listen/Watch more  Hmmm…   We only scratched the surface. Alain SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 161,Zoom-Cast Episode 161 w/Alberto Stochino F. Fishkin, June 17, “Is less data sometimes more when it comes to driverless vehicle technology? Perceptive Founder and CEO Alberto Stochino joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the DOT’s new plan for sharing autonomous safety information, the latest from Tesla, EVs from China and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 160Zoom-Cast Episode 160  w/Jessica Cicchino F. Fishkin, June 12, “Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Research VP Jessica Cicchino co-authored a new study saying self driving vehicles could struggle to eliminate most crashes.   She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to discuss the study.  Plus the latest on Tesla, Ford & VW, Covid-19 and more.  ”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 159,  Zoom-Cast Episode 159 w/Kara Kockelman F. Fishkin, June 4, “Prof. Kara Kockelman’s focus on smart transportation to save lives, money and the environment has made her a sought after global expert.  The U. of Texas Transportation Engineering Professor joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin on the impact of Covid-19 and much more. Plus Tesla, Uber, Argo AI and the top smart driving headlines. For more on Dr. Kockelman’s work….please visit…  http://www.caee.utexas.edu/prof/kockelman.”

                                                      DrivingTheDebate
                                                      Episode 003  [Everyone's for Connectivity; but...](https://youtu.be/DMNLH_fkcI4) F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 2, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

Listen/Watch more  Hmmm…   We only scratched the surface. Alain

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 158,  Zoom-Cast Episode 158 w/Chunka Mui

F. Fishkin, May 28, “In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, what are the smartest ways to re-build and plan for the future? Futurist and author Chunka Mui joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Amazon, Zoox, Intel Mobileye, Tesla, Uber and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 157,  Zoom-Cast Episode 157 w/Grayson Brulte

F. Fishkin, May 21, “Global auto makers must completely re-think their autonomous mobility strategy as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. So says innovation strategist Grayson Brulte of Brulte & Company….who joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Waymo, Tesla, Uber and more.”

  DrivingTheDebate Episode 002  The Future of Public Roadway Transit F. Fishkin, May 14, ”Will the Bus be Thrown Under the Bus?…

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 156,  Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 156 w/Danny Shapiro2 F. Fishkin, May 14, “With new hardware and software capabilities NVIDIA is expanding into new areas of driver assistance technology. Sr. Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus the latest on Waymo, Voyage, Ford and more. listen and subscribe!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 155,Zoom-Cast Episode 155 w/Alex Roy2 F. Fishkin, April 29, “The continuing impact of Covid-19 on autonomous vehicle progress. But it may not be all bad news. Alex Roy…host of the No Parking Podcast and Director of Special Operations at Argo AI joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Intel, Lyft, Uber and more. Listen and subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 154Zoom-Cast Episode 154   w/Dan Sperling F. Fishkin, April 29, “Can ride sharing rebound after the pandemic? Daniel Sperling, founding director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Waymo, Ford and more.”

   DrivingTheDebate Episode 001 The Driverless “New Normal” Debate F. Fishkin, April 27,

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 153Zoom-Cast Episode 153 w/Dick Mudge2

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 152,Zoom-Cast Episode 152 w/Brad Templeton

SmartDrivingCars Podcast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

 SmartDrivingCars Zoom-Cast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 147 - Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 142 - J. Hughes

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 141- A. Roy

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 139- Randal O’Toole

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 138-Nick Zart

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 136

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 135 - with Jim Atkinson

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 130 with Dick Mudge & Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 112 - J. Hardiman NJM

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 110 - Lance Elliot

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 108 3rd Summit Wrapup

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 107 3rd Summit Leilei Shinohara & Staff Sergeant Terence McDonnell

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 106 3rd Summit David Kidd & Cecillia Feeley

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 104 3rd Summit Anil Lewis & Katherine Freund

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 97 - Michael Sena’69

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 71-Nader’55

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 69 - Chunka Mui

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 65 - Bernard Soriano, CA DMV

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 58-Keith Code,Motorcycles

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 55-Larry Burns, Autonomy

Recent Highlights of:

                                                      March 26, 2021   [Labor to DOT: Scrap Trump administration's automated vehicles plan](https://www.freightwaves.com/news/labor-to-dot-scrap-trump-administrations-automated-vehicles-plan) J.
                                                      Gallagher,
                                                      March 24, "Two
                                                      prominent
                                                      labor unions
                                                      want the U.S.
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (DOT) to
                                                      reject the
                                                      Trump
                                                      administration's
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle (AV)
                                                      strategy for
                                                      relying too
                                                      much on the
                                                      viewpoint from
                                                      industry
                                                      without enough
                                                      attention paid
                                                      to potential
                                                      damage to
                                                      worker safety
                                                      and jobs.

                                                      The 38-page [Automated Vehicles Comprehensive Plan](https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/2021-01/USDOT_AVCP.pdf)
                                                      (AVCP), one of
                                                      the last
                                                      documents
                                                      released for
                                                      public comment
                                                      by DOT under
                                                      Secretary
                                                      Elaine Chao
                                                      before she
                                                      left the
                                                      administration
                                                      in January,
                                                      laid out the
                                                      previous
                                                      administration's
                                                      vision for
                                                      integrating
                                                      AVs – both
                                                      cars and heavy
                                                      trucks – into
                                                      the U.S.
                                                      transportation
                                                      system.

The plan received 23 comments before the comment period closed on Tuesday, with trucking technology companies generally supporting the strategy and labor rejecting it.

“This document doubles down on the previous administration’s irresponsible, hands-off approach to AV deployment and regulation and mostly boosts the agency’s role as cheerleader and enabler rather than safety regulator,” wrote John Samuelsen, international president of the Transport Workers Union of America (TWU), which represents transit workers….” Read more  Hmmmm…  One might suggest that TWU’s position is enormously short sighted. Transit pre_Covid served 1% of the person-miles in the US. That is a niche of a niche.  During Covid, almost anyone who could affords a car and didn’t have one, bought one. Transit ridership took an enormous hit. Even with enormous subsidy, Transit, especially bus transit, is hardly ever the “mode of choice” for anyone because its level-of-service is fundamentally poor. It serves relatively few locations, loosely connected by a route which delivers service only at infrequent fixed times. Essentially no other consumer commodity today operates with so little regard to its customer’s real-time needs and desires.  Even network television has adapted to become demand-responsive as opposed to take-it-or-leave-it.

Conventional transit is labor intensive because it needs a chauffeur for each vehicle and that chauffeur deserves nice working conditions and a living wage. Unfortunately, the service that a chauffeur can deliver can’t attract enough customers to make that service a going concern. However, an automated driver can arguably deliver demand-responsive service while having the total cost of its working conditions and level-of-effort be substantially less than a TWU driver.  This might let a Transit entity to actually develop a going concern that would serve 10x or more person-miles and create better paying and better working conditions for all TWU members.

More importantly, there is no downside for the TWU with these automated drivers.  If they aren’t substantially better than a TWU driver, they won’t be adopted by any Transit operator.  If they are, they’ll so improve the level-of-service that ridership will boom and there will be better jobs for all TWU members and more.  There is no downside here. All of this is in the TWU’s best interests. Alain March 19, 2021

                                                      [Tesla's "Full Self Driving" Beta Is Just Laughably Bad and Potentially Dangerous](https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/car-technology/news/a30186/tesla-autopilot-crash-employees-worried/) M.
                                                      Hogan, March
                                                      19, "A beta
                                                      version of
                                                      Tesla's "Full
                                                      Self Driving"
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      update has
                                                      begun rolling
                                                      out to certain
                                                      users. And
                                                      man, if you
                                                      thought "Full
                                                      Self Driving"
                                                      was even close
                                                      to a reality,
                                                      this [video of the system in action](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=antLneVlxcs)
                                                      will certainly
                                                      relieve you of
                                                      that notion.
                                                      It is perhaps
                                                      the best
                                                      comprehensive
                                                      video at
                                                      illustrating
                                                      just how
                                                      morally
                                                      dubious,
                                                      technologically
                                                      limited, and
                                                      potentially
                                                      dangerous
                                                      Autopilot's
                                                      "Full Self
                                                      Driving" beta
                                                      program
                                                      is...." [Read more](https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/car-technology/news/a30186/tesla-autopilot-crash-employees-worried/)  Hmmmm...  The [Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=antLneVlxcs)is
                                                      MUST watch.
                                                      This is what I
                                                      would call a "Semi-SelfDriving
                                                      Alpha"
                                                      product in
                                                      this
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (non-dense
                                                      city/commercial
                                                      suburban
                                                      streets,
                                                      during
                                                      daylight, in
                                                      clear weather
                                                      with moderate
                                                      temperature
                                                      conditions).

Drivers have four (4) “responsibilities”. 1. Feet/foot on/near the pedals, 2. Hand(s) on the wheel, 3. Eyes on the road, and 4. Butt in the driver’s seat (and possibly 5…. Have reasonable cognitive brain functions). If the Operational Design Domain is a straight lane with a slight downgrade and nothing else around, my “55 Chevy” can “Self-drive” and even be “Driverless”. I don’t even have to be in it.  However, we must all agree, that we can’t call my “55 Chevy” a “Driverless” car. We can’t even call it a Self-driving because I’m going to need to have my butt is the driver’s seat to do something when the ODD changes (the road turns , …) and it is, at best, Semi-Self driving because my eyes will need to be on the road for me to realize that the “55 Chevy” is about to exit its ODD. It is going to need help from me to not crash.

So Elon’s FSD is definitely Semi-SelfDriving because its ODD doesn’t come close to including many of the situations that it found in its video journey above.  It is Alpha because any potential user can be expected to have little if any idea what is required to use this product without getting hurt. So,  please be very careful out there and don’t stop paying attention to the road ahead!!! Alain

Saturday, March 13, 2021

                                                      [General Motors Aims to Transform Auto Insurance Industry with OnStar Insurance](https://www.dropbox.com/s/96y8p2x2hpet1zr/GM_OnStar%20Auto%20Insurance%20Launch%20Media%20Advisory.pdf?dl=0)

                                                      Press Release,
                                                      March 11, "GM
                                                      announced it
                                                      will take its
                                                      relentless
                                                      focus on
                                                      safety and
                                                      delivering a
                                                      world-class
                                                      customer
                                                      experience one
                                                      step further
                                                      with [OnStar Insurance](https://www.onstarinsurance.com/).
                                                      ...  OnStar
                                                      Insurance
                                                      Services
                                                      intends to
                                                      leverage its
                                                      unique
                                                      understanding
                                                      of the
                                                      vehicles GM
                                                      produces to
                                                      offer..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/96y8p2x2hpet1zr/GM_OnStar%20Auto%20Insurance%20Launch%20Media%20Advisory.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm.... See Kornhauser's [Automated Driving of Road Vehicles 101: Why, What, Where, When](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e9gnpjre1oqsbyd/AutomatedVehicleTechnologiesWhyWhatWhenWhere.pdf?dl=0).  Also:

Given that:

1.  “>90%” crashes involve driver misbehavior;

2.  OEMs are including more SmartDriving technology in cars.  That technology comes in two part:     a.  SafelyDriven technology which “works” essentially everywhere, all the time to avert crashes by mitigating driver misbehavior, see #1 above..

        i. Examples: anti-lock brakes, electronic stability control, automated emergency braking, blind spot warning, …)        ii. Liability/Insurance implications: the better these work the lower the expected liability, the lower the expected LOSS and the happier the company that insures their owners. 😁!         iii. OnStar/GM Insurance Advantage: They know earlier and better how well these systems can be expected to work. They designed and tested the systems before they put them in the showroom and have “the data” to compute better expected liabilities by driver characteristics and thus be better able to craft and price an insurance product for each purchaser of a GM vehicle. Simply, they will be better able to “know when to hold ‘em .. know when to fold ‘em … they can better know what’s comin’”.

    b.  SelfDriving technology which works only some of the time and some of the places  (Don’t worry, as soon as they work all of the time and all of the places it will be a very big deal and you’ll know it, but don’t hold your breath.)

Nor do any of them perform better than an average driver that is not misbehaving. Again, don’t hold your breath. Consequently these systems are Comfort & Convenience features that, at best, should not degrade safety.  To not degrade safety, these systems must work properly when engaged by the driver and the driver must not engage them when and where these systems aren’t going to work properly. (… Drivers must not misbehave in the use of these systems (… Use these systems outside their certified Operational Design Domain, ODD)).

            i. Examples: Cruise Conroe (Feet-off , but required the driver to steer (Hands-on), be aware and alert (Eyes-on) and be seated in the driver’s seat (Butt-in), and available only in a certain speed range, lane-grade range, doesn’t respond to traffic signals, doesn’t work if there is a stationary object in the lane ahead, …); Automated lane keeping ({Feet-on, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-in}, but only if proper lane markings exist); Automated parking ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out} all starting from speed zero in an area that is recognized by the systems as a parking opportunity); StupidSummon ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out}, but only available within the driver’s own property), “Level3” ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-off, Butt-in}, but only on some certified in real time road segments.)

            ii. Liability/Insurance implications: To date these systems have been sold on a “buyer beware” basis in that all liability implications of their use fell on the shoulders of the driver and their insurer. Consequently, misuse of these systems was the driver’s/insurer’s “problem”. Unfortunately, misuse of these systems and the resulting degradation of safety can be expected to cause regulators to insist that future versions of these SelfDriving technologies must include monitoring systems that preclude them from being available, let alone be used, outside of their real-time Operational Design Domain(ODD) for which their functionality has been “certified by the OEM” to not degrade safety.  This “floor” for safety can be expected to be that experienced by an average non-misbehaving driver in similar driving situations.

This implies that if a crash happens during the use of one of these systems, it is 1. one of these “rare” events in which the driver was not misbehaving. The insurer is dragged in and may well be liable (This is what insurance is supposed to be all about), or 2. the system failed in its automated driving function.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable  from a product liability standpoint or 3. the driver was mis-behaving in the use of the system. This means that the system failed in precluding the system’s use.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable from a product liability standpoint.

3. Implications on Insurer:   Let: $Aij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in and possibly having to pay damages” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a “Rare events” crash, or crashes, over the duration of the insurance policy.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      is largely a
                                                      function of
                                                      the kinds of
                                                      driving driver
                                                      i is going to
                                                      do.  Its
                                                      estimation is
                                                      independent of
                                                      any
                                                      proprietary
                                                      product
                                                      information
                                                      held by GM.
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      is not
                                                      advantaged.)

$Bij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash, or crashes, resulting from the failure of features j to avoid the crash when driver i was misbehaving.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      SafelyDriven
                                                      technology
                                                      didn't perform
                                                      perfectly.
                                                      Given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showroom,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      allows
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

$Cij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash when the System was engaged  and the incident occurred outside the System’s certified ODD.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      automated
                                                      Comfort&Convenience
                                                      features
                                                      either didn't
                                                      perform as
                                                      well as a
                                                      well-behaving
                                                      driver inside
                                                      the feature's
                                                      certified ODD,
                                                      or driver i
                                                      was able to
                                                      mis-use the
                                                      system by
                                                      engaging it
                                                      outside its
                                                      ODD.  Again,
                                                      given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showrooms,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      also allows
                                                      one to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

In pricing insurance, the insurer must estimate the distribution of expected expenses associated with the crashes driver i can be expected to have in car with features j over the life of the policy and price that insurance product accordingly.

For an outside insurer, call them WB: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $WBij = {$Aij}wb + {$Bij}wb + {$Cij}wb

For GM: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $GMij = {$Bij}gm + {$Cij}gm (They get dragged in to all of the “non-rare” crashes because of product liability responsibility

For OnStar Insurance: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $OSij = {$Aij}os (Since GM is already dragged in, no need for OnStarInsurance to also be drawn in to defend themselves.).

Consequently, OnStar has a fundamental pricing advantage because $OSij « $WBij.  Plus OnStar/GM can better estimate the $Bij and $Cij distributions. Thus OnStar “knows when to hold ‘em..” in the insurance pricing game.

Finally, it is very much in GM’s interest to get its SafelyDriven technologies as perfect as possible so as to minimize {$Bij}gm on every vehicle GM sells and to forbid, as best as possible, the mis-use/availability of it SelfDriving Comfort&Convenience features outside their ODD to minimize {$Cij}gm on every vehicle GM sells.

The above is an extraordinarily strong financial incentive for GM to make its SafelyDriven and Comfort&Convenience automated driving technologies as good as possible and, if they are going to do that, GM might as well also be in the insurance business.  Alain

                                                      [Automated Driving Technologies: Driving Change in Insurance](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)

                                                      K. Pyle, March
                                                      5, "It is in
                                                      the insurance
                                                      industry's
                                                      best interest
                                                      to use
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      technology to
                                                      make things
                                                      safer through
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance, not
                                                      just crash
                                                      mitigation.
                                                      Unlike crash
                                                      mitigation,
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance
                                                      saves the
                                                      insurance
                                                      company money.
                                                      This was Alain
                                                      Kornhauserâ's
                                                      premise for
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit,
                                                      Incentivizing
                                                      Through
                                                      Insurance. The trillion-dollar question is whether the incentives to automate will
                                                      overcome the
                                                      countervailing
                                                      forces of
                                                      existing
                                                      business
                                                      practices in
                                                      other parts of
                                                      the mobility
                                                      industry?...."
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken.  Alain

                                                      [March 2021 Issue](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena, Feb 23,
                                                      " ... There is
                                                      no way to test
                                                      a car
                                                      virtually...

OEMs are still learning that that today’s cars are not your father’s Oldsmobile.

                                                      Vehicle
                                                      connectivity
                                                      is not
                                                      something that
                                                      is tacked onto
                                                      a car, like a battery-operated portable TOMTOM or GARMIN (or [CoPilot](https://copilottruck.com/)...Michael,
                                                      How could you
                                                      forget?...!)...navigation
                                                      system....

                                                      Driving Neat:
                                                      Can U.S. Take
                                                      Its Cars
                                                      Without
                                                      ICE?..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm... Plus much much more.
                                                      Enjoy!!! Alain  [COMMENTARY: How the Biden Administration and Congress Can Pave the Path for Automated Vehicles](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/) M.
                                                      Scribner, Feb.
                                                      11, "Automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology is
                                                      coming; it's
                                                      advancing very
                                                      quickly," said
                                                      now-confirmed
                                                      Secretary of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Pete Buttigieg
                                                      during his
                                                      confirmation
                                                      hearing. “It
                                                      is something
                                                      that holds the
                                                      potential to
                                                      be
                                                      transformative
                                                      and I think in
                                                      many ways
                                                      policy has not
                                                      kept up.”

                                                      Secretary
                                                      Buttigieg is
                                                      absolutely
                                                      correct. The
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Department of Transportation, specifically the National Highway Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      division, has
                                                      a number of
                                                      tools at its
                                                      disposal that
                                                      can be used to
                                                      modernize the
                                                      federal
                                                      regulatory
                                                      environment to
                                                      help speed the
                                                      deployment of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technologies
                                                      that can
                                                      greatly
                                                      enhance
                                                      safety,
                                                      mobility, and
                                                      access for all
                                                      Americans.
                                                      There is also
                                                      an important
                                                      role for
                                                      Congress,
                                                      especially at
                                                      this early
                                                      stage of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      development.

                                                      To support
                                                      reform efforts
                                                      within the
                                                      executive and
                                                      legislative
                                                      branches, my
                                                      new Reason
                                                      Foundation
                                                      policy brief,
                                                      [Challenges and Opportunities for Federal Automated Vehicle Policy](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0),
                                                      lays out
                                                      several steps
                                                      policymakers
                                                      can take to
                                                      adapt the
                                                      automotive
                                                      regulatory
                                                      apparatus to
                                                      automated
                                                      driving system
                                                      technologies.
                                                      The brief is
                                                      broken into
                                                      three main
                                                      sections:
                                                      defining
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles, a
                                                      survey of
                                                      current
                                                      federal
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle policy
                                                      development
                                                      activities,
                                                      and
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for federal
                                                      policymakers.

                                                      The reform
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for
                                                      legislators
                                                      and regulators
                                                      are
                                                      categorized
                                                      under four
                                                      themes: ..." [Read more](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/)  Hmmmm... Read especially: "[CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR FEDERAL AUTOMATED VEHICLE POLICY](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0)".  Included is an extensive
                                                      discussion on
                                                      the SAE Levels
                                                      where Marc
                                                      states: "...most legacy automakers and new
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      developers are
                                                      planning to
                                                      avoid SAE
                                                      Level 3
                                                      altogether.."
                                                      and  "Given
                                                      the wide
                                                      diversity of
                                                      road network
                                                      operating
                                                      conditions,
                                                      achieving SAE
                                                      Level 5 poses
                                                      significant
                                                      challenges...."
                                                      That leaves
                                                      just two very
                                                      different
                                                      classes of AVs
                                                      ...
                                                      Safely-driven
                                                      AVs,
                                                      encompasing
                                                      SAE Levels 1
                                                      & 2, that
                                                      assist and
                                                      support human
                                                      drivers while
                                                      requiring that
                                                      a human driver
                                                      ensures that
                                                      the vehicle
                                                      will be driven
                                                      safely... and
                                                      Driverless
                                                      AVs, SAE Level
                                                      4, where the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      that the
                                                      vehicle will
                                                      be driven
                                                      safely is
                                                      entirely borne
                                                      by the driving
                                                      technology.
                                                      Those are the
                                                      only two
                                                      kinds.  Policy
                                                      should focus
                                                      on only those
                                                      two and get
                                                      those right.
                                                      They are they
                                                      only real
                                                      opportunities
                                                      for this
                                                      technology ...
                                                      one to help
                                                      human drivers
                                                      drive more
                                                      safely and the
                                                      other is to
                                                      drive safely
                                                      without any
                                                      help or
                                                      involvement by
                                                      anyone riding
                                                      long with the
                                                      vehicle.
                                                      Thus, the
                                                      first order of
                                                      business for
                                                      Federal Policy
                                                      is to simplify
                                                      the process by
                                                      concentrating
                                                      on those two
                                                      very diffent
                                                      kinds of AVs
                                                      and get those
                                                      right.  Alain

                                                      [Biden inherits big traffic safety mess](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      Feb. 4, "...
                                                      "  [Read more](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)  Hmmmm... If the driver/owner is
                                                      expected to be
                                                      prepared to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      it is NOT full
                                                      anything,
                                                      period.
                                                      Moreover, if
                                                      the
                                                      owner/driver
                                                      is NOT
                                                      prepared, nor
                                                      permitted to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      the fleet
                                                      operator is
                                                      required to
                                                      accept the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      and "make
                                                      whole" any and
                                                      all
                                                      liabilities
                                                      arising from
                                                      any  and all
                                                      "at fault"
                                                      crashes.
                                                      Until Elon is
                                                      willing to
                                                      step up and
                                                      take on that
                                                      responsibility/liability
                                                      or sell his
                                                      cars
                                                      exclusively to
                                                      operating
                                                      entities that
                                                      assume that
                                                      responsibility
                                                      his Teslas are
                                                      NOT full
                                                      anything, period! Alain

Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System G. Laniewki, Jan 26. “:…“  Read more  Hmmmm… Very nice Nation-wide investigation by my students this past Fall. Alain

G.M. Will Sell Only Zero-Emission Vehicles by 2035

                                                      N. Boudette,
                                                      Jan. 28, "The
                                                      days of the
                                                      internal
                                                      combustion
                                                      engine are
                                                      numbered.

                                                      General Motors
                                                      said Thursday
                                                      that it would
                                                      phase out
                                                      petroleum-powered
                                                      cars and
                                                      trucks and
                                                      sell only
                                                      vehicles that
                                                      have zero
                                                      tailpipe
                                                      emissions by
                                                      2035, a
                                                      seismic shift
                                                      by one of the
                                                      world's
                                                      largest
                                                      automakers
                                                      that makes
                                                      billions of
                                                      dollars today
                                                      from
                                                      gas-guzzling
                                                      pickup trucks
                                                      and sport
                                                      utility
                                                      vehicles.

                                                      .."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/business/gm-zero-emission-vehicles.html?campaign_id=60&emc=edit_na_20210128&instance_id=0&nl=breaking-news&ref=headline&regi_id=89228009&segment_id=50516&user_id=bb3a3afb7a60246a936251b2f79cc1db)Hmmmm...
                                                      Great!
                                                      (maybe???):
                                                      Good News:
                                                      Zero emission
                                                      vehicles; Bad
                                                      News: From
                                                      where cometh
                                                      the marginal
                                                      electricity
                                                      that enables
                                                      that
                                                      Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle to
                                                      move and what
                                                      carries that
                                                      electricity to
                                                      the point on
                                                      the road where
                                                      that
                                                      electricity is
                                                      used to power
                                                      that Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle?
                                                      Until we have
                                                      a "Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Battery" and
                                                      all
                                                      electricity is
                                                      created using
                                                      Zero Emission,
                                                      GM cannot
                                                      produce, nor
                                                      sell, Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Vehicles that
                                                      actually move
                                                      (other than [downhill a la Nikola](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2020/09/nikola-admits-prototype-was-rolling-downhill-in-promotional-video/)).
                                                      So please tout
                                                      the whole
                                                      story!!  (Will
                                                      these EVs be
                                                      less polluting
                                                      than an ICE
                                                      that GM could
                                                      build and sell
                                                      "by 2035"? is
                                                      the real
                                                      question.  The
                                                      answer depends
                                                      on where we
                                                      will be with
                                                      electricity
                                                      production and
                                                      distribution,
                                                      the efficiency
                                                      and makeup of
                                                      batteries and
                                                      the
                                                      improvement of
                                                      ICEs. (I
                                                      didn't mean to
                                                      imply that it
                                                      was a simple
                                                      question, but
                                                      the NY Times
                                                      should be more
                                                      than
                                                      click-bait.).
                                                        Alain

                                                      January 29,
                                                      2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

                                                      [U Mich's Robert Hampshire joins Biden administration to work in transportation research and technology](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)

                                                      J. Karoub,
                                                      Jan. 21,
                                                      "Robert
                                                      Hampshire,
                                                      associate
                                                      professor at
                                                      the University
                                                      of Michiga's
                                                      Gerald R. Ford
                                                      School of
                                                      Public Policy
                                                      whose research
                                                      and policy
                                                      engagement
                                                      focuses on
                                                      understanding
                                                      the societal,
                                                      climate and
                                                      equity
                                                      implications
                                                      of autonomous
                                                      and connected
                                                      vehicles and
                                                      other
                                                      innovative
                                                      mobility
                                                      services, has
                                                      joined the
                                                      Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      to work in the
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      ..  [Read more](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)  Hmmmm...  What a fantastic
                                                      appointment. Congratulations Robert!  Alain

                                                      [AUTOMATED VEHICLES: Comprehensive Plan](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0) E.
                                                      Chao, Jan.
                                                      2021, "The
                                                      Automated
                                                      Vehicles
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan
                                                      (Comprehensive
                                                      Plan)
                                                      describes how
                                                      the United
                                                      States
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (U.S. DOT) is
                                                      supporting the
                                                      safe
                                                      integration of
                                                      Automated
                                                      Driving
                                                      Systems (ADS)2
                                                      into the
                                                      surface
                                                      transportation
                                                      system. It
                                                      explains
                                                      Departmental
                                                      goals related
                                                      to ADS,
                                                      identifies
                                                      actions being
                                                      taken to meet
                                                      those goals,
                                                      and provides
                                                      real-world
                                                      examples of
                                                      how these
                                                      Departmental
                                                      actions relate
                                                      to emerging
                                                      ADS
                                                      applications...
                                                        "  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm...  I guess this is a good
                                                      plan.  Of
                                                      course, Safety
                                                      is #1, as it
                                                      should be.
                                                      DoT's #1
                                                      public
                                                      responsibility
                                                      is Safety.
                                                      Whether Cyber
                                                      Security and
                                                      Privacy are #
                                                      2 and 3  and
                                                      ahead of
                                                      Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      is certainly
                                                      debatable.
                                                      And if the Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      of the
                                                      "mobility
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      that have been
                                                      left behind by
                                                      our current
                                                      favored
                                                      transport
                                                      system"  were
                                                      to be a
                                                      category, then
                                                      that one
                                                      should be
                                                      right behind
                                                      Safety at #2
                                                      if not ahead
                                                      of Safety and
                                                      a solid #1.
                                                      The rest. as
                                                      they should,
                                                      are
                                                      appropriately
                                                      details.  What
                                                      is most
                                                      disconcerting
                                                      about the
                                                      report are the
                                                      images. To me,
                                                      those images
                                                      depict the
                                                      current
                                                      "haves", not
                                                      "have-nots"
                                                      and thus don't
                                                      really address
                                                      the mobility
                                                      needs and
                                                      desires of
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      enhanced by
                                                      automation
                                                      technology.
                                                      These images
                                                      seem to focus
                                                      the Plan on
                                                      giving those
                                                      that already
                                                      have pretty
                                                      good ways to
                                                      get around,
                                                      yet another
                                                      way to get
                                                      around, where,
                                                      when you
                                                      finally get
                                                      right down to
                                                      it, may at
                                                      best be only
                                                      slightly
                                                      better than
                                                      what they
                                                      already have.
                                                      This
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan should
                                                      first be
                                                      focused on
                                                      providing
                                                      high-quality
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      improved by
                                                      such new
                                                      technologies
                                                      and
                                                      subsequently
                                                      serve those
                                                      that already
                                                      enjoy and can
                                                      afford other
                                                      high-quality
                                                      forms of
                                                      mobility.

Also, Elaine, thank you for a really good 4 years.  You (and USDoT) were really the star of what was otherwise a most embarrassing Presidency. Also, thanks to Diana Furchtgott-Roth and many others in US DoT.  Alain

                                                      January 08,
                                                      2021

  Automatic braking is now on most new cars. But not GM or Fiat Chrysler vehicles C. Isidore, Dec 17, “Automatic braking, once a feature available exclusively to high-end cars, is becoming common across the industry, according to analysis from Consumer Reports and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

                                                      .. "  [Read more](https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/17/business/automatic-braking/)  Hmmmm... Set up for the [3rd session of the SDC Summit](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210114).
                                                      Alain

                                                      December 11,
                                                      2020

                                                      [Uber, After Years of Trying, Is Handing Off Its Self-Driving Car Project](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/07/technology/uber-self-driving-car-project.html)

                                                      December 04,
                                                      2020

  Nikola Teaches GM a Lesson S. Wilmot, Nov 30, “Nikola Corp. NKLA 0.76% isn’t turning out to be the next Tesla that investors and    were hoping for. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Lessons for many in this endeavor.  See alsoAndrew Hawkin’s take as well as David Morris’. Alain

                                                      November 26,

 The Vehicle Fuel Debate Has Been Hijacked

M. Sena, Nov. 19, “The lead article this month was inspired by a diagram I received showing how much of the energy that we generate to heat our homes, light up our rooms, make the concrete and steel to build our infrastructure and power our transportation is wasted. It’s over two-thirds. Wasted! Half of it is from producing electricity.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)Hmmmm... What can I say?? Another great
                                                      edition of the
                                                      Dispatcher. Be
                                                      sure to read
                                                      all the way
                                                      through
                                                      including  "[Musings of a Dispatcher: Cars are from Mars](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)".  Enjoy and listen/watch the
                                                      following [Pod](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-187)/[Zoom](https://youtu.be/eyGCKObQ4e0)-casts.  Alain

  Waymo’s Safety Methodologies and Safety Readiness Determinations N, Webb, Oct. 30, “As the world’s most experienced developer of automated driving systems, Waymo has extensive experience in developing and applying state-of-the-art safety methodologies. Waymo’s methodologies help implement Waymo’s forward-looking safety philosophy: Waymo will reduce traffic injuries and fatalities by driving safely and responsibly, and will carefully manage risk as we scale our operations. Waymo’s safety methodologies, which draw on well established engineering processes and address new safety challenges specific to Automated Vehicle technology, provide a firm foundation for safe deployment of our Level 4 ADS, which we also refer to as the Waymo Driver. Waymo’s determination of its readiness to deploy its AVs safely in different settings rests on that firm foundation and on a thorough analysis of risks specific to a particular Operational Design Domain )….”  Read more Hmmmm…  The process.  Must read!  Alain

  Waymo Public Road Safety Performance Data M. Schwall, Oct. 30, “Waymo’s mission to reduce traffic injuries and fatalities and improve mobility for all has led us to expand deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) on public roads without a human driver behind the wheel.  As part of this process, Waymo is committed to providing the public with informative and relevant data regarding the demonstrated safety of Waymo’s automated driving system (ADS), which we call the Waymo Driver….” Read more Hmmmm…  The substance.  Must read! …

I had the priveledge of reviewing Waymo’s most recent Safety Reports 1 , 2 (above)

In the past, safety reports by the AV community have largely been a response to NHTSA’¢s Voluntary Safety Self-Assessments and have, in my opinion, been largely public relations documents. While generally descriptive about the testing processes they contain very little, if any, substantive information about their safety related experience to-date focused exclusively on driverless operation.

Safe driverless operation is absolutely necessary for AVs to evolve from extremely expensive chauffeured rides to affordable mobility available to essentially anyone throughout an Operational Design Domain (ODD). Affordability requires that the mobility be delivered without a driver or attendant on-board the vehicle.  Only passengers.

The decision to remove the driver/attendant rests in part on the shoulders of public safety regulators who need to allow such operation, but more importantly, on the shoulders of the real decision makers at the AV company. In the end, it is those AV company decision makers who will be held fully responsible for any lapse in the safety of the driverless operation. These decision makers are inside the AV companies and are, of course, privy to all the details and substance about their own safety related driverless operation, which, in the past, has not been shared in their Voluntary Safety Self-assessments.

My impression is that these just released Waymo Safety Reports contain the substantive information that clearly depicts Waymo’s safety-related driverless operational experience. To me, they read like internal documents meant to guide and inform internal decision makers to objectively decide if a sufficiently safe operational experience has been achieved in order to vote to fully accept the safety responsibility of driverless operation in their Operational Design Domain.

Given the information that is contained in these documents, it does not surprise me that Waymo decision makers have decided to proceed with driverless operation in the Phoenix Operational Design Domain. Had I had the responsibility of being one of the decision makers reviewing these documents, I would have also voted yes.

                                                      Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      October 09,
                                                      2020

 Waymo starts to open driverless ride-hailing service to the public

K. Korosec, Oct. 8, “Waymo, the Google self-driving-project-turned-Alphabet unit, is beginning to open up its driverless ride-hailing service to the public.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2020/10/08/waymo-starts-to-open-driverless-ride-hailing-service-to-the-public/)  Hmmmm...  "...fully Driverless...".
                                                      That means
                                                      that Krafcik,
                                                      the Waymo
                                                      "Board",
                                                      Alphabet's
                                                      Board and all
                                                      the lawyers
                                                      have signed
                                                      off and
                                                      said... We are
                                                      safe enough to
                                                      basically bet
                                                      the ranch that
                                                      the expected
                                                      value of the
                                                      mobility that
                                                      we'll be
                                                      putting out on
                                                      the streets
                                                      of our Operational Design Domain, which is under our control,
                                                      is worth
                                                      whatever
                                                      expected risk
                                                      still exists
                                                      that some bad
                                                      things may
                                                      happen.  That
                                                      is an enormous
                                                      hurdle that
                                                      has been
                                                      achieved by an
                                                      entity that
                                                      has an
                                                      enormous
                                                      ranch.  CONGRATULATIONS!!!
                                                      It hasn't come
                                                      easy, nor has
                                                      it come
                                                      without intese
                                                      diligence and
                                                      effort. CONGRATULATIONS!!! Alain
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      October 09,
                                                      2020

  ASSISTED DRIVING GRADINGS Staff, Oct. 2020  “On this page you will find the gradings of cars tested by Euro NCAP on automated driving technologies.

                                                      September 25,
                                                      2020

  Proposal for a new UN Regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to Automated Lane Keeping System

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      September 11,
                                                      2020  [Tesla's 'Full Self-Driving Capability' Falls Short of Its Name](https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/tesla-full-self-driving-capability-review-falls-short-of-its-name/)

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                       [The Biggest Self-Driving Truck Startup Stumbles in Hitting High Goals](https://www.theinformation.com/articles/the-biggest-self-driving-truck-startup-stumbles-in-hitting-high-goals)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                         [Car OEMs Driving Toward Relevance or Perdition](https://www.dropbox.com/s/ltmk5s3hdpwf6nr/The-Dispatcher_August-2020.pdf?dl=0)

###

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                       [Fostering Economic Opportunity through Autonomous Vehicle Technology](https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_bUHzsV9BSm-tJkKQ6QVNqg)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,

 Announcing 2020-2021 Fellow-in-Residence Henry L. Greenidge, Esq. rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Thursday,

                                                      [Luminaries Battle In Lincoln-Douglas Style Debate About The Future Of Self-Driving Cars](https://www.forbes.com/sites/lanceeliot/2020/04/28/luminaries-battle-in-lincoln-douglas-style-debate-about-the-future-of-self-driving-cars/#35c0455028b6)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,

  What Negative Oil Prices Mean and How the Impact Could Last rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Friday,

  Starsky Robotics Failed. Does That Mean Automated Trucking Is Dead?

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,
                                                      January 31,
                                                      2020

2020 Hyundai Sonata stars in Super Bowl ad all about ‘Smaht Pahk’

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Sunday,
                                                      January 12,

   Hmmmm… Reflections

A. Kornhauser, Jan 12,    Hmmmm…   Self-driving cars are hot and the OEMs are responding. I’m about to buy a new Subaru Outback and EyeSightis standard.  It is no longer just AutoPilot or expensive options that car salesmen don’t sell. Car companies, as reflected in what is in showrooms and what was promoted at CES, have realized the comfort and convenience of Self-driving technology (cars that have a lot of the Safe-driving car features but also enable you to take your feet off the pedals and hands off the wheel at least for short periods of time. These technologies are really becoming the ‘chrome and fins’ that sell cars to individuals in the 2020s. The momentum is all behind that happening and there is little Washington or Trenton or Princeton Council can do about it. Hopefully part of that momentum will be to make these systems actually work well, especially the Automated Emergency Braking Systems (MUST quit assuming that all stationary objects in the lane ahead can be passed under and consequently each is disregarded. As Tesla is finding out, sometimes those objects are parked firetrucks.) and begin to put hard limits on over-speeding, tailgating and use while driver is impaired. Self-driving cars are unfortunately going to lead to substantial urban sprawl, increased VMT, increased congestion and do nothing to help the energy and pollution challenges of our addiction to the personal automobile. Only ‘Waymo-style Driverless’ (autonomousTaxis, (aTaxis)) tuned to entice ride-sharing can potentially stem the tide of ever more personal car ownership and ever expanding urban sprawl. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Monday,
                                                      January 6,
                                                      2020

A. Kornhauser, Jan. 6,    Hmmmm…   I’m in rehab and hope to go home on Wednesday morning. Thank you to so many of you for all the good wishes and prayers.  They each helped. I’m looking to making a full recovery. Remember, if you don’t feel well, get evaluated by a doctor.  I was totally clueless about what hit me from out of nowhere. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      November 23,
                                                      2019 [Self-driving car capital? One senator thinks it can be Florida](https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/article237625484.html)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      September 28,
                                                      2019 [Public forum will explore possibility of transit on demand in Princeton](https://planetprinceton.com/2019/09/22/public-forum-will-explore-possibility-of-transit-on-demand-in-princeton/)

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                      November 22,

  Market Framework and Outlook for Automated Vehicle Systems

                                                      October 24,

New Jersey Pending Legislation re: Autonomous Vehicles

Oct 16, Establishes fully autonomous vehicle pilot program A4573 Sponsors: Zwicker (D16); Benson (D14)

Oct 16, EstablishesNew Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force AJR164Sponsors: Benson (D14); Zwicker (D16); Lampitt (D6)

                                                      Oct 16, [Directs MVC to establish driver's license endorsement for autonomous vehicles A4541](https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/A5000/4541_I1.PDF) Sponsors:
                                                      Zwicker (D16);
                                                      Benson (D14);
                                                      Lampitt
                                                      (D6)..."  [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NVIDIA-Self-Driving-Safety-Report-2018.pdf)Hmmmm.... Things are beginning to move in New
                                                      Jersey.  Alain

 Testimony of Alain Kornhauser, Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

Audio Recording of Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

 CPUC AUTHORIZES PASSENGER CARRIERS TO PROVIDE FREE TEST RIDES IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES WITH VALID CPUC AND DMV PERMITS

PRELIMINARY REPORT: HIGHWAY: HWY18MH010 (Uber/Herzberg Crash) May 24, “About 9:58 p.m., on Sunday, March 18, 2018, an Uber Technologies, Inc. test vehicle, based on a modified 2017 Volvo XC90 and operating with a self-driving system in computer control mode, struck a pedestrian on northbound Mill Avenue, in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona.

…The vehicle was factory equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions by Volvo Cars, the original manufacturer. The systems included a collision avoidance function with automatic emergency

                                                      braking, known
                                                      as City
                                                      Safety, as
                                                      well as
                                                      functions for
                                                      detecting
                                                      driver
                                                      alertness and
                                                      road sign
                                                      information.
                                                      All these
                                                      Volvo
                                                      functions are
                                                      disabled when
                                                      the test
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      operated in
                                                      computer
                                                      control..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf) Hmmmm.... Uber must believe
                                                      that its
                                                      systems are
                                                      better at
                                                      avoiding
                                                      Collisions and
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking than
                                                      Volvo's.  At least this gets Volvo
                                                      "off the
                                                      hook".

“…According to data obtained from the self-driving system, the system first registered radar and LIDAR observations of the pedestrian about 6 seconds before impact, when the vehicle was traveling at 43 mph…“ (= 63 feet/second) So the system started “seeing an obstacle when it was 63 x 6 = 378 feet away… more than a football field, including end zones!

“…As the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path…“ (NTSB: Please tell us precisely when it classified this “object’ as a vehicle and be explicit about the expected ”future travel paths.”  Forget the path, please just tell us the precise velocity vector that Uber’s system attached to the “object”, then the “vehicle”. Why didn’t the the Uber system instruct the Volvo to begin to slow down (or speed up) to avoid a collision?  If these paths (or velocity vectors) were not accurate, then why weren’t they accurate?  Why was the object classified as a “Vehicle” ??  When did it finally classify the object as a ”bicycle”?  Why did it change classifications? How often was the classification of this object done.  Please divulge the time and the outcome of each classification of this object. In the tests that Uber has done, how often has the system mis-classified an object as a”pedestrian”when the object was actually an overpass, or an overhead sign or overhead branches/leaves that the car could safely pass under, or was nothing at all?? (Basically, what are the false alarm characteristics of Uber’s Self-driving sensor/software system as a function of vehicle speed and time-of-day?)

“…At 1.3 seconds before impact, (impact speed was 39mph = 57.2 ft/sec) the self-driving system determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision” (1.3 x 57.2 = 74.4 ft. which is about equal to the braking distance. So it still could have stopped short.

“…According to Uber, emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce (eradicate??) the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. …“ NTSB:  Please describe/define potential  and erratic vehicle behavior   Also please uncover and divulge the design & decision process that Uber went through to decide that this risk (disabling the AEB) was worth the reward of eradicating “ ”erratic vehicle behavior”.  This is fundamentally BAD design.  If the Uber system’s false alarm rate is so large that the best way to deal with false alarms is to turn off the AEB, then the system should never have been permitted on public roadways.

“…The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. ” Wow! If Uber’s system fundamentally relies on a human to intervene, then Uber is nowhere near creating a Driverless vehicle. Without its own Driverless vehicle Uber is past “Peak valuation”.

“…The system is not designed to alert the operator. “ That may be the only good part of Uber’s design.  In a Driverless vehicle, there is no one to warn, so don’t waste your time.  If it is important enough to warn, then it is important enough for the automated system to start initiating things to do something about it. Plus, the Driver may not know what to do anyway. This is pretty much as I stated in PodCast of SmartDrivingCar, 10,  2018   Don’t Worry, Driverless Cars Are Learning From Grand Theft Auto

Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving

announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

Sunday, December 19, 2015 Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars Video similar to part of Adam’s Luncheon talk @ 2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec 1.  Hmmm … Watch Video especially at the 13:12 mark. Compelling; especially after the 60 Minutes segment above!  Also see his TipRanks. Alain

Alain L. Kornhauser, PhD

                                      Professor, Operations Research
                                      & Financial Engineering

                                      Director, Transportation
                                      Program

                                      Faculty Chair, Princeton
                                      Autonomous Vehicle Engineering

229 Sherrerd Hall

                                              Princeton University

                                              Princeton, NJ

                                              609-258-4657 (o)

                                              609-980-1427 (c)