2021-04-24

2021-04-24

rgb(51, 51, April 23, 2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">16th
                                                      edition of the
                                                      9th year of
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter

###

Scrutiny of Tesla crash a sign that regulation may be coming

T. Krisher, Feb 19, “The fiery crash of a Tesla near Houston with no one behind the wheel is drawing scrutiny from two federal agencies that could bring new regulation of electronic systems that take on some driving tasks.

                                                      The National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      and the
                                                      National
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Safety board
                                                      said Monday
                                                      they would
                                                      send teams to
                                                      investigate
                                                      the Saturday
                                                      night crash on
                                                      a residential
                                                      road that
                                                      killed two men
                                                      in a Tesla
                                                      Model S.

                                                      Local
                                                      authorities
                                                      said one man
                                                      was found in
                                                      the passenger
                                                      seat, while
                                                      another was in
                                                      the back.
                                                      They're
                                                      issuing search
                                                      warrants in
                                                      the probe,
                                                      which will
                                                      determine
                                                      whether the
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      partially
                                                      automated
                                                      system was in
                                                      use. Autopilot
                                                      can keep a car
                                                      centered in
                                                      its lane, keep
                                                      a distance
                                                      from cars in
                                                      front of it,
                                                      and can even
                                                      change lanes
                                                      automatically
                                                      in some
                                                      circumstances.

                                                      On Twitter
                                                      Monday, Tesla
                                                      CEO Elon Musk
                                                      wrote that
                                                      data logs
                                                      "recovered so
                                                      far" show
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      wasn't turned
                                                      on, and "Full
                                                      Self-Driving"
                                                      was not
                                                      purchased for
                                                      the vehicle.
                                                      He didn't
                                                      answer
                                                      reporters'
                                                      questions
                                                      posed on
                                                      Twitter...."
                                                      [Read more](https://apnews.com/article/business-technology-general-news-280521ffcddd7b8d63a15c9d99fc2add)  Hmmmm...  I'll stand by my
                                                      quote... "..."Elon's
                                                      been totally
                                                      irresponsible,"
                                                      said Alain
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      faculty chair
                                                      of autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      engineering at
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University.
                                                      Musk, he said,
                                                      has sold the
                                                      dream that the
                                                      cars can drive
                                                      themselves
                                                      even though in
                                                      the fine print
                                                      Tesla says
                                                      they're not
                                                      ready. "It's
                                                      not a game.
                                                      This is
                                                      serious
                                                      stuff."..."
                                                      ... eventhough
                                                      it isn't the
                                                      most critical
                                                      comment.  What
                                                      is more
                                                      concerning,,,
                                                      "Why didn't
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emegency
                                                      Braking System
                                                      prevent the
                                                      Tesla from
                                                      hitting the
                                                      tree?"   The
                                                      common theme
                                                      in the [Joshua Brown](https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a15344178/tesla-driver-involved-in-fatal-crash-while-using-autopilot-mode/), [Elaine Herzberg](https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Death_of_Elaine_Herzberg),
                                                      [Walter Huang](https://www.scmp.com/news/world/united-states-canada/article/3052346/tesla-driver-walter-huang-who-died-fatal-autopilot),  [Firetruck/](https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a28911259/tesla-crash-california-autopilot-driver-ntsb/)[Derrick Monet](https://www.caranddriver.com/news/a28911259/tesla-crash-california-autopilot-driver-ntsb/),
                                                      [2nd_Firetruck_Tesla crash](https://www.torquenews.com/1083/second-tesla-model-s-slams-back-firetruck-autopilot-again) ...,
                                                      Teslas seem to
                                                      disrregard
                                                      stationary
                                                      objects
                                                      directly
                                                      ahead.  Must
                                                      assume that it
                                                      can pass
                                                      undeneath
                                                      them. Can such
                                                      an agregious
                                                      oversight in
                                                      Tesla's AEB
                                                      computer code
                                                      really exist?
                                                      Is the Society
                                                      of Automotive
                                                      Engineers
                                                      (SAE) involved
                                                      in this
                                                      oversight
                                                      because it had
                                                      made Tesla and
                                                      maybe others
                                                      so adverse to
                                                      false
                                                      positives that
                                                      they simply
                                                      assume that
                                                      Teslas can
                                                      pass under any
                                                      and all
                                                      stationary
                                                      objecs in the
                                                      road ahead?
                                                      Not a pretty
                                                      situation.
                                                      Alain

Making Driverless Happen – The Road Forward (Upfated)

                                                      K. Pyle, April
                                                      18, ""It's
                                                      time to hit
                                                      the start
                                                      button," is [Fred Fishkin's](https://www.techstination.com/) succinct way of
                                                      summarizing
                                                      the next steps
                                                      in the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey.
                                                      Fiskin, along
                                                      with the LA
                                                      Times' [Russ Mitchell](https://twitter.com/russ1mitchell?lang=en)
                                                      co-produced
                                                      the final
                                                      session of the
                                                      [2021 Smart Driving Car Summit, Making It Happen – Part 2](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210415).
                                                      This 16th and
                                                      final session
                                                      in this
                                                      multi-month
                                                      online
                                                      conference not
                                                      only provided
                                                      a s[ummary of the thought-provoking speakers](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/),
                                                      but also
                                                      provided food
                                                      for thought on
                                                      a way forward
                                                      to bring
                                                      mobility to
                                                      "the Trentons
                                                      of the World."

                                                      Setting the
                                                      stage for this
                                                      final session,
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      provided
                                                      highlights of
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey that
                                                      started in
                                                      late December
                                                      2020.  Safety,
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      and affordable
                                                      mobility,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for those who
                                                      do not have
                                                      many options,
                                                      was a common
                                                      theme to the
                                                      2021 Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit. As
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      the conference
                                                      organizer put
                                                      it,

                                                      "We want the
                                                      value [of safe driving and driverless] to
                                                      be captured by society."....." [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken!  Alain

Ken Pyle’s Session Summaries of 4th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit:

15th Session    Making it Happen - Part One: Elected Officials’ Role in Creating a Welcoming Environment in the Trentons of this World

14th Session    What Will Power Safely-driven Cars

13th Session    Improving the Moving of Goods

12th Session    3/18/21 Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

11th Session    3/11/21 Incentivizing Through Regulation

10th Session    3/04/21 Incentivizing Through Insurance

9th Session    2/25/21  Can Level 3 be Delivered?

8th Session    2/18/21  Who Will Build, Sell and Maintain Driverless Cars?

                                                      [Michael Sena's Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/yfzscinfy41vrka/Sena_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0),
                                                      [Glenn Mercer Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/8x4sd97vrifa9r9/Mercer_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0)

7th Session    2/11/21  Finally Doing It

6th Session    2/ 4/21   Safe Enough in the Operational Design Domain

5th Session    1/28/21 At the Tipping Point

4th Session    1/21/21 Why Customers are Buying Them

3rd Session    1/14/21 The SmartDrivingCars We Can Buy Today

2nd Session1/ 7/21  A Look into the Future1st Session:12/17/20Setting the Stage

Kornhauser & He, April 2021 “Making it Happen:  A Proposal for Providing Affordable, High-quality, On-demand Mobility for All in the “Trentons” of this World”

Orf467F20_FinalReport “Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System” Kornhauser & He, March 2021 “AV 101 + Trenton Affordable HQ Mobility Initiative”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 209, Zoom-Cast Episode 209

                                                      w/Clifford
                                                      Winston,
                                                      Brookings
                                                      Inst.

F. Fishkin, April , “The Texas #Tesla crash that killed two continues to make headlines. The impact on the electric and automated vehicle industries? From the Brookings Institution, senior fellow Clifford Winston joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at what the real focus should be on..” Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!”. Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay … Alain

                                                      The
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter,
                                                      Pod-Casts,
                                                      Zoom-Casts and
                                                      Zoom-inars are
                                                      made possible
                                                      in part by
                                                      support from
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      ETF, symbol
                                                      MOTO.   For
                                                      more
                                                      information: [www.motoetf.com](https://www.smartetfs.com/).  Most funding is
                                                      supplied by
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Operations
                                                      Research &
                                                      Financial
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering
                                                      (PAVE)
                                                      research
                                                      laboratory as
                                                      part of its
                                                      research
                                                      dissemination
                                                      initiatives.

CR Engineers Show a Tesla Will Drive With No One in the Driver’s Seat

K. Barry, April 22, “Consumer Reports engineers easily tricked our Tesla Model Y this week so that it could drive on Autopilot, the automaker’s driver assistance feature, without anyone in the driver’s seat—a scenario that would present extreme danger if it were repeated on public roads. Over several trips across our half-mile closed test track, our Model Y automatically steered along painted lane lines, but the system did not send out a warning or indicate in any way that the driver’s seat was empty.

                                                      "In our
                                                      evaluation,
                                                      the system not
                                                      only failed to
                                                      make sure the
                                                      driver was
                                                      paying
                                                      attention, but
                                                      it also
                                                      couldn't tell
                                                      if there was a
                                                      driver there
                                                      at all," says
                                                      Jake Fisher,
                                                      CR's senior
                                                      director of
                                                      auto testing,
                                                      who conducted
                                                      the
                                                      experiment.
                                                      "Tesla is
                                                      falling behind
                                                      other
                                                      automakers
                                                      like GM and
                                                      Ford that, on
                                                      models with
                                                      advanced
                                                      driver assist
                                                      systems, use
                                                      technology to
                                                      make sure the
                                                      driver is
                                                      looking at the
                                                      road...." [Read more](https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/cr-engineers-show-tesla-will-drive-with-no-one-in-drivers-seat/)  Hmmmm...Essentially everything is
                                                      hackable or
                                                      can be
                                                      circumvented
                                                      by those who
                                                      wish to
                                                      mis-behave.
                                                      I'm sure
                                                      Consumer
                                                      Report could
                                                      break into
                                                      Fort Knox.

The issue here is not about the mis-behavior of the driver,.  We have the justice system to deal with that. Hopefully it can deal with this kind of mis-behavior better than it can deal with broken tail lights and hanging air freshner.

It is about the visions and dreams that mativate us to buy these cars that entices us to nisbehave is search of exp[eriencing those dreams. Those are inspired and created to please just a few individuals, the leaders of the corporations that make and want to us to buy these cars.  They can simply lead by insisting that their messeages and the messages produced by their minions don’t enjender such behavior.  As I’ve written, autoPilot and maybe even FSD, are fantastic Comfort & Control features and may well substantially improve safety, but only if they are used responsibly. The proper use should not be drowned out by hype that clearly can result in tagedy.

                                                      Moreover,
                                                      these leaders
                                                      can instruct
                                                      their coders
                                                      to write code
                                                      that is smart
                                                      enough to know
                                                      when we
                                                      misbehave in
                                                      using these
                                                      systems and do
                                                      something
                                                      about it. If
                                                      the system
                                                      catches you
                                                      mis-behaving,
                                                      it should be
                                                      written to
                                                      turn on the
                                                      emergency
                                                      flashers, slow
                                                      down, find a
                                                      the next
                                                      opportunity to
                                                      pull over and
                                                      stop.  It
                                                      should then
                                                      disable its
                                                      operation
                                                      until the
                                                      driver gets a
                                                      note from his
                                                      mother.

This isn’t tough. This doesn’t need DeepLerning, MachineLearning or the latest AI.   It needs responsible leadership stops promoting these products as ways to show off one’s brovado.  Why all the ar commercials focused on speed and acceleration? Do we really like to plow through deep snow, driver down river banks and up Great Walls? Really??? So depressing! Alain

[Two

                                                      die in
                                                      driverless
                                                      Tesla
                                                      incident.
                                                      Where are the
                                                      regulators?](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2021-04-19/tesla-on-autopilot-kills-two-where-are-the-regulators)

R. Mitchell, April 19, “It’s a 21st century riddle: A car crashes, killing both occupants — but not the driver.

                                                      That's what
                                                      happened over
                                                      the weekend in
                                                      Houston, where
                                                      a Tesla Model
                                                      S slammed into
                                                      a tree and
                                                      killed the two
                                                      men inside.
                                                      According to
                                                      police, one
                                                      had been
                                                      sitting in the
                                                      front
                                                      passenger
                                                      seat, the
                                                      other in the
                                                      back of the
                                                      car.

                                                      Although
                                                      investigators
                                                      have not said
                                                      whether they
                                                      believe
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      technology was
                                                      steering, the
                                                      men's wives
                                                      told local
                                                      reporters the
                                                      pair went out
                                                      for a
                                                      late-night
                                                      drive Saturday
                                                      after talking
                                                      about the
                                                      system.

                                                      Tesla Chief
                                                      Executive Elon
                                                      Musk pushed
                                                      back on
                                                      speculation
                                                      but also
                                                      asserted no
                                                      conclusion,
                                                      tweeting
                                                      Monday that
                                                      "Data logs
                                                      recovered so
                                                      far show
                                                      Autopilot was
                                                      not enabled."
                                                      The company
                                                      has resisted
                                                      sharing data
                                                      logs for
                                                      independent
                                                      review without
                                                      a legal
                                                      order...."   [Read more](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2021-04-19/tesla-on-autopilot-kills-two-where-are-the-regulators)  Hmmmm... I'll stand by my
                                                      quote...' "I
                                                      suspect there
                                                      will be big
                                                      fallout from
                                                      this," said
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      head of the
                                                      driverless car
                                                      program at
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University."
                                                      Alain

Fatal Tesla Crash In Texas: What We Know And What We Don’t

B. Templeton, April 22, “… Regardless of whether the owner was able to activate Autopilot or ACC or just made a mistake trying to push the accelerator, the real question about this accident is what made somebody do something so fatally foolish? This has been the central question around Tesla’s deployment of these systems. Used correctly, they are useful tools. Driving with Autopilot is at a similar safety level to driving without it. (Not much safer, as Tesla misleadingly claims.) The problem arises because people decide, against all warnings, that it is better than it is, and they misuse it….”  Read more  Hmmmm…All really good points. The shame is that the Automated Emergncy Braking system which, by its very name, is supposed to interve in and “save-the-day”, may well have been “out-to-lunch” again.  (Why does the AEB need lunch???) Alain

Cops “almost 99.9% sure” Tesla had no one at the wheel before deadly crash

###

                                                      T. Lee, April
                                                      16, "For
                                                      years, the
                                                      NTSB has been
                                                      calling on
                                                      Tesla to beef
                                                      up its
                                                      driver-monitoring
                                                      system. But as
                                                      an
                                                      investigative
                                                      agency, the
                                                      NTSB doesn't
                                                      have the power
                                                      to require
                                                      automakers to
                                                      change how
                                                      their vehicles
                                                      are designed.
                                                      The agency
                                                      that does have
                                                      that
                                                      power—NHTSA—has
                                                      yet to require
                                                      the use of
                                                      driver-monitoring
                                                      systems or set
                                                      rules for how
                                                      they work.."
                                                      [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/04/cops-almost-99-9-sure-tesla-had-no-one-at-the-wheel-before-deadly-crash/)  Hmmmm... I suspect that the eye
                                                      tracking
                                                      system in GM's
                                                      SuperCruise
                                                      can be
                                                      compromised,
                                                      but what may
                                                      well be useful
                                                      is to not
                                                      implicitly
                                                      encourage the
                                                      the mis-use of
                                                      these
                                                      systems,
                                                      Alain

EXCLUSIVE Two U.S. senators make new push to advance self-driving cars

D. Shepardson, April 22, “Two U.S. senators are working to attach legislation to allow automakers to deploy tens of thousands of self-driving vehicles on U.S. roads to a bipartisan China bill, a significant reform that could help speed the commercial use of automated vehicles.

                                                      Senators Gary
                                                      Peters, a
                                                      Democrat, and
                                                      John Thune, a
                                                      Republican,
                                                      have
                                                      circulated a
                                                      draft
                                                      amendment seen
                                                      by Reuters
                                                      that would
                                                      grant the U.S.
                                                      National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      (NHTSA) the
                                                      power to
                                                      initially
                                                      exempt 15,000
                                                      self-driving
                                                      vehicles per
                                                      manufacturer
                                                      from safety
                                                      standards
                                                      written with
                                                      human drivers
                                                      in mind. The
                                                      figure would
                                                      rise to 80,000
                                                      within three
                                                      years.... "  [Read more](https://www.reuters.com/world/us/exclusive-two-us-senators-make-new-push-advance-self-driving-cars-2021-04-22/)  Hmmmm... OK.   Alain

2 Killed in Driverless Tesla Car Crash, Officials Say

B. Pietsch, April 18, “Two men were killed in Texas after a Tesla they were in crashed on Saturday and caught fire with neither of the men behind the wheel, the authorities said.

                                                      Mark Herman,
                                                      the Harris
                                                      County
                                                      Precinct 4
                                                      constable,
                                                      said that
                                                      physical
                                                      evidence from
                                                      the scene and
                                                      interviews
                                                      with witnesses
                                                      led officials
                                                      "to believe no
                                                      one was
                                                      driving the
                                                      vehicle at the
                                                      time of the
                                                      crash."

                                                      The vehicle, a
                                                      2019 Model S,
                                                      was going at a
                                                      "high rate of
                                                      speed" around
                                                      a curve at
                                                      11:25 p.m.
                                                      local time
                                                      when it went
                                                      off the road
                                                      about 100 feet
                                                      and hit a
                                                      tree,
                                                      Constable
                                                      Herman said.
                                                      The crash
                                                      occurred in a
                                                      residential
                                                      area in the
                                                      Woodlands, an
                                                      area about 30
                                                      miles north of
                                                      Houston.

                                                      The men were
                                                      59 and 69
                                                      years old. One
                                                      was in the
                                                      front
                                                      passenger seat
                                                      and one in the
                                                      rear seat,
                                                      Constable
                                                      Herman said.

                                                      He said that
                                                      minutes before
                                                      the crash, the
                                                      men's wives
                                                      watched them
                                                      leave in the
                                                      Tesla after
                                                      they said they
                                                      wanted to go
                                                      for a drive
                                                      and were
                                                      talking about
                                                      the vehicle's
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      feature.....
                                                      "    Hmmmm... This was my 1st read on
                                                      this.  Alain

Tesla publicly shares data logs of vehicle involved in crash that led owner to protest at auto show

F. Lambert, April 22, “In what could be a first, Tesla has reportedly publicly released the data logs from a customer’s vehicle involved in a crash that led the owner to protest at Tesla’s booth at the Shanghai Motor Show….

                                                      She jumped on
                                                      a display car
                                                      to claim that
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      "brakes are
                                                      not working."

                                                      The owner was
                                                      eventually
                                                      dragged out of
                                                      the booth and
                                                      reportedly put
                                                      in "police
                                                      detention,"
                                                      but not before
                                                      the event was
                                                      filmed and
                                                      posted to
                                                      social
                                                      media."..."  [Read more](https://electrek.co/2021/04/17/tesla-autopilot-engaged-10x-lower-chance-accident-than-average-car-data/)  Hmmmm... Maybe that's what I need
                                                      to do to get
                                                      Tesla to
                                                      release their
                                                      data so that
                                                      I, or some
                                                      other
                                                      independent
                                                      entity, can
                                                      ascertain the
                                                      safety of
                                                      autoPilot.

More importantly, “…The front collision warning and automatic emergency braking function were activated (the maximum brake master cylinder pressure reached 140.7bar) and played a role, reducing the amplitude of the collision. 1.8 seconds after the ABS was applied, the system recorded the occurrence of the collision. After the driver stepped on the brake pedal, the vehicle speed continued to decrease, and before the collision, the vehicle speed was reduced to 48.5 kilometers per hour.”  …”

Why did Elon’s coders design the AEB:

1. to wait until 1.8 seconds to activate.  The coders knew/know that is too late given the speed at 1.8 seconds before collision,

2. to have the AEB, or autoPilot begin to slow down earlier that the “1.8 seconds to collision”?. It is straight forward to compute a feasible”master cylinder pressure profile” to not crash with a stationary object ahead and the Tesla going sufficiently slowly. These computations can be done quickly and repeated conctinuously. At the start of a trip this process is trivial because the car is at rest and the solution is simply the brake pressure that keeps the car stationary. As the car starts to move it is going slowly and, hopefully, its cameras can detect a stationary object ahead at a sufficient distance that many feasible “master cylinder pressure profiles”exits that can keep the Tesla from crashing.  I’m sure that the coder can pick a good one to implement.

As the car gets going faster and object get closer, ferwer feasible profiles exist, but still, one can b found and implmented so that the car does not crash.

At some point, the combination of speed and distance are such that physics can no longer help and there exists no feasible profile that will keep the car from crashing.

NHTSA or some regulator or Elon himself should require that the AEB is designed to not let the car pass that point.  Not let it enter the Operational Design Domain (the combination of road condition, speed and distance of the stationary object ahead) in such that therre is no feasible “master cylinder pressure profile”that will avoid a crash!

These “no-man’s lands” don’t just appear out of thin air.  Every trip starts with speed = 0.  Conditions rarely change instantaneously.  Even the “instantaneous” appearance of stantionary objects in the lane ahead are rare.  In those instances, yes it is “everybody do the best they can’, but in the perponderance of others, no crash would occur!

Now maybe Tesla needs Lidar in order to first “see’ stationary objects sufficiently far ahead when conditions are poor and the speed is high.  In that case Elon should either back off his ‘no Lidar” stance or the AEB (or whatever other automated system) should not let you go that fast under those conditions, period!

This is serious business here and these systems should be there to give us a “get out of jail free” card, pass GO and collect $200”.

Again, the Tesla knew it had waited too long to stop, it was designed to not slow down in order to let it get itself in a situation that it can’t stop and it was designed to crash at 48.5 kph in this situation. While some may be happy that it slowed from above 74kph to 48.5pkh, there was no reson that additional brake pressure could have been applied by Tesla’s great autoPilot/AEB/… system earlier than 6:14:26.37PM that would have slowed it down below 74kph at that time such that no collision would have occurred.  It is also likely that a brake profile could have been computed and implemented that would not have concerned the driver and almost assuredly would have had the driver praising Tesla at the Shanghai Auto Show rather than protesting. Alain

Tesla is being scrutinized by Senate Democrats for Autopilot misuse

                                                      A. Hawkins,
                                                      April 22 Two
                                                      Senate
                                                      Democrats are
                                                      urging federal
                                                      regulators to
                                                      take
                                                      "corrective
                                                      actions"
                                                      against Tesla
                                                      to prevent
                                                      further misuse
                                                      of the
                                                      company's
                                                      advanced
                                                      driver assist
                                                      feature. The
                                                      request comes
                                                      [in the aftermath of a fatal crash](https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/18/22390612/two-people-killed-fiery-tesla-crash-no-driver) in
                                                      which two men
                                                      from Texas
                                                      were killed
                                                      after their
                                                      Tesla Model S
                                                      crashed with
                                                      no one in the
                                                      driver's seat.

                                                      In a letter
                                                      sent to
                                                      National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      Acting
                                                      Administrator
                                                      Steven Cliff,
                                                      Senators Ed
                                                      Markey (D-MA)
                                                      and Richard
                                                      Blumenthal
                                                      (D-CT)
                                                      implored the
                                                      agency to
                                                      determine the
                                                      exact cause of
                                                      this recent
                                                      crash to
                                                      "better
                                                      inform" future
                                                      legislation
                                                      around
                                                      advanced
                                                      driver assist
                                                      systems like
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      Autopilot....."  [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/22/22397826/tesla-autopilot-investigation-blumenthal-markey-nhtsa-ntsb)  Hmmmm...  Alain

Elon Musk dismisses valid criticism of Tesla as ‘weird’ attacks from the media

F. Lambert, April 22, “Elon Musk, who has generally welcomed valid criticism, has now dismissed some serious concerns about Tesla as “weird” attacks from the media.

                                                      We previously
                                                      reported on
                                                      how "Tesla
                                                      superfandom is
                                                      becoming toxic
                                                      and negative
                                                      for the
                                                      electric
                                                      revolution."

                                                      Part of that
                                                      involves Elon
                                                      Musk's
                                                      feedback loop,
                                                      which has been
                                                      extremely
                                                      valuable for
                                                      Tesla, getting
                                                      corrupted by
                                                      those
                                                      superfans.

                                                      Musk has often
                                                      highlighted
                                                      the feedback
                                                      loop, which
                                                      often consists
                                                      of him
                                                      responding
                                                      directly to
                                                      people and
                                                      criticism on
                                                      Twitter, as
                                                      one of Tesla's
                                                      biggest
                                                      advantages..."
                                                      [Read more](https://electrek.co/2021/04/17/tesla-autopilot-engaged-10x-lower-chance-accident-than-average-car-data/)  Hmmmm ... Again, it is a shame
                                                      because Elon,,
                                                      Tesla and
                                                      probably
                                                      autoPilot and
                                                      really good
                                                      all by
                                                      themselves.
                                                      They don't
                                                      need to be
                                                      oversold and
                                                      hyped.  And
                                                      their
                                                      challenges and
                                                      limitations
                                                      should be made
                                                      clear,  the we
                                                      all can really
                                                      appreciate all
                                                      of the
                                                      excellent
                                                      aspects of
                                                      these cars.
                                                      Alain

                                                      0, 0);">[Annual Princeton](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210128)SmartDrivingCar
                                                      Summit [It is over!!!](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210325)
                                                      Each episode
                                                      Started Live
                                                      on Zoom @ noon
                                                      Eastern
                                                      (Princeton
                                                      Time) and
                                                      lasted for 1.5
                                                      hours or until
                                                      Discussion
                                                      with audience
                                                      ended.

A. Kornhauser, Feb 6, “The focus of the Summit this year will be moving beyond the AI and the Sensors to addressing the challenges of Commercialization and  the delivery of tangible value to communities. We’ve made enormous progress with the technology. We’re doing the investment; however, this investment delivers value only if is commercialized: made available and is used by consumers in large numbers. Demos and one-offs are “great”, but to deliver value that is anywhere near commensurate with the magnitude of the investment made to date, initial deployments need to scale.  We can’t just have “Morgantown PRT Systems” whose initial deployment has been nothing but enormously successful for 45 years (an essentially perfect safety record, an excellent availability record and customer valued mobility). Unfortunately, the system was never expanded or duplicated anywhere.  It didn’t scale. It is a one-off.

Tests, demos and one-offs are nice niche deployments; however, what one really needs are initial deployments that have the opportunity to grow, be replicated and scale.  In 1888, Frank Sprague, successfully deployed a small electric street railway system in Richmond, Va.  which became the reference for many other cites.  “… By 1889 110 electric railways incorporating Sprague’s equipment had been begun or planned on several continents…” Substantial scaled societal benefits emerged virally from this technology. It was eventually supplanted by the conventional automobile but for more than 30 years it delivered substantial improvements to the quality-of-life for many.

                                                      In part, the
                                                      4th Summit
                                                      will focus on
                                                      defining the
                                                      "Richmond" of
                                                      Affordable
                                                      Shared-ride
                                                      On-demand
                                                      Mobility-as-a-Service.
                                                      The initial
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (ODD) that
                                                      safely
                                                      accommodates
                                                      Driverless
                                                      Mobility
                                                      Machines that
                                                      people
                                                      actually
                                                      choose to use
                                                      and becomes
                                                      the envy of
                                                      communities
                                                      throughout the
                                                      country. " [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/) Hmmmm... [Draft Program](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/) is
                                                      was in flux.
                                                      All named
                                                      individuals
                                                      actively
                                                      participated.
                                                      Alain

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

Sunday Supplement

Half-Baked

Click-Bait

Calendar of Upcoming

                                                      Events

5th Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

Fall 2021 Live in Person To be Announced

June 9, 2021, Fully virtual

                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;">

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

K. Lockean’s AV Research Group at U of Texas

and

                                                      [The SYMPOSIUM ON THE FUTURE NETWORKED CAR 2021 VIRTUAL EVENT](https://www.itu.int/en/fnc/2021/Pages/default.aspx)

 R. Shields, 22 - 25 March, “Recordings from the conference:

Session 1 plus opening: (Regulatory): https://youtu.be/UcDC8gXiUFk

                                                      Session 2: ([Cybersecurity](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)): [https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)

                                                      Session 3: [(Automated Driving Systems](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)): [https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)

                                                      Session 4: [(Communications for ADS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)) : [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)

Read more  Hmmmm… Russ, thank you for sharing! Alain

###

These editions are sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information head to www.motoetf.com

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 208, Zoom-Cast Episode 208 w/Prof. Stephen Still, U. of Buffalo

F. Fishkin, April 18, “What does it take to bring about mobility for all in the real world? With help from the federal DOT and a team at the University of Buffalo…some big steps are being taken there. Professor Stephen Still joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus, Tesla, Uber, Cruise and more on Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 207, Zoom-Cast Episode 207  w/Selika Josiah Talbott

F. Fishkin, April 10 , “When a driverless vehicle crashes…what should passengers, other vehicle owners, law enforcement and first responders do? American University Professor Selika Josiah Talbott says the time for planning is now. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Apple and more in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 206, Zoom-Cast Episode 206  w/Stan Young, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

F. Fishkin, April 2, “When it comes to future mobility, what will fuel the vehicles? How can the shortcomings of electric vehicles be overcome? Stanley Young, Mobility Systems team lead for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 205, Zoom-Cast Episode 205  w/Michael Sena; Editor The Dispatcher. President, MLSena Consulting

F. Fishkin, March 26, “Every driverless car should take the same tests that we take..and have the same responsibilities. So says Michael L. Sena in the latest edition of The Dispatcher. He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the latest from Tesla and more…on Episode 205 of Smart Driving Cars…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 204, Zoom-Cast Episode 204  w/Andrew Rose, President, OnStar Insurance Services

F. Fishkin, March 15, “.With GM aiming to upend the car insurance industry, the President of the automaker’s new OnStar Insurance Services, Andrew Rose joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What advantages will OnStar insurance bring to the table…and a look at the future of auto insurance..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 203, Zoom-Cast Episode 203 AV 101: A. Kornhauser

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 13,
                                                      ".GM's move to
                                                      transform auto
                                                      insurance
                                                      through OnStar
                                                      Insurance:
                                                      Is it a win,
                                                      win for
                                                      all?      Is
                                                      adaptive
                                                      cruise control
                                                      prompting some
                                                      drivers to
                                                      speed?     And
                                                      what does
                                                      Tesla really
                                                      mean by "full
                                                      self
                                                      driving"?
                                                      Just some of
                                                      the questions
                                                      tackled  in
                                                      the latest
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin."
                                                      [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 202](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-202),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 202](https://youtu.be/Hj3GmnTqfdk) President
                                                      & CEO,
                                                      RoadDB

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 3, "When
                                                      will we be
                                                      able to
                                                      purchase cars
                                                      that can
                                                      largely drive
                                                      themselves?
                                                      It may not be
                                                      long...but
                                                      don't expect
                                                      to vacate the
                                                      driver's
                                                      seat.  That's
                                                      the view of
                                                      entrepreneur,
                                                      tech pioneer
                                                      and RoadDB CEO
                                                      Russ
                                                      Shields.   He
                                                      takes an in
                                                      depth look at
                                                      where we are
                                                      and where
                                                      we're headed
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 201](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-201),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 201](https://youtu.be/n5oEfvBrWa8)
                                                      w/Michael
                                                      Sena,
                                                      Publisher of The
                                                      Dispatcher

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 26,
                                                      "Smarter cars
                                                      need smarter
                                                      assembly...and
                                                      location
                                                      matters.   The
                                                      Dispatcher
                                                      publisher
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for a
                                                      look at that,
                                                      politics,
                                                      climate and
                                                      carmakers...plus
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Velodyne,
                                                      Foxconn and
                                                      more.." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 200](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-200),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 200](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVHQuwNT4eY&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Edwin Olsen,
                                                      CEO, May
                                                      Mobility

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 22, "How
                                                      May Mobility
                                                      is building
                                                      confidence in
                                                      autonomous
                                                      transportation
                                                      and creating a
                                                      road map for
                                                      growth through
                                                      the pandemic
                                                      and beyond.
                                                      CEO and
                                                      co-founder
                                                      Edwin Olson
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that and
                                                      more."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 199, Zoom-Cast Episode 199 w/Marc Scribner, Senior Transportation Policy Analyst, Reason Foundation

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 19, "How
                                                      the Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      & Congress
                                                      can pave the
                                                      path for
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles.
                                                      Reason
                                                      Foundation Sr.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Policy Analyst
                                                      Marc Scribner
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      focus on
                                                      what's next.
                                                      Plus jobs and
                                                      autonomous
                                                      trucking,
                                                      Waymo, GM,
                                                      Ford and
                                                      more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 198](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-198),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 198](https://youtu.be/G7wnT9StV5Q)
                                                      w/Dick Mudge,
                                                      CEO, Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      &
                                                      Technology

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 13, Which
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      companies will
                                                      be the last
                                                      standing?
                                                      And does
                                                      private
                                                      ownership of
                                                      self driving
                                                      cars make
                                                      sense?
                                                      Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      President Dick
                                                      Mudge joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Tesla, GM,
                                                      Toyota and
                                                      more..." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 197](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-197),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 197](https://youtu.be/1DXuNFbaxIc) w/Michel
                                                      Parent,
                                                      Founding
                                                      Member of
                                                      SuburVan

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 5, "Smart
                                                      mobility
                                                      innovation in
                                                      France.    Dr.
                                                      Michel Parent
                                                      founding
                                                      member of
                                                      SuburVan is
                                                      aiming to
                                                      provide fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility on
                                                      the outskirts
                                                      of Paris and
                                                      more.    He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Ford, GM,
                                                      Tesla, VW and
                                                      more...."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 196, Zoom-Cast Episode 196 w/Steve Polzin, Recently US DoT

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "Will
                                                      more safe
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology
                                                      dampen the
                                                      push for
                                                      driverless
                                                      mobility?
                                                      Measuring the
                                                      progress and
                                                      challenges
                                                      ahead with Dr.
                                                      Steven
                                                      Polzin..former
                                                      Sr. Advisor,
                                                      Office of the
                                                      Ass't.
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      Research and
                                                      Technology in
                                                      the DOT. He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin
                                                      ... plus GM
                                                      going zero
                                                      emission,
                                                      Tesla, Waymo
                                                      and more.."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 195 Zoom-Cast Episode 195 w/Diana Furchtgott-Roth, G. Washington U.

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "What
                                                      progress has
                                                      been made
                                                      towards
                                                      smarter, safer
                                                      mobility? The
                                                      push for a
                                                      back-up to
                                                      GPS. Why the
                                                      jump in
                                                      vehicle
                                                      fatalities
                                                      last year?
                                                      Those issues
                                                      and more as
                                                      former deputy
                                                      assistant U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      research and
                                                      technology
                                                      Diana
                                                      Furchtgott
                                                      Roth joins us. Plus...Microsoft, Cruise, Tesla and more on Smart Driving Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin. SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 194](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-194) [Zoom-Cast Episode 194](https://youtu.be/hK4Fj6erScY)
                                                      w/Anuj
                                                      Pradhan, UMass

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 15,
                                                      ""When it
                                                      comes to
                                                      vehicle safety technology...should manufacturers be sharing instead of competing?
                                                      Should there
                                                      be
                                                      standardization?
                                                      Anuj Pradhan,
                                                      co-director of
                                                      the Human
                                                      Performance
                                                      Lab at UMASS
                                                      Amherst joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest
                                                      from GM,
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Mobileye, Nio
                                                      and more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 193](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-193) [Zoom-Cast Episode 193](https://youtu.be/OETxB_wzkDw)
                                                      w/Bobby
                                                      Hambrick,
                                                      AutonomousStuff

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 8, "Bobby
                                                      Hambrick
                                                      started
                                                      AutuonomouStuff
                                                      in a barn in
                                                      Morton,
                                                      Illinois....and
                                                      has pioneered
                                                      much of the
                                                      technology
                                                      moving the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      industry
                                                      forward, now
                                                      as part of
                                                      Hexagon. Bobby
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      look back and
                                                      look ahead.
                                                      Plus...Apple,
                                                      Hyundai,
                                                      Waymo, Tesla
                                                      and more! "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 192 Zoom-Cast Episode 192 w/Danny Shapiro, nVIDIA

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 30,
                                                      "NVIDIA
                                                      continues on a
                                                      roll powering
                                                      the Zoox robo
                                                      taxi unveiled
                                                      this month by
                                                      Amazon.
                                                      NVIDIA senior
                                                      director of
                                                      automotive
                                                      Danny Shapiro
                                                      outlines the
                                                      progress and
                                                      looks ahead to
                                                      2021 in the
                                                      latest Smart
                                                      Driving Cars
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin. "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 191 Zoom-Cast Episode 191 w/ Louis Aaron’23 and Joel Johnson

F. Fishkin, Dec. 20, “College student Joel Johnson has been keeping a log of dozens of trips in Waymo’s self driving service in Chandler, Arizona, and posting videos on YouTube. Louis Aaron’23, another student, has been working with Elon Musk’s Boring Company in Las Vegas. The two share their experiences with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 190 Zoom-Cast Episode 190 w/Chris Urmson, Aurora

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 15, "With
                                                      Aurora taking
                                                      over Uber's
                                                      self driving
                                                      efforts,  what
                                                      is on the
                                                      horizon for
                                                      the start up
                                                      whose leaders
                                                      have roots at
                                                      Waymo,  Tesla
                                                      and Uber?
                                                      Co-founder and
                                                      CEO Chris
                                                      Urmson joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin in
                                                      this special
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 187  Zoom-Cast Episode 187 w/Michael Sena,  The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, Nov 25, “What you should know about electric cars, climate change and more.  The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye opening edition of Smart Driving Cars..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 186  Zoom-Cast Episode 186 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Report

F. Fishkin, Nov 24, “When it comes to active driver assistance systems, what works and what needs improvement? Some answers from Kelly Funkhouser… program manager for vehicle interface, head of connected and automated vehicles at Consumer Reports.  She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for episode 186 of Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 185 Zoom-Cast Episode 185 w/Dan Smith, Waymo F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “Only Waymo has been transporting customers in driverless vehicles without a safety monitor on board. What goes into that kind of decision? Waymo Assistant General Counsel Dan Smith joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in this special edition of Smart Driving Cars.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 184 Zoom-Cast Episode 184 w/Marjory Blumenthal, Rand F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “So when are driverless vehicles safe enough to be deployed? Senior Rand Corporation policy researcher Marjory Blumenthal joins Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to examine her latest report and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 183 Zoom-Cast Episode 183 w/Kirsten Korosec F. Fishkin, Nov 13, “Rivian’s hands free driver assistance will be standard equipment…while Ford unveils the E-Transit. TechCrunch Senior Transportation reporter and editor Kirsten Korosec joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Nuro, Tesla, Uber, Lyft, Cruise and more. Plus the coming changes for mobility under a new administration!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 182 Zoom-Cast Episode 182 F. Fishkin, Nov 6, “What will a new administration mean for autonomous mobility? And what about the passage of Proposition 22 in California after Uber’s big campaign? That plus luxury EVs coming from Bentley….and cheap EVs from China. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 181 Zoom-Cast Episode 181  w/Sheldon Sandler & Glenn Mercer F. Fishkin, Oct. 30, “Waymo releases self driving data…while traditional car dealers enjoy surprisingly strong profits during the pandemic. Why?  What about the coming autonomous mobility? Bell Air Partners’ Sheldon Sandler and researcher-consultant Glenn Mercer explain in Episode 181 of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.  “

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 180  Zoom-Cast Episode 180 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo, part 2 F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Ford and Argo AI have unveiled their next generation self-driving test vehicle. Once again, Ford’s Director of Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to unveil the technology and the company’s self driving business plans.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 179 Zoom-Cast Episode 179 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Which autonomous vehicle platforms will survive? The director of Ford’s Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development says there may only be two…and Ford /Argo AI will be one of them. John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 178  Zoom-Cast Episode 178 w/Andrew Hawkins, Verge F. Fishkin, Oct. 9, “Here we go! Waymo going fully driverless in Phoenix suburb service. The Verge senior transportation reporter Andrew Hawkins joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla… Amazon… Rivian and more. Subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 177   Zoom-Cast Episode 177

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Oct. 2, "New
                                                      grades for
                                                      assisted
                                                      driving
                                                      systems from
                                                      Euro NCAP.
                                                      But Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      says the devil
                                                      is in the
                                                      details in
                                                      this edition
                                                      with co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin.
                                                      And there's
                                                      Amazon's
                                                      success
                                                      against Covid
                                                      plusTesla,
                                                      Uber, GM,
                                                      Nikola and
                                                      more. SmartDrivingCars [Pod-Cast Episode 176](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-176)  [Zoom-Cast Episode 176](https://youtu.be/lHjSTXH-GGchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHvG6Aqt6fk&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Marc
                                                      Scribner

F. Fishkin, Sept. 25, “A new government entity to oversee autonomous vehicles? Marc Scribner, Sr. Transportation Policy Analyst at the Reason Foundation on regulation and more with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Tesla, Nikola, GM and the California move to ban new gasoline vehicles.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 175   Zoom-Cast Episode 175 w/Michael Sena F. Fishkin, Sept. 18, “Automobility and the future of car dealers… “The Dispatcher” publisher Michael Sena offers a different take on how car dealers may battle automakers pushing for direct to consumer subscriptions. That and more in this edition of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 174 Zoom-Cast Episode 174 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Reports

F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 173 Zoom-Cast Episode 173 w/Nathanial Beuse F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 172Zoom-Cast Episode 172  Special Edition w/Danny Shapiro

F. Fishkin ,Sept. 2, “Mercedes unveils the latest S Class with more computing power than 60 average cars…with NVIDIA playing a big role. NVIDIA’s Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 171Zoom-Cast Episode 171 w/Henry Greenidge

SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 170  ZoomCast Episode170 w/Michael Sena SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 169 ZoomCast Episode 169  w/Anthony Townsend SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 168 ZoomCast Episode 168  w/Olaf Sakkers SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 167  ZoomCast Episode167 w/Robin Chase, Carlos Pardo & Daniel Sperling SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 166ZoomCast Episode 166 w/Jay Rodgers’95, CEO Local Motors

                                                      Zoom-inar
                                                      Episode 005
                                                      AmaZooks

F. Fishkin, July 20, “Is Driverless home delivery the fastest route to Affordable Mobility for the Mobility Disadvantaged? … “

SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 165,ZoomCast Episode165 w/Michael Sena

F. Fishkin 16, “Is the option to buy a car at a dealership going to vanish? The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena has a provocative perspective in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..an update on the Amazon Zoox deal, autonomous vehicles and how they can help battle discrimination in transportation, TuSimple, Mobileye, Uber, Tesla and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast 164 Episode 164,   Zoom-Cast Episode 163 w/Robbie Diamond

F. Fishkin, July 9, “Fostering economic opportunity through autonomous technology is the focus of an upcoming report from Security America’s Future Energy. Founder and CEO Robbie Diamond shares details and more in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus ..are armed police officers really needed for traffic enforcement? And the latest from Tesla, Waymo and more.  …” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 163Zoom-Cast Episode 163 w/Henry Greenidge F. Fishkin, July 2, “Transportation, racial injustices and changing the thinking around the future of mobility. NYU McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy & Research fellow Henry Greenidge joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye and mind opening episode of Smart Driving Cars. Plus Amazon, Zoox, Waymo, Tesla & more. .”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 162,  Zoom-Cast Episode 162  w/Cliff Winston

F. Fishkin, June 25, “From the Brookings Institution, Cliff Winston, co-author of Autonomous Vehicles…The Road to Economic Growth? joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..why are fatal crash rates rising in the midst of a pandemic…plus NVIDIA, Didi, Tesla and more.”

                                                      Episode 004  [Insurance: For or Against SmartDrivingCars?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHlPaNmjeag&feature=youtu.be)

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 23, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

Listen/Watch more  Hmmm…   We only scratched the surface. Alain SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 161,Zoom-Cast Episode 161 w/Alberto Stochino F. Fishkin, June 17, “Is less data sometimes more when it comes to driverless vehicle technology? Perceptive Founder and CEO Alberto Stochino joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the DOT’s new plan for sharing autonomous safety information, the latest from Tesla, EVs from China and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 160Zoom-Cast Episode 160  w/Jessica Cicchino F. Fishkin, June 12, “Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Research VP Jessica Cicchino co-authored a new study saying self driving vehicles could struggle to eliminate most crashes.   She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to discuss the study.  Plus the latest on Tesla, Ford & VW, Covid-19 and more.  ”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 159,  Zoom-Cast Episode 159 w/Kara Kockelman F. Fishkin, June 4, “Prof. Kara Kockelman’s focus on smart transportation to save lives, money and the environment has made her a sought after global expert.  The U. of Texas Transportation Engineering Professor joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin on the impact of Covid-19 and much more. Plus Tesla, Uber, Argo AI and the top smart driving headlines. For more on Dr. Kockelman’s work….please visit…  http://www.caee.utexas.edu/prof/kockelman.”

                                                      DrivingTheDebate
                                                      Episode 003  [Everyone's for Connectivity; but...](https://youtu.be/DMNLH_fkcI4) F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 2, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

Listen/Watch more  Hmmm…   We only scratched the surface. Alain

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 158,  Zoom-Cast Episode 158 w/Chunka Mui

F. Fishkin, May 28, “In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, what are the smartest ways to re-build and plan for the future? Futurist and author Chunka Mui joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Amazon, Zoox, Intel Mobileye, Tesla, Uber and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 157,  Zoom-Cast Episode 157 w/Grayson Brulte

F. Fishkin, May 21, “Global auto makers must completely re-think their autonomous mobility strategy as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. So says innovation strategist Grayson Brulte of Brulte & Company….who joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Waymo, Tesla, Uber and more.”

  DrivingTheDebate Episode 002  The Future of Public Roadway Transit F. Fishkin, May 14, ”Will the Bus be Thrown Under the Bus?…

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 156,  Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 156 w/Danny Shapiro2 F. Fishkin, May 14, “With new hardware and software capabilities NVIDIA is expanding into new areas of driver assistance technology. Sr. Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus the latest on Waymo, Voyage, Ford and more. listen and subscribe!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 155,Zoom-Cast Episode 155 w/Alex Roy2 F. Fishkin, April 29, “The continuing impact of Covid-19 on autonomous vehicle progress. But it may not be all bad news. Alex Roy…host of the No Parking Podcast and Director of Special Operations at Argo AI joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Intel, Lyft, Uber and more. Listen and subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 154Zoom-Cast Episode 154   w/Dan Sperling F. Fishkin, April 29, “Can ride sharing rebound after the pandemic? Daniel Sperling, founding director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Waymo, Ford and more.”

   DrivingTheDebate Episode 001 The Driverless “New Normal” Debate F. Fishkin, April 27,

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 153Zoom-Cast Episode 153 w/Dick Mudge2

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 152,Zoom-Cast Episode 152 w/Brad Templeton

SmartDrivingCars Podcast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

 SmartDrivingCars Zoom-Cast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 147 - Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 142 - J. Hughes

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 141- A. Roy

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 139- Randal O’Toole

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 138-Nick Zart

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 136

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 135 - with Jim Atkinson

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 130 with Dick Mudge & Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 112 - J. Hardiman NJM

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 110 - Lance Elliot

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 108 3rd Summit Wrapup

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 107 3rd Summit Leilei Shinohara & Staff Sergeant Terence McDonnell

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 106 3rd Summit David Kidd & Cecillia Feeley

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 104 3rd Summit Anil Lewis & Katherine Freund

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 97 - Michael Sena’69

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 71-Nader’55

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 69 - Chunka Mui

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 65 - Bernard Soriano, CA DMV

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 58-Keith Code,Motorcycles

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 55-Larry Burns, Autonomy

Recent Highlights of:

                                                      April 17, 2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

                                                      [UB, partners receive $8.2 million to help vulnerable populations with transportation issues](https://engineering.buffalo.edu/home/news/seas.host.html/content/shared/university/news/news-center-releases/2021/02/020.detail.html?utm_source=Buffalo+Engineer+Newsletter&utm_campaign=9bde50071a-BUFFALO_ENG_NEWSLETTER_2017_10_31_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_39e94e67af-9bde50071a-197212690)
                                                      P. Murphy, Feb
                                                      18,
                                                      "University at
                                                      Buffalo
                                                      researchers
                                                      are part of an
                                                      $8.2 million
                                                      effort to
                                                      improve
                                                      transportation
                                                      options for
                                                      vulnerable
                                                      people in the
                                                      City of
                                                      Buffalo.

                                                      The project,
                                                      called
                                                      "Complete Trip
                                                      Deployment,"
                                                      is led by
                                                      Virginia-based
                                                      ICF
                                                      International
                                                      and funded by
                                                      an $8.2
                                                      million U.S.
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      grant.

                                                      The project
                                                      brings
                                                      together
                                                      researchers
                                                      from the
                                                      School of
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Applied
                                                      Sciences
                                                      (SEAS) and the
                                                      School of
                                                      Architecture
                                                      and Planning
                                                      (SAP), who
                                                      will serve as
                                                      technical
                                                      leaders.

                                                      Local partners
                                                      include the
                                                      Niagara
                                                      Frontier
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Authority,
                                                      Buffalo
                                                      Niagara
                                                      Medical
                                                      Campus, Inc.,
                                                      Niagara
                                                      International
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Technology
                                                      Coalition, New
                                                      York State
                                                      Department of Transportation, and the City of Buffalo.

                                                      The project
                                                      focuses on
                                                      addressing the
                                                      transportation
                                                      needs of three
                                                      distinct
                                                      populations:
                                                      people with
                                                      mobility,
                                                      visual and
                                                      hearing
                                                      disabilities,
                                                      people living
                                                      in low-income
                                                      neighborhoods
                                                      and older
                                                      adults."  [Read more](https://engineering.buffalo.edu/home/news/seas.host.html/content/shared/university/news/news-center-releases/2021/02/020.detail.html?utm_source=Buffalo+Engineer+Newsletter&utm_campaign=9bde50071a-BUFFALO_ENG_NEWSLETTER_2017_10_31_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_39e94e67af-9bde50071a-197212690)  Hmmmm...  Absolutely the right
                                                      focus and
                                                      absolutely
                                                      necessary.
                                                      Alain

                                                      April 2, 2021

                                                      [Waymo Chief John Krafcik Resigns, Co-CEOs Tapped To Run Alphabet's Self-Driving Tech Giant](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2021/04/02/waymo-chief-john-krafcik-resigns-co-ceos-tapped-to-run-alphabets-self-driving-tech-giant/?sh=2921a28b65ca) A.
                                                      Ohnsman, April
                                                      2, "John
                                                      Krafcik, the
                                                      auto industry
                                                      veteran who's
                                                      run Waymo for
                                                      over five
                                                      years, is
                                                      stepping down
                                                      as CEO of the
                                                      Alphabet Inc.
                                                      self-driving
                                                      tech giant and
                                                      is being
                                                      replaced by
                                                      two
                                                      high-ranking
                                                      company
                                                      executives.

                                                      ...Takedra
                                                      Mawakana,
                                                      Waymo's chief
                                                      operating
                                                      officer, and
                                                      Dmitri Dolgov,
                                                      its long-time
                                                      CTO, are both
                                                      being promoted
                                                      to co-CEOs,
                                                      the company
                                                      said. Krafcik
                                                      will continue
                                                      to work with
                                                      Waymo as an
                                                      advisor.

                                                      "After 5
                                                      exhilarating
                                                      years leading
                                                      this team,
                                                      I've decided
                                                      to depart from
                                                      my CEO role at
                                                      Waymo &
                                                      kick-off new
                                                      adventures,"
                                                      he said on
                                                      Twitter. "To
                                                      start, I'm
                                                      looking
                                                      forward to a
                                                      refresh
                                                      period,
                                                      reconnecting
                                                      with old
                                                      friends &
                                                      family, and
                                                      discovering
                                                      new parts of
                                                      the
                                                      world."..."  [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2021/04/02/waymo-chief-john-krafcik-resigns-co-ceos-tapped-to-run-alphabets-self-driving-tech-giant/?sh=2921a28b65ca)  Hmmmm...  John, thank you for a
                                                      fantastic 5
                                                      years and for
                                                      keeping Waymo
                                                      focused on
                                                      bringing
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      all.  Doing
                                                      good for many
                                                      isn't easy.
                                                      Enjoy and
                                                      thank you!!
                                                      Alain
                                                      March 26, 2021   [Labor to DOT: Scrap Trump administration's automated vehicles plan](https://www.freightwaves.com/news/labor-to-dot-scrap-trump-administrations-automated-vehicles-plan) J.
                                                      Gallagher,
                                                      March 24, "Two
                                                      prominent
                                                      labor unions
                                                      want the U.S.
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (DOT) to
                                                      reject the
                                                      Trump
                                                      administration's
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle (AV)
                                                      strategy for
                                                      relying too
                                                      much on the
                                                      viewpoint from
                                                      industry
                                                      without enough
                                                      attention paid
                                                      to potential
                                                      damage to
                                                      worker safety
                                                      and jobs.

                                                      The 38-page [Automated Vehicles Comprehensive Plan](https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/2021-01/USDOT_AVCP.pdf)
                                                      (AVCP), one of
                                                      the last
                                                      documents
                                                      released for
                                                      public comment
                                                      by DOT under
                                                      Secretary
                                                      Elaine Chao
                                                      before she
                                                      left the
                                                      administration
                                                      in January,
                                                      laid out the
                                                      previous
                                                      administration's
                                                      vision for
                                                      integrating
                                                      AVs – both
                                                      cars and heavy
                                                      trucks – into
                                                      the U.S.
                                                      transportation
                                                      system.

The plan received 23 comments before the comment period closed on Tuesday, with trucking technology companies generally supporting the strategy and labor rejecting it.

“This document doubles down on the previous administration’s irresponsible, hands-off approach to AV deployment and regulation and mostly boosts the agency’s role as cheerleader and enabler rather than safety regulator,” wrote John Samuelsen, international president of the Transport Workers Union of America (TWU), which represents transit workers….” Read more  Hmmmm…  One might suggest that TWU’s position is enormously short sighted. Transit pre_Covid served 1% of the person-miles in the US. That is a niche of a niche.  During Covid, almost anyone who could affords a car and didn’t have one, bought one. Transit ridership took an enormous hit. Even with enormous subsidy, Transit, especially bus transit, is hardly ever the “mode of choice” for anyone because its level-of-service is fundamentally poor. It serves relatively few locations, loosely connected by a route which delivers service only at infrequent fixed times. Essentially no other consumer commodity today operates with so little regard to its customer’s real-time needs and desires.  Even network television has adapted to become demand-responsive as opposed to take-it-or-leave-it.

Conventional transit is labor intensive because it needs a chauffeur for each vehicle and that chauffeur deserves nice working conditions and a living wage. Unfortunately, the service that a chauffeur can deliver can’t attract enough customers to make that service a going concern. However, an automated driver can arguably deliver demand-responsive service while having the total cost of its working conditions and level-of-effort be substantially less than a TWU driver.  This might let a Transit entity to actually develop a going concern that would serve 10x or more person-miles and create better paying and better working conditions for all TWU members.

More importantly, there is no downside for the TWU with these automated drivers.  If they aren’t substantially better than a TWU driver, they won’t be adopted by any Transit operator.  If they are, they’ll so improve the level-of-service that ridership will boom and there will be better jobs for all TWU members and more.  There is no downside here. All of this is in the TWU’s best interests. Alain March 19, 2021

                                                      [Tesla's "Full Self Driving" Beta Is Just Laughably Bad and Potentially Dangerous](https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/car-technology/news/a30186/tesla-autopilot-crash-employees-worried/) M.
                                                      Hogan, March
                                                      19, "A beta
                                                      version of
                                                      Tesla's "Full
                                                      Self Driving"
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      update has
                                                      begun rolling
                                                      out to certain
                                                      users. And
                                                      man, if you
                                                      thought "Full
                                                      Self Driving"
                                                      was even close
                                                      to a reality,
                                                      this [video of the system in action](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=antLneVlxcs)
                                                      will certainly
                                                      relieve you of
                                                      that notion.
                                                      It is perhaps
                                                      the best
                                                      comprehensive
                                                      video at
                                                      illustrating
                                                      just how
                                                      morally
                                                      dubious,
                                                      technologically
                                                      limited, and
                                                      potentially
                                                      dangerous
                                                      Autopilot's
                                                      "Full Self
                                                      Driving" beta
                                                      program
                                                      is...." [Read more](https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/car-technology/news/a30186/tesla-autopilot-crash-employees-worried/)  Hmmmm...  The [Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=antLneVlxcs)is
                                                      MUST watch.
                                                      This is what I
                                                      would call a "Semi-SelfDriving
                                                      Alpha"
                                                      product in
                                                      this
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (non-dense
                                                      city/commercial
                                                      suburban
                                                      streets,
                                                      during
                                                      daylight, in
                                                      clear weather
                                                      with moderate
                                                      temperature
                                                      conditions).

Drivers have four (4) “responsibilities”. 1. Feet/foot on/near the pedals, 2. Hand(s) on the wheel, 3. Eyes on the road, and 4. Butt in the driver’s seat (and possibly 5…. Have reasonable cognitive brain functions). If the Operational Design Domain is a straight lane with a slight downgrade and nothing else around, my “55 Chevy” can “Self-drive” and even be “Driverless”. I don’t even have to be in it.  However, we must all agree, that we can’t call my “55 Chevy” a “Driverless” car. We can’t even call it a Self-driving because I’m going to need to have my butt is the driver’s seat to do something when the ODD changes (the road turns , …) and it is, at best, Semi-Self driving because my eyes will need to be on the road for me to realize that the “55 Chevy” is about to exit its ODD. It is going to need help from me to not crash.

So Elon’s FSD is definitely Semi-SelfDriving because its ODD doesn’t come close to including many of the situations that it found in its video journey above.  It is Alpha because any potential user can be expected to have little if any idea what is required to use this product without getting hurt. So,  please be very careful out there and don’t stop paying attention to the road ahead!!! Alain

Saturday, March 13, 2021

                                                      [General Motors Aims to Transform Auto Insurance Industry with OnStar Insurance](https://www.dropbox.com/s/96y8p2x2hpet1zr/GM_OnStar%20Auto%20Insurance%20Launch%20Media%20Advisory.pdf?dl=0)

                                                      Press Release,
                                                      March 11, "GM
                                                      announced it
                                                      will take its
                                                      relentless
                                                      focus on
                                                      safety and
                                                      delivering a
                                                      world-class
                                                      customer
                                                      experience one
                                                      step further
                                                      with [OnStar Insurance](https://www.onstarinsurance.com/).
                                                      ...  OnStar
                                                      Insurance
                                                      Services
                                                      intends to
                                                      leverage its
                                                      unique
                                                      understanding
                                                      of the
                                                      vehicles GM
                                                      produces to
                                                      offer..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/96y8p2x2hpet1zr/GM_OnStar%20Auto%20Insurance%20Launch%20Media%20Advisory.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm.... See Kornhauser's [Automated Driving of Road Vehicles 101: Why, What, Where, When](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e9gnpjre1oqsbyd/AutomatedVehicleTechnologiesWhyWhatWhenWhere.pdf?dl=0).  Also:

Given that:

1.  “>90%” crashes involve driver misbehavior;

2.  OEMs are including more SmartDriving technology in cars.  That technology comes in two part:     a.  SafelyDriven technology which “works” essentially everywhere, all the time to avert crashes by mitigating driver misbehavior, see #1 above..

        i. Examples: anti-lock brakes, electronic stability control, automated emergency braking, blind spot warning, …)        ii. Liability/Insurance implications: the better these work the lower the expected liability, the lower the expected LOSS and the happier the company that insures their owners. 😁!         iii. OnStar/GM Insurance Advantage: They know earlier and better how well these systems can be expected to work. They designed and tested the systems before they put them in the showroom and have “the data” to compute better expected liabilities by driver characteristics and thus be better able to craft and price an insurance product for each purchaser of a GM vehicle. Simply, they will be better able to “know when to hold ‘em .. know when to fold ‘em … they can better know what’s comin’”.

    b.  SelfDriving technology which works only some of the time and some of the places  (Don’t worry, as soon as they work all of the time and all of the places it will be a very big deal and you’ll know it, but don’t hold your breath.)

Nor do any of them perform better than an average driver that is not misbehaving. Again, don’t hold your breath. Consequently these systems are Comfort & Convenience features that, at best, should not degrade safety.  To not degrade safety, these systems must work properly when engaged by the driver and the driver must not engage them when and where these systems aren’t going to work properly. (… Drivers must not misbehave in the use of these systems (… Use these systems outside their certified Operational Design Domain, ODD)).

            i. Examples: Cruise Conroe (Feet-off , but required the driver to steer (Hands-on), be aware and alert (Eyes-on) and be seated in the driver’s seat (Butt-in), and available only in a certain speed range, lane-grade range, doesn’t respond to traffic signals, doesn’t work if there is a stationary object in the lane ahead, …); Automated lane keeping ({Feet-on, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-in}, but only if proper lane markings exist); Automated parking ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out} all starting from speed zero in an area that is recognized by the systems as a parking opportunity); StupidSummon ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out}, but only available within the driver’s own property), “Level3” ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-off, Butt-in}, but only on some certified in real time road segments.)

            ii. Liability/Insurance implications: To date these systems have been sold on a “buyer beware” basis in that all liability implications of their use fell on the shoulders of the driver and their insurer. Consequently, misuse of these systems was the driver’s/insurer’s “problem”. Unfortunately, misuse of these systems and the resulting degradation of safety can be expected to cause regulators to insist that future versions of these SelfDriving technologies must include monitoring systems that preclude them from being available, let alone be used, outside of their real-time Operational Design Domain(ODD) for which their functionality has been “certified by the OEM” to not degrade safety.  This “floor” for safety can be expected to be that experienced by an average non-misbehaving driver in similar driving situations.

This implies that if a crash happens during the use of one of these systems, it is 1. one of these “rare” events in which the driver was not misbehaving. The insurer is dragged in and may well be liable (This is what insurance is supposed to be all about), or 2. the system failed in its automated driving function.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable  from a product liability standpoint or 3. the driver was mis-behaving in the use of the system. This means that the system failed in precluding the system’s use.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable from a product liability standpoint.

3. Implications on Insurer:   Let: $Aij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in and possibly having to pay damages” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a “Rare events” crash, or crashes, over the duration of the insurance policy.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      is largely a
                                                      function of
                                                      the kinds of
                                                      driving driver
                                                      i is going to
                                                      do.  Its
                                                      estimation is
                                                      independent of
                                                      any
                                                      proprietary
                                                      product
                                                      information
                                                      held by GM.
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      is not
                                                      advantaged.)

$Bij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash, or crashes, resulting from the failure of features j to avoid the crash when driver i was misbehaving.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      SafelyDriven
                                                      technology
                                                      didn't perform
                                                      perfectly.
                                                      Given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showroom,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      allows
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

$Cij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash when the System was engaged  and the incident occurred outside the System’s certified ODD.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      automated
                                                      Comfort&Convenience
                                                      features
                                                      either didn't
                                                      perform as
                                                      well as a
                                                      well-behaving
                                                      driver inside
                                                      the feature's
                                                      certified ODD,
                                                      or driver i
                                                      was able to
                                                      mis-use the
                                                      system by
                                                      engaging it
                                                      outside its
                                                      ODD.  Again,
                                                      given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showrooms,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      also allows
                                                      one to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

In pricing insurance, the insurer must estimate the distribution of expected expenses associated with the crashes driver i can be expected to have in car with features j over the life of the policy and price that insurance product accordingly.

For an outside insurer, call them WB: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $WBij = {$Aij}wb + {$Bij}wb + {$Cij}wb

For GM: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $GMij = {$Bij}gm + {$Cij}gm (They get dragged in to all of the “non-rare” crashes because of product liability responsibility

For OnStar Insurance: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $OSij = {$Aij}os (Since GM is already dragged in, no need for OnStarInsurance to also be drawn in to defend themselves.).

Consequently, OnStar has a fundamental pricing advantage because $OSij « $WBij.  Plus OnStar/GM can better estimate the $Bij and $Cij distributions. Thus OnStar “knows when to hold ‘em..” in the insurance pricing game.

Finally, it is very much in GM’s interest to get its SafelyDriven technologies as perfect as possible so as to minimize {$Bij}gm on every vehicle GM sells and to forbid, as best as possible, the mis-use/availability of it SelfDriving Comfort&Convenience features outside their ODD to minimize {$Cij}gm on every vehicle GM sells.

The above is an extraordinarily strong financial incentive for GM to make its SafelyDriven and Comfort&Convenience automated driving technologies as good as possible and, if they are going to do that, GM might as well also be in the insurance business.  Alain

                                                      [Automated Driving Technologies: Driving Change in Insurance](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)

                                                      K. Pyle, March
                                                      5, "It is in
                                                      the insurance
                                                      industry's
                                                      best interest
                                                      to use
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      technology to
                                                      make things
                                                      safer through
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance, not
                                                      just crash
                                                      mitigation.
                                                      Unlike crash
                                                      mitigation,
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance
                                                      saves the
                                                      insurance
                                                      company money.
                                                      This was Alain
                                                      Kornhauserâ's
                                                      premise for
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit,
                                                      Incentivizing
                                                      Through
                                                      Insurance. The trillion-dollar question is whether the incentives to automate will
                                                      overcome the
                                                      countervailing
                                                      forces of
                                                      existing
                                                      business
                                                      practices in
                                                      other parts of
                                                      the mobility
                                                      industry?...."
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken.  Alain

                                                      [March 2021 Issue](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena, Feb 23,
                                                      " ... There is
                                                      no way to test
                                                      a car
                                                      virtually...

OEMs are still learning that that today’s cars are not your father’s Oldsmobile.

                                                      Vehicle
                                                      connectivity
                                                      is not
                                                      something that
                                                      is tacked onto
                                                      a car, like a battery-operated portable TOMTOM or GARMIN (or [CoPilot](https://copilottruck.com/)...Michael,
                                                      How could you
                                                      forget?...!)...navigation
                                                      system....

                                                      Driving Neat:
                                                      Can U.S. Take
                                                      Its Cars
                                                      Without
                                                      ICE?..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm... Plus much much more.
                                                      Enjoy!!! Alain  [COMMENTARY: How the Biden Administration and Congress Can Pave the Path for Automated Vehicles](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/) M.
                                                      Scribner, Feb.
                                                      11, "Automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology is
                                                      coming; it's
                                                      advancing very
                                                      quickly," said
                                                      now-confirmed
                                                      Secretary of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Pete Buttigieg
                                                      during his
                                                      confirmation
                                                      hearing. “It
                                                      is something
                                                      that holds the
                                                      potential to
                                                      be
                                                      transformative
                                                      and I think in
                                                      many ways
                                                      policy has not
                                                      kept up.”

                                                      Secretary
                                                      Buttigieg is
                                                      absolutely
                                                      correct. The
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Department of Transportation, specifically the National Highway Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      division, has
                                                      a number of
                                                      tools at its
                                                      disposal that
                                                      can be used to
                                                      modernize the
                                                      federal
                                                      regulatory
                                                      environment to
                                                      help speed the
                                                      deployment of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technologies
                                                      that can
                                                      greatly
                                                      enhance
                                                      safety,
                                                      mobility, and
                                                      access for all
                                                      Americans.
                                                      There is also
                                                      an important
                                                      role for
                                                      Congress,
                                                      especially at
                                                      this early
                                                      stage of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      development.

                                                      To support
                                                      reform efforts
                                                      within the
                                                      executive and
                                                      legislative
                                                      branches, my
                                                      new Reason
                                                      Foundation
                                                      policy brief,
                                                      [Challenges and Opportunities for Federal Automated Vehicle Policy](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0),
                                                      lays out
                                                      several steps
                                                      policymakers
                                                      can take to
                                                      adapt the
                                                      automotive
                                                      regulatory
                                                      apparatus to
                                                      automated
                                                      driving system
                                                      technologies.
                                                      The brief is
                                                      broken into
                                                      three main
                                                      sections:
                                                      defining
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles, a
                                                      survey of
                                                      current
                                                      federal
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle policy
                                                      development
                                                      activities,
                                                      and
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for federal
                                                      policymakers.

                                                      The reform
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for
                                                      legislators
                                                      and regulators
                                                      are
                                                      categorized
                                                      under four
                                                      themes: ..." [Read more](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/)  Hmmmm... Read especially: "[CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR FEDERAL AUTOMATED VEHICLE POLICY](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0)".  Included is an extensive
                                                      discussion on
                                                      the SAE Levels
                                                      where Marc
                                                      states: "...most legacy automakers and new
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      developers are
                                                      planning to
                                                      avoid SAE
                                                      Level 3
                                                      altogether.."
                                                      and  "Given
                                                      the wide
                                                      diversity of
                                                      road network
                                                      operating
                                                      conditions,
                                                      achieving SAE
                                                      Level 5 poses
                                                      significant
                                                      challenges...."
                                                      That leaves
                                                      just two very
                                                      different
                                                      classes of AVs
                                                      ...
                                                      Safely-driven
                                                      AVs,
                                                      encompasing
                                                      SAE Levels 1
                                                      & 2, that
                                                      assist and
                                                      support human
                                                      drivers while
                                                      requiring that
                                                      a human driver
                                                      ensures that
                                                      the vehicle
                                                      will be driven
                                                      safely... and
                                                      Driverless
                                                      AVs, SAE Level
                                                      4, where the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      that the
                                                      vehicle will
                                                      be driven
                                                      safely is
                                                      entirely borne
                                                      by the driving
                                                      technology.
                                                      Those are the
                                                      only two
                                                      kinds.  Policy
                                                      should focus
                                                      on only those
                                                      two and get
                                                      those right.
                                                      They are they
                                                      only real
                                                      opportunities
                                                      for this
                                                      technology ...
                                                      one to help
                                                      human drivers
                                                      drive more
                                                      safely and the
                                                      other is to
                                                      drive safely
                                                      without any
                                                      help or
                                                      involvement by
                                                      anyone riding
                                                      long with the
                                                      vehicle.
                                                      Thus, the
                                                      first order of
                                                      business for
                                                      Federal Policy
                                                      is to simplify
                                                      the process by
                                                      concentrating
                                                      on those two
                                                      very diffent
                                                      kinds of AVs
                                                      and get those
                                                      right.  Alain

                                                      [Biden inherits big traffic safety mess](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      Feb. 4, "...
                                                      "  [Read more](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)  Hmmmm... If the driver/owner is
                                                      expected to be
                                                      prepared to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      it is NOT full
                                                      anything,
                                                      period.
                                                      Moreover, if
                                                      the
                                                      owner/driver
                                                      is NOT
                                                      prepared, nor
                                                      permitted to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      the fleet
                                                      operator is
                                                      required to
                                                      accept the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      and "make
                                                      whole" any and
                                                      all
                                                      liabilities
                                                      arising from
                                                      any  and all
                                                      "at fault"
                                                      crashes.
                                                      Until Elon is
                                                      willing to
                                                      step up and
                                                      take on that
                                                      responsibility/liability
                                                      or sell his
                                                      cars
                                                      exclusively to
                                                      operating
                                                      entities that
                                                      assume that
                                                      responsibility
                                                      his Teslas are
                                                      NOT full
                                                      anything, period! Alain

Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System G. Laniewki, Jan 26. “:…“  Read more  Hmmmm… Very nice Nation-wide investigation by my students this past Fall. Alain

G.M. Will Sell Only Zero-Emission Vehicles by 2035

                                                      N. Boudette,
                                                      Jan. 28, "The
                                                      days of the
                                                      internal
                                                      combustion
                                                      engine are
                                                      numbered.

                                                      General Motors
                                                      said Thursday
                                                      that it would
                                                      phase out
                                                      petroleum-powered
                                                      cars and
                                                      trucks and
                                                      sell only
                                                      vehicles that
                                                      have zero
                                                      tailpipe
                                                      emissions by
                                                      2035, a
                                                      seismic shift
                                                      by one of the
                                                      world's
                                                      largest
                                                      automakers
                                                      that makes
                                                      billions of
                                                      dollars today
                                                      from
                                                      gas-guzzling
                                                      pickup trucks
                                                      and sport
                                                      utility
                                                      vehicles.

                                                      .."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/business/gm-zero-emission-vehicles.html?campaign_id=60&emc=edit_na_20210128&instance_id=0&nl=breaking-news&ref=headline&regi_id=89228009&segment_id=50516&user_id=bb3a3afb7a60246a936251b2f79cc1db)Hmmmm...
                                                      Great!
                                                      (maybe???):
                                                      Good News:
                                                      Zero emission
                                                      vehicles; Bad
                                                      News: From
                                                      where cometh
                                                      the marginal
                                                      electricity
                                                      that enables
                                                      that
                                                      Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle to
                                                      move and what
                                                      carries that
                                                      electricity to
                                                      the point on
                                                      the road where
                                                      that
                                                      electricity is
                                                      used to power
                                                      that Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle?
                                                      Until we have
                                                      a "Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Battery" and
                                                      all
                                                      electricity is
                                                      created using
                                                      Zero Emission,
                                                      GM cannot
                                                      produce, nor
                                                      sell, Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Vehicles that
                                                      actually move
                                                      (other than [downhill a la Nikola](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2020/09/nikola-admits-prototype-was-rolling-downhill-in-promotional-video/)).
                                                      So please tout
                                                      the whole
                                                      story!!  (Will
                                                      these EVs be
                                                      less polluting
                                                      than an ICE
                                                      that GM could
                                                      build and sell
                                                      "by 2035"? is
                                                      the real
                                                      question.  The
                                                      answer depends
                                                      on where we
                                                      will be with
                                                      electricity
                                                      production and
                                                      distribution,
                                                      the efficiency
                                                      and makeup of
                                                      batteries and
                                                      the
                                                      improvement of
                                                      ICEs. (I
                                                      didn't mean to
                                                      imply that it
                                                      was a simple
                                                      question, but
                                                      the NY Times
                                                      should be more
                                                      than
                                                      click-bait.).
                                                        Alain

                                                      January 29,
                                                      2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

                                                      [U Mich's Robert Hampshire joins Biden administration to work in transportation research and technology](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)

                                                      J. Karoub,
                                                      Jan. 21,
                                                      "Robert
                                                      Hampshire,
                                                      associate
                                                      professor at
                                                      the University
                                                      of Michiga's
                                                      Gerald R. Ford
                                                      School of
                                                      Public Policy
                                                      whose research
                                                      and policy
                                                      engagement
                                                      focuses on
                                                      understanding
                                                      the societal,
                                                      climate and
                                                      equity
                                                      implications
                                                      of autonomous
                                                      and connected
                                                      vehicles and
                                                      other
                                                      innovative
                                                      mobility
                                                      services, has
                                                      joined the
                                                      Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      to work in the
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      ..  [Read more](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)  Hmmmm...  What a fantastic
                                                      appointment. Congratulations Robert!  Alain

                                                      [AUTOMATED VEHICLES: Comprehensive Plan](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0) E.
                                                      Chao, Jan.
                                                      2021, "The
                                                      Automated
                                                      Vehicles
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan
                                                      (Comprehensive
                                                      Plan)
                                                      describes how
                                                      the United
                                                      States
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (U.S. DOT) is
                                                      supporting the
                                                      safe
                                                      integration of
                                                      Automated
                                                      Driving
                                                      Systems (ADS)2
                                                      into the
                                                      surface
                                                      transportation
                                                      system. It
                                                      explains
                                                      Departmental
                                                      goals related
                                                      to ADS,
                                                      identifies
                                                      actions being
                                                      taken to meet
                                                      those goals,
                                                      and provides
                                                      real-world
                                                      examples of
                                                      how these
                                                      Departmental
                                                      actions relate
                                                      to emerging
                                                      ADS
                                                      applications...
                                                        "  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm...  I guess this is a good
                                                      plan.  Of
                                                      course, Safety
                                                      is #1, as it
                                                      should be.
                                                      DoT's #1
                                                      public
                                                      responsibility
                                                      is Safety.
                                                      Whether Cyber
                                                      Security and
                                                      Privacy are #
                                                      2 and 3  and
                                                      ahead of
                                                      Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      is certainly
                                                      debatable.
                                                      And if the Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      of the
                                                      "mobility
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      that have been
                                                      left behind by
                                                      our current
                                                      favored
                                                      transport
                                                      system"  were
                                                      to be a
                                                      category, then
                                                      that one
                                                      should be
                                                      right behind
                                                      Safety at #2
                                                      if not ahead
                                                      of Safety and
                                                      a solid #1.
                                                      The rest. as
                                                      they should,
                                                      are
                                                      appropriately
                                                      details.  What
                                                      is most
                                                      disconcerting
                                                      about the
                                                      report are the
                                                      images. To me,
                                                      those images
                                                      depict the
                                                      current
                                                      "haves", not
                                                      "have-nots"
                                                      and thus don't
                                                      really address
                                                      the mobility
                                                      needs and
                                                      desires of
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      enhanced by
                                                      automation
                                                      technology.
                                                      These images
                                                      seem to focus
                                                      the Plan on
                                                      giving those
                                                      that already
                                                      have pretty
                                                      good ways to
                                                      get around,
                                                      yet another
                                                      way to get
                                                      around, where,
                                                      when you
                                                      finally get
                                                      right down to
                                                      it, may at
                                                      best be only
                                                      slightly
                                                      better than
                                                      what they
                                                      already have.
                                                      This
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan should
                                                      first be
                                                      focused on
                                                      providing
                                                      high-quality
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      improved by
                                                      such new
                                                      technologies
                                                      and
                                                      subsequently
                                                      serve those
                                                      that already
                                                      enjoy and can
                                                      afford other
                                                      high-quality
                                                      forms of
                                                      mobility.

Also, Elaine, thank you for a really good 4 years.  You (and USDoT) were really the star of what was otherwise a most embarrassing Presidency. Also, thanks to Diana Furchtgott-Roth and many others in US DoT.  Alain

                                                      January 08,
                                                      2021

  Automatic braking is now on most new cars. But not GM or Fiat Chrysler vehicles C. Isidore, Dec 17, “Automatic braking, once a feature available exclusively to high-end cars, is becoming common across the industry, according to analysis from Consumer Reports and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

                                                      .. "  [Read more](https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/17/business/automatic-braking/)  Hmmmm... Set up for the [3rd session of the SDC Summit](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210114).
                                                      Alain

                                                      December 11,
                                                      2020

                                                      [Uber, After Years of Trying, Is Handing Off Its Self-Driving Car Project](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/07/technology/uber-self-driving-car-project.html)

                                                      December 04,
                                                      2020

  Nikola Teaches GM a Lesson S. Wilmot, Nov 30, “Nikola Corp. NKLA 0.76% isn’t turning out to be the next Tesla that investors and    were hoping for. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Lessons for many in this endeavor.  See alsoAndrew Hawkin’s take as well as David Morris’. Alain

                                                      November 26,

 The Vehicle Fuel Debate Has Been Hijacked

M. Sena, Nov. 19, “The lead article this month was inspired by a diagram I received showing how much of the energy that we generate to heat our homes, light up our rooms, make the concrete and steel to build our infrastructure and power our transportation is wasted. It’s over two-thirds. Wasted! Half of it is from producing electricity.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)Hmmmm... What can I say?? Another great
                                                      edition of the
                                                      Dispatcher. Be
                                                      sure to read
                                                      all the way
                                                      through
                                                      including  "[Musings of a Dispatcher: Cars are from Mars](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)".  Enjoy and listen/watch the
                                                      following [Pod](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-187)/[Zoom](https://youtu.be/eyGCKObQ4e0)-casts.  Alain

  Waymo’s Safety Methodologies and Safety Readiness Determinations N, Webb, Oct. 30, “As the world’s most experienced developer of automated driving systems, Waymo has extensive experience in developing and applying state-of-the-art safety methodologies. Waymo’s methodologies help implement Waymo’s forward-looking safety philosophy: Waymo will reduce traffic injuries and fatalities by driving safely and responsibly, and will carefully manage risk as we scale our operations. Waymo’s safety methodologies, which draw on well established engineering processes and address new safety challenges specific to Automated Vehicle technology, provide a firm foundation for safe deployment of our Level 4 ADS, which we also refer to as the Waymo Driver. Waymo’s determination of its readiness to deploy its AVs safely in different settings rests on that firm foundation and on a thorough analysis of risks specific to a particular Operational Design Domain )….”  Read more Hmmmm…  The process.  Must read!  Alain

  Waymo Public Road Safety Performance Data M. Schwall, Oct. 30, “Waymo’s mission to reduce traffic injuries and fatalities and improve mobility for all has led us to expand deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) on public roads without a human driver behind the wheel.  As part of this process, Waymo is committed to providing the public with informative and relevant data regarding the demonstrated safety of Waymo’s automated driving system (ADS), which we call the Waymo Driver….” Read more Hmmmm…  The substance.  Must read! …

I had the priveledge of reviewing Waymo’s most recent Safety Reports 1 , 2 (above)

In the past, safety reports by the AV community have largely been a response to NHTSA’¢s Voluntary Safety Self-Assessments and have, in my opinion, been largely public relations documents. While generally descriptive about the testing processes they contain very little, if any, substantive information about their safety related experience to-date focused exclusively on driverless operation.

Safe driverless operation is absolutely necessary for AVs to evolve from extremely expensive chauffeured rides to affordable mobility available to essentially anyone throughout an Operational Design Domain (ODD). Affordability requires that the mobility be delivered without a driver or attendant on-board the vehicle.  Only passengers.

The decision to remove the driver/attendant rests in part on the shoulders of public safety regulators who need to allow such operation, but more importantly, on the shoulders of the real decision makers at the AV company. In the end, it is those AV company decision makers who will be held fully responsible for any lapse in the safety of the driverless operation. These decision makers are inside the AV companies and are, of course, privy to all the details and substance about their own safety related driverless operation, which, in the past, has not been shared in their Voluntary Safety Self-assessments.

My impression is that these just released Waymo Safety Reports contain the substantive information that clearly depicts Waymo’s safety-related driverless operational experience. To me, they read like internal documents meant to guide and inform internal decision makers to objectively decide if a sufficiently safe operational experience has been achieved in order to vote to fully accept the safety responsibility of driverless operation in their Operational Design Domain.

Given the information that is contained in these documents, it does not surprise me that Waymo decision makers have decided to proceed with driverless operation in the Phoenix Operational Design Domain. Had I had the responsibility of being one of the decision makers reviewing these documents, I would have also voted yes.

                                                      Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      October 09,
                                                      2020

 Waymo starts to open driverless ride-hailing service to the public

K. Korosec, Oct. 8, “Waymo, the Google self-driving-project-turned-Alphabet unit, is beginning to open up its driverless ride-hailing service to the public.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2020/10/08/waymo-starts-to-open-driverless-ride-hailing-service-to-the-public/)  Hmmmm...  "...fully Driverless...".
                                                      That means
                                                      that Krafcik,
                                                      the Waymo
                                                      "Board",
                                                      Alphabet's
                                                      Board and all
                                                      the lawyers
                                                      have signed
                                                      off and
                                                      said... We are
                                                      safe enough to
                                                      basically bet
                                                      the ranch that
                                                      the expected
                                                      value of the
                                                      mobility that
                                                      we'll be
                                                      putting out on
                                                      the streets
                                                      of our Operational Design Domain, which is under our control,
                                                      is worth
                                                      whatever
                                                      expected risk
                                                      still exists
                                                      that some bad
                                                      things may
                                                      happen.  That
                                                      is an enormous
                                                      hurdle that
                                                      has been
                                                      achieved by an
                                                      entity that
                                                      has an
                                                      enormous
                                                      ranch.  CONGRATULATIONS!!!
                                                      It hasn't come
                                                      easy, nor has
                                                      it come
                                                      without intese
                                                      diligence and
                                                      effort. CONGRATULATIONS!!! Alain
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      October 09,
                                                      2020

  ASSISTED DRIVING GRADINGS Staff, Oct. 2020  “On this page you will find the gradings of cars tested by Euro NCAP on automated driving technologies.

                                                      September 25,
                                                      2020

  Proposal for a new UN Regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to Automated Lane Keeping System

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      September 11,
                                                      2020  [Tesla's 'Full Self-Driving Capability' Falls Short of Its Name](https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/tesla-full-self-driving-capability-review-falls-short-of-its-name/)

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                       [The Biggest Self-Driving Truck Startup Stumbles in Hitting High Goals](https://www.theinformation.com/articles/the-biggest-self-driving-truck-startup-stumbles-in-hitting-high-goals)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                         [Car OEMs Driving Toward Relevance or Perdition](https://www.dropbox.com/s/ltmk5s3hdpwf6nr/The-Dispatcher_August-2020.pdf?dl=0)

###

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                       [Fostering Economic Opportunity through Autonomous Vehicle Technology](https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_bUHzsV9BSm-tJkKQ6QVNqg)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,

 Announcing 2020-2021 Fellow-in-Residence Henry L. Greenidge, Esq. rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Thursday,

                                                      [Luminaries Battle In Lincoln-Douglas Style Debate About The Future Of Self-Driving Cars](https://www.forbes.com/sites/lanceeliot/2020/04/28/luminaries-battle-in-lincoln-douglas-style-debate-about-the-future-of-self-driving-cars/#35c0455028b6)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,

  What Negative Oil Prices Mean and How the Impact Could Last rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Friday,

  Starsky Robotics Failed. Does That Mean Automated Trucking Is Dead?

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,
                                                      January 31,
                                                      2020

2020 Hyundai Sonata stars in Super Bowl ad all about ‘Smaht Pahk’

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Sunday,
                                                      January 12,

   Hmmmm… Reflections

A. Kornhauser, Jan 12,    Hmmmm…   Self-driving cars are hot and the OEMs are responding. I’m about to buy a new Subaru Outback and EyeSightis standard.  It is no longer just AutoPilot or expensive options that car salesmen don’t sell. Car companies, as reflected in what is in showrooms and what was promoted at CES, have realized the comfort and convenience of Self-driving technology (cars that have a lot of the Safe-driving car features but also enable you to take your feet off the pedals and hands off the wheel at least for short periods of time. These technologies are really becoming the ‘chrome and fins’ that sell cars to individuals in the 2020s. The momentum is all behind that happening and there is little Washington or Trenton or Princeton Council can do about it. Hopefully part of that momentum will be to make these systems actually work well, especially the Automated Emergency Braking Systems (MUST quit assuming that all stationary objects in the lane ahead can be passed under and consequently each is disregarded. As Tesla is finding out, sometimes those objects are parked firetrucks.) and begin to put hard limits on over-speeding, tailgating and use while driver is impaired. Self-driving cars are unfortunately going to lead to substantial urban sprawl, increased VMT, increased congestion and do nothing to help the energy and pollution challenges of our addiction to the personal automobile. Only ‘Waymo-style Driverless’ (autonomousTaxis, (aTaxis)) tuned to entice ride-sharing can potentially stem the tide of ever more personal car ownership and ever expanding urban sprawl. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Monday,
                                                      January 6,
                                                      2020

A. Kornhauser, Jan. 6,    Hmmmm…   I’m in rehab and hope to go home on Wednesday morning. Thank you to so many of you for all the good wishes and prayers.  They each helped. I’m looking to making a full recovery. Remember, if you don’t feel well, get evaluated by a doctor.  I was totally clueless about what hit me from out of nowhere. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      November 23,
                                                      2019 [Self-driving car capital? One senator thinks it can be Florida](https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/article237625484.html)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      September 28,
                                                      2019 [Public forum will explore possibility of transit on demand in Princeton](https://planetprinceton.com/2019/09/22/public-forum-will-explore-possibility-of-transit-on-demand-in-princeton/)

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                      November 22,

  Market Framework and Outlook for Automated Vehicle Systems

                                                      October 24,

New Jersey Pending Legislation re: Autonomous Vehicles

Oct 16, Establishes fully autonomous vehicle pilot program A4573 Sponsors: Zwicker (D16); Benson (D14)

Oct 16, EstablishesNew Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force AJR164Sponsors: Benson (D14); Zwicker (D16); Lampitt (D6)

                                                      Oct 16, [Directs MVC to establish driver's license endorsement for autonomous vehicles A4541](https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/A5000/4541_I1.PDF) Sponsors:
                                                      Zwicker (D16);
                                                      Benson (D14);
                                                      Lampitt
                                                      (D6)..."  [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NVIDIA-Self-Driving-Safety-Report-2018.pdf)Hmmmm.... Things are beginning to move in New
                                                      Jersey.  Alain

 Testimony of Alain Kornhauser, Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

Audio Recording of Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

 CPUC AUTHORIZES PASSENGER CARRIERS TO PROVIDE FREE TEST RIDES IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES WITH VALID CPUC AND DMV PERMITS

PRELIMINARY REPORT: HIGHWAY: HWY18MH010 (Uber/Herzberg Crash) May 24, “About 9:58 p.m., on Sunday, March 18, 2018, an Uber Technologies, Inc. test vehicle, based on a modified 2017 Volvo XC90 and operating with a self-driving system in computer control mode, struck a pedestrian on northbound Mill Avenue, in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona.

…The vehicle was factory equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions by Volvo Cars, the original manufacturer. The systems included a collision avoidance function with automatic emergency

                                                      braking, known
                                                      as City
                                                      Safety, as
                                                      well as
                                                      functions for
                                                      detecting
                                                      driver
                                                      alertness and
                                                      road sign
                                                      information.
                                                      All these
                                                      Volvo
                                                      functions are
                                                      disabled when
                                                      the test
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      operated in
                                                      computer
                                                      control..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf) Hmmmm.... Uber must believe
                                                      that its
                                                      systems are
                                                      better at
                                                      avoiding
                                                      Collisions and
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking than
                                                      Volvo's.  At least this gets Volvo
                                                      "off the
                                                      hook".

“…According to data obtained from the self-driving system, the system first registered radar and LIDAR observations of the pedestrian about 6 seconds before impact, when the vehicle was traveling at 43 mph…“ (= 63 feet/second) So the system started “seeing an obstacle when it was 63 x 6 = 378 feet away… more than a football field, including end zones!

“…As the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path…“ (NTSB: Please tell us precisely when it classified this “object’ as a vehicle and be explicit about the expected ”future travel paths.”  Forget the path, please just tell us the precise velocity vector that Uber’s system attached to the “object”, then the “vehicle”. Why didn’t the the Uber system instruct the Volvo to begin to slow down (or speed up) to avoid a collision?  If these paths (or velocity vectors) were not accurate, then why weren’t they accurate?  Why was the object classified as a “Vehicle” ??  When did it finally classify the object as a ”bicycle”?  Why did it change classifications? How often was the classification of this object done.  Please divulge the time and the outcome of each classification of this object. In the tests that Uber has done, how often has the system mis-classified an object as a”pedestrian”when the object was actually an overpass, or an overhead sign or overhead branches/leaves that the car could safely pass under, or was nothing at all?? (Basically, what are the false alarm characteristics of Uber’s Self-driving sensor/software system as a function of vehicle speed and time-of-day?)

“…At 1.3 seconds before impact, (impact speed was 39mph = 57.2 ft/sec) the self-driving system determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision” (1.3 x 57.2 = 74.4 ft. which is about equal to the braking distance. So it still could have stopped short.

“…According to Uber, emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce (eradicate??) the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. …“ NTSB:  Please describe/define potential  and erratic vehicle behavior   Also please uncover and divulge the design & decision process that Uber went through to decide that this risk (disabling the AEB) was worth the reward of eradicating “ ”erratic vehicle behavior”.  This is fundamentally BAD design.  If the Uber system’s false alarm rate is so large that the best way to deal with false alarms is to turn off the AEB, then the system should never have been permitted on public roadways.

“…The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. ” Wow! If Uber’s system fundamentally relies on a human to intervene, then Uber is nowhere near creating a Driverless vehicle. Without its own Driverless vehicle Uber is past “Peak valuation”.

“…The system is not designed to alert the operator. “ That may be the only good part of Uber’s design.  In a Driverless vehicle, there is no one to warn, so don’t waste your time.  If it is important enough to warn, then it is important enough for the automated system to start initiating things to do something about it. Plus, the Driver may not know what to do anyway. This is pretty much as I stated in PodCast of SmartDrivingCar, 10,  2018   Don’t Worry, Driverless Cars Are Learning From Grand Theft Auto

Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving

announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

Sunday, December 19, 2015 Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars Video similar to part of Adam’s Luncheon talk @ 2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec 1.  Hmmm … Watch Video especially at the 13:12 mark. Compelling; especially after the 60 Minutes segment above!  Also see his TipRanks. Alain

Alain L. Kornhauser, PhD

                                                  Professor,
                                                  Operations
                                                  Research &
                                                  Financial
                                                  Engineering

                                                  Director,
                                                  Transportation
                                                  Program

                                                  Faculty Chair,
                                                  Princeton
                                                  Autonomous Vehicle
                                                  Engineering

229 Sherrerd Hall

                                                      Princeton
                                                      University

                                                      Princeton, NJ

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