2021-05-09

2021-05-09

rgb(51, 51, May 8, 2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">18th
                                                      edition of the
                                                      9th year of
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter

###

Why has’t Waymo expanded its driverless service? Here’s my theory

###

                                                      T. Lee, May 7,
                                                      "Suburban
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      is a lousy
                                                      business to be
                                                      in.

Last October, Waymo did something remarkable: the company launched a fully driverless commercial taxi service called Waymo One. Customers in a 50-square-mile corner of suburban Phoenix can now use their smartphones to hail a Chrysler Pacifica minivan with no one in the driver’s seat.

                                                      And then...
                                                      nothing. Seven
                                                      months later,
                                                      Waymo has
                                                      neither
                                                      expanded the
                                                      footprint of
                                                      the Phoenix
                                                      service nor
                                                      has it
                                                      announced a
                                                      timeline for
                                                      launching in a
                                                      second city.

                                                      It's as if
                                                      Steve Jobs had
                                                      unveiled the
                                                      iPhone,
                                                      shipped a few
                                                      thousand
                                                      phones to an
                                                      Apple Store in
                                                      Phoenix, and
                                                      then didn't
                                                      ship any more
                                                      for months—and
                                                      wouldn't
                                                      explain why.

                                                      Last Friday,
                                                      two Waymo
                                                      employees [participated in an "ask me anything" thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/SelfDrivingCars/comments/n031vq/you_voted_and_were_excited_to_chat_about_waymo/)
                                                      on the
                                                      SelfDrivingCars
                                                      subreddit, a
                                                      watering hole
                                                      for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      industry
                                                      insiders.
                                                      Questions
                                                      about
                                                      expansion
                                                      plans
                                                      dominated the
                                                      conversation.

                                                      "How are you
                                                      going to
                                                      scale?" one
                                                      redditor
                                                      asked. "What
                                                      are the
                                                      impediments to
                                                      service
                                                      expansion at
                                                      this time?"

                                                      The Waymonauts
                                                      responded with
                                                      maddening
                                                      generalities.

                                                      "We feel the
                                                      same urgency
                                                      to scale
                                                      quickly that
                                                      others do, but
                                                      a ton of work
                                                      goes into
                                                      doing it
                                                      safely," wrote
                                                      Waymo's Sam
                                                      Kansara."  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/why-hasnt-waymo-expanded-its-driverless-service-heres-my-theory/)  Hmmmm... Not at all surprising.
                                                      Can you
                                                      imagine trying
                                                      to be better
                                                      than one's own
                                                      Land Rover or
                                                      Porsche in car
                                                      country.  That
                                                      is a heavy
                                                      lift.  Making
                                                      it heavier is
                                                      the focus on
                                                      today's most
                                                      entitled
                                                      yuppies.
                                                      That's as bad
                                                      as the
                                                      original focus
                                                      of driverless
                                                      cars on
                                                      1%ers.  Waymos
                                                      are pure and
                                                      simple
                                                      mobility
                                                      machines to
                                                      get you
                                                      from/to places
                                                      horizontally,
                                                      just as
                                                      elevators do
                                                      vertically ...
                                                      just get you
                                                      up to the "8th
                                                      floor".  Why
                                                      are elevators
                                                      so successful
                                                      at what they
                                                      do?... Second
                                                      best is the
                                                      stairwell!
                                                      They win all
                                                      the time,
                                                      hands down.

In Chandler, the “stairwell” is your car parked in your garage.  You don’t even have to go outside in all that heat. Waymo’s got to be really good to beat that! Waymo might end up getting close to that good, but in the beginning chances “slim-to-none”.  Not that the car in the garage doesn’t have an enormous amount of “excess baggage”. Everyone seems to have conveniently forgotten about it. When even with all of its LiDars, radars and deepLearning, whereas the car with the Mad Men fantasies is way more than half full and your go-to mobility is your car. Your car allowed you to consider the Chandlers of this world as a place whee you want to live.  That’s a challenging market place for Waymo. It’s worse than Bing v Google

A better place for Waymo  ( or Ford/Argo or GM/cruise) the place to start is to focus on a market where they can easily deliver better service.  The obvious market is to provide Waymo mobility to concentrations of households that have zero or only one car.  Folks that have been left behind by the automobile and don’t have access to one.  Those that have been relegated to take the staircase thereby not even having the opportunity to reach “the eighth floor”; which, once they can using Waymo,  would substantially improve their lives. They might in fact appreciate Waymo right out of the box.

Manhattan is one such place, but it has a great subway and safely driving its roads is enormously challenging, so that’s arguably the last place for Waymo to go. However, the census identifies many communities and “inner suburbs” that have substantial densities of zero and one-car household. For example: Trenton New Jersey. Waymo would be the obvious mobility choice. Numerous Trenton residents would readily perceive Waymo as the “Google” in their trip mode-choice.

Another note… trying to sell Waymo technology on its ability to improve safety is a fool’s gambit. Since Waymos don’t misbehave, it is “easy” to make them safer, but that argument is hard to get across Misbehaviors are core to the fantasies of driving and are thus excused and forgotten about.  Alain

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 212, Zoom-Cast Episode 212

                                                      w/Ken Pyle

F. Fishkin, May 8 , “Where does Waymo go from here?   Is GM really going to market personal autonomous vehicles? Viodi View managing editor Ken Pyle joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at those issues plus Volkswagen, Tesla, Argo and more.

                                                      " Alexa, play the
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars podcast!".
                                                      Ditto with Siri,
                                                      and GooglePlay
                                                      ...
                                                      Alain

###

                                                      The
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter,
                                                      Pod-Casts,
                                                      Zoom-Casts and
                                                      Zoom-inars are
                                                      made possible
                                                      in part by
                                                      support from
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      ETF, symbol
                                                      MOTO.   For
                                                      more
                                                      information: [www.motoetf.com](https://www.smartetfs.com/).
                                                      Most funding
                                                      is supplied by
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Operations
                                                      Research &
                                                      Financial
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering
                                                      (PAVE)
                                                      research
                                                      laboratory as
                                                      part of its
                                                      research
                                                      dissemination
                                                      initiatives.

You voted, and we’re excited to chat about Waymo One this Friday - Ask Us Anything!

Waymo, April 29, “Hey Reddit, we’re Lety Cavalcante and Sam Kansara, excited to hear your questions about our rider-only service, Waymo One!..”  Read more  Hmmmm… Read for yourself the questions and responses. Nothing surprising and nothing really new.  About all that can be said when one is struggling to be as safe as possible while getting something to work.

They are in the right place to get the technology to work someplace. They’re in the wrong market to demonstrate its ability to make a difference. Alain

Valley Metro – Waymo AV Mobility-on-Demand (MOD) Project: Experience from a Real-World Pilot Demonstration:

K. Pyle,May 8, “Overall Impressions from Ken Pyle…

Waymo reinforced their reasons for

                                                      1. Improve
                                                      safety

                                                      2. Open up
                                                      access to
                                                      transportation
                                                      for more
                                                      people,
                                                      particularly
                                                      those with low
                                                      income.

                                                      3. A greener
                                                      future is what
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility
                                                      promises
                                                      (fewer
                                                      vehicles, less
                                                      downtime)..."

Read more  Hmmmm… Thank you Ken. Interesting that “improved safety” is Waymo’s #1 objective and not what they list as an “after thought” on their #2 (Open up access to transportation for more people, particularly those with low income.). Seems as if they are catering to US DoT (improving safety) rather than to those that could really benefit from the mobility service that they are trying to deliver (getting people to places they can’t get to when the people want to get there (because a bus doesn’t go there then (which is most places at most times)).  I suggest they rehearse saying:

1. Provide safe, high-quality, affordable, on-demand mobility to those that don’t have access to their own car.

If they really want to be honest about how they would prioritize the service, should a capacity constraint be encountered, they could also think, but not say out loud:

2. Those that do have access to their own car are “welcomed to use this mobility service on an as available basis.”

Alain

The Problematic Equity Case for Mass Transit

M. Scribner, May 7, “Recently, a number of politicians and activists have raised the subject of highway construction’s historically disparate impact on African Americans and other minorities. The problem then and today is less about any particular type of project and more about the government’s expansive power to seize private property. But the misapprehension of the core problem by some politicians and activists has led them to propose ineffective transportation policy responses. One of the most popular proposals involves portraying mass transit as an important tool to enhance social equity, but a large body of research suggests something quite different: access to private automobiles—not transit—is a powerful social equalizer…. “  Read more  Hmmmm… That may well be true; however, a better social equalizer may be the support/leadership to create a mobility system that provides mobility that is comparable to the mobility provided by the private automobile. It is not the private automobile that is the desirable commodity that creates a level quality-of-life playing field.  It is the mobility that the private automobile has delivered that has completely tilted the quality-of-life playing field.

By delivering comparable mobility, one goes a long way to delivering comparable quality-of-life and leveling that playing field.

Moreover, the private aspect is really a net minus for the conventional automobile. The Mad Men needed to push that aspect because the conventional car’s business model can’t afford to pay for the labor needed to drive them to deliver their fantastic mobility. Since the business case couldn’t afford a paid driver, they had to create an aura and fantasies that driving them was fun, desirable and you’d better want to d it for yourself without being paid for it. That’s what has motivated the private aspects.  But as we’ve learned from the pandemic, we fundamentally don’t like being quarantined at home and, if not manipulated by those on Madison Avenue, we likely don’t fundamentally like being quarantined in a car and forced to drive it. (Note how the comfort and convenience features of driver assistance has become to Tesla and now all the other OEM).  Also, having them private just reeks havoc on efficient capitalization, utilization and efforts to save the planet.

My point is, The problem with Transit is that because it has to pay for a driver, it can only offer services where there are masses over which to distribute its labor cost. Consequently, it  can only operate between few points, at few times, when there is enough aggregation of captive demand that is can pay to have the “cars, aka:trains, buses, shuttles, …” driven by professionals. Conventional Mass Transit is hopeless at providing non-mass mobility.

Unfortunately, many folks don’t wish to live being “packed into a sardine can” yielding insufficient “Mass” for Mass Transit. What is needed is Mass-less Transit that can deliver affordable mobility from near where people want to travel from/to at about the time they want to travel. Something close to what the private automobile delivers to those so fortunate to have one and be willing and able to drive it for free.

Of course the answer is Shareable autonomousTaxi Networks (SANs)as we’ve proposed for Trenton, NJ as well as several other communities. That is Affordable Mass-less Transit Alain

GM CEO Mary Barra wants to sell personal autonomous vehicles using Cruise’s self-driving tech by 2030

K. Korosec, May 5, “GM CEO Mary Barra sees the automaker selling personal autonomous vehicles by the end of the decade by leveraging technology from its self-driving subsidiary Cruise, according to comments made during the company’s Wednesday earnings call.

                                                      Barra wasn't
                                                      providing any
                                                      specifics just
                                                      yet, but
                                                      instead laid
                                                      out a vision
                                                      for the
                                                      automaker's
                                                      future and how
                                                      its stake in
                                                      Cruise and its
                                                      own internal
                                                      effort to
                                                      further
                                                      develop its
                                                      advanced
                                                      driver
                                                      assistance
                                                      system Super
                                                      Cruise might
                                                      evolve over
                                                      the next nine
                                                      years.

                                                      "I've always
                                                      said we have
                                                      kind of a
                                                      revolutionary
                                                      and an
                                                      evolutionary
                                                      strategy
                                                      around driver
                                                      assistance all
                                                      the way to
                                                      full Level 4,
                                                      Level 5
                                                      autonomy," she
                                                      said,
                                                      referring to
                                                      automation
                                                      levels
                                                      designated by
                                                      the SAE
                                                      International...."
                                                      [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/05/gm-ceo-mary-barra-wants-to-sell-personal-autonomous-vehicles-using-cruises-self-driving-tech-by-2030/)  Hmmmm... I hope that Mary realizes
                                                      that if she
                                                      sells a "Level
                                                      5" she has
                                                      implicitly
                                                      accepted
                                                      responsibility
                                                      that this
                                                      "Level 5 car"
                                                      will drive
                                                      itself everywhere
                                                      without
                                                      crashing.  If
                                                      it crashes,
                                                      she picks up
                                                      the tab!

No lawyer, accountant, stock holder or spouse is going to let her do that. One of the fundamental beauties of the “car business” is that once the dealer sells it, it becomes the buyer’s headache if something bad happens (except for very few instances). Alain

Volkswagen says it can profitably sell a self-driving system for €7 an hour

                                                      J. Klender,
                                                      May 7,
                                                      "Volkswagen is
                                                      claiming that
                                                      it can
                                                      profitably
                                                      sell a
                                                      self-driving
                                                      system to
                                                      owners of its
                                                      vehicles, and
                                                      it will sell
                                                      it for as
                                                      little as €7
                                                      an hour.
                                                      After pledging
                                                      to transition
                                                      to a lineup of
                                                      fully electric
                                                      cars in 2017,
                                                      VW has been
                                                      working
                                                      steadily on
                                                      perfecting
                                                      this system,
                                                      which handles
                                                      the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      of
                                                      consolidating
                                                      electric
                                                      controls and
                                                      reducing
                                                      microprocessors,
                                                      a strategy
                                                      that would
                                                      advance the
                                                      company's
                                                      driver-assistance technologies...

                                                      In an
                                                      interview with
                                                      TopGear,
                                                      Volkswagen's
                                                      Klaus Zellmer
                                                      says that the
                                                      automaker is
                                                      planning to
                                                      build every
                                                      vehicle it has
                                                      with all the
                                                      bells and
                                                      whistles, and
                                                      customers can
                                                      then "lease"
                                                      each feature
                                                      from VW, not
                                                      locking them
                                                      into a massive
                                                      purchase or
                                                      extensive
                                                      program with a
                                                      bulky initial
                                                      cost.

One of the ways it plans to do this is to introduce Over-the-Air software updates, which Volkswagen promised to make available to customers later this year.

                                                      "Over the air
                                                      allows access
                                                      to a car's
                                                      operating
                                                      system. The
                                                      interesting
                                                      aspect is
                                                      functions
                                                      on-demand,"
                                                      Zellmer said
                                                      in an
                                                      interview. "If
                                                      you happened
                                                      to buy a car
                                                      and weren't
                                                      convinced you
                                                      needed an
                                                      autonomous
                                                      drive mode at
                                                      the time, but
                                                      then you
                                                      decide you'd
                                                      love to have
                                                      it, we can
                                                      switch it on,
                                                      but we can
                                                      then switch it
                                                      off if the
                                                      next owner of
                                                      the car
                                                      decides they
                                                      don't need
                                                      it."

                                                      What's even
                                                      more
                                                      interesting is
                                                      Zellmer says
                                                      that
                                                      Volkswagen can
                                                      charge as
                                                      little as €7
                                                      an hour for a
                                                      Level 4
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      drive
                                                      mode...."  [Read more](https://www.teslarati.com/volkswagen-profitable-self-driving-system/)  Hmmmm... "Level 4" !?  No way!!!
                                                      That means
                                                      hands--off,
                                                      feet-off and
                                                      eyes-off, if
                                                      not also
                                                      Butt-out. Insurance
                                                      to cover any
                                                      Level 4
                                                      may end up
                                                      costing €7
                                                      per hour all
                                                      by itself.

On average a car is used around 14,000 miles per year. This system will likely be used only when the car is averaging about 70mph. If half of a car’s life is spent at 70mph, that means that the system might be used for about 100 hours per year; thus, providing about €700/carYear. Given that cruise control is today likely not used to that extent, this €7/hour profitability hurdle claim seems very Elonish… unrealistically optimistic.

The software download is essentially a zero cost item at scale.  The sensors, actuators and processors are all up-front, fixed-cost items that need to be included in every car, even those that will never acquire even one hour of “Level 4”. I must have missed something very basic somewhere.

If VW can do “Level 4 throughout the Mercer County’s Operational Design Domain at €7/hour, that is half of “minimum wage”.  I’ll sign a contract right now to buy all that VW can build and put them in shared-ride, on-demand mobility throughout Trenton and rolling out in Mercer County, Central Jersey , all of New Jersey and the whole the NorthEast Corridor (except Manhattan 😁).  Please call me. Alain

Recommendations for the Security of Connected and Automated Mobility

Staff, May 2021, “…The aim of this report is to provide a high-level overview of the cybersecurity challenges in the CAM sector and to highlight both the concerned CAM actors and associated recommendations. Cybersecurity in the CAM ecosystem is partially standardised and the role of standards is widely recognised. All stakeholders’ contributions to the CAM ecosystem are intertwined. Standards and regulations are often not adopted uniformly worldwide, and therefore some countries may advance faster than others in building a safe and secure cybersecurity system around CAM infrastructure. In the context of growing cybersecurity threats and concerns about cybersecurity and data protection, this report aims to identify the main challenges in the current situation and to propose actionable recommendations for the different stakeholders involved in the CAM ecosystem to enhance the level of security and resilience of CAM infrastructures and systems in Europe…“  Read more  Hmmmm…Mandatory reading.  Alain

THE AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE WORLD IS SHRINKING — IT’S OVERDUE

A. Hawkins, May 7, “After years of positive vibes about the future of autonomous vehicles and nearly unrestricted access to cash from Kool-Aid-drunk venture capitalists, the AV industry is confronting some hard truths. The first is that autonomous vehicles are going to take a lot longer to reach mass scale than previously thought. The second is that it’s going to be a lot more expensive, too. And the third hard truth: going it alone is no longer a viable option.

                                                      Last week, [Lyft sold its self-driving car division to a subsidiary of Toyota](https://www.theverge.com/2021/4/26/22404406/toyota-lyft-autonomous-vehicle-acquisition-amount-deal) for
                                                      $550 million.
                                                      [Cruise bought Voyage](https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/15/22331794/cruise-acquires-voyage-self-driving-car-merger). [Aurora merged with Uber's autonomous vehicle unit](https://www.theverge.com/2020/12/7/22158745/uber-selling-autonomous-vehicle-business-aurora-innovation).
                                                      [Delivery robot startup Nuro acquired self-driving truck outfit Ike](https://techcrunch.com/2020/12/23/nuro-acquires-autonomous-trucking-startup-ike/). There
                                                      have been so
                                                      many mergers,
                                                      joint
                                                      ventures, and
                                                      various
                                                      tie-ups lately
                                                      it can be
                                                      difficult to
                                                      keep them all
                                                      straight.

                                                      Where that
                                                      leaves things
                                                      is a little
                                                      unclear. There
                                                      is still money
                                                      flowing to
                                                      these
                                                      companies, and
                                                      nearly all of
                                                      the
                                                      executives,
                                                      engineers, and
                                                      software
                                                      developers
                                                      working on the
                                                      technology
                                                      remain bullish
                                                      about the
                                                      future. But
                                                      there is a
                                                      growing sense
                                                      among experts
                                                      and investors
                                                      that the heady
                                                      days when
                                                      anyone with a
                                                      couple of test
                                                      vehicles, some
                                                      LIDAR, and a
                                                      vision for the
                                                      future could
                                                      launch a
                                                      startup are at
                                                      an end. And
                                                      there will
                                                      definitely be
                                                      more shrinkage
                                                      to come.

                                                      "The
                                                      consolidation
                                                      is long
                                                      overdue," said
                                                      Raj Rajkumar,
                                                      robotics
                                                      professor at
                                                      Carnegie
                                                      Mellon
                                                      University.
                                                      "The AV
                                                      industry has
                                                      promised too
                                                      much for too
                                                      long, and has
                                                      delivered too
                                                      little."  [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/22423489/autonomous-vehicle-consolidation-acquisition-lyft-uber)  Hmmmm... Yup!.  So far most of the
                                                      revenue is
                                                      from
                                                      Safe-driving
                                                      and
                                                      Self-Driving.
                                                      Driverless
                                                      revenue is
                                                      still
                                                      essentially at
                                                      zero.
                                                      However,
                                                      Driverless
                                                      deserves some
                                                      halo -effect
                                                      revenue
                                                      because had
                                                      Elon not
                                                      created the
                                                      halo that
                                                      autoPilot was
                                                      Driverless, he
                                                      may not have
                                                      sold nearly as
                                                      many Teslas
                                                      and maybe
                                                      almost no
                                                      autoPilot.  He
                                                      certainly
                                                      would not have
                                                      sold any
                                                      FSDs...
                                                      (which are
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      and NOT
                                                      Driverless.).
                                                      Alain

Issues in Autonomous Vehicle Testing and Deployment

B. Canis, Updated April 23, “Autonomous vehicles have the potential to bring major improvements in highway safety. Motor vehicle crashes caused an estimated 36,096 fatalities in 2019; a study by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) has shown that 94% of crashes involve human error…. “  Read more   Hmmmm…Sorry.. human misbehavior! Right from the first sentence, this report is in dire need of another update.  While facts about the state of the recent Federal legislative initiatives are accurate, the continued perspective that this technology address first (and foremost (implied)) human error, rather than human misbehavior and barely address opportunities for substantially enhanced mobility for those not having access to a personal automobile is truly unfortunate. Alain

Accurate GPS Needed to Measure Climate Change

D.Furchtgott-Roth, May 5, “President Biden, in his address to Congress, described climate change as one of the “crises of our time,” along with pandemics, terrorism, and mass migration. To resolve that crisis, it is vital to safeguard the Global Positioning System (GPS), which is used to measure how the climate is changing.

                                                      Shoring up GPS
                                                      is a
                                                      shovel-ready
                                                      project. The
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Department is
                                                      ready to roll
                                                      out a plan.
                                                      Earlier this
                                                      year the
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      published a
                                                      report on 11
                                                      different
                                                      technologies
                                                      to back up and
                                                      complement GPS
                                                      if satellites
                                                      went down.

                                                      Today –
                                                      Wednesday, May
                                                      5, at 2 pm –
                                                      leaders of the
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Department's
                                                      Office of
                                                      Research and
                                                      Technology in
                                                      three
                                                      different
                                                      Administrations—Biden,
                                                      Trump, and
                                                      Obama—will
                                                      join together
                                                      in a webinar
                                                      hosted by
                                                      George
                                                      Washington
                                                      University's
                                                      Space Policy
                                                      Institute to
                                                      discuss the
                                                      report and t[he need to strengthen GPS](https://www.eventbrite.com/e/what-technologies-can-secure-gps-tickets-150834212189#).... "  [Read more](https://www.realclearscience.com/articles/2021/05/05/why_we_need_to_reinvest_in_gps_775792.html)  Hmmmm...Absolutely necessary to
                                                      protect and
                                                      improve.
                                                      Alain

Tesla refutes Elon Musk’s timeline on ‘full self-driving’

K. Korosec, May 7, “What Tesla CEO Elon Musk says publicly about the company’s progress on a fully autonomous driving system doesn’t match up with “engineering reality,” according to a memo that summarizes a meeting between California regulators and employees at the automaker.

                                                      The memo,
                                                      which
                                                      transparency
                                                      site Plainsite
                                                      obtained via a
                                                      Freedom of
                                                      Information
                                                      Act request
                                                      and
                                                      subsequently
                                                      released,
                                                      shows that
                                                      Musk has
                                                      inflated the
                                                      capabilities
                                                      of the
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      advanced
                                                      driver
                                                      assistance
                                                      system in
                                                      Tesla
                                                      vehicles, as
                                                      well the
                                                      company's
                                                      ability to
                                                      deliver fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      features by
                                                      the end of the
                                                      year. ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2021/05/07/tesla-refutes-elon-musks-timeline-on-full-self-driving/) Hmmmm...Wonder what he'll say
                                                      during [SNL tonight](https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/8/22421873/elon-musk-snl-jokes-thud-why). I'm certain it will be
                                                      entertaining.
                                                      [Andrew Hawkin's take on this](https://www.theverge.com/2021/5/7/22424592/tesla-elon-musk-autopilot-dmv-fsd-exaggeration).  Alain

Nixing the Fix: An FTC Report to Congress on Repair Restrictions

                                                      Staff, May
                                                      2021, "The
                                                      Federal Trade
                                                      Commission
                                                      ("FTC" or
                                                      "Commission")
                                                      submits this
                                                      report
                                                      pursuant to
                                                      Congress's
                                                      directive for
                                                      the Commission
                                                      to report to
                                                      the Committees
                                                      on
                                                      Appropriations
                                                      of the House
                                                      and Senate
                                                      regarding
                                                      anticompetitive
                                                      practices
                                                      related to
                                                      repair
                                                      markets.1 When
                                                      directing the
                                                      Commission to
                                                      issue this
                                                      report,
                                                      Congress noted
                                                      that it "is
                                                      aware of the
                                                      FTC's ongoing
                                                      review of how manufacturers—in particular mobile phone and car manufacturers—may limit
                                                      repairs by
                                                      consumers and
                                                      repair shops,
                                                      and how those
                                                      limitations
                                                      may increase
                                                      costs, limit
                                                      choice, and
                                                      impact
                                                      consumers'
                                                      rights under
                                                      the
                                                      Magnuson-Moss
                                                      Warranty Act."
                                                      Congress
                                                      specifically
                                                      directed the
                                                      FTC to include recommendations on how to best address these problems...."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/8huu22bk2c5y8p8/FTC%20Report%20on%20Repair%20Restrictions%205.6%2C21-1.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm...  Interesting detail about
                                                      ensuring
                                                      competition in
                                                      the car
                                                      business.
                                                      Alain

Pop Up Metro USA Intro 09 2020

H. Posner’77, Sept 13, 2020. “Creating Value for Light Density Urban Rail Lines”  . See slidesSee video Hmmmm… Simply Brilliant. Alain

                                                      font-family:
                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;">4th[Annual Princeton](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210128)SmartDrivingCar Summit [It is over!!!](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210325)
                                                      Now time to
                                                      actually do
                                                      something in
                                                      the Trentons
                                                      of this
                                                      world.

Making Driverless Happen – The Road Forward (Updated)

                                                      K. Pyle, April
                                                      18, ""It's
                                                      time to hit
                                                      the start
                                                      button," is [Fred Fishkin's](https://www.techstination.com/)
                                                      succinct way
                                                      of summarizing
                                                      the next steps
                                                      in the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey.
                                                      Fiskin, along
                                                      with the LA
                                                      Times' [Russ Mitchell](https://twitter.com/russ1mitchell?lang=en) co-produced the final session
                                                      of the [2021 Smart Driving Car Summit, Making It Happen – Part 2](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210415).
                                                      This 16th and
                                                      final session
                                                      in this
                                                      multi-month
                                                      online
                                                      conference not
                                                      only provided
                                                      a s[ummary of the thought-provoking speakers](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/), but
                                                      also provided
                                                      food for
                                                      thought on a
                                                      way forward to
                                                      bring mobility
                                                      to "the
                                                      Trentons of
                                                      the World."

                                                      Setting the
                                                      stage for this
                                                      final session,
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      provided
                                                      highlights of
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey that
                                                      started in
                                                      late December
                                                      2020.  Safety,
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      and affordable
                                                      mobility,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for those who
                                                      do not have
                                                      many options,
                                                      was a common
                                                      theme to the
                                                      2021 Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit. As
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      the conference
                                                      organizer put
                                                      it,....." [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/)
                                                      Hmmmm.... We
                                                      had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken!  Alain

Ken Pyle’s Session Summaries of 4th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit:

15th Session    Making it Happen - Part One: Elected Officials’ Role in Creating a Welcoming Environment in the Trentons of this World

14th Session    What Will Power Safely-driven Cars

13th Session    Improving the Moving of Goods

12th Session    3/18/21 Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

11th Session    3/11/21 Incentivizing Through Regulation

10th Session    3/04/21 Incentivizing Through Insurance

9th Session    2/25/21  Can Level 3 be Delivered?

8th Session    2/18/21  Who Will Build, Sell and Maintain Driverless Cars?

                                                      [Michael Sena's Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/yfzscinfy41vrka/Sena_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0), [Glenn Mercer Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/8x4sd97vrifa9r9/Mercer_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0)

7th Session    2/11/21  Finally Doing It

6th Session    2/ 4/21   Safe Enough in the Operational Design Domain

5th Session    1/28/21 At the Tipping Point

4th Session    1/21/21 Why Customers are Buying Them

3rd Session    1/14/21 The SmartDrivingCars We Can Buy Today

2nd Session1/ 7/21  A Look into the Future1st Session:12/17/20Setting the Stage

Kornhauser & He, April 2021 “Making it Happen:  A Proposal for Providing Affordable, High-quality, On-demand Mobility for All in the “Trentons” of this World”

Orf467F20_FinalReport “Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System” Kornhauser & He, March 2021 “AV 101 + Trenton Affordable HQ Mobility Initiative”

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

Sunday Supplement

Half-Baked

Click-Bait

Calendar of Upcoming

                                                      Events

The 2021 TRB Annual

Automated Road Transportation Symposium

Virtual on July 12-15, 2021

5th Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

Fall 2021 Live in Person To be Announced

June 9, 2021, Fully virtual

                                                      13.5pt;
                                                      font-family:
                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;">

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

K. Lockean’s AV Research Group at U of Texas

and

                                                      [The SYMPOSIUM ON THE FUTURE NETWORKED CAR 2021 VIRTUAL EVENT](https://www.itu.int/en/fnc/2021/Pages/default.aspx)

 R. Shields, 22 - 25 March, “Recordings from the conference:

Session 1 plus opening: (Regulatory): https://youtu.be/UcDC8gXiUFk

                                                      Session 2: ([Cybersecurity](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)):
                                                      [https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)

                                                      Session 3: [(Automated Driving Systems](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)):
                                                      [https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)

                                                      Session 4: [(Communications for ADS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)) :
                                                      [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)

Read more Hmmmm… Russ, thank you for sharing! Alain

###

These editions are sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information head to www.motoetf.com

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 211, Zoom-Cast Episode 211 w/ Michael Sena, Editor of The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, May 1 , “There’s plenty of combustion around the issue of banning internal combustion engines (ICE). Consultant and The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins us for a look at what makes sense…and what doesn’t. Plus #Tesla, #Toyota, #Volkswagen, #Baidu and progress in Florida. …”

 SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 210, Zoom-Cast Episode 210 w/Ken Pyle & Louis Aaron’23

F. Fishkin, April 26 , “Passengers at the Las Vegas Convention Center are about to get their first taste of the new underground mobility service from #Elon​ Musk’s The Boring Company. Princeton student Louis Aaron has been working there and he joins Viodi View Managing Editor Ken Pyle, Princeton’s Alain ..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 209, Zoom-Cast Episode 209 w/Clifford Winston, Brookings Inst.

F. Fishkin, April , “The Texas #Tesla crash that killed two continues to make headlines. The impact on the electric and automated vehicle industries? From the Brookings Institution, senior fellow Clifford Winston joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at what the real focus should be on..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 208, Zoom-Cast Episode 208 w/Prof. Stephen Still, U. of Buffalo

F. Fishkin, April 18, “What does it take to bring about mobility for all in the real world? With help from the federal DOT and a team at the University of Buffalo…some big steps are being taken there. Professor Stephen Still joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus, Tesla, Uber, Cruise and more on Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 207, Zoom-Cast Episode 207 w/Selika Josiah Talbott

F. Fishkin, April 10 , “When a driverless vehicle crashes…what should passengers, other vehicle owners, law enforcement and first responders do? American University Professor Selika Josiah Talbott says the time for planning is now. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Apple and more in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 206, Zoom-Cast Episode 206 w/Stan Young, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

F. Fishkin, April 2, “When it comes to future mobility, what will fuel the vehicles? How can the shortcomings of electric vehicles be overcome? Stanley Young, Mobility Systems team lead for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 205, Zoom-Cast Episode 205 w/Michael Sena; Editor The Dispatcher. President, MLSena Consulting

F. Fishkin, March 26, “Every driverless car should take the same tests that we take..and have the same responsibilities. So says Michael L. Sena in the latest edition of The Dispatcher. He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the latest from Tesla and more…on Episode 205 of Smart Driving Cars…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 204, Zoom-Cast Episode 204 w/Andrew Rose, President, OnStar Insurance Services

F. Fishkin, March 15, “.With GM aiming to upend the car insurance industry, the President of the automaker’s new OnStar Insurance Services, Andrew Rose joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What advantages will OnStar insurance bring to the table…and a look at the future of auto insurance..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 203, Zoom-Cast Episode 203 AV 101: A. Kornhauser

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 13,
                                                      ".GM's move to
                                                      transform auto
                                                      insurance
                                                      through OnStar
                                                      Insurance:
                                                      Is it a win,
                                                      win for
                                                      all?      Is
                                                      adaptive
                                                      cruise control
                                                      prompting some
                                                      drivers to
                                                      speed?     And
                                                      what does
                                                      Tesla really
                                                      mean by "full
                                                      self
                                                      driving"?
                                                      Just some of
                                                      the questions
                                                      tackled  in
                                                      the latest
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin."
                                                      [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 202](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-202), [Zoom-Cast Episode 202](https://youtu.be/Hj3GmnTqfdk) President
                                                      & CEO,
                                                      RoadDB

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 3, "When
                                                      will we be
                                                      able to
                                                      purchase cars
                                                      that can
                                                      largely drive
                                                      themselves?
                                                      It may not be
                                                      long...but
                                                      don't expect
                                                      to vacate the
                                                      driver's
                                                      seat.  That's
                                                      the view of
                                                      entrepreneur,
                                                      tech pioneer
                                                      and RoadDB CEO
                                                      Russ
                                                      Shields.   He
                                                      takes an in
                                                      depth look at
                                                      where we are
                                                      and where
                                                      we're headed
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 201](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-201), [Zoom-Cast Episode 201](https://youtu.be/n5oEfvBrWa8)
                                                      w/Michael
                                                      Sena,
                                                      Publisher of The
                                                      Dispatcher

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 26,
                                                      "Smarter cars
                                                      need smarter
                                                      assembly...and
                                                      location
                                                      matters.   The
                                                      Dispatcher
                                                      publisher
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for a
                                                      look at that,
                                                      politics,
                                                      climate and
                                                      carmakers...plus
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Velodyne,
                                                      Foxconn and
                                                      more.." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 200](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-200), [Zoom-Cast Episode 200](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVHQuwNT4eY&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Edwin Olsen,
                                                      CEO, May
                                                      Mobility

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 22, "How
                                                      May Mobility
                                                      is building
                                                      confidence in
                                                      autonomous
                                                      transportation
                                                      and creating a
                                                      road map for
                                                      growth through
                                                      the pandemic
                                                      and beyond.
                                                      CEO and
                                                      co-founder
                                                      Edwin Olson
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that and
                                                      more."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 199, Zoom-Cast Episode 199 w/Marc Scribner, Senior Transportation Policy Analyst, Reason Foundation

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 19, "How
                                                      the Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      & Congress
                                                      can pave the
                                                      path for
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles.
                                                      Reason
                                                      Foundation Sr.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Policy Analyst
                                                      Marc Scribner
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      focus on
                                                      what's next.
                                                      Plus jobs and
                                                      autonomous
                                                      trucking,
                                                      Waymo, GM,
                                                      Ford and
                                                      more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 198](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-198), [Zoom-Cast Episode 198](https://youtu.be/G7wnT9StV5Q)
                                                      w/Dick Mudge,
                                                      CEO, Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      &
                                                      Technology

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 13, Which
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      companies will
                                                      be the last
                                                      standing?
                                                      And does
                                                      private
                                                      ownership of
                                                      self driving
                                                      cars make
                                                      sense?
                                                      Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      President Dick
                                                      Mudge joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Tesla, GM,
                                                      Toyota and
                                                      more..." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 197](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-197), [Zoom-Cast Episode 197](https://youtu.be/1DXuNFbaxIc) w/Michel
                                                      Parent,
                                                      Founding
                                                      Member of
                                                      SuburVan

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 5, "Smart
                                                      mobility
                                                      innovation in
                                                      France.    Dr.
                                                      Michel Parent
                                                      founding
                                                      member of
                                                      SuburVan is
                                                      aiming to
                                                      provide fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility on
                                                      the outskirts
                                                      of Paris and
                                                      more.    He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Ford, GM,
                                                      Tesla, VW and
                                                      more...."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 196, Zoom-Cast Episode 196 w/Steve Polzin, Recently US DoT

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "Will
                                                      more safe
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology
                                                      dampen the
                                                      push for
                                                      driverless
                                                      mobility?
                                                      Measuring the
                                                      progress and
                                                      challenges
                                                      ahead with Dr.
                                                      Steven
                                                      Polzin..former
                                                      Sr. Advisor,
                                                      Office of the
                                                      Ass't.
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      Research and
                                                      Technology in
                                                      the DOT. He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin
                                                      ... plus GM
                                                      going zero
                                                      emission,
                                                      Tesla, Waymo
                                                      and more.."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 195 Zoom-Cast Episode 195 w/Diana Furchtgott-Roth, G. Washington U.

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "What
                                                      progress has
                                                      been made
                                                      towards
                                                      smarter, safer
                                                      mobility? The
                                                      push for a
                                                      back-up to
                                                      GPS. Why the
                                                      jump in
                                                      vehicle
                                                      fatalities
                                                      last year?
                                                      Those issues
                                                      and more as
                                                      former deputy
                                                      assistant U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      research and
                                                      technology
                                                      Diana
                                                      Furchtgott
                                                      Roth joins us. Plus...Microsoft, Cruise, Tesla and more on Smart Driving Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin. SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 194](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-194) [Zoom-Cast Episode 194](https://youtu.be/hK4Fj6erScY)
                                                      w/Anuj
                                                      Pradhan, UMass

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 15,
                                                      ""When it
                                                      comes to
                                                      vehicle safety technology...should manufacturers be sharing instead of competing?
                                                      Should there
                                                      be
                                                      standardization?
                                                      Anuj Pradhan,
                                                      co-director of
                                                      the Human
                                                      Performance
                                                      Lab at UMASS
                                                      Amherst joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest
                                                      from GM,
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Mobileye, Nio
                                                      and more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 193](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-193) [Zoom-Cast Episode 193](https://youtu.be/OETxB_wzkDw)
                                                      w/Bobby
                                                      Hambrick,
                                                      AutonomousStuff

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 8, "Bobby
                                                      Hambrick
                                                      started
                                                      AutuonomouStuff
                                                      in a barn in
                                                      Morton,
                                                      Illinois....and
                                                      has pioneered
                                                      much of the
                                                      technology
                                                      moving the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      industry
                                                      forward, now
                                                      as part of
                                                      Hexagon. Bobby
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      look back and
                                                      look ahead.
                                                      Plus...Apple,
                                                      Hyundai,
                                                      Waymo, Tesla
                                                      and more! "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 192 Zoom-Cast Episode 192 w/Danny Shapiro, nVIDIA

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 30,
                                                      "NVIDIA
                                                      continues on a
                                                      roll powering
                                                      the Zoox robo
                                                      taxi unveiled
                                                      this month by
                                                      Amazon.
                                                      NVIDIA senior
                                                      director of
                                                      automotive
                                                      Danny Shapiro
                                                      outlines the
                                                      progress and
                                                      looks ahead to
                                                      2021 in the
                                                      latest Smart
                                                      Driving Cars
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin. "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 191  Zoom-Cast Episode 191 w/ Louis Aaron’23 and Joel Johnson

F. Fishkin, Dec. 20, “College student Joel Johnson has been keeping a log of dozens of trips in Waymo’s self driving service in Chandler, Arizona, and posting videos on YouTube. Louis Aaron’23, another student, has been working with Elon Musk’s Boring Company in Las Vegas. The two share their experiences with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 190  Zoom-Cast Episode 190 w/Chris Urmson, Aurora

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 15, "With
                                                      Aurora taking
                                                      over Uber's
                                                      self driving
                                                      efforts,  what
                                                      is on the
                                                      horizon for
                                                      the start up
                                                      whose leaders
                                                      have roots at
                                                      Waymo,  Tesla
                                                      and Uber?
                                                      Co-founder and
                                                      CEO Chris
                                                      Urmson joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin in
                                                      this special
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 187  Zoom-Cast Episode 187 w/Michael Sena,  The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, Nov 25, “What you should know about electric cars, climate change and more.  The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye opening edition of Smart Driving Cars..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 186  Zoom-Cast Episode 186 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Report

F. Fishkin, Nov 24, “When it comes to active driver assistance systems, what works and what needs improvement? Some answers from Kelly Funkhouser… program manager for vehicle interface, head of connected and automated vehicles at Consumer Reports.  She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for episode 186 of Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 185  Zoom-Cast Episode 185 w/Dan Smith, Waymo F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “Only Waymo has been transporting customers in driverless vehicles without a safety monitor on board. What goes into that kind of decision? Waymo Assistant General Counsel Dan Smith joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in this special edition of Smart Driving Cars.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 184  Zoom-Cast Episode 184 w/Marjory Blumenthal, Rand F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “So when are driverless vehicles safe enough to be deployed? Senior Rand Corporation policy researcher Marjory Blumenthal joins Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to examine her latest report and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 183 Zoom-Cast Episode 183 w/Kirsten Korosec F. Fishkin, Nov 13, “Rivian’s hands free driver assistance will be standard equipment…while Ford unveils the E-Transit. TechCrunch Senior Transportation reporter and editor Kirsten Korosec joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Nuro, Tesla, Uber, Lyft, Cruise and more. Plus the coming changes for mobility under a new administration!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 182 Zoom-Cast Episode 182 F. Fishkin, Nov 6, “What will a new administration mean for autonomous mobility? And what about the passage of Proposition 22 in California after Uber’s big campaign? That plus luxury EVs coming from Bentley….and cheap EVs from China. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 181 Zoom-Cast Episode 181  w/Sheldon Sandler & Glenn Mercer F. Fishkin, Oct. 30, “Waymo releases self driving data…while traditional car dealers enjoy surprisingly strong profits during the pandemic. Why?  What about the coming autonomous mobility? Bell Air Partners’ Sheldon Sandler and researcher-consultant Glenn Mercer explain in Episode 181 of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.  “

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 180  Zoom-Cast Episode 180 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo, part 2 F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Ford and Argo AI have unveiled their next generation self-driving test vehicle. Once again, Ford’s Director of Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to unveil the technology and the company’s self driving business plans.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 179 Zoom-Cast Episode 179 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Which autonomous vehicle platforms will survive? The director of Ford’s Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development says there may only be two…and Ford /Argo AI will be one of them. John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 178  Zoom-Cast Episode 178 w/Andrew Hawkins, Verge F. Fishkin, Oct. 9, “Here we go! Waymo going fully driverless in Phoenix suburb service. The Verge senior transportation reporter Andrew Hawkins joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla… Amazon… Rivian and more. Subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 177    Zoom-Cast Episode 177

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Oct. 2, "New
                                                      grades for
                                                      assisted
                                                      driving
                                                      systems from
                                                      Euro NCAP.
                                                      But Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      says the devil
                                                      is in the
                                                      details in
                                                      this edition
                                                      with co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin.
                                                      And there's
                                                      Amazon's
                                                      success
                                                      against Covid
                                                      plusTesla,
                                                      Uber, GM,
                                                      Nikola and
                                                      more. SmartDrivingCars [Pod-Cast Episode 176](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-176)  [Zoom-Cast Episode 176](https://youtu.be/lHjSTXH-GGchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHvG6Aqt6fk&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Marc
                                                      Scribner

F. Fishkin, Sept. 25, “A new government entity to oversee autonomous vehicles? Marc Scribner, Sr. Transportation Policy Analyst at the Reason Foundation on regulation and more with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Tesla, Nikola, GM and the California move to ban new gasoline vehicles.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 175   Zoom-Cast Episode 175 w/Michael Sena F. Fishkin, Sept. 18, “Automobility and the future of car dealers… “The Dispatcher” publisher Michael Sena offers a different take on how car dealers may battle automakers pushing for direct to consumer subscriptions. That and more in this edition of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 174 Zoom-Cast Episode 174 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Reports

F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 173 Zoom-Cast Episode 173  w/Nathanial Beuse F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 172Zoom-Cast Episode 172  Special Edition w/Danny Shapiro

F. Fishkin ,Sept. 2, “Mercedes unveils the latest S Class with more computing power than 60 average cars…with NVIDIA playing a big role. NVIDIA’s Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 171Zoom-Cast Episode 171 w/Henry Greenidge

SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 170  ZoomCast Episode170  w/Michael Sena SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 169 ZoomCast Episode 169  w/Anthony Townsend SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 168 ZoomCast Episode 168  w/Olaf Sakkers SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 167  ZoomCast Episode167  w/Robin Chase, Carlos Pardo & Daniel Sperling SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 166ZoomCast Episode 166 w/Jay Rodgers’95, CEO Local Motors

F. Fishkin, July 20, “Is Driverless home delivery the fastest route to Affordable Mobility for the Mobility Disadvantaged? … “

SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 165,ZoomCast Episode165 w/Michael Sena

F. Fishkin 16, “Is the option to buy a car at a dealership going to vanish? The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena has a provocative perspective in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..an update on the Amazon Zoox deal, autonomous vehicles and how they can help battle discrimination in transportation, TuSimple, Mobileye, Uber, Tesla and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast 164 Episode 164,   Zoom-Cast Episode 163 w/Robbie Diamond

F. Fishkin, July 9, “Fostering economic opportunity through autonomous technology is the focus of an upcoming report from Security America’s Future Energy. Founder and CEO Robbie Diamond shares details and more in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus ..are armed police officers really needed for traffic enforcement? And the latest from Tesla, Waymo and more.  …” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 163Zoom-Cast Episode 163  w/Henry Greenidge F. Fishkin, July 2, “Transportation, racial injustices and changing the thinking around the future of mobility. NYU McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy & Research fellow Henry Greenidge joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye and mind opening episode of Smart Driving Cars. Plus Amazon, Zoox, Waymo, Tesla & more. .”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 162,  Zoom-Cast Episode 162  w/Cliff Winston

F. Fishkin, June 25, “From the Brookings Institution, Cliff Winston, co-author of Autonomous Vehicles…The Road to Economic Growth? joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..why are fatal crash rates rising in the midst of a pandemic…plus NVIDIA, Didi, Tesla and more.”

                                                      Episode 004  [Insurance: For or Against SmartDrivingCars?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHlPaNmjeag&feature=youtu.be)

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 23, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

Listen/Watch more  Hmmm…   We only scratched the surface. Alain SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 161,Zoom-Cast Episode 161   w/Alberto Stochino F. Fishkin, June 17, “Is less data sometimes more when it comes to driverless vehicle technology? Perceptive Founder and CEO Alberto Stochino joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the DOT’s new plan for sharing autonomous safety information, the latest from Tesla, EVs from China and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 160Zoom-Cast Episode 160  w/Jessica Cicchino F. Fishkin, June 12, “Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Research VP Jessica Cicchino co-authored a new study saying self driving vehicles could struggle to eliminate most crashes.   She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to discuss the study.  Plus the latest on Tesla, Ford & VW, Covid-19 and more.  ”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 159,  Zoom-Cast Episode 159  w/Kara Kockelman F. Fishkin, June 4, “Prof. Kara Kockelman’s focus on smart transportation to save lives, money and the environment has made her a sought after global expert.  The U. of Texas Transportation Engineering Professor joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin on the impact of Covid-19 and much more. Plus Tesla, Uber, Argo AI and the top smart driving headlines. For more on Dr. Kockelman’s work….please visit…  http://www.caee.utexas.edu/prof/kockelman.”

                                                      DrivingTheDebate
                                                      Episode 003  [Everyone's for Connectivity; but...](https://youtu.be/DMNLH_fkcI4) F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 2, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 158,  Zoom-Cast Episode 158  w/Chunka Mui

F. Fishkin, May 28, “In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, what are the smartest ways to re-build and plan for the future? Futurist and author Chunka Mui joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Amazon, Zoox, Intel Mobileye, Tesla, Uber and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 157,  Zoom-Cast Episode 157 w/Grayson Brulte

F. Fishkin, May 21, “Global auto makers must completely re-think their autonomous mobility strategy as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. So says innovation strategist Grayson Brulte of Brulte & Company….who joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Waymo, Tesla, Uber and more.”

  DrivingTheDebate Episode 002  The Future of Public Roadway Transit F. Fishkin, May 14, ”Will the Bus be Thrown Under the Bus?…

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 156,  Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 156  w/Danny Shapiro2 F. Fishkin, May 14, “With new hardware and software capabilities NVIDIA is expanding into new areas of driver assistance technology. Sr. Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus the latest on Waymo, Voyage, Ford and more. listen and subscribe!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 155,Zoom-Cast Episode 155  w/Alex Roy2 F. Fishkin, April 29, “The continuing impact of Covid-19 on autonomous vehicle progress. But it may not be all bad news. Alex Roy…host of the No Parking Podcast and Director of Special Operations at Argo AI joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Intel, Lyft, Uber and more. Listen and subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 154Zoom-Cast Episode 154   w/Dan Sperling F. Fishkin, April 29, “Can ride sharing rebound after the pandemic? Daniel Sperling, founding director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Waymo, Ford and more.”

   DrivingTheDebate Episode 001 The Driverless “New Normal” Debate F. Fishkin, April 27,

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 153Zoom-Cast Episode 153   w/Dick Mudge2

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 152,Zoom-Cast Episode 152  w/Brad Templeton

SmartDrivingCars Podcast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

 SmartDrivingCars Zoom-Cast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 147 - Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 142 - J. Hughes

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 141- A. Roy

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 139- Randal O’Toole

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 138-Nick Zart

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 136

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 135 - with Jim Atkinson

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 130 with Dick Mudge & Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 112 - J. Hardiman NJM

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 110 - Lance Elliot

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 108 3rd Summit Wrapup

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 107 3rd Summit Leilei Shinohara & Staff Sergeant Terence McDonnell

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 106 3rd Summit David Kidd & Cecillia Feeley

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 104 3rd Summit Anil Lewis & Katherine Freund

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 97 - Michael Sena’69

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 71-Nader’55

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 69 - Chunka Mui

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 65 - Bernard Soriano, CA DMV

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 58-Keith Code,Motorcycles

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 55-Larry Burns, Autonomy

Recent Highlights of:

                                                      51, 255);">

                                                      May 1, 2021

                                                      [May 2021 Issue: To Ban or Not to Ban: Should That Be the Question?](http://www.michaellsena.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/The-Dispatcher_May-2021-1.pdf)
                                                      M. Sena, May
                                                      1, " They
                                                      banned spray
                                                      cans with
                                                      chloro-fluorocarbons,
                                                      didn't they?
                                                      Why not ICE?

                                                      TAKING THE
                                                      PLEDGE to stop
                                                      selling cars
                                                      with
                                                      internalcombustion
                                                      engines (ICE).
                                                      That's what
                                                      cities and
                                                      states and
                                                      provinces and
                                                      countries are
                                                      doing all
                                                      around the
                                                      world. It's
                                                      become a
                                                      competition:
                                                      Who will ban
                                                      them

                                                      sooner and who
                                                      are the most
                                                      credible in
                                                      making their
                                                      bans stick?
                                                      Gas stations
                                                      and car repair
                                                      workshops like
                                                      Pee Wee's
                                                      Texaco Service
                                                      Center
                                                      pictured left
                                                      are already
                                                      relics of a
                                                      bygone era.
                                                      How long will
                                                      it take for
                                                      gas pumps to
                                                      disappear?..."
                                                      [Read more](http://www.michaellsena.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/04/The-Dispatcher_May-2021-1.pdf)  Hmmmm... Another great issue
                                                      discussed in [Pod](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-211)/[Zoom](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xNHrvtz0j8k)-Cast Episodes 211 below.  As well as two
                                                      excellent
                                                      articles on
                                                      V2X and the
                                                      continuing
                                                      discussions
                                                      about spectrum
                                                      allocation,
                                                      DSRC and
                                                      Cellular V2x.
                                                      Read these two
                                                      sections
                                                      thoroughly and
                                                      carefully.
                                                      Alain

                                                      April 23, 2021   [Scrutiny of Tesla crash a sign that regulation may be coming](https://apnews.com/article/business-technology-general-news-280521ffcddd7b8d63a15c9d99fc2add) T.
                                                      Krisher, Feb
                                                      19, "The fiery
                                                      crash of a
                                                      Tesla near
                                                      Houston with
                                                      no one behind
                                                      the wheel is
                                                      drawing
                                                      scrutiny from
                                                      two federal
                                                      agencies that
                                                      could bring
                                                      new regulation
                                                      of electronic
                                                      systems that
                                                      take on some
                                                      driving tasks.

                                                      The National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      and the
                                                      National
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Safety board
                                                      said Monday
                                                      they would
                                                      send teams to
                                                      investigate
                                                      the Saturday
                                                      night crash on
                                                      a residential
                                                      road that
                                                      killed two men
                                                      in a Tesla
                                                      Model S.

                                                      Local
                                                      authorities
                                                      said one man
                                                      was found in
                                                      the passenger
                                                      seat, while
                                                      another was in
                                                      the back.
                                                      They're
                                                      issuing search
                                                      warrants in
                                                      the probe,
                                                      which will
                                                      determine
                                                      whether the
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      partially
                                                      automated
                                                      system was in
                                                      use. Autopilot
                                                      can keep a car
                                                      centered in
                                                      its lane, keep
                                                      a distance
                                                      from cars in
                                                      front of it,
                                                      and can even
                                                      change lanes
                                                      automatically
                                                      in some
                                                      circumstances.

                                                      On Twitter
                                                      Monday, Tesla
                                                      CEO Elon Musk
                                                      wrote that
                                                      data logs
                                                      "recovered so
                                                      far" show
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      wasn't turned
                                                      on, and "Full
                                                      Self-Driving"
                                                      was not
                                                      purchased for
                                                      the vehicle.
                                                      He didn't
                                                      answer
                                                      reporters'
                                                      questions
                                                      posed on
                                                      Twitter...."
                                                      [Read more](https://apnews.com/article/business-technology-general-news-280521ffcddd7b8d63a15c9d99fc2add)  Hmmmm...  I'll stand by my
                                                      quote... "..."Elon's
                                                      been totally
                                                      irresponsible,"
                                                      said Alain
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      faculty chair
                                                      of autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      engineering at
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University.
                                                      Musk, he said,
                                                      has sold the
                                                      dream that the
                                                      cars can drive
                                                      themselves
                                                      even though in
                                                      the fine print
                                                      Tesla says
                                                      they're not
                                                      ready. "It's
                                                      not a game.
                                                      This is
                                                      serious
                                                      stuff."..."
                                                      ... even
                                                      though it
                                                      isn't the most
                                                      critical
                                                      comment.

What is more concerning…. “Why didn’t Tesla’s Automated Emergency Braking System prevent the Tesla from hitting the tree?”   The common theme in the Joshua Brown, Elaine HerzbergWalter HuangFiretruck/Derrick Monet, 2nd_Firetruck_Tesla crash …, Teslas seem to disregard stationary objects directly ahead, or certainly doesn’t avoid hitting them enough of the time.   The Tesla code must assume that it can pass underneath them. Can such an egregious oversight in Tesla’s AEB computer code really exist? Is the Society of Automotive Engineers (SAE) involved in this oversight because it has made Tesla and maybe others so adverse to false positives that they simply assume that Teslas can pass under any and all stationary objects in the road ahead? Not a pretty situation. Alain

                                                      [Making Driverless Happen – The Road Forward (Updated)](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/)

                                                      K. Pyle, April
                                                      18, ""It's
                                                      time to hit
                                                      the start
                                                      button," is [Fred Fishkin's](https://www.techstination.com/)
                                                      succinct way
                                                      of summarizing
                                                      the next steps
                                                      in the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey.
                                                      Fiskin, along
                                                      with the LA
                                                      Times' [Russ Mitchell](https://twitter.com/russ1mitchell?lang=en) co-produced the final session
                                                      of the [2021 Smart Driving Car Summit, Making It Happen – Part 2](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210415).
                                                      This 16th and
                                                      final session
                                                      in this
                                                      multi-month
                                                      online
                                                      conference not
                                                      only provided
                                                      a s[ummary of the thought-provoking speakers](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/), but
                                                      also provided
                                                      food for
                                                      thought on a
                                                      way forward to
                                                      bring mobility
                                                      to "the
                                                      Trentons of
                                                      the World."

                                                      Setting the
                                                      stage for this
                                                      final session,
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      provided
                                                      highlights of
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey that
                                                      started in
                                                      late December
                                                      2020.  Safety,
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      and affordable
                                                      mobility,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for those who
                                                      do not have
                                                      many options,
                                                      was a common
                                                      theme to the
                                                      2021 Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit. As
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      the conference
                                                      organizer put
                                                      it,

                                                      "We want the
                                                      value [of safe driving and driverless] to
                                                      be captured by society."....." [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/)
                                                      Hmmmm.... We
                                                      had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken!  Alain

                                                      April 17, 2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

                                                      [UB, partners receive $8.2 million to help vulnerable populations with transportation issues](https://engineering.buffalo.edu/home/news/seas.host.html/content/shared/university/news/news-center-releases/2021/02/020.detail.html?utm_source=Buffalo+Engineer+Newsletter&utm_campaign=9bde50071a-BUFFALO_ENG_NEWSLETTER_2017_10_31_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_39e94e67af-9bde50071a-197212690)
                                                      P. Murphy, Feb
                                                      18,
                                                      "University at
                                                      Buffalo
                                                      researchers
                                                      are part of an
                                                      $8.2 million
                                                      effort to
                                                      improve
                                                      transportation
                                                      options for
                                                      vulnerable
                                                      people in the
                                                      City of
                                                      Buffalo.

                                                      The project,
                                                      called
                                                      "Complete Trip
                                                      Deployment,"
                                                      is led by
                                                      Virginia-based
                                                      ICF
                                                      International
                                                      and funded by
                                                      an $8.2
                                                      million U.S.
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      grant.

                                                      The project
                                                      brings
                                                      together
                                                      researchers
                                                      from the
                                                      School of
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Applied
                                                      Sciences
                                                      (SEAS) and the
                                                      School of
                                                      Architecture
                                                      and Planning
                                                      (SAP), who
                                                      will serve as
                                                      technical
                                                      leaders.

                                                      Local partners
                                                      include the
                                                      Niagara
                                                      Frontier
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Authority,
                                                      Buffalo
                                                      Niagara
                                                      Medical
                                                      Campus, Inc.,
                                                      Niagara
                                                      International
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Technology
                                                      Coalition, New
                                                      York State
                                                      Department of Transportation, and the City of Buffalo.

                                                      The project
                                                      focuses on
                                                      addressing the
                                                      transportation
                                                      needs of three
                                                      distinct
                                                      populations:
                                                      people with
                                                      mobility,
                                                      visual and
                                                      hearing
                                                      disabilities,
                                                      people living
                                                      in low-income
                                                      neighborhoods
                                                      and older
                                                      adults."  [Read more](https://engineering.buffalo.edu/home/news/seas.host.html/content/shared/university/news/news-center-releases/2021/02/020.detail.html?utm_source=Buffalo+Engineer+Newsletter&utm_campaign=9bde50071a-BUFFALO_ENG_NEWSLETTER_2017_10_31_COPY_01&utm_medium=email&utm_term=0_39e94e67af-9bde50071a-197212690)  Hmmmm...  Absolutely the right
                                                      focus and
                                                      absolutely
                                                      necessary.
                                                      Alain

                                                      April 2, 2021

                                                      [Waymo Chief John Krafcik Resigns, Co-CEOs Tapped To Run Alphabet's Self-Driving Tech Giant](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2021/04/02/waymo-chief-john-krafcik-resigns-co-ceos-tapped-to-run-alphabets-self-driving-tech-giant/?sh=2921a28b65ca) A.
                                                      Ohnsman, April
                                                      2, "John
                                                      Krafcik, the
                                                      auto industry
                                                      veteran who's
                                                      run Waymo for
                                                      over five
                                                      years, is
                                                      stepping down
                                                      as CEO of the
                                                      Alphabet Inc.
                                                      self-driving
                                                      tech giant and
                                                      is being
                                                      replaced by
                                                      two
                                                      high-ranking
                                                      company
                                                      executives.

                                                      ...Takedra
                                                      Mawakana,
                                                      Waymo's chief
                                                      operating
                                                      officer, and
                                                      Dmitri Dolgov,
                                                      its long-time
                                                      CTO, are both
                                                      being promoted
                                                      to co-CEOs,
                                                      the company
                                                      said. Krafcik
                                                      will continue
                                                      to work with
                                                      Waymo as an
                                                      advisor.

                                                      "After 5
                                                      exhilarating
                                                      years leading
                                                      this team,
                                                      I've decided
                                                      to depart from
                                                      my CEO role at
                                                      Waymo &
                                                      kick-off new
                                                      adventures,"
                                                      he said on
                                                      Twitter. "To
                                                      start, I'm
                                                      looking
                                                      forward to a
                                                      refresh
                                                      period,
                                                      reconnecting
                                                      with old
                                                      friends &
                                                      family, and
                                                      discovering
                                                      new parts of
                                                      the
                                                      world."..."  [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/alanohnsman/2021/04/02/waymo-chief-john-krafcik-resigns-co-ceos-tapped-to-run-alphabets-self-driving-tech-giant/?sh=2921a28b65ca)  Hmmmm...  John, thank you for a
                                                      fantastic 5
                                                      years and for
                                                      keeping Waymo
                                                      focused on
                                                      bringing
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      all.  Doing
                                                      good for many
                                                      isn't easy.
                                                      Enjoy and
                                                      thank you!!
                                                      Alain
                                                      March 26, 2021   [Labor to DOT: Scrap Trump administration's automated vehicles plan](https://www.freightwaves.com/news/labor-to-dot-scrap-trump-administrations-automated-vehicles-plan) J.
                                                      Gallagher,
                                                      March 24, "Two
                                                      prominent
                                                      labor unions
                                                      want the U.S.
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (DOT) to
                                                      reject the
                                                      Trump
                                                      administration's
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle (AV)
                                                      strategy for
                                                      relying too
                                                      much on the
                                                      viewpoint from
                                                      industry
                                                      without enough
                                                      attention paid
                                                      to potential
                                                      damage to
                                                      worker safety
                                                      and jobs.

                                                      The 38-page [Automated Vehicles Comprehensive Plan](https://www.transportation.gov/sites/dot.gov/files/2021-01/USDOT_AVCP.pdf) (AVCP),
                                                      one of the
                                                      last documents
                                                      released for
                                                      public comment
                                                      by DOT under
                                                      Secretary
                                                      Elaine Chao
                                                      before she
                                                      left the
                                                      administration
                                                      in January,
                                                      laid out the
                                                      previous
                                                      administration's
                                                      vision for
                                                      integrating
                                                      AVs – both
                                                      cars and heavy
                                                      trucks – into
                                                      the U.S.
                                                      transportation
                                                      system.

The plan received 23 comments before the comment period closed on Tuesday, with trucking technology companies generally supporting the strategy and labor rejecting it.

“This document doubles down on the previous administration’s irresponsible, hands-off approach to AV deployment and regulation and mostly boosts the agency’s role as cheerleader and enabler rather than safety regulator,” wrote John Samuelsen, international president of the Transport Workers Union of America (TWU), which represents transit workers….” Read more Hmmmm…  One might suggest that TWU’s position is enormously short sighted. Transit pre_Covid served 1% of the person-miles in the US. That is a niche of a niche.  During Covid, almost anyone who could affords a car and didn’t have one, bought one. Transit ridership took an enormous hit. Even with enormous subsidy, Transit, especially bus transit, is hardly ever the “mode of choice” for anyone because its level-of-service is fundamentally poor. It serves relatively few locations, loosely connected by a route which delivers service only at infrequent fixed times. Essentially no other consumer commodity today operates with so little regard to its customer’s real-time needs and desires.  Even network television has adapted to become demand-responsive as opposed to take-it-or-leave-it.

Conventional transit is labor intensive because it needs a chauffeur for each vehicle and that chauffeur deserves nice working conditions and a living wage. Unfortunately, the service that a chauffeur can deliver can’t attract enough customers to make that service a going concern. However, an automated driver can arguably deliver demand-responsive service while having the total cost of its working conditions and level-of-effort be substantially less than a TWU driver.  This might let a Transit entity to actually develop a going concern that would serve 10x or more person-miles and create better paying and better working conditions for all TWU members.

More importantly, there is no downside for the TWU with these automated drivers.  If they aren’t substantially better than a TWU driver, they won’t be adopted by any Transit operator.  If they are, they’ll so improve the level-of-service that ridership will boom and there will be better jobs for all TWU members and more.  There is no downside here. All of this is in the TWU’s best interests. Alain March 19, 2021

                                                      [Tesla's "Full Self Driving" Beta Is Just Laughably Bad and Potentially Dangerous](https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/car-technology/news/a30186/tesla-autopilot-crash-employees-worried/) M.
                                                      Hogan, March
                                                      19, "A beta
                                                      version of
                                                      Tesla's "Full
                                                      Self Driving"
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      update has
                                                      begun rolling
                                                      out to certain
                                                      users. And
                                                      man, if you
                                                      thought "Full
                                                      Self Driving"
                                                      was even close
                                                      to a reality,
                                                      this [video of the system in action](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=antLneVlxcs) will certainly
                                                      relieve you of
                                                      that notion.
                                                      It is perhaps
                                                      the best
                                                      comprehensive
                                                      video at
                                                      illustrating
                                                      just how
                                                      morally
                                                      dubious,
                                                      technologically
                                                      limited, and
                                                      potentially
                                                      dangerous
                                                      Autopilot's
                                                      "Full Self
                                                      Driving" beta
                                                      program
                                                      is...." [Read more](https://www.roadandtrack.com/new-cars/car-technology/news/a30186/tesla-autopilot-crash-employees-worried/)
                                                      Hmmmm...
                                                      The [Video](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=antLneVlxcs)is MUST watch.  This is what I
                                                      would call a "Semi-SelfDriving
                                                      Alpha"
                                                      product in
                                                      this
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (non-dense
                                                      city/commercial
                                                      suburban
                                                      streets,
                                                      during
                                                      daylight, in
                                                      clear weather
                                                      with moderate
                                                      temperature
                                                      conditions).

Drivers have four (4) “responsibilities”. 1. Feet/foot on/near the pedals, 2. Hand(s) on the wheel, 3. Eyes on the road, and 4. Butt in the driver’s seat (and possibly 5…. Have reasonable cognitive brain functions). If the Operational Design Domain is a straight lane with a slight downgrade and nothing else around, my “55 Chevy” can “Self-drive” and even be “Driverless”. I don’t even have to be in it.  However, we must all agree, that we can’t call my “55 Chevy” a “Driverless” car. We can’t even call it a Self-driving because I’m going to need to have my butt is the driver’s seat to do something when the ODD changes (the road turns , …) and it is, at best, Semi-Self driving because my eyes will need to be on the road for me to realize that the “55 Chevy” is about to exit its ODD. It is going to need help from me to not crash.

So Elon’s FSD is definitely Semi-SelfDriving because its ODD doesn’t come close to including many of the situations that it found in its video journey above.  It is Alpha because any potential user can be expected to have little if any idea what is required to use this product without getting hurt. So,  please be very careful out there and don’t stop paying attention to the road ahead!!! Alain

Saturday, March 13, 2021

                                                      [General Motors Aims to Transform Auto Insurance Industry with OnStar Insurance](https://www.dropbox.com/s/96y8p2x2hpet1zr/GM_OnStar%20Auto%20Insurance%20Launch%20Media%20Advisory.pdf?dl=0)

                                                      Press Release,
                                                      March 11, "GM
                                                      announced it
                                                      will take its
                                                      relentless
                                                      focus on
                                                      safety and
                                                      delivering a
                                                      world-class
                                                      customer
                                                      experience one
                                                      step further
                                                      with [OnStar Insurance](https://www.onstarinsurance.com/). ...  OnStar Insurance
                                                      Services
                                                      intends to
                                                      leverage its
                                                      unique
                                                      understanding
                                                      of the
                                                      vehicles GM
                                                      produces to
                                                      offer..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/96y8p2x2hpet1zr/GM_OnStar%20Auto%20Insurance%20Launch%20Media%20Advisory.pdf?dl=0)
                                                      Hmmmm.... See
                                                      Kornhauser's [Automated Driving of Road Vehicles 101: Why, What, Where, When](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e9gnpjre1oqsbyd/AutomatedVehicleTechnologiesWhyWhatWhenWhere.pdf?dl=0).  Also:

Given that:

1.  “>90%” crashes involve driver misbehavior;

2.  OEMs are including more SmartDriving technology in cars.  That technology comes in two part:     a.  SafelyDriven technology which “works” essentially everywhere, all the time to avert crashes by mitigating driver misbehavior, see #1 above..

        i. Examples: anti-lock brakes, electronic stability control, automated emergency braking, blind spot warning, …)        ii. Liability/Insurance implications: the better these work the lower the expected liability, the lower the expected LOSS and the happier the company that insures their owners. 😁!         iii. OnStar/GM Insurance Advantage: They know earlier and better how well these systems can be expected to work. They designed and tested the systems before they put them in the showroom and have “the data” to compute better expected liabilities by driver characteristics and thus be better able to craft and price an insurance product for each purchaser of a GM vehicle. Simply, they will be better able to “know when to hold ‘em .. know when to fold ‘em … they can better know what’s comin’”.

    b.  SelfDriving technology which works only some of the time and some of the places  (Don’t worry, as soon as they work all of the time and all of the places it will be a very big deal and you’ll know it, but don’t hold your breath.)

Nor do any of them perform better than an average driver that is not misbehaving. Again, don’t hold your breath. Consequently these systems are Comfort & Convenience features that, at best, should not degrade safety.  To not degrade safety, these systems must work properly when engaged by the driver and the driver must not engage them when and where these systems aren’t going to work properly. (… Drivers must not misbehave in the use of these systems (… Use these systems outside their certified Operational Design Domain, ODD)).

            i. Examples: Cruise Conroe (Feet-off , but required the driver to steer (Hands-on), be aware and alert (Eyes-on) and be seated in the driver’s seat (Butt-in), and available only in a certain speed range, lane-grade range, doesn’t respond to traffic signals, doesn’t work if there is a stationary object in the lane ahead, …); Automated lane keeping ({Feet-on, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-in}, but only if proper lane markings exist); Automated parking ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out} all starting from speed zero in an area that is recognized by the systems as a parking opportunity); StupidSummon ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out}, but only available within the driver’s own property), “Level3” ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-off, Butt-in}, but only on some certified in real time road segments.)

            ii. Liability/Insurance implications: To date these systems have been sold on a “buyer beware” basis in that all liability implications of their use fell on the shoulders of the driver and their insurer. Consequently, misuse of these systems was the driver’s/insurer’s “problem”. Unfortunately, misuse of these systems and the resulting degradation of safety can be expected to cause regulators to insist that future versions of these SelfDriving technologies must include monitoring systems that preclude them from being available, let alone be used, outside of their real-time Operational Design Domain(ODD) for which their functionality has been “certified by the OEM” to not degrade safety.  This “floor” for safety can be expected to be that experienced by an average non-misbehaving driver in similar driving situations.

This implies that if a crash happens during the use of one of these systems, it is 1. one of these “rare” events in which the driver was not misbehaving. The insurer is dragged in and may well be liable (This is what insurance is supposed to be all about), or 2. the system failed in its automated driving function.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable  from a product liability standpoint or 3. the driver was mis-behaving in the use of the system. This means that the system failed in precluding the system’s use.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable from a product liability standpoint.

3. Implications on Insurer:   Let: $Aij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in and possibly having to pay damages” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a “Rare events” crash, or crashes, over the duration of the insurance policy.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      is largely a
                                                      function of
                                                      the kinds of
                                                      driving driver
                                                      i is going to
                                                      do.  Its
                                                      estimation is
                                                      independent of
                                                      any
                                                      proprietary
                                                      product
                                                      information
                                                      held by GM.
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      is not
                                                      advantaged.)

$Bij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash, or crashes, resulting from the failure of features j to avoid the crash when driver i was misbehaving.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      SafelyDriven
                                                      technology
                                                      didn't perform
                                                      perfectly.
                                                      Given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showroom,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      allows
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

$Cij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash when the System was engaged  and the incident occurred outside the System’s certified ODD.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      automated
                                                      Comfort&Convenience
                                                      features
                                                      either didn't
                                                      perform as
                                                      well as a
                                                      well-behaving
                                                      driver inside
                                                      the feature's
                                                      certified ODD,
                                                      or driver i
                                                      was able to
                                                      mis-use the
                                                      system by
                                                      engaging it
                                                      outside its
                                                      ODD.  Again,
                                                      given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showrooms,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      also allows
                                                      one to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

In pricing insurance, the insurer must estimate the distribution of expected expenses associated with the crashes driver i can be expected to have in car with features j over the life of the policy and price that insurance product accordingly.

For an outside insurer, call them WB: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $WBij = {$Aij}wb + {$Bij}wb + {$Cij}wb

For GM: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $GMij = {$Bij}gm + {$Cij}gm (They get dragged in to all of the “non-rare” crashes because of product liability responsibility

For OnStar Insurance: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $OSij = {$Aij}os (Since GM is already dragged in, no need for OnStarInsurance to also be drawn in to defend themselves.).

Consequently, OnStar has a fundamental pricing advantage because $OSij « $WBij.  Plus OnStar/GM can better estimate the $Bij and $Cij distributions. Thus OnStar “knows when to hold ‘em..” in the insurance pricing game.

Finally, it is very much in GM’s interest to get its SafelyDriven technologies as perfect as possible so as to minimize {$Bij}gm on every vehicle GM sells and to forbid, as best as possible, the mis-use/availability of it SelfDriving Comfort&Convenience features outside their ODD to minimize {$Cij}gm on every vehicle GM sells.

The above is an extraordinarily strong financial incentive for GM to make its SafelyDriven and Comfort&Convenience automated driving technologies as good as possible and, if they are going to do that, GM might as well also be in the insurance business.  Alain

                                                      [Automated Driving Technologies:  Driving Change in Insurance](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)

                                                      K. Pyle, March
                                                      5, "It is in
                                                      the insurance
                                                      industry's
                                                      best interest
                                                      to use
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      technology to
                                                      make things
                                                      safer through
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance, not
                                                      just crash
                                                      mitigation.
                                                      Unlike crash
                                                      mitigation,
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance
                                                      saves the
                                                      insurance
                                                      company money.
                                                      This was Alain
                                                      Kornhauserâ's
                                                      premise for
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit,
                                                      Incentivizing
                                                      Through
                                                      Insurance. The trillion-dollar question is whether the incentives to automate will
                                                      overcome the
                                                      countervailing
                                                      forces of
                                                      existing
                                                      business
                                                      practices in
                                                      other parts of
                                                      the mobility
                                                      industry?...."
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)
                                                      Hmmmm.... We
                                                      had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken.  Alain

                                                      51, 255);">

                                                      [March 2021 Issue](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena, Feb 23,
                                                      " ... There is
                                                      no way to test
                                                      a car
                                                      virtually...

OEMs are still learning that that today’s cars are not your father’s Oldsmobile.

                                                      Vehicle
                                                      connectivity
                                                      is not
                                                      something that
                                                      is tacked onto
                                                      a car, like a battery-operated portable TOMTOM or GARMIN (or [CoPilot](https://copilottruck.com/)...Michael,
                                                      How could you
                                                      forget?...!)...navigation
                                                      system....

                                                      Driving Neat:
                                                      Can U.S. Take
                                                      Its Cars
                                                      Without
                                                      ICE?..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0)
                                                      Hmmmm... Plus
                                                      much much
                                                      more.
                                                      Enjoy!!! Alain
                                                      2021  [COMMENTARY: How the Biden Administration and Congress Can Pave the Path for Automated Vehicles](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/) M.
                                                      Scribner, Feb.
                                                      11, "Automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology is
                                                      coming; it's
                                                      advancing very
                                                      quickly," said
                                                      now-confirmed
                                                      Secretary of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Pete Buttigieg
                                                      during his
                                                      confirmation
                                                      hearing. “It
                                                      is something
                                                      that holds the
                                                      potential to
                                                      be
                                                      transformative
                                                      and I think in
                                                      many ways
                                                      policy has not
                                                      kept up.”

                                                      Secretary
                                                      Buttigieg is
                                                      absolutely
                                                      correct. The
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Department of Transportation, specifically the National Highway Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      division, has
                                                      a number of
                                                      tools at its
                                                      disposal that
                                                      can be used to
                                                      modernize the
                                                      federal
                                                      regulatory
                                                      environment to
                                                      help speed the
                                                      deployment of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technologies
                                                      that can
                                                      greatly
                                                      enhance
                                                      safety,
                                                      mobility, and
                                                      access for all
                                                      Americans.
                                                      There is also
                                                      an important
                                                      role for
                                                      Congress,
                                                      especially at
                                                      this early
                                                      stage of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      development.

                                                      To support
                                                      reform efforts
                                                      within the
                                                      executive and
                                                      legislative
                                                      branches, my
                                                      new Reason
                                                      Foundation
                                                      policy brief,
                                                      [Challenges and Opportunities for Federal Automated Vehicle Policy](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0),
                                                      lays out
                                                      several steps
                                                      policymakers
                                                      can take to
                                                      adapt the
                                                      automotive
                                                      regulatory
                                                      apparatus to
                                                      automated
                                                      driving system
                                                      technologies.
                                                      The brief is
                                                      broken into
                                                      three main
                                                      sections:
                                                      defining
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles, a
                                                      survey of
                                                      current
                                                      federal
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle policy
                                                      development
                                                      activities,
                                                      and
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for federal
                                                      policymakers.

                                                      The reform
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for
                                                      legislators
                                                      and regulators
                                                      are
                                                      categorized
                                                      under four
                                                      themes: ..." [Read more](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/)
                                                      Hmmmm... Read
                                                      especially: "[CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR FEDERAL AUTOMATED VEHICLE POLICY](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0)".  Included is an extensive
                                                      discussion on
                                                      the SAE Levels
                                                      where Marc
                                                      states: "...most legacy automakers and new
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      developers are
                                                      planning to
                                                      avoid SAE
                                                      Level 3
                                                      altogether.."
                                                      and  "Given
                                                      the wide
                                                      diversity of
                                                      road network
                                                      operating
                                                      conditions,
                                                      achieving SAE
                                                      Level 5 poses
                                                      significant
                                                      challenges...."
                                                      That leaves
                                                      just two very
                                                      different
                                                      classes of AVs
                                                      ...
                                                      Safely-driven
                                                      AVs,
                                                      encompasing
                                                      SAE Levels 1
                                                      & 2, that
                                                      assist and
                                                      support human
                                                      drivers while
                                                      requiring that
                                                      a human driver
                                                      ensures that
                                                      the vehicle
                                                      will be driven
                                                      safely... and
                                                      Driverless
                                                      AVs, SAE Level
                                                      4, where the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      that the
                                                      vehicle will
                                                      be driven
                                                      safely is
                                                      entirely borne
                                                      by the driving
                                                      technology.
                                                      Those are the
                                                      only two
                                                      kinds.  Policy
                                                      should focus
                                                      on only those
                                                      two and get
                                                      those right.
                                                      They are they
                                                      only real
                                                      opportunities
                                                      for this
                                                      technology ...
                                                      one to help
                                                      human drivers
                                                      drive more
                                                      safely and the
                                                      other is to
                                                      drive safely
                                                      without any
                                                      help or
                                                      involvement by
                                                      anyone riding
                                                      long with the
                                                      vehicle.
                                                      Thus, the
                                                      first order of
                                                      business for
                                                      Federal Policy
                                                      is to simplify
                                                      the process by
                                                      concentrating
                                                      on those two
                                                      very diffent
                                                      kinds of AVs
                                                      and get those
                                                      right.  Alain
                                                      2021

                                                      [Biden inherits big traffic safety mess](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      Feb. 4, "...
                                                      "  [Read more](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)
                                                      Hmmmm... If
                                                      the
                                                      driver/owner
                                                      is expected to
                                                      be prepared to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      it is NOT full
                                                      anything,
                                                      period.
                                                      Moreover, if
                                                      the
                                                      owner/driver
                                                      is NOT
                                                      prepared, nor
                                                      permitted to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      the fleet
                                                      operator is
                                                      required to
                                                      accept the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      and "make
                                                      whole" any and
                                                      all
                                                      liabilities
                                                      arising from
                                                      any  and all
                                                      "at fault"
                                                      crashes.
                                                      Until Elon is
                                                      willing to
                                                      step up and
                                                      take on that
                                                      responsibility/liability
                                                      or sell his
                                                      cars
                                                      exclusively to
                                                      operating
                                                      entities that
                                                      assume that
                                                      responsibility
                                                      his Teslas are
                                                      NOT full
                                                      anything, period! Alain
                                                      2021

Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System G. Laniewki, Jan 26. “:…“  Read more Hmmmm… Very nice Nation-wide investigation by my students this past Fall. Alain

                                                      2021

G.M. Will Sell Only Zero-Emission Vehicles by 2035

                                                      N. Boudette,
                                                      Jan. 28, "The
                                                      days of the
                                                      internal
                                                      combustion
                                                      engine are
                                                      numbered.

                                                      General Motors
                                                      said Thursday
                                                      that it would
                                                      phase out
                                                      petroleum-powered
                                                      cars and
                                                      trucks and
                                                      sell only
                                                      vehicles that
                                                      have zero
                                                      tailpipe
                                                      emissions by
                                                      2035, a
                                                      seismic shift
                                                      by one of the
                                                      world's
                                                      largest
                                                      automakers
                                                      that makes
                                                      billions of
                                                      dollars today
                                                      from
                                                      gas-guzzling
                                                      pickup trucks
                                                      and sport
                                                      utility
                                                      vehicles.

                                                      .."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/business/gm-zero-emission-vehicles.html?campaign_id=60&emc=edit_na_20210128&instance_id=0&nl=breaking-news&ref=headline&regi_id=89228009&segment_id=50516&user_id=bb3a3afb7a60246a936251b2f79cc1db)Hmmmm...   Great! (maybe???):   Good
                                                      News:
                                                      Zero emission
                                                      vehicles; Bad
                                                      News: From
                                                      where cometh
                                                      the marginal
                                                      electricity
                                                      that enables
                                                      that
                                                      Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle to
                                                      move and what
                                                      carries that
                                                      electricity to
                                                      the point on
                                                      the road where
                                                      that
                                                      electricity is
                                                      used to power
                                                      that Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle?
                                                      Until we have
                                                      a "Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Battery" and
                                                      all
                                                      electricity is
                                                      created using
                                                      Zero Emission,
                                                      GM cannot
                                                      produce, nor
                                                      sell, Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Vehicles that
                                                      actually move
                                                      (other than [downhill a la Nikola](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2020/09/nikola-admits-prototype-was-rolling-downhill-in-promotional-video/)).  So please tout the
                                                      whole story!!
                                                      (Will these
                                                      EVs be less
                                                      polluting than
                                                      an ICE that GM
                                                      could build
                                                      and sell "by
                                                      2035"? is the
                                                      real
                                                      question.  The
                                                      answer depends
                                                      on where we
                                                      will be with
                                                      electricity
                                                      production and
                                                      distribution,
                                                      the efficiency
                                                      and makeup of
                                                      batteries and
                                                      the
                                                      improvement of
                                                      ICEs. (I
                                                      didn't mean to
                                                      imply that it
                                                      was a simple
                                                      question, but
                                                      the NY Times
                                                      should be more
                                                      than
                                                      click-bait.).
                                                        Alain

                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

                                                      [U Mich's Robert Hampshire joins Biden administration to work in transportation research and technology](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)

                                                      J. Karoub,
                                                      Jan. 21,
                                                      "Robert
                                                      Hampshire,
                                                      associate
                                                      professor at
                                                      the University
                                                      of Michiga's
                                                      Gerald R. Ford
                                                      School of
                                                      Public Policy
                                                      whose research
                                                      and policy
                                                      engagement
                                                      focuses on
                                                      understanding
                                                      the societal,
                                                      climate and
                                                      equity
                                                      implications
                                                      of autonomous
                                                      and connected
                                                      vehicles and
                                                      other
                                                      innovative
                                                      mobility
                                                      services, has
                                                      joined the
                                                      Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      to work in the
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      ..  [Read more](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)
                                                      Hmmmm...  What
                                                      a fantastic
                                                      appointment. Congratulations Robert!  Alain
                                                      2021

                                                      [AUTOMATED VEHICLES:  Comprehensive Plan](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0) E.
                                                      Chao, Jan.
                                                      2021, "The
                                                      Automated
                                                      Vehicles
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan
                                                      (Comprehensive
                                                      Plan)
                                                      describes how
                                                      the United
                                                      States
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (U.S. DOT) is
                                                      supporting the
                                                      safe
                                                      integration of
                                                      Automated
                                                      Driving
                                                      Systems (ADS)2
                                                      into the
                                                      surface
                                                      transportation
                                                      system. It
                                                      explains
                                                      Departmental
                                                      goals related
                                                      to ADS,
                                                      identifies
                                                      actions being
                                                      taken to meet
                                                      those goals,
                                                      and provides
                                                      real-world
                                                      examples of
                                                      how these
                                                      Departmental
                                                      actions relate
                                                      to emerging
                                                      ADS
                                                      applications...
                                                        "  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0)
                                                      Hmmmm...  I
                                                      guess this is
                                                      a good plan.
                                                      Of course,
                                                      Safety is #1,
                                                      as it should
                                                      be. DoT's #1
                                                      public
                                                      responsibility
                                                      is Safety.
                                                      Whether Cyber
                                                      Security and
                                                      Privacy are #
                                                      2 and 3  and
                                                      ahead of
                                                      Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      is certainly
                                                      debatable.
                                                      And if the Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      of the
                                                      "mobility
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      that have been
                                                      left behind by
                                                      our current
                                                      favored
                                                      transport
                                                      system"  were
                                                      to be a
                                                      category, then
                                                      that one
                                                      should be
                                                      right behind
                                                      Safety at #2
                                                      if not ahead
                                                      of Safety and
                                                      a solid #1.
                                                      The rest. as
                                                      they should,
                                                      are
                                                      appropriately
                                                      details.  What
                                                      is most
                                                      disconcerting
                                                      about the
                                                      report are the
                                                      images. To me,
                                                      those images
                                                      depict the
                                                      current
                                                      "haves", not
                                                      "have-nots"
                                                      and thus don't
                                                      really address
                                                      the mobility
                                                      needs and
                                                      desires of
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      enhanced by
                                                      automation
                                                      technology.
                                                      These images
                                                      seem to focus
                                                      the Plan on
                                                      giving those
                                                      that already
                                                      have pretty
                                                      good ways to
                                                      get around,
                                                      yet another
                                                      way to get
                                                      around, where,
                                                      when you
                                                      finally get
                                                      right down to
                                                      it, may at
                                                      best be only
                                                      slightly
                                                      better than
                                                      what they
                                                      already have.
                                                      This
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan should
                                                      first be
                                                      focused on
                                                      providing
                                                      high-quality
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      improved by
                                                      such new
                                                      technologies
                                                      and
                                                      subsequently
                                                      serve those
                                                      that already
                                                      enjoy and can
                                                      afford other
                                                      high-quality
                                                      forms of
                                                      mobility.

Also, Elaine, thank you for a really good 4 years.  You (and USDoT) were really the star of what was otherwise a most embarrassing Presidency. Also, thanks to Diana Furchtgott-Roth and many others in US DoT.  Alain

                                                      January 08,
                                                      2021

  Automatic braking is now on most new cars. But not GM or Fiat Chrysler vehicles C. Isidore, Dec 17, “Automatic braking, once a feature available exclusively to high-end cars, is becoming common across the industry, according to analysis from Consumer Reports and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

                                                      .. "  [Read more](https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/17/business/automatic-braking/)
                                                      Hmmmm... Set
                                                      up for the [3rd session of the SDC Summit](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210114).
                                                      Alain

                                                      December 11,
                                                      2020

                                                      [Uber, After Years of Trying, Is Handing Off Its Self-Driving Car Project](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/07/technology/uber-self-driving-car-project.html)

  Nikola Teaches GM a Lesson S. Wilmot, Nov 30, “Nikola Corp. NKLA 0.76% isn’t turning out to be the next Tesla that investors and    were hoping for. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Lessons for many in this endeavor.  See alsoAndrew Hawkin’s take as well as David Morris’.  Alain

 The Vehicle Fuel Debate Has Been Hijacked

M. Sena, Nov. 19, “The lead article this month was inspired by a diagram I received showing how much of the energy that we generate to heat our homes, light up our rooms, make the concrete and steel to build our infrastructure and power our transportation is wasted. It’s over two-thirds. Wasted! Half of it is from producing electricity.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)Hmmmm... What can I say?? Another great
                                                      edition of the
                                                      Dispatcher. Be
                                                      sure to read
                                                      all the way
                                                      through
                                                      including  "[Musings of a Dispatcher: Cars are from Mars](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)".  Enjoy and listen/watch the
                                                      following [Pod](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-187)/[Zoom](https://youtu.be/eyGCKObQ4e0)-casts.
                                                      Alain

  Waymo’s Safety Methodologies and Safety Readiness Determinations N, Webb, Oct. 30, “As the world’s most experienced developer of automated driving systems, Waymo has extensive experience in developing and applying state-of-the-art safety methodologies. Waymo’s methodologies help implement Waymo’s forward-looking safety philosophy: Waymo will reduce traffic injuries and fatalities by driving safely and responsibly, and will carefully manage risk as we scale our operations. Waymo’s safety methodologies, which draw on well established engineering processes and address new safety challenges specific to Automated Vehicle technology, provide a firm foundation for safe deployment of our Level 4 ADS, which we also refer to as the Waymo Driver. Waymo’s determination of its readiness to deploy its AVs safely in different settings rests on that firm foundation and on a thorough analysis of risks specific to a particular Operational Design Domain )….”  Read more Hmmmm… The process. Must read! Alain

                                                      [Waymo Public Road Safety Performance Data](https://www.dropbox.com/s/6sf4mu1y3f8fr7s/Waymo-Public-Road-Safety-Performance-Data.pdf?dl=0) M. Schwall,
                                                      Oct. 30,
                                                      "Waymo's
                                                      mission to
                                                      reduce traffic
                                                      injuries and
                                                      fatalities and
                                                      improve
                                                      mobility for
                                                      all has led us
                                                      to expand
                                                      deployment of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles (AVs)
                                                      on public
                                                      roads without
                                                      a human driver
                                                      behind the
                                                      wheel.  As
                                                      part of this
                                                      process, Waymo
                                                      is committed
                                                      to providing
                                                      the public
                                                      with
                                                      informative
                                                      and relevant
                                                      data regarding
                                                      the
                                                      demonstrated
                                                      safety of
                                                      Waymo's
                                                      automated
                                                      driving system
                                                      (ADS), which
                                                      we call the
                                                      Waymo
                                                      Driver...." [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/6sf4mu1y3f8fr7s/Waymo-Public-Road-Safety-Performance-Data.pdf?dl=0) Hmmmm...
                                                      The
                                                      substance.
                                                      Must read! ...

I had the priveledge of reviewing Waymo’s most recent Safety Reports 1 , 2 (above)

In the past, safety reports by the AV community have largely been a response to NHTSA’¢s Voluntary Safety Self-Assessments and have, in my opinion, been largely public relations documents. While generally descriptive about the testing processes they contain very little, if any, substantive information about their safety related experience to-date focused exclusively on driverless operation.

Safe driverless operation is absolutely necessary for AVs to evolve from extremely expensive chauffeured rides to affordable mobility available to essentially anyone throughout an Operational Design Domain (ODD). Affordability requires that the mobility be delivered without a driver or attendant on-board the vehicle.  Only passengers.

The decision to remove the driver/attendant rests in part on the shoulders of public safety regulators who need to allow such operation, but more importantly, on the shoulders of the real decision makers at the AV company. In the end, it is those AV company decision makers who will be held fully responsible for any lapse in the safety of the driverless operation. These decision makers are inside the AV companies and are, of course, privy to all the details and substance about their own safety related driverless operation, which, in the past, has not been shared in their Voluntary Safety Self-assessments.

My impression is that these just released Waymo Safety Reports contain the substantive information that clearly depicts Waymo’s safety-related driverless operational experience. To me, they read like internal documents meant to guide and inform internal decision makers to objectively decide if a sufficiently safe operational experience has been achieved in order to vote to fully accept the safety responsibility of driverless operation in their Operational Design Domain.

Given the information that is contained in these documents, it does not surprise me that Waymo decision makers have decided to proceed with driverless operation in the Phoenix Operational Design Domain. Had I had the responsibility of being one of the decision makers reviewing these documents, I would have also voted yes.

                                                      Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,

 Waymo starts to open driverless ride-hailing service to the public

K. Korosec, Oct. 8, “Waymo, the Google self-driving-project-turned-Alphabet unit, is beginning to open up its driverless ride-hailing service to the public.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2020/10/08/waymo-starts-to-open-driverless-ride-hailing-service-to-the-public/)  Hmmmm...  "...fully Driverless...".
                                                      That means
                                                      that Krafcik,
                                                      the Waymo
                                                      "Board",
                                                      Alphabet's
                                                      Board and all
                                                      the lawyers
                                                      have signed
                                                      off and
                                                      said... We are
                                                      safe enough to
                                                      basically bet
                                                      the ranch that
                                                      the expected
                                                      value of the
                                                      mobility that
                                                      we'll be
                                                      putting out on
                                                      the streets
                                                      of our Operational Design Domain, which is under our control,
                                                      is worth
                                                      whatever
                                                      expected risk
                                                      still exists
                                                      that some bad
                                                      things may
                                                      happen.  That
                                                      is an enormous
                                                      hurdle that
                                                      has been
                                                      achieved by an
                                                      entity that
                                                      has an
                                                      enormous
                                                      ranch.  CONGRATULATIONS!!!
                                                      It hasn't come
                                                      easy, nor has
                                                      it come
                                                      without intese
                                                      diligence and
                                                      effort. CONGRATULATIONS!!! Alain
                                                      rgb(51, 51,

                                                      [ASSISTED DRIVING GRADINGS](https://www.euroncap.com/en/ratings-rewards/assisted-driving-gradings/) Staff,
                                                      Oct. 2020  "On
                                                      this page you
                                                      will find the
                                                      gradings of
                                                      cars tested by
                                                      Euro NCAP on
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      technologies.

                                                      September 25,
                                                      2020

                                                      [Proposal for a new UN Regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to Automated Lane Keeping System](https://www.dropbox.com/s/k9aa8x6p4rqjaxd/Level3RegulatonECE-TRANS-WP29-2020-081e.docx?dl=0)

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                       [Tesla's 'Full Self-Driving Capability' Falls Short of Its Name](https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/tesla-full-self-driving-capability-review-falls-short-of-its-name/)

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                       [The Biggest Self-Driving Truck Startup Stumbles in Hitting High Goals](https://www.theinformation.com/articles/the-biggest-self-driving-truck-startup-stumbles-in-hitting-high-goals)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                         [Car OEMs Driving Toward Relevance or Perdition](https://www.dropbox.com/s/ltmk5s3hdpwf6nr/The-Dispatcher_August-2020.pdf?dl=0)

###

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                       [Fostering Economic Opportunity through Autonomous Vehicle Technology](https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_bUHzsV9BSm-tJkKQ6QVNqg)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,

 Announcing 2020-2021 Fellow-in-Residence Henry L. Greenidge, Esq. rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Thursday,

                                                      [Luminaries Battle In Lincoln-Douglas Style Debate About The Future Of Self-Driving Cars](https://www.forbes.com/sites/lanceeliot/2020/04/28/luminaries-battle-in-lincoln-douglas-style-debate-about-the-future-of-self-driving-cars/#35c0455028b6)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,

  What Negative Oil Prices Mean and How the Impact Could Last rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Friday,

  Starsky Robotics Failed. Does That Mean Automated Trucking Is Dead?

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,
                                                      January 31,
                                                      2020

2020 Hyundai Sonata stars in Super Bowl ad all about ‘Smaht Pahk’

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Sunday,
                                                      January 12,

   Hmmmm… Reflections

A. Kornhauser, Jan 12,    Hmmmm…   Self-driving cars are hot and the OEMs are responding. I’m about to buy a new Subaru Outback and EyeSightis standard.  It is no longer just AutoPilot or expensive options that car salesmen don’t sell. Car companies, as reflected in what is in showrooms and what was promoted at CES, have realized the comfort and convenience of Self-driving technology (cars that have a lot of the Safe-driving car features but also enable you to take your feet off the pedals and hands off the wheel at least for short periods of time. These technologies are really becoming the ‘chrome and fins’ that sell cars to individuals in the 2020s. The momentum is all behind that happening and there is little Washington or Trenton or Princeton Council can do about it. Hopefully part of that momentum will be to make these systems actually work well, especially the Automated Emergency Braking Systems (MUST quit assuming that all stationary objects in the lane ahead can be passed under and consequently each is disregarded. As Tesla is finding out, sometimes those objects are parked firetrucks.) and begin to put hard limits on over-speeding, tailgating and use while driver is impaired. Self-driving cars are unfortunately going to lead to substantial urban sprawl, increased VMT, increased congestion and do nothing to help the energy and pollution challenges of our addiction to the personal automobile. Only ‘Waymo-style Driverless’ (autonomousTaxis, (aTaxis)) tuned to entice ride-sharing can potentially stem the tide of ever more personal car ownership and ever expanding urban sprawl. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Monday,
                                                      January 6,
                                                      2020

A. Kornhauser, Jan. 6,    Hmmmm…   I’m in rehab and hope to go home on Wednesday morning. Thank you to so many of you for all the good wishes and prayers.  They each helped. I’m looking to making a full recovery. Remember, if you don’t feel well, get evaluated by a doctor.  I was totally clueless about what hit me from out of nowhere. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      November 23,
                                                      2019 [Self-driving car capital? One senator thinks it can be Florida](https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/article237625484.html)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      September 28,
                                                      2019 [Public forum will explore possibility of transit on demand in Princeton](https://planetprinceton.com/2019/09/22/public-forum-will-explore-possibility-of-transit-on-demand-in-princeton/)

                                                      November 22,

  Market Framework and Outlook for Automated Vehicle Systems

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Wednesday,
                                                      October 24,

New Jersey Pending Legislation re: Autonomous Vehicles

Oct 16, Establishes fully autonomous vehicle pilot program A4573 Sponsors: Zwicker (D16); Benson (D14)

Oct 16, EstablishesNew Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force AJR164Sponsors: Benson (D14); Zwicker (D16); Lampitt (D6)

                                                      Oct 16, [Directs MVC to establish driver's license endorsement for autonomous vehicles A4541](https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/A5000/4541_I1.PDF) Sponsors:
                                                      Zwicker (D16);
                                                      Benson (D14);
                                                      Lampitt
                                                      (D6)..."  [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NVIDIA-Self-Driving-Safety-Report-2018.pdf)Hmmmm.... Things are
                                                      beginning to
                                                      move in New
                                                      Jersey.  Alain

 Testimony of Alain Kornhauser, Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

Audio Recording of Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

 CPUC AUTHORIZES PASSENGER CARRIERS TO PROVIDE FREE TEST RIDES IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES WITH VALID CPUC AND DMV PERMITS

PRELIMINARY REPORT: HIGHWAY: HWY18MH010 (Uber/Herzberg Crash) May 24, “About 9:58 p.m., on Sunday, March 18, 2018, an Uber Technologies, Inc. test vehicle, based on a modified 2017 Volvo XC90 and operating with a self-driving system in computer control mode, struck a pedestrian on northbound Mill Avenue, in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona.

…The vehicle was factory equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions by Volvo Cars, the original manufacturer. The systems included a collision avoidance function with automatic emergency

                                                      braking, known
                                                      as City
                                                      Safety, as
                                                      well as
                                                      functions for
                                                      detecting
                                                      driver
                                                      alertness and
                                                      road sign
                                                      information.
                                                      All these
                                                      Volvo
                                                      functions are
                                                      disabled when
                                                      the test
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      operated in
                                                      computer
                                                      control..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf) Hmmmm....
                                                      Uber must
                                                      believe that
                                                      its systems
                                                      are better at
                                                      avoiding
                                                      Collisions and
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking than
                                                      Volvo's.  At least this gets Volvo
                                                      "off the
                                                      hook".

“…According to data obtained from the self-driving system, the system first registered radar and LIDAR observations of the pedestrian about 6 seconds before impact, when the vehicle was traveling at 43 mph…“ (= 63 feet/second) So the system started “seeing an obstacle when it was 63 x 6 = 378 feet away… more than a football field, including end zones!

“…As the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path…“ (NTSB: Please tell us precisely when it classified this “object’ as a vehicle and be explicit about the expected ”future travel paths.”  Forget the path, please just tell us the precise velocity vector that Uber’s system attached to the “object”, then the “vehicle”. Why didn’t the the Uber system instruct the Volvo to begin to slow down (or speed up) to avoid a collision?  If these paths (or velocity vectors) were not accurate, then why weren’t they accurate?  Why was the object classified as a “Vehicle” ??  When did it finally classify the object as a ”bicycle”?  Why did it change classifications? How often was the classification of this object done.  Please divulge the time and the outcome of each classification of this object. In the tests that Uber has done, how often has the system mis-classified an object as a”pedestrian”when the object was actually an overpass, or an overhead sign or overhead branches/leaves that the car could safely pass under, or was nothing at all?? (Basically, what are the false alarm characteristics of Uber’s Self-driving sensor/software system as a function of vehicle speed and time-of-day?)

“…At 1.3 seconds before impact, (impact speed was 39mph = 57.2 ft/sec) the self-driving system determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision” (1.3 x 57.2 = 74.4 ft. which is about equal to the braking distance. So it still could have stopped short.

“…According to Uber, emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce (eradicate??) the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. …“ NTSB:  Please describe/define potential  and erratic vehicle behavior   Also please uncover and divulge the design & decision process that Uber went through to decide that this risk (disabling the AEB) was worth the reward of eradicating “ ”erratic vehicle behavior”.  This is fundamentally BAD design.  If the Uber system’s false alarm rate is so large that the best way to deal with false alarms is to turn off the AEB, then the system should never have been permitted on public roadways.

“…The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. ” Wow! If Uber’s system fundamentally relies on a human to intervene, then Uber is nowhere near creating a Driverless vehicle. Without its own Driverless vehicle Uber is past “Peak valuation”.

“…The system is not designed to alert the operator. “ That may be the only good part of Uber’s design.  In a Driverless vehicle, there is no one to warn, so don’t waste your time.  If it is important enough to warn, then it is important enough for the automated system to start initiating things to do something about it. Plus, the Driver may not know what to do anyway. This is pretty much as I May 10,  2018   Don’t Worry, Driverless Cars Are Learning From Grand Theft Auto

Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving

announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars Video similar to part of Adam’s Luncheon talk @ 2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec 1.  Hmmm … Watch Video especially at the 13:12 mark. Compelling; especially after the 60 Minutes segment above!  Also see his TipRanks.  Alain

Alain L. Kornhauser, PhD

                                                    Professor,
                                                    Operations
                                                    Research &
                                                    Financial
                                                    Engineering

                                                    Director,
                                                    Transportation
                                                    Program

                                                    Faculty Chair,
                                                    Princeton
                                                    Autonomous
                                                    Vehicle
                                                    Engineering

229 Sherrerd Hall

                                                      Princeton
                                                      University

                                                      Princeton, NJ

                                                      609-258-4657
                                                      (o)

                                                      609-980-1427
                                                      (c)

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