Saturday Nov. 20, 2021

Saturday Nov. 20, 2021

blue; text-decoration: none;”>39th edition of the 9th year of SmartDrivingCars eLetter

A Tesla mystery: Why didn’t auto-braking stop these crashes?

                                                      [In Spanish](https://www.latimes.com/espanol/eeuu/articulo/2021-10-09/por-que-los-sistemas-de-freno-automatico-no-paran-los-accidentes-mortales-de-tesla)

R. Mitchel, Oct 7, “Compared with so-called advanced driver assistance systems such as Autopilot, a forward collision avoidance system is relatively crude. It is designed to answer one question — is a frontal impact imminent? — and respond to danger by sounding a warning and, if necessary, triggering a subsystem called automatic emergency braking. Unlike Autopilot, which must be selected manually and is available only under some driving conditions, automatic emergency braking runs by default unless manually turned off….

Tesla calls its vehicles “the safest cars in the world,” citing their combination of structural engineering and advanced technology. But when it comes to the forward collision avoidance system, Tesla owners have been reporting problems at a substantially elevated rate compared with similarly equipped cars….

“Teslas are running into stationary objects,” said Alain Kornhauser, who heads the driverless car engineering program at Princeton University. “They shouldn’t be.” If the company’s cars can’t avoid crash scenes marked by flares or traffic cones, he said, “how can you trust anything else they do with Autopilot?”…

One possibility, according to Missy Cummings, a former Navy fighter pilot who studies human-machine interaction at Duke University, is that Autopilot is designed to preempt or suppress emergency braking to minimize what’s known as phantom braking.

                                                      "I haven't
                                                      seen the code
                                                      to say how
                                                      Tesla works,
                                                      but I suspect
                                                      the AEB is
                                                      turned off in
                                                      some
                                                      situations,"
                                                      she said. "If
                                                      it were left
                                                      on it may
                                                      detect what
                                                      are called
                                                      phantom
                                                      objects and
                                                      would be
                                                      slamming on
                                                      the
                                                      brakes."... "
                                                      [Read more](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2021-10-07/why-arent-automatic-braking-systems-stopping-deadly-tesla-crashes) Hmmmm...  This story is great and
                                                      is not what
                                                      anyone else
                                                      has written.
                                                      Thank you,
                                                      Russ,  for
                                                      doing all of
                                                      the research
                                                      and hard work
                                                      that you put
                                                      into this
                                                      article.

I agree with Missy,  (I haven’t seen the code either), but, rest assured, a perception algorithm is part of each of Tesla’s automated systems that “drive” their cars some of the time, be it its forward collision avoidance system (FCAS), autoPilot or FSD.  They may each have its own or the best one is used in all three, but each has an FCAS; else, Teslas would never know to invoke any of the driving sub-tasks, like slow down or speed up or stay in the lane, or don’t hit me, or …  If a Tesla perception system detects an objects that doesn’t exist and locates it as being  in the lane ahead, i.e. a “stationary phantom object in the lane ahead”, then that perception system will signal to the automated driving system… to slow down and don’t hit it. If Tesla’s human driver is paying attention to what is going on and, of course, doesn’t see the phantom object (it is phantom = not real), then the alert driver is justified in losing trust that FCAS, autoPilot or FSD is reliable and won’t kill. The erosion of that trust leads to complaints, demands for refunds and substantial problems for Tesla.

Tesla has simply gotten ahead of itself in trying to get to Driverless too quickly, rather than making sure that Automated Emergency Braking (AEB) works better than “good enough”.  My guess is, Tesla perception algorithm simply ignores stationary objects detected in the lane ahead  and those detected to be to the side of the lane ahead.

Ignoring detected stationary objects is perfectly appropriate when following a car ahead. The car ahead didn’t crash into that detected stationary object ahead, so the coast is clear! I’ll be able to pass under/to the side/over it too!   If the car ahead crashes into that object, Its sudden deceleration is readily perceived by the trailing Tesla’s AEB. As long as the Tesla has not been tailgating (which a good AEB should disallow), the Tesla should be able to stop in time to avoid crashing into the new pileup ahead. All easy, and likely not the scenario in any of the NHTSA crash investigations.

Not so easy if the Tesla is the lead vehicle, especially if the vehicle that the Tesla was following suddenly changes lanes and is no longer explicitly confirming that the Tesla’s road ahead is traversable, It is now the Tesla’s job to determine if it can pass under a stationary object in the lane ahead. That is simply not easy to do reliably.  Not easy to determine the clearance under an overpass/sign/traffic light/tree canopy while approaching said overpass/… at any significant speed.  If the object is classified as an overpass/sign/traffic light/tree canopy, the chance are really good that “passing under” is a breeze. However, if classification of the object is uncertain, then all bets are off.

I strongly suspect that Tesla’s perception algorithm disregards all stationary objects ahead when leading as well as when following. NHTSA has to tell Tesla to not do that any more!!! Tesla must go back, essentially to the beginning, and figure out how to reliably determine if it can pass under, beside or over stationary objects detected in the road ahead.  Alain

SmartDrivingCars

                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 236](https://anchor.fm/smartdrivingcars/episodes/The-Tesla-automatic-braking-mystery-e18jqe5)[,](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-230-with-tim-higgins-author-of-power-play) [Zoom-Cast Episode 236](https://youtu.be/g12kXGw-tYk) w/Russ
                                                      Mitchell, LA
                                                      Times Staff
                                                      Writer

###

F. Fishkin, Sept. 30, “The Tesla automatic braking mystery.  Los Angeles Times reporter Russ Mitchell joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to to explore the questions surrounding automatic emergency braking in Teslas and other cars. The systems have to work before there can be autonomous mobility. Plus GM unveils Ultra Cruise, the 5th annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit moves to May and actor William Shatner prepares for liftoff.”

                                                      The
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter,
                                                      Pod-Casts,
                                                      Zoom-Casts and
                                                      Zoom-inars are
                                                      made possible
                                                      in part by
                                                      support from
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      ETF, symbol
                                                      MOTO.   For
                                                      more
                                                      information: [www.motoetf.com](https://www.smartetfs.com/).  Most funding is
                                                      supplied by
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Operations
                                                      Research &
                                                      Financial
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering
                                                      (PAVE)
                                                      research
                                                      laboratory as
                                                      part of its
                                                      research
                                                      dissemination
                                                      initiative

###

5th Annual SmartDrivingCars Summit: Deployment of Equitable Affordable, High Quality Mobility throughout New Jersey

Date Change:   Thursday evening, May 5, through Saturday May 7, 2022.  Live in Trenton, New Jersey.

“Everything” was going well wrt the 5th Summit Nov 18->20; however…

Time is very short, we must focus on the election and the realities of where we remain with Covid really put cold water on some aspects of our vision for November.

Consequently. I’ve become convinced that it is very much better, that we take our time and reschedule for the first week on May 2022 rather than rush for what isn’t as good as could be.

By May we will have received responses to our upcoming RfI for “Equitable … Mobility in Trenton”. We will thus have a better idea on “Who”,  from the “What & How” communities, “Want & Can” Deploy “Equitable … Mobility” starting in Trenton with real expectations of scaling throughout New Jersey.

                                                      In May the [5th Summit](https://www.cartsmobility.com/summit)
                                                      can better
                                                      achieve its
                                                      fundamental
                                                      purpose by
                                                      allowing all
                                                      of us in New
                                                      Jersey to
                                                      better learn
                                                      from others
                                                      around the
                                                      world  the
                                                      "Whats &
                                                      Hows" and have
                                                      the possible
                                                      "Whos" get a
                                                      better
                                                      appreciation
                                                      of the "Equitable
                                                      ... Mobility"
                                                      desires
                                                      of Trentonians
                                                      and other New
                                                      Jersians.

Rescheduling the Summit to be between the RfI and the RfP steps of our Public-Private-Partnership (PPP) Deployment Process, will better enable our Community Engagement initiative to shape our ultimate deployment. We’ll thus deliver even better mobility equitably and best improve quality-of-life in Trenton and throughout New Jersey.

Please pencil into your calendar the new dates of  May 5 (Thursday evening) though May 7 (Trenton Mobility Festival Saturday). 😎   Please let me know if these dates work for you.

Sorry about the delay, but many will be relieved by this change. Plus, early May is really nice in NJ.😁

                                                      Alain This
                                                      [5th Summit](https://www.cartsmobility.com/summit) is
                                                      inspired by
                                                      the many
                                                      levels of
                                                      public-sector,
                                                      community and
                                                      neighborhood
                                                      welcoming and
                                                      support that
                                                      now exists in
                                                      New Jersey for
                                                      the deployment of
                                                      equitable,
                                                      affordable,
                                                      high-quality
                                                      mobility. This
                                                      is now made
                                                      possible by
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      technology
                                                      that is
                                                      especially
                                                      targeted to
                                                      serve
                                                      those who, for
                                                      whatever
                                                      reason, don't
                                                      have access to
                                                      their own
                                                      personal
                                                      car.

The Princeton SDC Summits were initiated in 2017 to provide a venue for the open discussion of how technology, in particular automation, can be shaped to improve mobility of people and goods between and within cities. Early on, we realized that this form of mobility could easily provide yet another alternative to those who are fortunate enough to enjoy one or many high quality mobility options.

But, more importantly, it became obvious that substantial improvement in quality-of-life and equitable mobility can readily be made available to the un-served and under-served. Those who cannot drive themselves, cannot afford the transport alternatives that exist for them, or who live in areas where, for either economic or other reasons, neither public nor private desirable forms of transport are offered. Furthermore, such initial Operational Design Domains (OODs) can be readily expanded and replicated to allow the vast investments continuing to be made in this technology to actually yield their envisioned societal and financial benefits.

The recently completed 4th Summit set the groundwork for these initial deployments to benefit under-served communities. Communities with many households having access to one or fewer cars and with challenged transit alternatives. We concluded the 4th Summit by envisioning a deployment throughout Trenton, NJ, a community where 70% of the households have access to one or fewer cars.

We believe that Trenton is a perfect ODD to begin to deliver equitable, affordable, high-quality mobility.

The opportunity to expand throughout Mercer County and replicate this deployment scenario throughout the State exists and serves as a blueprint for many other “Trentons” of this world.

The groundwork set by the 4th Summit and the NJ Autonomous Vehicle Task Force has enabled us to create a “most welcoming environment” in New Jersey for creating a Public-Private Partnership to deliver this enhanced mobility to the residents of Trenton and all New Jersians. The 5th Summit will focus directly on deploymentin Trenton and will take place in Trenton. We also envision its expansion throughout Mercer County and its replication in and around New Jersey’s other major cities.

The Technical portion of the summit will be in the morning, through lunch, of Friday, May 6 and Saturday, May 7.

Sessions will be free of charge but will require advance registration, as seating will be limited.

The Societal portion focused on engaging the customers of this form of mobility, featuring descriptions, discussions, interactions, exhibits and technology demonstrations, will be free and open to the public, with preference given to Trenton residents on Friday and residents of Mercer County and the rest of New Jersey on Saturday.  Link to Sponsorship Opportunities Link to Draft Program  Link to Registration

GM Announces Ultra Cruise, Enabling True Hands-Free Driving Across 95 Percent of Driving Scenarios

Press release, Oct. 6, “Today, General Motors unveiled Ultra Cruise, an all-new, advanced driver-assistance technology…

Ultra Cruise will cover more than 2 million miles of roads at launch in the United States and Canada, with the capacity to grow up to more than 3.4 million miles. Customers will be able to travel truly hands free with Ultra Cruise across nearly every road including city streets, subdivision streets and paved rural roads, in addition to highways…. “  Read more Hmmmm… Very nice! Really;

however, not only is GM scrambling to follow Elon into the EV world, but is now trying to out-hype him. Bottom line on all of these systems:… the driver must remain vigil, alert and engaged in the task of driving.  GM, just like Tesla, doesn’t know when the “driving scenario” is going to transition from the “95%” to the “5%”. And if something bad happens when your hands are off the wheel and your feet off the pedals and you have a good-looking life-sized doll sitting in the driver’s seat, neither Mary Barra nor Elon Musk have said that they’ll Tweet: “My bad! My responsibility! I’ll make you whole and more! I’ll fix it!  Until they do that, then it means that “Full This” and “Ultra That”, really aren’t Full nor Ultra Anything.

Agency Information Collection Activities; Notice and Request for Comment; Incident Reporting for Automated Driving Systems (ADS) and Level 2 Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS)

                                                      Federal
                                                      Register, Sep.
                                                      30, "The
                                                      National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      (NHTSA)
                                                      invites public
                                                      comments about
                                                      our intention
                                                      to request
                                                      approval from
                                                      the Office of
                                                      Management and
                                                      Budget (OMB)
                                                      for an
                                                      extension of a
                                                      currently
                                                      approved
                                                      information
                                                      collection.
                                                      Before a
                                                      Federal agency
                                                      can collect
                                                      certain
                                                      information
                                                      from the
                                                      public, it
                                                      must receive
                                                      approval from
                                                      OMB.... "  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/9cp3g9j04bkp4fa/NHTSA_Extension_IncidentReporting_ADS_ADAS_093121.pdf?dl=0) Hmmmm...
                                                      Journalistic
                                                      interpretation
                                                      as in [Feds predict at least 200 automated vehicle crashes annually](https://www.freightwaves.com/news/feds-predict-at-least-200-automated-vehicle-crashes-annually).
                                                      Alain

Blue Origin postpones William Shatner’s space flight by a day

K. Lyons, Oct 10, “Jeff Bezos’ spaceflight company Blue Origin said Sunday it will postpone the flight that is slated to fly William Shatner to space due to forecasted high winds at its launch site. The flight of the company’s New Shepard spacecraft is now scheduled for 9:30AM ET on October 13th, a day later than originally planned. It’s targeted to lift off from Blue Origin’s Launch Site One in Texas.

                                                      A [statement](https://www.blueorigin.com/news/new-shepard-ns-18-mission-updates)
                                                      on Blue
                                                      Origin's
                                                      website said
                                                      New Shepard
                                                      NS-18 has met
                                                      all mission
                                                      requirements,
                                                      and the
                                                      astronauts
                                                      have started
                                                      their
                                                      training.
                                                      "Weather is
                                                      the only
                                                      gating factor
                                                      for the launch
                                                      window,"
                                                      according to
                                                      the statement,
                                                      which is
                                                      signed with
                                                      the company
                                                      motto
                                                      "Gradatim
                                                      Ferociter"
                                                      (Latin for
                                                      "step by step, ferociously")...." [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2021/10/10/22719454/blue-origin-postpones-william-shatner-space-flight-new-shepard) Hmmmm...Better
                                                      safe, than
                                                      sorry! I want
                                                      to go too😎.
                                                      Alain

Tesla wants to share ‘Full Self-Driving’ with other automakers when it has yet to deliver it to people who paid for it

                                                      F. Lambert,
                                                      Oct. 8, " At
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      shareholder's
                                                      meeting
                                                      yesterday, CEO
                                                      Elon Musk
                                                      announced that
                                                      Tesla is
                                                      considering
                                                      licensing its
                                                      "Full
                                                      Self-Driving"
                                                      (FSD) software
                                                      to other
                                                      automakers:

I think Tesla’s open to licensing autonomy because I think autonomy will be such a significant lifesaver and preventer of injuries that it is not a technology we want to keep to ourselves. So, I think it will be morally right to license it to other manufacturers if they would like to use it….”

Read more Hmmmm…  This sounds very interesting to me! Originally Elon Tweeted it.  Now announcing it. Alain

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

Sunday Supplement

Half-Baked

Click-Bait

More On….

Re-see:    Pop Up Metro USA Intro 09 2020

H. Poser’77, Sept 13, 2020. “Creating Value for Light Density Urban Rail Lines”  . See slides,  See video Hmmmm… Simply Brilliant.  Alain

   4thAnnual PrincetonSmartDrivingCar Summit  It is over!!! Now time to actually do something in the Trentons of this world.

Making Driverless Happen: The Road Forward (Updated)

                                                      K. Pyle, April
                                                      18, "It's time
                                                      to hit the
                                                      start button,"
                                                       is [Fred Fishkin's](https://www.techstination.com/) succinct
                                                      way of
                                                      summarizing
                                                      the next steps
                                                      in the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey.
                                                      Fiskin, along
                                                      with the LA
                                                      Times' [Russ Mitchell](https://twitter.com/russ1mitchell?lang=en) co-produced
                                                      the final
                                                      session of
                                                      the [2021 Smart Driving Car Summit, Making It Happen: Part 2](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210415).
                                                      This 16th and
                                                      final session
                                                      in this
                                                      multi-month
                                                      online
                                                      conference not
                                                      only provided
                                                      a s[ummary of the thought-provoking speakers](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/),
                                                      but also
                                                      provided food
                                                      for thought on
                                                      a way forward
                                                      to bring
                                                      mobility to
                                                      "the Trentons
                                                      of the World."

                                                      Setting the
                                                      stage for this
                                                      final session,
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      provided
                                                      highlights of
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey that
                                                      started in
                                                      late December
                                                      2020.  Safety,
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      and affordable
                                                      mobility,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for those who
                                                      do not have
                                                      many options,
                                                      was a common
                                                      theme to the
                                                      2021 Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit. As
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      the conference
                                                      organizer put
                                                      it,....." [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken!  Alain

Ken Pyle’s Session Summaries of 4th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit:

15th Session    Making it Happen - Part One: Elected Officials’ Role in Creating a Welcoming Environment in the Trentons of this World

14th Session    What Will Power Safely-driven Cars

13th Session    Improving the Moving of Goods

12th Session    3/18/21 Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

11th Session    3/11/21 Incentivizing Through Regulation

10th Session    3/04/21 Incentivizing Through Insurance

9th Session    2/25/21  Can Level 3 be Delivered?

8th Session    2/18/21  Who Will Build, Sell and Maintain Driverless Cars?

    Michael Sena’s SlidesGlenn Mercer Slides

7th Session    2/11/21  Finally Doing It

6th Session    2/ 4/21   Safe Enough in the Operational Design Domain

5th Session    1/28/21   At the Tipping Point

4th Session 1/21/21  Why Customers are Buying Them

3rd Session    1/14/21 The SmartDrivingCars We Can Buy Today

2nd Session1/ 7/21  A Look into the Future1st Session:12/17/20Setting the Stage

Kornhauser & He, April 2021“Making it Happen:  A Proposal for Providing Affordable, High-quality, On-demand Mobility for All in the “Trentons” of this World”

Orf467F20_FinalReport “Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System” Kornhauser & He, March 2021 “AV 101 + Trenton Affordable HQ Mobility Initiative”

###

Calendar of Upcoming

                                                      Events

5th Annual Princeton  SmartDrivingCar Summit

Spring 2022

Live in Person (Covid permitting)

Trenton, NJ

May 5 (evening) -> 7, 2022

On the More Technical Side http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

K. Lockean’s AV Research Group at U of Texas

and     The SYMPOSIUM ON THE FUTURE NETWORKED CAR 2021 VIRTUAL EVENT

 R. Shields, 22 - 25 March, “Recordings from the conference: Session 1 plus opening: (Regulatory): https://youtu.be/UcDC8gXiUFk

                                                      Session 2: ([Cybersecurity](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)): [https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)

                                                      Session 3: [(Automated Driving Systems](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)): [https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)

                                                      Session 4: [(Communications for ADS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)) : [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso) [Read more](https://www.itu.int/en/fnc/2021/Pages/default.aspx)  Hmmmm...
                                                      Russ, thank
                                                      you for
                                                      sharing!
                                                      Alain

###

These editions re sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information head to www.motoetf.com

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 235, Zoom-Cast Episode 235 w/Michael Sena, Editor, The Dispatcher

###

F. Fishkin, Sept. 30, “So what is a car company? Appearances can be deceiving. Join The Dispatcher publisher & consultant Michael Sena on Episode 235 of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus much more on the upcoming summit and mobility for all… “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 234, Zoom-Cast Episode 234 1st Preview of 5th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

###

F. Fishkin, Sept. 26, “Tesla reportedly has built 300 thousand cars in Shanghai so far this year despite the chip shortage. FedEx & Aurora partner for autonomous trucking in Texas.   And dramatic developments in advance of the upcoming 5th annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.  Tune in to Smart Driving Cars… and subscribe..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 233, Zoom-Cast Episode 233 w Prof. Adriano Alessandriniat the U. of Florence

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Sept. 18 "What
                                                      will it take
                                                      to deliver
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility for
                                                      all?  For one
                                                      thing,
                                                      improved road
                                                      systems,  says
                                                      Professor
                                                      Adriano
                                                      Alessandrini
                                                      at the
                                                      University of
                                                      Florence.
                                                      The author of
                                                      The Role of
                                                      Infrastructure
                                                      for a Safe
                                                      Transition to
                                                      Automated
                                                      Driving joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin
                                                      for a spirited
                                                      discussion on
                                                      that, plus
                                                      Waymo and new
                                                      details on
                                                      bringing new
                                                      mobility to
                                                      New Jersey and
                                                      the upcoming
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Car
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 232](https://anchor.fm/smartdrivingcars/episodes/Smart-Driving-Cars-Episode-232-Can-cameras-alone-get-to-driverless-mobility-e16tilm)[,](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-230-with-tim-higgins-author-of-power-play) [Zoom-Cast Episode 232](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=PeGxqFemSWw)
                                                      w [Steven Shladover](https://path.berkeley.edu/steven-e-shladover)

###

F. Fishkin, Sept. 4 “Cameras alone aren’t enough to get Tesla or anyone else to driverless mobility.   So says UC Berkeley’s Steven Shladover, a leading autonomous vehicle research engineer.   He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the need for more regulation from Washington, Waymo, Cruise, Toyota, Motional and more.  Watch or listen to Smart Driving Cars Episode 232 and subscribe!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 231, Zoom-Cast Episode 231 w Michael Sena, Creator of The Dispatcher

###

F. Fishkin, Aug 27, “What’s wrong with the concept of building electric vehicles on a skateboard type platform? Consultant and The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus Tesla, Waymo and more. And the next Princeton Smart Driving Cars Summit is on the way. Watch or listen…and subscribe! Or listen.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 230, Zoom-Cast Episode 230 w/Tim Higgins, author: POWER PLAY: Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century

###

F. Fishkin, Aug 21, “Teslas, Humanoids and Elevators! What Elon Musk and Tesla delivered at AI Day 2021 was insight into the company’s remarkable technology and that may boost recruiting efforts.  So says Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser who is joined by co-host Fred Fishkin and guest Tim Higgins of the Wall Street Journal, author of POWER PLAY… Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century.   AI Day, the NHTSA investigation and Elon Musk hops on the elevator on Episode 230 of Smart Driving Cars!

                                                      Or you can
                                                      listen to
                                                      Episode 230 of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars on
                                                      Tesla's AI Day
                                                      and more with
                                                      guest Tim
                                                      Higgins of the
                                                      Wall Street
                                                      Journal
                                                      ..author of [POWER PLAY... Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century](https://anchor.fm/smartdrivingcars/episodes/Smart-Driving-Cars-Episode-230-Teslas--Humanoids-and-Elevators-e168g34).

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 229Zoom-Cast Episode 229 w/Russ Mitchell, Los Angeles Times

F. Fishkin, Aug 18, “With the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration having opened an investigation into Tesla autopilot crashes involving emergency vehicles…Los Angeles Times reporter Russ Mitchell joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at the issues facing Tesla and other vehicle makers.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 228Zoom-Cast Episode 228 Planes, Trains & Automobiles

F. Fishkin, Aug 13, “Planes, trains and automobiles. From battery powered electric light rail to the confusion over the difference between driver assistance and self driving to Amazon’s new 1.5 billion dollar U.S. air cargo hub…the focus is on the latest in mobility. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for episode 228 of Smart Driving Cars. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 226, Zoom-Cast Episode 226 w/Tim Higgins, author: POWER PLAY: Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century

###

F. Fishkin, July 22, “The Wall Street Journal’s Tim Higgins has a new book arriving August 3rd titled POWER PLAY: Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century.   You can bet it’s a lively discussion with Tim on the latest Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin.    Or listen..  https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-226-with-tim-higgins-author-of-power-play.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 225Zoom-Cast Episode 225 w/Kevin Biesty, Deputy Director for Policy @ Arizona DoT

F. Fishkin, July 22, “Chandler, Arizona is the one place where paying customers can take advantage of driverless robo-taxis (from Waymo) to get where they are going.   How did that happen?  What does the future hold? Kevin Biesty, Arizona’s Deputy Director for Policy at the Department of Transportation,  joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for an in depth discussion. Plus.. Ford, Argo, Lyft, Tesla, Mercedes & more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 224Zoom-Cast Episode 224  w/Selika Josiah Talbot, Principal, Autonomous Vehicle Consulting

F. Fishkin, July 19, “Does there need to be a White House appointed autonomous and electric vehicle  czar to open up new mobility possibilities for all? That’s the view of Selika Josiah Talbott..a government veteran who now heads Autonomous Vehicle Consulting and lectures at American University. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a deeper look at how the technology can be deployed to improve lives.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 223Zoom-Cast Episode 223  w/Richard Mudge, Compass Transp.  & Baruch Feigenbaum, Reason Foundation

F. Fishkin, July 15, “Can Tesla (and others) make automatic emergency braking work? Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser continues his push and is joined by the Reason Foundation’s Baruch Feigenbaum and Compass Transportation & Technology President Dick Mudge along with co-host Fred Fishkin to explore this week’ss Transportation Research Board sessions. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 222Zoom-Cast Episode 222

F. Fishkin, July 11, “Is it time for autopilot to not break the law? Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser says yes.  And if technology can save lives, prevent injuries and crashes shouldn’t it? Plus Richard Branson, Jeff Bezos, Waymo, VW and more on Episode 222 of Smart Driving Cars with co-host Fred Fishkin. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 221Zoom-Cast Episode 221   w/Mark Rosekind, Chief Safety Innovation Officer, Zoox

F. Fishkin, July 1, “With Zoox the Amazon owned autonomous mobility company out with a comprehensive safety report.. Chief Safety Innovation Officer Dr. Mark Rosekind joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What is so different about the Zoox approach to building a vehicle and safety?   What is the company’s vision for future mobility and transportation. Dr. Rosekind fills us in on those issues and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 220Zoom-Cast Episode 220    w/John Thornhill, Innovation Editor, Financial Times

F. Fishkin, July 1, “Sociology not technology will decide the electric car race. That’s a Financial Times headline from a piece written by Innovation Editor John Thornhill…who joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a lively discussion on that…plus Tesla…autonomous mobility and more.   John is also the founder of Sifted.eu.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 219Zoom-Cast Episode 219   w/Michael Sena, Editor, The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, June 29 , “Why couldn’t a smart driving car prevent Alain’s crash with a deer? How important is exact location for highly automated driving?   And NHTSA wants reports on all automated vehicle system crashes.  The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 218Zoom-Cast Episode 218   w/Xinfeng Le, Waymo Product Manager

F. Fishkin, June 10 , “Have questions about Waymo’s partnership with JB Hunt to test autonomous trucks in Texas?  So do we and Waymo’s Product Manager, Xinfeng Le joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin to provide answers. Plus.. Waymo raises 2 and a half billion dollars, MacKenzie Scott gives away billions, start-up Waabi comes out of stealth, Argo AI plans an IPO and more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 217Zoom-Cast Episode 217 w/Christorpher Mims, Columnist, Wall Street Journal

F. Fishkin, June 7 , “Are self-driving cars still decades ahead?  Wall Street Jopurnal columnist and author Christopher Mims joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at the progress and roadblocks. Plus the latest on Tesla, Cruise, the dramatic rise in road deaths during Covid and more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 216Zoom-Cast Episode 216   w/Michael Sena, editor The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, May 28 , “The Future of Mobility is Slowly Coming Into Focus. That’s on top in the June edition of The Dispatcher. From Sweden, publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus better batteries, May Mobility, Tesla and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 215Zoom-Cast Episode 215   w/Cade Metz, Correspondent, NY Times & Ken Pyle, editor, Viodi.com

F. Fishkin, May 27 , “The Costly Pursuit of Self Driving Cars Continues On and On and On.  That’s the headline of a NY Times story this week.  The reporter, Cade Metz, also the author of a new book on artificial intelligence, joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser, co-host Fred Fishkin and guest Ken Pyle of Viodi View..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 214Zoom-Cast Episode 214

F. Fishkin, May 23 , “An interview with the chief engineer behind Ford’s F150 Lightning EV truck…Waymo shares rider stories and the AFL-CIO tells Congress autonomous vehicles should be required to have human operators. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for those stories and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 213Zoom-Cast Episode 213  w/Robbie Diamond; Founder, Securing America’s Future Energy

F. Fishkin, May 14 , “The autonomous mobility competition with China. What will it take to succeed? Securing America’s Future Energy founder Robbie Diamond dives in with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus the latest on #AutoX, #Tesla,  #GM, #TuSimple and more. Remember to subscribe! And check out this SAFE panel discussion too.  “..

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 212Zoom-Cast Episode 212 w/Ken Pyle

F. Fishkin, May 8 , “Where does Waymo go from here?   Is GM really going to market personal autonomous vehicles? Viodi View managing editor Ken Pyle joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at those issues plus Volkswagen, Tesla, Argo and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 211Zoom-Cast Episode 211  w/ Michael Sena, Editor of The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, May 1 , “There’s plenty of combustion around the issue of banning internal combustion engines (ICE). Consultant and The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins us for a look at what makes sense…and what doesn’t. Plus #Tesla,#Toyota#Volkswagen#Baidu and progress in Florida. …”

 SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 210Zoom-Cast Episode 210  w/Ken Pyle & Louis Aaron’23

F. Fishkin, April 26 , “Passengers at the Las Vegas Convention Center are about to get their first taste of the new underground mobility service from Elon Musk’s The Boring Company. Princeton student Louis Aaron has been working there and he joins Viodi View Managing Editor Ken Pyle, Princeton’s Alain ..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 209Zoom-Cast Episode 209  w/Clifford Winston, Brookings Inst.

F. Fishkin, April , “The Texas #Tesla crash that killed two continues to make headlines. The impact on the electric and automated vehicle industries? From the Brookings Institution, senior fellow Clifford Winston joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at what the real focus should be on..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 208Zoom-Cast Episode 208  w/Prof. Stephen Still, U. of Buffalo

F. Fishkin, April 18, “What does it take to bring about mobility for all in the real world? With help from the federal DOT and a team at the University of Buffalo…some big steps are being taken there. Professor Stephen Still joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus, Tesla, Uber, Cruise and more on Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 207Zoom-Cast Episode 207  w/Selika Josiah Talbott

F. Fishkin, April 10 , “When a driverless vehicle crashes…what should passengers, other vehicle owners, law enforcement and first responders do? American University Professor Selika Josiah Talbott says the time for planning is now. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Apple and more in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 206Zoom-Cast Episode 206 w/Stan Young, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

F. Fishkin, April 2, “When it comes to future mobility, what will fuel the vehicles? How can the shortcomings of electric vehicles be overcome? Stanley Young, Mobility Systems team lead for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 205Zoom-Cast Episode 205 w/Michael Sena; Editor The Dispatcher. President, MLSena Consulting

F. Fishkin, March 26, “Every driverless car should take the same tests that we take..and have the same responsibilities. So says Michael L. Sena in the latest edition of The Dispatcher. He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the latest from Tesla and more…on Episode 205 of Smart Driving Cars…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 204Zoom-Cast Episode 204  w/Andrew Rose, President, OnStar Insurance Services

F. Fishkin, March 15, “.With GM aiming to upend the car insurance industry, the President of the automaker’s new OnStar Insurance Services, Andrew Rose joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What advantages will OnStar insurance bring to the table…and a look at the future of auto insurance..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 203Zoom-Cast Episode 203 AV 101: A. Kornhauser F. Fishkin, March 13, “.GM’s move to transform auto insurance through OnStar Insurance: Is it a win, win for all?      Is adaptive cruise control prompting some drivers to speed?     And what does Tesla really mean by “full self driving”? Just some of the questions tackled  in the latest edition of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 202Zoom-Cast Episode 202 President & CEO, RoadDB

F. Fishkin, March 3, “When will we be able to purchase cars that can largely drive themselves? It may not be long…but don’t expect to vacate the driver’s seat.  That’s the view of entrepreneur, tech pioneer and RoadDB CEO Russ Shields.   He takes an in depth look at where we are and where we’re headed with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 201Zoom-Cast Episode 201 w/Michael Sena, Publisher of The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, Feb. 26, “Smarter cars need smarter assembly…and location matters.   The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at that, politics, climate and carmakers…plus Tesla, Velodyne, Foxconn and more..” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 200Zoom-Cast Episode 200 w/Edwin Olsen, CEO, May Mobility F. Fishkin, Feb. 22, “How May Mobility is building confidence in autonomous transportation and creating a road map for growth through the pandemic and beyond. CEO and co-founder Edwin Olson joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.”

Link to previous SDC PodCasts & ZoomCasts

Recent Highlights of:

###

                                                      1, 2021
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">   [Cruise gets the green light to give driverless rides to passengers in San Francisco](https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/30/22702962/cruise-waymo-california-dmv-autonomous-vehicle-permit) A.
                                                      Hawkins, Sep
                                                      30, "Waymo and
                                                      Cruise, two of
                                                      the leading
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      companies in
                                                      the US,
                                                      received
                                                      permits from
                                                      the California
                                                      Department of
                                                      Motor Vehicles
                                                      to offer rides
                                                      to passengers
                                                      in their
                                                      robotaxis.

                                                      But while
                                                      Cruise was
                                                      approved to
                                                      give rides in
                                                      its [fully driverless vehicles](https://www.theverge.com/2021/6/5/22520227/cruise-permit-california-driverless-autonomous-vehicles)
                                                      without safety
                                                      drivers, Waymo
                                                      only is
                                                      allowed to
                                                      deploy its
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles with
                                                      a human
                                                      monitor behind
                                                      the wheel. In
                                                      order to give
                                                      rides to
                                                      paying
                                                      passengers in
                                                      its fully
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles, as
                                                      it does in
                                                      Arizona, the
                                                      Google spinoff
                                                      would need to
                                                      apply for an [additional permit from the California Public Utilities Commission](https://www.theverge.com/2020/11/23/21591045/california-robotaxi-paid-rides-cpuc-permits).
                                                      ... " [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2021/9/30/22702962/cruise-waymo-california-dmv-autonomous-vehicle-permit) Hmmmm... Congratulations Kyle, Robert and everyone else!!!! This is a non-trivial accomplishment!

Given all of the additional knocks on your door that will naturally come your way, we hope that you’ll keep us in mind.  We here in NJ have assembled an enormously welcoming and realistic environment for Deployment to a customer base that will fundamentally benefit and cherish the Equitable, Affordable, High-Quality, Safe Mobility that is delivered by your Driverless Technology.

                                                      Hopefully
                                                      you'll divert
                                                      a little
                                                      bandwidth to
                                                      our upcoming "[5th Annual SDC Summit](https://www.cartsmobility.com/summit)",
                                                      New Jersey's
                                                      next step in
                                                      our process to
                                                      help you and
                                                      possibly
                                                      others get to
                                                      where you've
                                                      gotten in
                                                      California.

                                                      We are new
                                                      kids on the
                                                      block, but
                                                      we've really
                                                      gotten our act
                                                      together to
                                                      work with you
                                                      and others to
                                                      catch up
                                                      quickly and
                                                      really improve
                                                      the
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      for many here
                                                      in New
                                                      Jersey,  and
                                                      the rest of
                                                      the NorthEast.

Again…  Congratulations!  So pleased and so well deserved! Alain

                                                      September 26,
                                                      2021   [Motional Invests in Las Vegas Operations with Expanded Testing, R&D Capabilities](https://motional.com/news/motional-invests-in-las-vegas-operations-with-expanded-testing-r-and-d-capabilities)

Press release, Sep. 23, , “Las Vegas has played an important role in Motional’s growth as a global driverless technology leader. It’s home to our public robotaxi fleet, a service that has safely conducted over 100,000 public rides, and is also an important hub for our testing and research.

                                                      Motional is
                                                      now
                                                      significantly
                                                      expanding our
                                                      Las Vegas
                                                      footprint as
                                                      we continue to
                                                      scale up ahead
                                                      of our 2023
                                                      commercial
                                                      robotaxi
                                                      deployment. We
                                                      are tripling
                                                      the size of
                                                      our Las Vegas
                                                      closed-course
                                                      testing
                                                      facility,
                                                      doubling our
                                                      operations
                                                      center, and
                                                      growing our
                                                      Las Vegas team
                                                      by over 100
                                                      new employees.
                                                      This
                                                      represents
                                                      Motional's
                                                      largest
                                                      operations
                                                      investment in
                                                      the Las Vegas
                                                      area to
                                                      date....."[Read more](https://motional.com/news/motional-invests-in-las-vegas-operations-with-expanded-testing-r-and-d-capabilities) Hmmmm...
                                                      Nice.  Hope
                                                      they choose to
                                                      participate in
                                                      the[5th Summit](https://www.dropbox.com/s/u83belpnnx5gm5b/ProgramDraft1_5thAnnualPrincetonSDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0)
                                                      and look to
                                                      deploying in
                                                      New Jersey.  [See video](https://youtu.be/h7FKlfpu384).  Alain

                                                      September 12,
                                                      2021

                                                      ['It's a Godsend': 9-Cent Taxi Rides in Rural South Korea](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/11/world/asia/south-korea-100-won-taxis.html)

                                                      C.
                                                      Sang-Hun,Sep.
                                                      11, "The group
                                                      were waiting
                                                      for what would
                                                      once have been
                                                      an
                                                      unaffordable
                                                      luxury in this
                                                      rural corner
                                                      of the country
                                                      — a taxi to
                                                      take them
                                                      shopping and
                                                      to doctors'
                                                      appointments
                                                      in the county
                                                      seat 20
                                                      minutes away.

                                                      But even the
                                                      poorest among
                                                      them could
                                                      easily afford
                                                      this ride.
                                                      Each
                                                      passenger's
                                                      share of the
                                                      total fare
                                                      would be
                                                      measured not
                                                      in dollars but
                                                      in cents.

                                                      "It's a
                                                      godsend," said
                                                      one of the
                                                      passengers, Na
                                                      Jeong-soon,
                                                      85..."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/11/world/asia/south-korea-100-won-taxis.html) We can learn something from this, especially in
                                                      looking at the
                                                      real
                                                      opportunity
                                                      with
                                                      autonomousTaxis...
                                                      High-quality
                                                      affordable
                                                      shared
                                                      mobility for
                                                      all. What
                                                      Valley Metro
                                                      included in
                                                      investigating
                                                      in their
                                                      [study below](https://ktar.com/story/4668018/study-with-waymo-shows-riders-prefer-self-driving-vehicles-report-finds/).
                                                      Alain
                                                      September 4,
                                                      2021

                                                      [In a patch of Arizona, everyone knows Waymo. But few use it.](https://www.morningbrew.com/emerging-tech/stories/2021/08/23/patch-arizona-everyone-knows-waymo-use) R.
                                                      Duffy, Aug 23,
                                                      "Chandler,
                                                      Arizona, is a
                                                      city of just
                                                      over 250,000
                                                      that's located
                                                      southeast of
                                                      Phoenix. Like
                                                      most of
                                                      Arizona, it's
                                                      hot, dry, and
                                                      lined with
                                                      cacti and palm
                                                      trees.

                                                      But unlike
                                                      most of
                                                      Arizona—or
                                                      virtually
                                                      anywhere else
                                                      in the
                                                      world—Chandler
                                                      residents
                                                      share the road
                                                      with fully
                                                      driverless
                                                      robotaxis,
                                                      courtesy of
                                                      Waymo. As
                                                      Stacy, a
                                                      Chandler
                                                      resident, told
                                                      us, "Waymos
                                                      are like
                                                      rabbits in my
                                                      neighborhood."

                                                      Since October
                                                      2020, the
                                                      Alphabet
                                                      subsidiary has
                                                      been running
                                                      its driverless
                                                      ride-hail
                                                      service, Waymo
                                                      One, in a
                                                      50-square-mile
                                                      service area
                                                      that
                                                      encompasses
                                                      parts of
                                                      Chandler,
                                                      Tempe, Mesa,
                                                      and Gilbert.
                                                      Anyone with a
                                                      smartphone,
                                                      credit card,
                                                      and GPS
                                                      coordinates in
                                                      the service
                                                      area can hail
                                                      a completely
                                                      driverless
                                                      ride of their
                                                      own.

In December 2018, Waymo opened Waymo One (with safety drivers) to the general public, expanding beyond an early rider program available to pre-approved, NDA-bound Phoenix residents. The company’s current testing zone, for driverless and safety operator-supervised vehicles, stretches across roughly 100 square miles.

                                                      And although
                                                      residents
                                                      living in or
                                                      near the
                                                      service area
                                                      may be used to
                                                      seeing Waymo's
                                                      glossy-white,
                                                      sensor-laden
                                                      Chrysler
                                                      Pacificas
                                                      roving around,
                                                      the chances
                                                      they've ridden
                                                      in one are
                                                      much, much
                                                      lower. .."  [Read more](https://www.morningbrew.com/emerging-tech/stories/2021/08/23/patch-arizona-everyone-knows-waymo-use) As I've been writing, Chandler is a great place to
                                                      test
                                                      Driverless
                                                      mobility to
                                                      make sure it
                                                      at least
                                                      begins to
                                                      work; however,
                                                      the value in
                                                      the technology
                                                      is not as
                                                      amusement or
                                                      thrill ride or
                                                      as circus
                                                      sideshow.  The
                                                      value is its
                                                      ability to
                                                      affordably
                                                      deliver high
                                                      quality
                                                      on-demand
                                                      mobility.  It
                                                      will be a long
                                                      time before it
                                                      can provide a
                                                      higher quality
                                                      of service
                                                      that a
                                                      chauffeured
                                                      "Black car" or
                                                      limousine, so
                                                      it can't
                                                      compete for
                                                      those
                                                      traveling on
                                                      an expense
                                                      account or the
                                                      well to do.
                                                      It also can't
                                                      really compete
                                                      to serve the
                                                      Drive-it-Yourself
                                                      (DiY) folks
                                                      that can
                                                      afford to buy
                                                      their own cars
                                                      and park them
                                                      for free when
                                                      not in use.
                                                      Conventional
                                                      mobility
                                                      serves all of
                                                      these folks
                                                      very well.

Where this form of mobility has a real advantage is to serve folks who are required to conform to mobility whose very limited service is provided on a “take-it-or-leave-it” operational philosophy.  Services that operate between few fixed locations at strictly stipulated times specified by the service provider.  The disparity in service is incredible between mobility options that respond directly to customer needs in terms of from/to/when (walking, DiY personal car, Uber/Lyft/taxi/limousine/WaymoOne) and public transit’s “take-it-or-leave-it” customer service approach.

Consequently, Waymo’s market opportunity is in places where customer demand is by folks who can’t DiY and aren’t on an expense account and can’t afford Uber/Lyft/taxi/limousine.  Places like Trenton, New Jersey where 70% of the households have at most one car as opposed to Chandler where 70% of households have two or more cars.  In Chandler, Waymo has to go far and wide (“50 sq. mi.) to find customers for which the Waymo One service is indeed better than what they already enjoy.  In cities like Trenton, those folks exist in a compact 8 sq. mi. area. Seems like a no-brainer that Waymo Two should be in Trentons. Alain August 27, 2021 blue; text-decoration: none;”>

                                                      [Not So Easy to Pop a Top Hat on a BEV Skateboard, plus more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/jaau5r3mbqetqoj/The-Dispatcher_September-2021.pdf?dl=0)

M. Sena, Issue (08-10) , Aug. 25,” Some of you are fans of Douglas Adamsand will enjoy this month’s Musings. Sometimes a little humor helps to get a serious point across better than trying to be seriously persuasive.

                                                      The lead
                                                      article in
                                                      this issue is
                                                      the first part
                                                      of a two-part
                                                      series. This
                                                      month I
                                                      discuss why
                                                      there is still
                                                      a chance for
                                                      the Western
                                                      automotive
                                                      OEMs to stay
                                                      in the game of
                                                      manufacturing
                                                      cars, rather
                                                      than being
                                                      relegated to
                                                      assemblers of
                                                      battery
                                                      electric
                                                      vehicle
                                                      components.
                                                      Next month I
                                                      examine why
                                                      the position
                                                      they have held
                                                      for the past
                                                      century, King
                                                      of the Hill,
                                                      is about to be
                                                      challenged.

                                                      In the second
                                                      article is
                                                      focused on the
                                                      need for
                                                      cooperation
                                                      between robot
                                                      and driver in
                                                      highly
                                                      automated
                                                      driving. If
                                                      Tesla had done
                                                      a better job
                                                      on this score
                                                      it could have
                                                      avoided being
                                                      called on the
                                                      carpet by the
                                                      National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety Administration. We'll see where that leads.

                                                      Dispatch
                                                      Central, as
                                                      usual,
                                                      attempts to
                                                      have something
                                                      for everyone.
                                                      I've called
                                                      the European
                                                      Commission out
                                                      for a major
                                                      miss in its
                                                      intelligent
                                                      speed
                                                      assistance
                                                      regulation,
                                                      not for
                                                      passing it but
                                                      for not making
                                                      it as robust
                                                      as it should
                                                      be.

                                                      Yes, I did use
                                                      these summer
                                                      months to
                                                      start work on
                                                      a follow-up to
                                                      the Princeton SmartDrivingCars Summit, and I did enjoy a very pleasant summer here in
                                                      Sweden. I hope
                                                      you enjoyed
                                                      your summer as
                                                      well wherever
                                                      and however
                                                      you spent it.
                                                      M. Sena"

Read more Hmmmm… Enjoy & Learn this month’s Dispatcher ( especially how to “… turn… pig’s ear into a silk purse…; no-brainers (P. 17); Some interesting Statistics on World energy & BEVs (P.18, thank you Fred Dryer),  a possible upside for coal mines (P. 19), why ‘Level 3’ is even less probable than ‘Level 5’ which is reached only ‘in the limit as time goes to infinity’ and Evolutionary Domesticity (P. 29) and the answer is ‘42’ ! Listen/watch to the Pod/Zoom-Cast 231 with Michael, Fred and me centered on this issue. Alain

                                                      August 20,
                                                      2021
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

   L4 Autonomous Truck Driving will not be so simple for TuSimple Holdings Inc. (NASDAQ: TSP) Why we believe the Company is All Smoke and Mirrors

Grizzly Research, Aug 10, “ TSP is the one of the latest hot China based IPO of an ambitious autonomous driving technology company, but we believe the company has systematically lied and misrepresented key information. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Devastating. Grizzly is focused on the short side, so read carefully. Bias may exist here.

My “back of the envelope”:  Looks like TuSimple is expecting $0.35/mile revenue for their AV stack on Class 8 trucks.  This is 50% of professional driver costs. Fine if you can eliminate the driver. Not so fine if an attendant is still there.

No way anyone can really begin to eliminate a driver on any stretch of the US interstate highway system for at least 2 years where there is any substantial volume of trucks. The “2 years” assumes that “attended” operation has encountered “few” disengagements, all of which have been appropriately resolved and there have been no “spectacular “ crashes by anyone involving Driverless Trucks in North America. (“Attended” means that there is at least one professional driver overseeing the “driverless” operation. “few”… you pick a number greater than zero. Disengagements… the professional driver intervened so as to avoid a “spectacular” crash. “Spectacular” crash is one that goes viral (Herzberg/Fukushima/Chernobyl/Diana). “2 years” … pick a number….)

Point is…, everyone is still in a substantial testing phase that has similar duration to Waymo’s/GM-Cruise/ Ford-Argo testing phases (5+ years) which necessarily precedes market introduction which then involves its own ramp-up phase (which hasn’t been going well for Waymo and the others haven’t even started.)  So pick a number. During that time, TuSimple’s investors will need to pick up the tab for all of the people and all of the “liDars”, etc. used in testing and marketing initiatives before they can recognize any substantial $0.35/truck-mile revenue (minus any costs of the “AI-driver” software/sensor/processor/communications stack..  pick a number.  In the initial ramp up of sales, this number can easily be greater than $0.35/mile).

TSP better be really good! Plus,  they can’t afford any slip ups, nor have anyone else crash; else, Grizzly is going to do very well thank you. Alain

                                                      August 13,
                                                      2021   [CMU's Posner Lays Track for Future of Rail Transit](https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2021/august/future-of-rail-transit.html) M
                                                      Henninger, Aug
                                                      11, "A bright
                                                      orange,
                                                      battery-powered
                                                      train breaks
                                                      the lush green
                                                      stillness of
                                                      Rockhill
                                                      Furnace,
                                                      Pennsylvania,
                                                      as it
                                                      traverses
                                                      track
                                                      originally
                                                      laid in 1876.
                                                      At the helm in
                                                      a bright
                                                      green/yellow
                                                      safety vest,
                                                      Meg Richards
                                                      tweaks the
                                                      throttle and
                                                      brakes as the
                                                      two-car train
                                                      passes by
                                                      baseball
                                                      fields,
                                                      crosses
                                                      streets and
                                                      completes the
                                                      day's test
                                                      run.

                                                      Along for the
                                                      ride, Henry
                                                      Posner III,
                                                      the chairman
                                                      of Railroad
                                                      Development
                                                      Corporation
                                                      (RDC) and an
                                                      adjunct
                                                      instructor at
                                                      Carnegie
                                                      Mellon
                                                      University,
                                                      sits eager to
                                                      demonstrate
                                                      his vision for
                                                      a rail-based
                                                      mass transit
                                                      system in the
                                                      United States.
                                                      The original
                                                      concept for
                                                      Pop-Up Metro —
                                                      a
                                                      battery-powered,
                                                      modular train
                                                      that can be
                                                      inserted onto
                                                      existing
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      — evolved in
                                                      parallel with
                                                      his Department
                                                      of History
                                                      class, The
                                                      American
                                                      Railroad-Decline
                                                      and
                                                      Renaissance in
                                                      the Era of
                                                      Deregulation.

                                                      "There are
                                                      more
                                                      possibilities
                                                      for railroads
                                                      than you might
                                                      think," said
                                                      Posner, who
                                                      together with
                                                      his wife,
                                                      University
                                                      Trustee Anne
                                                      Molloy, is
                                                      also a
                                                      generous
                                                      benefactor of
                                                      CMU. "A lot of
                                                      urban areas in
                                                      this country
                                                      have
                                                      underutilized
                                                      freight lines
                                                      that could
                                                      also support
                                                      transit
                                                      service.
                                                      People might
                                                      not have
                                                      considered
                                                      these
                                                      opportunities
                                                      because it's
                                                      been perceived
                                                      as too
                                                      expensive, too
                                                      lengthy and
                                                      too risky.
                                                      With Pop-Up
                                                      Metro, you can
                                                      do that
                                                      project
                                                      quickly on a
                                                      demonstration
                                                      basis. You
                                                      don't have to
                                                      spend $100
                                                      million."..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2021/august/future-of-rail-transit.html)Hmmmm...
                                                      [Watch video](https://youtu.be/TSjAozf2r3g).
                                                      Fantastic for
                                                      those not
                                                      ready for
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      and those that
                                                      are, inducing
                                                      yours truly.
                                                      Alain
                                                      August 6, 2021

  DECISION AUTHORIZING DEPLOYMENT OF DRIVERED AND DRIVERLESS AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE PASSENGER SERVICE CPUC, Nov 23, ‘20, “This decision creates two new autonomous vehicle programs that authorize fare collection (deployment programs), one for drivered autonomous vehicles and the other for driverless autonomous vehicles. Among other requirements, applicants to the existing driverless pilot program and the new driverless deployment program must submit Passenger Safety Plans that outline their plans to protect passenger safety for driverless operations.

                                                      In addition,
                                                      the decision
                                                      establishes
                                                      four goals
                                                      that apply to
                                                      both the
                                                      existing pilot
                                                      programs and
                                                      the new
                                                      deployment
                                                      programs; 1.)
                                                      Protect
                                                      passenger
                                                      safety; 2.)
                                                      Expand the
                                                      benefits of AV
                                                      technologies
                                                      to all of
                                                      Californians,
                                                      including
                                                      people with
                                                      disabilities;
                                                      3.) Improve
                                                      transportation
                                                      options for
                                                      all,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      communities
                                                      and low-income
                                                      communities;
                                                      and 4.) Reduce
                                                      greenhouse gas
                                                      emissions,
                                                      criteria air
                                                      pollutants,
                                                      and toxic air
                                                      contaminants,
                                                      particularly
                                                      in
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      communities.
                                                      The Commission
                                                      will collect
                                                      data to
                                                      monitor permit
                                                      holders’
                                                      progress
                                                      toward each of
                                                      the goals...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/fiwy5ou01zo6tp6/CA%20PU%20Autonomous%20Vehicle%20Deployment%20Decision.PDF?dl=0) Hmmmm...
                                                      Sorry for not
                                                      reporting this
                                                      sooner, and
                                                      thank you Doug
                                                      Coventry for
                                                      bringing it to
                                                      my attention.
                                                      It is must
                                                       reading
                                                      for any
                                                      jurisdiction
                                                      making
                                                      regulations
                                                      regarding the
                                                      provision of
                                                      autonomousTaxi
                                                      mobility.

Its four goals are laudable, especially the 3rd, even if it may end up violating part of the 4th. Moreover, the clauses of the 3rd should be re-ordered to be: … Improve transportation options for disadvantaged communities, low income communities and those with disabilities, and, if possible, for all… This also reduces the goals to 3 important ones, … safety, the environment and improved mobility for those that have been left behind by the personal automobile

Of course, one wants to improve mobility for those that drive their own personal car; however, that is a entrenched well-served set of customers that are not readily going to flip from driving their car to something that isn’t really better and may largely be perceived as no cigar. Certainly, the public sector should in no way use public resources to give car drivers yet another good but inferior choice as was done with many public transportation investments that actually provide inferior mobility to those that were to be attract as customers. These systems are rebuffed by many that they were intended to be taken off the road for the trips they already make, let alone deliver quality-of-life benefits by providing mobility to new places that they couldn’t previously access.

A properly designed Operational Design Domain focused on from and where low income communities want to go is, to my mind, where the best opportunity exits for these safe, environmentally responsible systems .  In such ODDs these driverless aTaxis can actually improve quality-of-life; and thus, deserve accommodation and promotion by public agencies such as CPUC. Alain

                                                      July 30, 2021

  Nikola Founder Trevor Milton Charged With Lying to Investors C. . Ramey, July 29, “Trevor Milton, the founder of Nikola Corp. and onetime executive chairman of the electric-truck startup, was indicted Thursday on securities-fraud charges for what prosecutors said was a scheme to mislead investors about the company’s product and technology development.

                                                      Mr. Milton
                                                      faces two
                                                      counts of
                                                      securities
                                                      fraud and one
                                                      count of wire
                                                      fraud,
                                                      according to
                                                      the
                                                      indictment.
                                                      The U.S.
                                                      attorney's
                                                      office in
                                                      Manhattan,
                                                      which brought
                                                      the charges,
                                                      is set to make
                                                      an
                                                      announcement
                                                      about the
                                                      indictment on
                                                      Thursday
                                                      morning.

                                                      A spokesman
                                                      for Mr. Milton
                                                      didn't
                                                      immediately
                                                      comment. Last
                                                      year, Mr.
                                                      Milton said on
                                                      Twitter that
                                                      he intended to
                                                      defend himself
                                                      against "false allegations".  [He resigned from Nikola in Septembe](https://www.wsj.com/articles/nikola-chairman-steps-down-as-company-faces-probe-11600672351?mod=article_inline)r
                                                      as [concerns mounted about the startup darling](https://www.wsj.com/articles/justice-department-probes-electric-truck-startup-nikola-over-claims-it-misled-investors-11600199462?mod=article_inline)that
                                                      had attracted
                                                      backing from
                                                      some of the
                                                      industry's
                                                      biggest names.

                                                      Nikola wasn't
                                                      charged. The
                                                      company said
                                                      that Mr.
                                                      Milton hasn't
                                                      been involved
                                                      in the
                                                      company's
                                                      operations or
                                                      communications
                                                      since his
                                                      resignation.
                                                      "Nikola has
                                                      cooperated
                                                      with the
                                                      government
                                                      throughout the
                                                      course of its
                                                      inquiry," the
                                                      company's
                                                      statement
                                                      said. "We
                                                      remain
                                                      committed to
                                                      our previously
                                                      announced
                                                      milestones and
                                                      timelines and
                                                      are focused on
                                                      delivering
                                                      Nikola Tre
                                                      battery-electric
                                                      trucks later
                                                      this year from
                                                      the company's
                                                      manufacturing facilities."..."  [Read more](https://www.wsj.com/articles/nikola-founder-trevor-milton-charged-with-lying-to-investors-11627563648)  Hmmmm...  Speaks for itself. Alain

                                                      July 23, 2021

  Upward Urban & Rural Mobility via Autonomous Mobility K. Pyle, July 19, “It is said that a picture is worth a thousand words. The picture Selika Josiah Talbott chose for her virtual backdrop at the recent 2021 TRB Annual Automated Road Transportation Symposium sums up the mobility challenges that urban and rural locales face with existing infrastructure, particularly in low-income areas. Joining Talbott on this panel were experts opining on Talbott’s insightful comments about autonomous mobility and its potential to provide upward mobility….”  Read more  Hmmmm…  Simply a must read. This is the real market for autonomousTaxis (aTaxis). Alain

                                                      July 17, 2021    [2021 TRB Annual Automated Road Transportation Symposium](http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/181880.aspx) July 12
                                                      -> 15,
                                                      "..."  [Read more](http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/181880.aspx)  Hmmmm...I haven't been able to
                                                      find a public
                                                      source for any
                                                      of the content
                                                      from the
                                                      symposium but
                                                      there were at
                                                      least three
                                                      sessions (of
                                                      the few that I
                                                      was able to
                                                      attend) that
                                                      were really
                                                      good.  One
                                                      was [B-101- An inside Look at Policy-Making for Automated Vehicles](https://trb-arts.secure-platform.com/a/solicitations/73/sessiongallery/899),
                                                      moderated by
                                                      Baruch
                                                      Feigenbaum of
                                                      the Reason
                                                      Foundation.
                                                      Pay particular
                                                      attention to
                                                      the insights
                                                      offered by
                                                      Kevin Biesty
                                                      of Arizona
                                                      DoT.  So far,
                                                      no one in the
                                                      world has done
                                                      it better.

A second one was B204-Inclusive by Design: Creating an Equitable and Accessible Automated Future, moderated by Charlotte Frei.

The third was Richard Mudge’s   B402- Shark Tank: Everything from Free Freight to AV for Low-Income Travelers to how many AV Firms will Survive?. (Spoil alert… the answer is   . Selika Talbot’s presentation was absolutely fantastic. See PodCast/ZoomCast below for a discussion of parts of this session. Fred and I hope to do PodCasts/ZoomCasts with Selika and Kevin in the coming week.

Hopefully TRB will broadly distribute the recorded videos of these and the other sessions.  One caution is that even in this community there is substantial confusion introduced over terminology which ends up having people talk by rather than with each other.  This was an “Automated Road Transportation” symposium. One aspect of road transportation is the fundamental role of the human driver. It is very different than that of elevators that go from A to B without any direct human driver/operator intervention. The customer only tells the elevator what floor to go to. Everything else in the up/down mobility process is automated within the elevator’s Operational Design Domain (which is usually in a shaft, stooping only at designated stopping locations (floors) with centimeter accuracy but only when when sufficient power exists to perform the various operations. (Note: “Level 5 elevators” (operate under any power-available condition) will “never” exist.).  It is easy for us to see the phenomenal difference in the societal value that can be achieved in elevators that deliver safe, shared-ride, on-demand 24/7 mobility, indiscriminately to essentially everyone. Unfortunately, precious little of that broad societal value can be achieved unless the elevator’s safe operation can be achieved without a human operator/driver.

This is a bang-bang situation. Either you have it or you don’t.  Coming close doesn’t cut it.

It doesn’t mean that human operated elevators don’t deliver value to individual owners.  My neighbor across the street has a dumbwaiter in her house that she and her husband control manually to move things including themselves up and down in their house. Works great. Real value. They both remain capable of performing the manual operations for themselves and if they charge themselves for the labor, they gain that charge so the transaction nets to zero labor cost. charge themselves . While some benefits (comfort & convenience) might be gained by them by automating some of the operating functions, full automation would be silly unless at least some number of neighbors would improve their quality-of-life if only they could easily go up and down in their house.  That latent demand for improved quality-of-life does exist in tall buildings. It’s been consumed in a large part because elevators became operatorless and not just operator assisted. Shared and not quite door2door shortcomings are endured. 24/7, on-demand, affordable (especially for the rent payer on the “14th” floor. So much so that they just pick up the tab for the elevators that deliver accessibility to/from the “14th floor”) are the fundamental mobility attributes that totally dominate the competition for mobility afforded by the stairwell. Without the elimination of the operator/driver, the 24/7, on-demand, affordable trifecta is not deliverable to anybody.

Way too often during the Symposium automation that explicitly requires the continued presence of a driver and is only at best a comfort & convenience feature  as ascribed benefits that accrue only for systems that achieve safe driverless operation. There is no getting away from it, automation that assist drivers is radically different than automation that replaces drivers. Hopefully next year we can have 2 AV conferences. One that focuses on automation to assist human drivers and one that focuses on technology and deployments that replaces the driver.

As far as connectivity goes, we need to realize that it is a nice2have, not a need2have. Since it can only deliver value among pairs of adopters, it struggles getting started by itself when it needs to find a partner. Unfortunately, road vehicles have performed well for more than 100 years without much connectivity and automation at this point is saying: you aren’t much help and we can’t afford to carry you along.  Alain July 11, 2021

  Tesla Says Autopilot Makes Its Cars Safer. Crash Victims Say It Kills. Neal Boudette, July 5, “ Benjamin Maldonado and his teenage son were driving back from a soccer tournament on a California freeway in August 2019 when a truck in front of them slowed. Mr. Maldonado flicked his turn signal and moved right. Within seconds, his Ford Explorer pickup was hit by a Tesla Model 3 that was traveling about 60 miles per hour on Autopilot.

A six-second video captured by the Tesla and data it recorded show that neither Autopilot, Tesla’s much-vaunted system that can steer, brake and accelerate a car on its own, nor the driver slowed the vehicle until a fraction of a second before the crash…“  Read more  Hmmmm… A few comments here: 1.  Because of the suit here, hopefully more of the data associated with this crash will be made public. Future crashes such as  these seem to be covered by the recent NHTSA standing General Order requiring the data to be released without need of lawyers, assuming Tesla cooperates. 2.  Neal (slightly) overstate his plot which clearly shows the Tesla began to decelerate slightly more than a full second before impact. He also doesn’t mention what the video clearly shows that the Tesla was “cut-off” by the pickup truck.  More over the pickup applied its brakes as it was making the lane change (brake light came on).  This brake application may well have been the critical element that made the crash unavoidable. AutoPilot was likely tacking the pickup from at least the 6 seconds before collision point.  Tesla must have data on the relative longitudinal speed between the pickup and the Tesla.and it must also have an expected time-to-collision which is a critical measure as to when to kick in the Automated Emergency Braking System. Once again, my main concern here is not (yet) about the performance of AutoPilot, but the performance of Tesla’s Automated Emergency Braking System (AEBS).  This is a rear-end crash.  It is the responsibility of the AEBS to avert these crashes. Seems as if the AEBS did NOT properly anticipate the pick-up’s maneuver nor properly monitor time-to-collision. My recommendation here is to improve the AEBS.

3.  Comments implying that radar would have been better at identifying the ‘cut-off’ are questionable. Lane intrusion is only partial until about 3 seconds before impact. Radar does not return lateral relative-speed, only longitudinal relative-speed.  Who knows what lag exists in determining lateral speed and the accuracy of that determination. I doubt that either are very good web based on radar.  My guess is that image processing at better than 20Hz would do best in this clear situation.

4.  Interpretation of the turn signal can only be done with image processing (to my knowledge.)

5.  Nothing is reported about any horn actuation (or if autoPilot even uses the horn). The brake application by the pickup may have been an impulsive response to a horn blow by the Tesla.

6.  There seems to be no indication by the driver of the pick-up that he saw the Tesla coming.

7.  The Tesla data likely also has its closing speed on the panel truck and thus the closing speed of the pick-up to the panel truck.  This information may help us to begin to understand the extent to which the pickup was tailgating the panel truck. 8.  To me, AutoPilot’s main issue is: should it allow “passing on the right” when “passing on the right” is illegal. The reason it is illegal is because it leads to crashes like this one, that is an issue that should be taken up by NHTSA and NTSB.  To what extent should any of these automated driving devices engage in “illegal” driving?  My current view (subject to change) is:     a. Up to 9 mph over is OK.     b.  Rolling through a stop sign is OK, if it is determined that time to any likely collision is greater than 5 seconds (meaning you must be able to “see” at least 5 seconds away at speed limit +9 (or something similar)

    c.   Cross double line as long  as oncoming traffic has slowed to under 25 mph and has room to proceed by squeezing right (or something like that).

    d.   Pass on the right as long as all pertinent vehicles in the two lanes are moving at less than 25 mph (or something like that).

Alain

                                                      June 28, 2021   [How Important is Exact Localization for HAD?](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e8ql7q722zxqb13/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena,
                                                      July/Aug. '21,
                                                      "[In this issue of The Dispatcher for July and August](http://www.michaellsena.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf), I
                                                      have taken up
                                                      a subject in
                                                      the lead
                                                      article that
                                                      has been on my
                                                      list for quite
                                                      some time. It
                                                      is of how cars
                                                      that drive
                                                      themselves
                                                      keep
                                                      themselves on
                                                      the road while
                                                      they make
                                                      their journey
                                                      to their
                                                      destination.
                                                      It turns out
                                                      that there is
                                                      a very good
                                                      reason why
                                                      Teslas crash
                                                      and Waymo is
                                                      running around
                                                      only in
                                                      Chandler,
                                                      Arizona after
                                                      people who
                                                      didn't know
                                                      better
                                                      promised that
                                                      there would be
                                                      completely
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars on all
                                                      roads a decade
                                                      ago:
                                                      localization
                                                      of a moving
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      very, very
                                                      hard, even for
                                                      a human.

                                                      I encourage
                                                      you to read
                                                      Musings this
                                                      month. It's
                                                      about making
                                                      the journey to
                                                      a world
                                                      without
                                                      climate change
                                                      protests, a
                                                      world where
                                                      they either
                                                      won't be
                                                      necessary or
                                                      allowed. On
                                                      most journeys,
                                                      we have to
                                                      cross bridges.
                                                      Sometimes we
                                                      have to make
                                                      them
                                                      ourselves.
                                                      Think of the
                                                      article as the
                                                      first bridge
                                                      to cross
                                                      toward a
                                                      better
                                                      understanding
                                                      of the climate
                                                      change
                                                      journey.

                                                      Dispatch
                                                      Central
                                                      contains, as
                                                      usual,
                                                      something for
                                                      everyone.
                                                      Insurance is
                                                      addressed in
                                                      the two main
                                                      articles. In
                                                      Bits and
                                                      Pieces I have
                                                      added my
                                                      thoughts on
                                                      recent events.

                                                      This is a
                                                      double issue,
                                                      in part
                                                      because we are
                                                      going to try
                                                      to do more
                                                      this summer
                                                      than we could
                                                      do last. But
                                                      it's also
                                                      because I need
                                                      some extra
                                                      time to work
                                                      on a follow-up
                                                      to the
                                                      Princeton SmartDrivingCars Summit with Professor Alain Kornhauser. There was a
                                                      concrete
                                                      proposal put
                                                      forward by
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      during the
                                                      last session,
                                                      and many of us
                                                      who took part
                                                      in the Summit
                                                      have committed
                                                      to try to work
                                                      on
                                                      implementing
                                                      that
                                                      proposal. [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e8ql7q722zxqb13/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm... .   Once again an
                                                      outstanding The
                                                      Dispatcher.
                                                      I happen to
                                                      have a diffent
                                                      fundamental
                                                      view on"exact
                                                      localization"  than Michael, many and possibly
                                                      even everyone
                                                      else...  As
                                                      usual, I'll
                                                      take a very
                                                      self-centered
                                                      view...  I've
                                                      lived my whole
                                                      life without
                                                      knowing (or
                                                      caring to
                                                      know) my
                                                      "exact
                                                      location".
                                                      I've been
                                                      satisfied to
                                                      know: "sort
                                                      of... where am
                                                      I?" but
                                                      exact...where
                                                      am I? ... not
                                                      so much.
                                                      What  troubles
                                                      me about the
                                                      "exact where
                                                      am I" is that
                                                      this exactness
                                                      is in some
                                                      coordinate
                                                      system.  Where
                                                      is the origin
                                                      of that
                                                      coordinate
                                                      system and is
                                                      moving?  Oh,
                                                      it's the
                                                      "center" of
                                                      the earth??
                                                      Or some
                                                      "reference
                                                      point".  So
                                                      "exact" is
                                                      actually,
                                                      "exact
                                                      relative to
                                                      some reference
                                                      point.  Little
                                                      seems to ever
                                                      be said about
                                                      the
                                                      "exactness" of
                                                      the reference
                                                      point, but
                                                      that may
                                                      actually be
                                                      some saving
                                                      grace about
                                                      "exact".. it
                                                      is "exact"
                                                      relative to
                                                      some reference
                                                      point.

I see..  If the reference point is the center of the Universe, then I’d better be really-really precise; else, small small changes mean big-big differences. If the reference is the center of the earth, then I may just need to be really precise; else, small changes mean big differences. However, if the reference point is my nose and I’m trying to stay between two white lines and not hit anything, then the precision to which I need to know where things are may not need to be very precise as long as I have a little bit of leeway and still stay between the lines and leave enough room around the various objects to not hit them.

OK, safe driving requires only knowing where I am relative to objects around me to a moderate level of precision. I can do it in two ways… take the difference between two values: location of object and my location. The farther away the reference point, the more precise they will need to be if precision of the difference is to be maintained. Consequently, if the measurements are relative to my nose, the need for about as small as it can get.

Moreover, any precision data base lacks some “most” important values.. 1.  a precise value for my location and 2. a precise value for anything around me that moves (meaning it wasn’t at its current location when the HD database was assembled). Required is the ability in real time to locate and track objects relative to me (my nose, the hood ornament of my car, ..) with only some precision These objects and their location aren’t included in these precise/HD databases. What is needed is a very reliable means of identifying objects and determining their position and velocity with little latency. This is absolutely necessary;uyr;y necessary for the moving objects, might as well do it also for the stationary objects.  Alain

Please don’t suggest that one needs an HD map database in order to run their SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) algorithm. That algorithm needs as input the relative position (sensor observations) of objects . The capability to determine those inputs is all that is needed to do collision avoidance, so don’t even bother going through the SLAM computation and certainly don’t pay for a reference data set.

                                                      May 29, 2021   [The Future of Mobility is Slowly Coming into Focus](https://www.dropbox.com/s/bpeklrq3sgutu1l/The-Dispatcher_June-2021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena, June
                                                      2021,
                                                      "...Mobility-as-a-service
                                                      would provide
                                                      the business
                                                      model to tie
                                                      everything
                                                      together,
                                                      perhaps as an
                                                      extension of
                                                      your
                                                      phone/broadband
                                                      subscription.
                                                      Private car
                                                      ownership
                                                      would soon be
                                                      a relic of a
                                                      bygone age.

This is an interesting narrative, but is not a correct one. Even before COVID-19 changed how people have been living outside of China since Friday, the 13th of March 2020, the picture of everything happening in high density cities was a rumor that companies like WEWORK spread to build their houses of cards. …

One effect of changes that have occurred in where people live and work in and around big cities is a phenomenon that was already well underway before the pandemic but has sped up: the demise of inner city buses. I wrote about this in the December 2018 issue of THE DISPATCHER, Is It Time to Throw the Bus Under the Bus?. I wrote:

                                                      We need to
                                                      start thinking
                                                      outside the
                                                      bus. If a city
                                                      is serious
                                                      about
                                                      providing a
                                                      useful bus
                                                      service, it
                                                      needs to run
                                                      them
                                                      everywhere and
                                                      often,
                                                      including at
                                                      night. It
                                                      must,
                                                      therefore, get
                                                      rid of cars
                                                      driving and
                                                      parking on its
                                                      streets. ..

One effect of changes that have occurred in where people live and work in and around big cities is a phenomenon that was already well underway before the pandemic but has sped up: the demise of inner city buses. I wrote about this in the December 2018 issue of THE DISPATCHER, Is It Time to Throw the Bus Under the Bus?. I wrote:

                                                      We need to
                                                      start thinking
                                                      outside the
                                                      bus. If a city
                                                      is serious
                                                      about
                                                      providing a
                                                      useful bus
                                                      service, it
                                                      needs to run
                                                      them
                                                      everywhere and
                                                      often,
                                                      including at
                                                      night. It
                                                      must,
                                                      therefore, get
                                                      rid of cars
                                                      driving and
                                                      parking on its
                                                      streets. ...
                                                      What cities
                                                      are doing
                                                      today all over
                                                      the world is
                                                      neither
                                                      providing an
                                                      adequate
                                                      service to
                                                      their citizens
                                                      nor using the
                                                      money
                                                      allocated for
                                                      transport in a
                                                      cost-effective
                                                      way...

Bite the bullet and get private cars off the big city streets

                                                      The reasons
                                                      that people
                                                      who live in
                                                      cities began
                                                      to buy cars
                                                      was that they
                                                      needed them to
                                                      get to their
                                                      jobs, the ones
                                                      that began
                                                      moving out of
                                                      the cities in
                                                      the campuses
                                                      where there
                                                      were no
                                                      transit links.
                                                      Then they
                                                      needed them to
                                                      drop off their
                                                      children to
                                                      day care
                                                      centers since
                                                      both parents
                                                      worked. Then
                                                      they needed
                                                      them to drop
                                                      off their
                                                      older
                                                      children...

As I said, it is not buses that will meet the need. Neither is it roads filled with taxis. There are taxis offering rides in Trenton and Scranton, but they are not replacing buses because they are too expensive and are often unavailable when demand for them is highest. The Uber/Lyft model can be better at meeting demand, but they are still too costly…”

Read more  Hmmmm…   Enjoy the whole issue. It is enormously well written! Also listen/watch the SDC Pod/Zoom Cast 216- below with Michael. Alain May 22, 2021

  Why I Ride with Waymo: Mike Waymo One, May 13, “… I started taking it to work, and after crunching the numbers for gas, maintenance, insurance, upkeep, and owning a depreciating investment, it was pretty much a no-brainer that we really didn’t need two cars. I sold off my car and made Waymo my choice for commuting to and from work and for trips my wife and I need to take when the other is using our car…“ Read more  Hmmmm…This is really great that he “crunched the numbers” and found it to be “pretty much a no-brainer”, which is what every real Waymo customer in Chandler has to do to become a Waymo customer.  One “doesn’t move to Chandler unless one has “two cars”.  See slide 5: 70% of the households have 2 or more cars in Chandler, so most of the folks have had to do the math to become a customer.  If Waymo offered the same service in Trenton, where 70% of the households have at most one car and 30% don’t have any, then it doesn’t take much number crunching to appreciate Waymo when walking is the next best way to go.

The Chandler Operational Design Domain (ODD) may be a great place to get the technology working.  It may well be the “easiest” ODD in the world.  A Trenton ODD may well not be all that much more difficult technologically. What Trenton does have are customers for whom what Waymo can deliver is truly a no-brainer. Alain

                                                      May 8, 2021   [Why hasn't Waymo expanded its driverless service? Here's is my theory](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/why-hasnt-waymo-expanded-its-driverless-service-heres-my-theory/)
                                                      T. Lee, May 7,
                                                      "Suburban
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      is a lousy
                                                      business to be
                                                      in.

Last October, Waymo did something remarkable: the company launched a fully driverless commercial taxi service called Waymo One. Customers in a 50-square-mile corner of suburban Phoenix can now use their smartphones to hail a Chrysler Pacifica minivan with no one in the driver’s seat.

                                                      And then...
                                                      nothing. Seven
                                                      months later,
                                                      Waymo has
                                                      neither
                                                      expanded the
                                                      footprint of
                                                      the Phoenix
                                                      service nor
                                                      has it
                                                      announced a
                                                      timeline for
                                                      launching in a
                                                      second city.

                                                      It's as if
                                                      Steve Jobs had
                                                      unveiled the
                                                      iPhone,
                                                      shipped a few
                                                      thousand
                                                      phones to an
                                                      Apple Store in
                                                      Phoenix, and
                                                      then didn't
                                                      ship any more
                                                      for months;
                                                      and wouldn't
                                                      explain why.

                                                      Last Friday,
                                                      two Waymo
                                                      employees [participated in an "ask me anything" thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/SelfDrivingCars/comments/n031vq/you_voted_and_were_excited_to_chat_about_waymo/) on
                                                      the
                                                      SelfDrivingCars
                                                      subreddit, a
                                                      watering hole
                                                      for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      industry
                                                      insiders.
                                                      Questions
                                                      about
                                                      expansion
                                                      plans
                                                      dominated the
                                                      conversation.

                                                      "How are you
                                                      going to
                                                      scale?" one
                                                      redditor
                                                      asked. "What
                                                      are the
                                                      impediments to
                                                      service
                                                      expansion at
                                                      this time?"

                                                      The Waymonauts
                                                      responded with
                                                      maddening
                                                      generalities.

                                                      "We feel the
                                                      same urgency
                                                      to scale
                                                      quickly that
                                                      others do, but
                                                      a ton of work
                                                      goes into
                                                      doing it
                                                      safely," wrote
                                                      Waymo's Sam
                                                      Kansara."  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/why-hasnt-waymo-expanded-its-driverless-service-heres-my-theory/)  Hmmmm... Not at all surprising.  Can you imagine trying to be
                                                      better than
                                                      one's own Land
                                                      Rover or
                                                      Porsche in car
                                                      country.  That
                                                      is a heavy
                                                      lift.  Making
                                                      it heavier is
                                                      the focus on
                                                      today's most
                                                      entitled
                                                      yuppies.
                                                      That's as bad
                                                      as the
                                                      original focus
                                                      of driverless
                                                      cars on
                                                      1%ers.  Waymos
                                                      are pure and
                                                      simple
                                                      mobility
                                                      machines to
                                                      get you
                                                      from/to places
                                                      horizontally,
                                                      just as
                                                      elevators do
                                                      vertically ...
                                                      just get you
                                                      up to the "8th
                                                      floor".  Why
                                                      are elevators
                                                      so successful
                                                      at what they
                                                      do?... Second
                                                      best is the
                                                      stairwell!
                                                      They win all
                                                      the time,
                                                      hands down.

In Chandler, the “stairwell” is your car parked in your garage.  You don’t even have to go outside in all that heat. Waymo’s got to be really good to beat that! Waymo might end up getting close to that good, but in the beginning chances “slim-to-none”.  Not that the car in the garage doesn’t have an enormous amount of “excess baggage”. Everyone seems to have conveniently forgotten about it. When even with all of its LiDars, radars and deepLearning, whereas the car with the Mad Men fantasies is way more than half full and your go-to mobility is your car. Your car allowed you to consider the Chandlers of this world as a place whee you want to live.  That’s a challenging market place for Waymo. It’s worse than Bing v Google

A better place for Waymo  ( or Ford/Argo or GM/cruise) the place to start is to focus on a market where they can easily deliver better service.  The obvious market is to provide Waymo mobility to concentrations of households that have zero or only one car.  Folks that have been left behind by the automobile and don’t have access to one.  Those that have been relegated to take the staircase thereby not even having the opportunity to reach “the eighth floor”; which, once they can using Waymo,  would substantially improve their lives. They might in fact appreciate Waymo right out of the box.

Manhattan is one such place, but it has a great subway and safely driving its roads is enormously challenging, so that’s arguably the last place for Waymo to go. However, the census identifies many communities and “inner suburbs” that have substantial densities of zero and one-car household. For example: Trenton New Jersey. Waymo would be the obvious mobility choice. Numerous Trenton residents would readily perceive Waymo as the “Google” in their trip mode-choice.

Another note… trying to sell Waymo technology on its ability to improve safety is a fool’s gambit. Since Waymos don’t misbehave, it is “easy” to make them safer, but that argument is hard to get across Misbehaviors are core to the fantasies of driving and are thus excused and forgotten about.  Alain

Link to previous SDC eLetters

Alain L. Kornhauser, PhD

Professor & Director of Undergraduate Studies, Operations Research & Financial Engineering

      Director, Transportation Program

      Faculty Chair, Princeton Autonomous Vehicle Engineering

229 Sherrerd Hall

              Princeton University

              Princeton, NJ

alaink@princeton.edu

              609-980-1427 (c)

                                                      September 19,
                                                      2021
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">37th
                                                      edition of the
                                                      9th year of
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter

5th Annual

                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      Summit:
                                                      Deployment of
                                                      High Quality
                                                      Affordable
                                                      Mobility for
                                                      All throughout
                                                      New Jersey.

Thursday evening Nov. 18, through . Live (Covid permitting) Trenton, New Jersey.  This 5th Summit is inspired by the many levels of public-sector, community and neighborhood welcoming and support that now exists in New Jersey for the deployment of high-quality affordable mobility. Mobility made possible by technology to especially those in New Jersey that, for what ever reason, don’t have access to their own personal car.

As Robin Chase presented in one of her slides in my course this past week, right now, this instant, 180 million Americans, more than 50%, don’t have access to a car.  All 16 and under, most above 85, the many too poor, half of two person households with one car… That’s more than 50% of our US population.  The mobility equity afforded by this technology can substantially improve the quality-of-life of so many, immediately.

We envision the initial deployment along the lines of whatwas presented at the end of the 4th SDC Summitthis past Spring, in Trenton, the State Capitol, where 70% of the household have access to at most one car. We believe that this is a perfect Operational Design Domain (ODD) to successfully deploy with the opportunity to expand throughout Mercer County and replicate the deployment throughout the State.  The welcoming environment now exists in New Jersey to enable a successful Public-Private Partnership to deliver this enhanced mobility to the residents of Trenton and all New Jersians.  The 5th Summit will focus directly on the initial phases of this most equitable mobility deployment in Trenton. Alain

SmartDrivingCars

                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 233](https://anchor.fm/smartdrivingcars/episodes/Smart-Driving-Cars-Episode-233-Making-mobility-happen-in-Europe--Trenton-and-beyond-e17hlb3?fbclid=IwAR1xbB6MtwXTfUMc9cDSO9R4JxL5lN4iZriVN_tQvxLdLndZVeoMtRwFR2o)[,](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-230-with-tim-higgins-author-of-power-play) [Zoom-Cast Episode 233](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=tXftLIjz4as)
                                                      w [Prof. Adriano Alessandrini](https://www.f6s.com/adrianoalessandrini)at
                                                      the U. of
                                                      Florence

###

F. Fishkin, Sept. 18 “What will it take to deliver autonomous mobility for all?  For one thing, improved road systems,  says Professor Adriano Alessandrini at the University of Florence. The author of The Role of Infrastructure for a Safe Transition to Automated Driving joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a spirited discussion on that, plus Waymo and new details on bringing new mobility to New Jersey and the upcoming Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit.”

                                                      The
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter,
                                                      Pod-Casts,
                                                      Zoom-Casts and
                                                      Zoom-inars are
                                                      made possible
                                                      in part by
                                                      support from
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      ETF, symbol
                                                      MOTO.   For
                                                      more
                                                      information: [www.motoetf.com](https://www.smartetfs.com/).  Most funding is
                                                      supplied by
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Operations
                                                      Research &
                                                      Financial
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering
                                                      (PAVE)
                                                      research
                                                      laboratory as
                                                      part of its
                                                      research
                                                      dissemination
                                                      initiative

###

5th Annual

                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      Summit:
                                                      Deployment of
                                                      High Quality
                                                      Affordable
                                                      Mobility for
                                                      All throughout
                                                      New Jersey.

Thursday evening Nov. 18, through . Live (Covid permitting) Trenton, New Jersey.  This 5th Summit is inspired by the many levels of public-sector, community and neighborhood welcoming and support that now exists in New Jersey for the deployment of high-quality affordable mobility. Mobility made possible by technology to especially those in New Jersey that, for what ever reason, don’t have access to their own personal car.

As Robin Chase presented in one of her slides in my course this past week, right now, this instant, 180 million Americans, more than 50%, don’t have access to a car.  All 16 and under, most above 85, the many too poor, half of two person households with one car… That’s more than 50% of our US population.  The mobility equity afforded by this technology can substantially improve the quality-of-life of so many, immediately.

We envision the initial deployment along the lines of whatwas presented at the end of the 4th SDC Summitthis past Spring, in Trenton, the State Capitol, where 70% of the household have access to at most one car. We believe that this is a perfect Operational Design Domain (ODD) to successfully deploy with the opportunity to expand throughout Mercer County and replicate the deployment throughout the State.  The welcoming environment now exists in New Jersey to enable a successful Public-Private Partnership to deliver this enhanced mobility to the residents of Trenton and all New Jersians.  The 5th Summit will focus directly on the initial phases of this most equitable mobility deployment in Trenton. Alain

The Major Problems Blocking America’s Electric Car Future

D. Yergin, Aug. 31, “…Recently, I asked Wagoner about that conversation. “The focus then was on making the internal combustion engine better,” he replied. “I was asking, ‘If we were starting the industry today, what would be different?’”

                                                      A pretty clear
                                                      answer about
                                                      how different
                                                      came earlier
                                                      this month
                                                      from President
                                                      Joe Biden when
                                                      he issued an
                                                      executive
                                                      order setting
                                                      out the goal
                                                      that "50
                                                      percent of all
                                                      new passenger
                                                      cars and light
                                                      vehicles sold
                                                      in 2030"
                                                      should be
                                                      electric. In
                                                      the order, he
                                                      instructed
                                                      government
                                                      agencies to
                                                      implement
                                                      regulatory
                                                      policies to
                                                      achieve that
                                                      goal. "There's
                                                      a vision of
                                                      the future
                                                      that is now
                                                      beginning to
                                                      happen," said
                                                      the president.
                                                      This vision
                                                      clearly does
                                                      not involve
                                                      making the
                                                      internal
                                                      combustion
                                                      engine
                                                      better....

The third challenge involves the public — the people who buy automobiles….” Read more Hmmmm… Amazing… This article assumes that electricity that goes through the chargers into the batteries that requires all that mining, transport and processing to capture that electricity and trickle it out as we are leisurely going to grandma’s house, magically appears. Where does electricity come from? How is it manufactured, by whom, with what equipment. What is produced today has persistent customers that aren’t going to go away.

All of our nice ways (solar, wind, hydro and nuclear) to make electricity (electricity is made) are at capacity and we are still using bad ways (coal) and not so bad ways (natural gas) to serve existing customers.

                                                      It was hoped
                                                      that better
                                                      efficiency and
                                                      more makers of
                                                      the nice ways
                                                      could ween out
                                                      the bad and
                                                      not so bad;
                                                      however, Hydro
                                                      is capped by:
                                                      only so much
                                                      water falls so
                                                      far, and
                                                      "everyone"  is
                                                      afraid of
                                                      nuclear.  That
                                                      places the
                                                      burden
                                                      directly on
                                                      solar &
                                                      wind to make
                                                      the
                                                      electricity
                                                      that's now
                                                      made from
                                                      coal.

                                                      A ">10x"
                                                      improvements
                                                      in solar &
                                                      wind is needed
                                                      to replace the
                                                      bad ways
                                                      (coal) and
                                                      another
                                                      ">10x" to
                                                      replace
                                                      natural gas as
                                                      a maker of
                                                      electricity.

                                                      And we haven't
                                                      begun
                                                      replacing the
                                                      gasoline with
                                                      electricity
                                                      that produces
                                                      our mobility.
                                                      To do that is
                                                      going to
                                                      require
                                                      another 2
                                                      ">10x"s.
                                                      (The energy
                                                      required to
                                                      move us is
                                                      approximately
                                                      equal to all
                                                      the energy
                                                      procured by
                                                      electricity
                                                      today. (There
                                                      are many
                                                      details here
                                                      having to do
                                                      with rejected
                                                      energy).

                                                      Moreover, the
                                                      use of the
                                                      nice ways to
                                                      replace the
                                                      existing
                                                      bad/not so bad
                                                      ways does not
                                                      require any
                                                      change by any
                                                      customer.
                                                      They've been
                                                      using
                                                      electricity to
                                                      do x,y,z and
                                                      the new
                                                      electrons from
                                                      the new
                                                      ">10x" nice
                                                      ways is
                                                      exactly the
                                                      same.  They''
                                                      never know the
                                                      difference

                                                      Not so when
                                                      replacing
                                                      petroleum with
                                                      electricity.
                                                      One also needs
                                                      a new way to
                                                      create the
                                                      mobility that
                                                      the petroleum
                                                      was delivering
                                                      to its
                                                      customers
                                                      consuming
                                                      mobility.  A
                                                      whole new
                                                      layer is
                                                      needed (the
                                                      EV).  So maybe
                                                      for this
                                                      challenge we
                                                      should be
                                                      focusing on
                                                      "making the
                                                      internal
                                                      combustion
                                                      engine
                                                      better",
                                                      certainly
                                                      until we get a
                                                      lot better at
                                                      solar and
                                                      wind, else we
                                                      won't be able
                                                      to turn off
                                                      those coal and
                                                      natural gas
                                                      plants for a
                                                      very long
                                                      time.

Use of the 5.850-5.925 GHz Band

A Rule by the Federal Communications Commission on 05/03/2021, “C. ITS in the 5.895-5.925 GHz Band

                                                      25. To promote
                                                      the most
                                                      effective use
                                                      of the upper
                                                      30 megahertz
                                                      of spectrum in
                                                      the 5.9 GHz
                                                      band, the
                                                      Commission
                                                      determined
                                                      that the ITS
                                                      service should
                                                      be based on
                                                      use of one
                                                      technology,
                                                      and concluded
                                                      that C-V2X
                                                      technology
                                                      would provide
                                                      the best means
                                                      of achieving
                                                      its goals for
                                                      ITS in the
                                                      coming years.
                                                      In the First
                                                      Report and
                                                      Order, the
                                                      Commission
                                                      provided
                                                      technical
                                                      flexibility to
                                                      enable ITS
                                                      licensees
                                                      currently
                                                      using
                                                      DSRC-based
                                                      technology to
                                                      operate in
                                                      this
                                                      30-megahertz
                                                      ITS band until
                                                      the time ITS
                                                      services must
                                                      operate using
                                                      C-V2X
                                                      technology.
                                                      Because the
                                                      Commission
                                                      believed that
                                                      many, if not
                                                      most, of the
                                                      active ITS
                                                      licensees
                                                      would want to
                                                      transition to
                                                      C-V2X
                                                      technology as
                                                      soon as
                                                      possible to
                                                      speed
                                                      development
                                                      and deployment
                                                      of ITS
                                                      services, it
                                                      decided to
                                                      permit,
                                                      through its
                                                      waiver
                                                      process, the
                                                      deployment of
                                                      C-V2X
                                                      technology
                                                      during the
                                                      transition
                                                      period in a
                                                      manner that
                                                      would not
                                                      interfere with
                                                      existing
                                                      DSRC-based
                                                      operations...
                                                      [Read more](https://www.federalregister.gov/documents/2021/05/03/2021-08802/use-of-the-5850-5925-ghz-band) Hmmmm...An
                                                      important
                                                      ruling that I
                                                      had missed.
                                                      Alain

I’m a Lyft Driver. My Passengers Act Like I’m Part of the App

                                                      P. Jakubowicz,
                                                      Sep 4,
                                                      "...What
                                                      disturbs me
                                                      more is how
                                                      experiencing
                                                      life through
                                                      apps may
                                                      prompt us to
                                                      reframe our
                                                      experiences as
                                                      something
                                                      different from
                                                      what they are,
                                                      into
                                                      experiences
                                                      abstracted
                                                      from objective
                                                      reality. A
                                                      layer is
                                                      created
                                                      through which
                                                      empathy and
                                                      care don't
                                                      necessarily
                                                      pass. That
                                                      layer is a
                                                      product of
                                                      using services
                                                      designed to
                                                      make our lives
                                                      easier, but it
                                                      also
                                                      disconnects us
                                                      from each
                                                      other. In my
                                                      case, I felt
                                                      as if I was
                                                      seeing how
                                                      passengers
                                                      would act if
                                                      they were in
                                                      an autonomous
                                                      car...."  [Read more](https://www.wired.com/story/im-a-lyft-driver-my-passengers-act-like-im-part-of-the-app/#intcid=_wired-bottom-recirc_e17b22c5-dc75-4cbe-8d47-7ccacae50192_similar2-3-reranked-by-vidi) Hmmmm...
                                                      Very
                                                      interesting in
                                                      many ways with
                                                      serious
                                                      implications
                                                      about the
                                                      sociology
                                                      challenges of
                                                      aTaxis (and
                                                      Siri/Alexa/.../ourselves).
                                                      Alain

Tesla will make sure you are a good driver before giving you access to Full Self-Driving Beta

                                                      F. Lambert,
                                                      Sep 17, "Elon
                                                      Musk said that
                                                      Tesla will use
                                                      its telemetry
                                                      data to make
                                                      sure customers
                                                      are "good"
                                                      drivers before
                                                      allowing them
                                                      to access its
                                                      Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      Beta software.

                                                      This is a
                                                      tricky
                                                      situation
                                                      since those
                                                      customers
                                                      already paid
                                                      for the
                                                      software.

                                                      Last week,
                                                      Tesla started
                                                      pushing its
                                                      new Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      (FSD) Beta v10
                                                      software
                                                      update to its
                                                      early access
                                                      fleet.

                                                      Tesla FSD Beta
                                                      enables Tesla
                                                      vehicles to
                                                      virtually
                                                      drive
                                                      themselves
                                                      both on
                                                      highways and
                                                      city streets,
                                                      but it is
                                                      still
                                                      considered a
                                                      level 2 driver
                                                      assist since
                                                      it requires
                                                      driver
                                                      supervision at
                                                      all times. The
                                                      driver remains
                                                      responsible
                                                      for the
                                                      vehicle, and
                                                      needs to keep
                                                      their hands on
                                                      the steering
                                                      wheel and be
                                                      ready to take
                                                      control.... "
                                                      [Read more](https://electrek.co/2021/09/17/tesla-make-sure-good-driver-before-giving-access-full-self-driving-beta/) Hmmmm...
                                                      Yup!  A very
                                                      tricky
                                                      situation.
                                                      Since it is a
                                                      "beta"
                                                      version, then
                                                      he can do
                                                      that, but at
                                                      some point
                                                      Tesla has to
                                                      deliver to its
                                                      customers what
                                                      was sold to
                                                      them.  It may
                                                      well be
                                                      cheaper, and
                                                      better, to
                                                      refund all
                                                      customers and
                                                      start the
                                                      sales process
                                                      over again.
                                                      The second
                                                      time around
                                                      Tesla can
                                                      ensure that
                                                      customers
                                                      realize that
                                                      they must
                                                      remain
                                                      vigilant and
                                                      they are
                                                      responsible
                                                      for any mishap
                                                      that might
                                                      occur.  At the
                                                      same time,
                                                      change the
                                                      name so that
                                                      the driver's
                                                      responsibility
                                                      is crystal
                                                      clear.  This
                                                      is actually a
                                                      "winning"
                                                      strategy
                                                      because Tesla
                                                      has gotten a
                                                      tremendous
                                                      amount of
                                                      buzz; folks
                                                      have bought
                                                      Teslas, and
                                                      "80%" of those
                                                      that bought
                                                      FSD will buy
                                                      it again.
                                                      They each
                                                      believe they
                                                      are "good
                                                      drivers".  I'm
                                                      a good
                                                      driver!!!!!😎
                                                      They'll sell
                                                      it to
                                                      essentially
                                                      all of us.
                                                      Alain

NHTSA seeking driver-assist data from automakers in Tesla Autopilot probe

A. LaFOrest, Sep 14, “ U.S. auto safety regulators are requesting substantial amounts of data on advanced driver-assistance systems from major automakers to aid their investigation into 12 Tesla crashes involving Autopilot and first responder scenes.

                                                      NHTSA's Office
                                                      of Defects
                                                      Investigation
                                                      sent letters
                                                      Monday to 12
                                                      automakers,
                                                      including Ford
                                                      Motor Co.,
                                                      General
                                                      Motors, Toyota
                                                      Motor North
                                                      America and
                                                      Volkswagen
                                                      Group of
                                                      America, to
                                                      gather
                                                      information
                                                      for comparing
                                                      vehicles
                                                      equipped with
                                                      Level 2
                                                      driver-assist
                                                      systems, where
                                                      the vehicle
                                                      has the
                                                      ability to
                                                      control
                                                      steering and
                                                      braking/accelerating
                                                      simultaneously
                                                      under certain
                                                      conditions.

                                                      For each
                                                      automaker, the
                                                      agency is
                                                      seeking the
                                                      number of
                                                      vehicles
                                                      equipped with
                                                      Level 2
                                                      systems that
                                                      have been
                                                      manufactured
                                                      for sale,
                                                      lease or
                                                      operation in
                                                      the U.S. as
                                                      well as the
                                                      cumulative
                                                      mileage
                                                      covered with
                                                      the systems
                                                      engaged
                                                      and a log of
                                                      the most
                                                      recent updates
                                                      to the
                                                      systems.

                                                      The agency
                                                      also is
                                                      requesting all
                                                      consumer
                                                      complaints,
                                                      field reports,
                                                      crash reports
                                                      and lawsuits
                                                      that may
                                                      relate to the
                                                      driver-assist
                                                      systems.

Automakers must describe the types of roads and driving conditions where the systems are intended to be used, and the methods and technologies used to prevent usage outside the operational design domain specified to customers. In addition, automakers must provide an overview of their approach to enforce driver engagement or attentiveness while the systems are in use…“  Read more Hmmmm… Can’t wait to read the responses.  I wonder if any of the OEM even log “mileage covered with system engaged.” Why would they? … NHTSA might request it some day.

What are the privacy implications?  ??? What other data are my car accumulating on how I use it without telling me (Of course, I didn’t read even the big print in my owner’s manual, let alone the fine print.) Alain

The Disco Ball Is How You Know She Won’t Give You a Parking Ticket

                                                      B. Berman,
                                                      Sep. 16, "Ms.
                                                      Devine, 54, is
                                                      among a
                                                      loose-knit
                                                      group of a few
                                                      dozen San
                                                      Franciscans
                                                      who are
                                                      reclaiming
                                                      former Go-4
                                                      and Cushman
                                                      parking
                                                      enforcement
                                                      vehicles for
                                                      transportation
                                                      and personal
                                                      expression.
                                                      "If there's
                                                      more
                                                      creativity in
                                                      the way we
                                                      move in the
                                                      world, it's an
                                                      antidote to
                                                      the sad and
                                                      sunken place
                                                      that many
                                                      people find
                                                      themselves
                                                      these days,"
                                                      she said.

                                                      The vehicles
                                                      have a
                                                      distinct
                                                      practical
                                                      advantage.
                                                      Three-wheelers
                                                      are legally
                                                      classified as
                                                      motorcycles,
                                                      so they can be
                                                      parked
                                                      perpendicular
                                                      to the curb.
                                                      As a result,
                                                      drivers of
                                                      these
                                                      mini-trucks —
                                                      a little over
                                                      four feet wide
                                                      — find
                                                      immediate
                                                      parking
                                                      throughout the
                                                      city while
                                                      four-wheeled
                                                      cars circle
                                                      the blocks in
                                                      vain, their
                                                      drivers
                                                      fuming...." [Read more](https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/09/10/meet-barts-first-ever-homelessness-czar/) Hmmmm...
                                                      Brings back
                                                      memories of
                                                      Dr. Jon Danna
                                                      Raggett, my
                                                      grad student
                                                      office mate @
                                                      Princeton,
                                                      who, after
                                                      getting his
                                                      degree, moved
                                                      to Vegas and
                                                      did the same
                                                      thing with a
                                                      3-wheeled
                                                      postal
                                                      vehicle, a [1963 Westcoaster Mailster](https://www.oldcarsweekly.com/features/car-of-the-week-1963-westcoaster-mailster).
                                                      This was
                                                      circa, 1970,
                                                      50 years ago.
                                                      I visited him
                                                      and we tooled
                                                      up to Ceasers
                                                      Palace with me
                                                      sitting on a
                                                      stool in the
                                                      back.  Jon
                                                      asked the
                                                      valet to park
                                                      it carefully,
                                                      just as in [Ferris Bueller's  Day Off](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=XVACbEHkV2Q). 😎
                                                      Alain

The SpaceX Inspiration4 mission splashed down in the Atlantic Ocean off Florida’s coast. Its crew of amateur astronauts spent three days in orbit.

                                                      M. Roston,
                                                      Sep. 18, "..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.mercurynews.com/2021/09/10/meet-barts-first-ever-homelessness-czar/) Hmmmm...
                                                      Nothing but
                                                      impressive.
                                                      Replay @ [https://www.spacex.com/launches/](https://www.spacex.com/launches/)
                                                      Alain

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

Sunday Supplement

Half-Baked

Click-Bait

More On….

Re-see:    Pop Up Metro USA Intro 09 2020

H. Poser’77, Sept 13, 2020. “Creating Value for Light Density Urban Rail Lines”  . See slides,  See video Hmmmm… Simply Brilliant.  Alain

   4thAnnual PrincetonSmartDrivingCar Summit  It is over!!! Now time to actually do something in the Trentons of this world.

Making Driverless Happen: The Road Forward (Updated)

                                                      K. Pyle, April
                                                      18, "It's time
                                                      to hit the
                                                      start button,"
                                                       is [Fred Fishkin's](https://www.techstination.com/) succinct
                                                      way of
                                                      summarizing
                                                      the next steps
                                                      in the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey.
                                                      Fiskin, along
                                                      with the LA
                                                      Times' [Russ Mitchell](https://twitter.com/russ1mitchell?lang=en) co-produced
                                                      the final
                                                      session of
                                                      the [2021 Smart Driving Car Summit, Making It Happen: Part 2](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210415).
                                                      This 16th and
                                                      final session
                                                      in this
                                                      multi-month
                                                      online
                                                      conference not
                                                      only provided
                                                      a s[ummary of the thought-provoking speakers](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/),
                                                      but also
                                                      provided food
                                                      for thought on
                                                      a way forward
                                                      to bring
                                                      mobility to
                                                      "the Trentons
                                                      of the World."

                                                      Setting the
                                                      stage for this
                                                      final session,
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      provided
                                                      highlights of
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey that
                                                      started in
                                                      late December
                                                      2020.  Safety,
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      and affordable
                                                      mobility,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for those who
                                                      do not have
                                                      many options,
                                                      was a common
                                                      theme to the
                                                      2021 Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit. As
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      the conference
                                                      organizer put
                                                      it,....." [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken!  Alain

Ken Pyle’s Session Summaries of 4th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit:

15th Session    Making it Happen - Part One: Elected Officials’ Role in Creating a Welcoming Environment in the Trentons of this World

14th Session    What Will Power Safely-driven Cars

13th Session    Improving the Moving of Goods

12th Session    3/18/21 Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

11th Session    3/11/21 Incentivizing Through Regulation

10th Session    3/04/21 Incentivizing Through Insurance

9th Session    2/25/21  Can Level 3 be Delivered?

8th Session    2/18/21  Who Will Build, Sell and Maintain Driverless Cars?

    Michael Sena’s SlidesGlenn Mercer Slides

7th Session    2/11/21  Finally Doing It

6th Session    2/ 4/21   Safe Enough in the Operational Design Domain

5th Session    1/28/21   At the Tipping Point

4th Session 1/21/21  Why Customers are Buying Them

3rd Session    1/14/21 The SmartDrivingCars We Can Buy Today

2nd Session1/ 7/21  A Look into the Future1st Session:12/17/20Setting the Stage

Kornhauser & He, April 2021“Making it Happen:  A Proposal for Providing Affordable, High-quality, On-demand Mobility for All in the “Trentons” of this World”

Orf467F20_FinalReport “Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System” Kornhauser & He, March 2021 “AV 101 + Trenton Affordable HQ Mobility Initiative”

###

Calendar of Upcoming

                                                      Events

5th Annual Princeton  SmartDrivingCar Summit

Fall 2021 Live in Person (Covid permitting) Trenton, NJ

November 16 (evening) -> 18 2021

On the More Technical Side http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

K. Lockean’s AV Research Group at U of Texas

and     The SYMPOSIUM ON THE FUTURE NETWORKED CAR 2021 VIRTUAL EVENT

 R. Shields, 22 - 25 March, “Recordings from the conference: Session 1 plus opening: (Regulatory): https://youtu.be/UcDC8gXiUFk

                                                      Session 2: ([Cybersecurity](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)): [https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)

                                                      Session 3: [(Automated Driving Systems](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)): [https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)

                                                      Session 4: [(Communications for ADS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)) : [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso) [Read more](https://www.itu.int/en/fnc/2021/Pages/default.aspx)  Hmmmm...
                                                      Russ, thank
                                                      you for
                                                      sharing!
                                                      Alain

###

These editions re sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information head to www.motoetf.com

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 232, Zoom-Cast Episode 232 w Steven Shladover

###

F. Fishkin, Sept. 4 “Cameras alone aren’t enough to get Tesla or anyone else to driverless mobility.   So says UC Berkeley’s Steven Shladover, a leading autonomous vehicle research engineer.   He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the need for more regulation from Washington, Waymo, Cruise, Toyota, Motional and more.  Watch or listen to Smart Driving Cars Episode 232 and subscribe!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 231, Zoom-Cast Episode 231 w Michael Sena, Creator of The Dispatcher

###

F. Fishkin, Aug 27, “What’s wrong with the concept of building electric vehicles on a skateboard type platform? Consultant and The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus Tesla, Waymo and more. And the next Princeton Smart Driving Cars Summit is on the way. Watch or listen…and subscribe! Or listen.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 230, Zoom-Cast Episode 230 w/Tim Higgins, author: POWER PLAY: Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century

###

F. Fishkin, Aug 21, “Teslas, Humanoids and Elevators! What Elon Musk and Tesla delivered at AI Day 2021 was insight into the company’s remarkable technology and that may boost recruiting efforts.  So says Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser who is joined by co-host Fred Fishkin and guest Tim Higgins of the Wall Street Journal, author of POWER PLAY… Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century.   AI Day, the NHTSA investigation and Elon Musk hops on the elevator on Episode 230 of Smart Driving Cars!

                                                      Or you can
                                                      listen to
                                                      Episode 230 of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars on
                                                      Tesla's AI Day
                                                      and more with
                                                      guest Tim
                                                      Higgins of the
                                                      Wall Street
                                                      Journal
                                                      ..author of [POWER PLAY... Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century](https://anchor.fm/smartdrivingcars/episodes/Smart-Driving-Cars-Episode-230-Teslas--Humanoids-and-Elevators-e168g34).

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 229Zoom-Cast Episode 229 w/Russ Mitchell, Los Angeles Times

F. Fishkin, Aug 18, “With the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration having opened an investigation into Tesla autopilot crashes involving emergency vehicles…Los Angeles Times reporter Russ Mitchell joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at the issues facing Tesla and other vehicle makers.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 228Zoom-Cast Episode 228 Planes, Trains & Automobiles

F. Fishkin, Aug 13, “Planes, trains and automobiles. From battery powered electric light rail to the confusion over the difference between driver assistance and self driving to Amazon’s new 1.5 billion dollar U.S. air cargo hub…the focus is on the latest in mobility. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for episode 228 of Smart Driving Cars. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 226, Zoom-Cast Episode 226 w/Tim Higgins, author: POWER PLAY: Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century

###

F. Fishkin, July 22, “The Wall Street Journal’s Tim Higgins has a new book arriving August 3rd titled POWER PLAY: Tesla, Elon Musk and the Bet of the Century.   You can bet it’s a lively discussion with Tim on the latest Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin.    Or listen..  https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-226-with-tim-higgins-author-of-power-play.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 225Zoom-Cast Episode 225 w/Kevin Biesty, Deputy Director for Policy @ Arizona DoT

F. Fishkin, July 22, “Chandler, Arizona is the one place where paying customers can take advantage of driverless robo-taxis (from Waymo) to get where they are going.   How did that happen?  What does the future hold? Kevin Biesty, Arizona’s Deputy Director for Policy at the Department of Transportation,  joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for an in depth discussion. Plus.. Ford, Argo, Lyft, Tesla, Mercedes & more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 224Zoom-Cast Episode 224  w/Selika Josiah Talbot, Principal, Autonomous Vehicle Consulting

F. Fishkin, July 19, “Does there need to be a White House appointed autonomous and electric vehicle  czar to open up new mobility possibilities for all? That’s the view of Selika Josiah Talbott..a government veteran who now heads Autonomous Vehicle Consulting and lectures at American University. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a deeper look at how the technology can be deployed to improve lives.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 223Zoom-Cast Episode 223  w/Richard Mudge, Compass Transp.  & Baruch Feigenbaum, Reason Foundation

F. Fishkin, July 15, “Can Tesla (and others) make automatic emergency braking work? Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser continues his push and is joined by the Reason Foundation’s Baruch Feigenbaum and Compass Transportation & Technology President Dick Mudge along with co-host Fred Fishkin to explore this week’ss Transportation Research Board sessions. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 222Zoom-Cast Episode 222

F. Fishkin, July 11, “Is it time for autopilot to not break the law? Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser says yes.  And if technology can save lives, prevent injuries and crashes shouldn’t it? Plus Richard Branson, Jeff Bezos, Waymo, VW and more on Episode 222 of Smart Driving Cars with co-host Fred Fishkin. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 221Zoom-Cast Episode 221   w/Mark Rosekind, Chief Safety Innovation Officer, Zoox

F. Fishkin, July 1, “With Zoox the Amazon owned autonomous mobility company out with a comprehensive safety report.. Chief Safety Innovation Officer Dr. Mark Rosekind joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What is so different about the Zoox approach to building a vehicle and safety?   What is the company’s vision for future mobility and transportation. Dr. Rosekind fills us in on those issues and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 220Zoom-Cast Episode 220    w/John Thornhill, Innovation Editor, Financial Times

F. Fishkin, July 1, “Sociology not technology will decide the electric car race. That’s a Financial Times headline from a piece written by Innovation Editor John Thornhill…who joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a lively discussion on that…plus Tesla…autonomous mobility and more.   John is also the founder of Sifted.eu.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 219Zoom-Cast Episode 219   w/Michael Sena, Editor, The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, June 29 , “Why couldn’t a smart driving car prevent Alain’s crash with a deer? How important is exact location for highly automated driving?   And NHTSA wants reports on all automated vehicle system crashes.  The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 218Zoom-Cast Episode 218   w/Xinfeng Le, Waymo Product Manager

F. Fishkin, June 10 , “Have questions about Waymo’s partnership with JB Hunt to test autonomous trucks in Texas?  So do we and Waymo’s Product Manager, Xinfeng Le joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin to provide answers. Plus.. Waymo raises 2 and a half billion dollars, MacKenzie Scott gives away billions, start-up Waabi comes out of stealth, Argo AI plans an IPO and more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 217Zoom-Cast Episode 217 w/Christorpher Mims, Columnist, Wall Street Journal

F. Fishkin, June 7 , “Are self-driving cars still decades ahead?  Wall Street Jopurnal columnist and author Christopher Mims joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at the progress and roadblocks. Plus the latest on Tesla, Cruise, the dramatic rise in road deaths during Covid and more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 216Zoom-Cast Episode 216   w/Michael Sena, editor The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, May 28 , “The Future of Mobility is Slowly Coming Into Focus. That’s on top in the June edition of The Dispatcher. From Sweden, publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus better batteries, May Mobility, Tesla and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 215Zoom-Cast Episode 215   w/Cade Metz, Correspondent, NY Times & Ken Pyle, editor, Viodi.com

F. Fishkin, May 27 , “The Costly Pursuit of Self Driving Cars Continues On and On and On.  That’s the headline of a NY Times story this week.  The reporter, Cade Metz, also the author of a new book on artificial intelligence, joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser, co-host Fred Fishkin and guest Ken Pyle of Viodi View..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 214Zoom-Cast Episode 214

F. Fishkin, May 23 , “An interview with the chief engineer behind Ford’s F150 Lightning EV truck…Waymo shares rider stories and the AFL-CIO tells Congress autonomous vehicles should be required to have human operators. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for those stories and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 213Zoom-Cast Episode 213  w/Robbie Diamond; Founder, Securing America’s Future Energy

F. Fishkin, May 14 , “The autonomous mobility competition with China. What will it take to succeed? Securing America’s Future Energy founder Robbie Diamond dives in with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus the latest on #AutoX, #Tesla,  #GM, #TuSimple and more. Remember to subscribe! And check out this SAFE panel discussion too.  “..

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 212Zoom-Cast Episode 212 w/Ken Pyle

F. Fishkin, May 8 , “Where does Waymo go from here?   Is GM really going to market personal autonomous vehicles? Viodi View managing editor Ken Pyle joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at those issues plus Volkswagen, Tesla, Argo and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 211Zoom-Cast Episode 211  w/ Michael Sena, Editor of The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, May 1 , “There’s plenty of combustion around the issue of banning internal combustion engines (ICE). Consultant and The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins us for a look at what makes sense…and what doesn’t. Plus #Tesla,#Toyota#Volkswagen#Baidu and progress in Florida. …”

 SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 210Zoom-Cast Episode 210  w/Ken Pyle & Louis Aaron’23

F. Fishkin, April 26 , “Passengers at the Las Vegas Convention Center are about to get their first taste of the new underground mobility service from Elon Musk’s The Boring Company. Princeton student Louis Aaron has been working there and he joins Viodi View Managing Editor Ken Pyle, Princeton’s Alain ..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 209Zoom-Cast Episode 209  w/Clifford Winston, Brookings Inst.

F. Fishkin, April , “The Texas #Tesla crash that killed two continues to make headlines. The impact on the electric and automated vehicle industries? From the Brookings Institution, senior fellow Clifford Winston joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at what the real focus should be on..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 208Zoom-Cast Episode 208  w/Prof. Stephen Still, U. of Buffalo

F. Fishkin, April 18, “What does it take to bring about mobility for all in the real world? With help from the federal DOT and a team at the University of Buffalo…some big steps are being taken there. Professor Stephen Still joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus, Tesla, Uber, Cruise and more on Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 207Zoom-Cast Episode 207  w/Selika Josiah Talbott

F. Fishkin, April 10 , “When a driverless vehicle crashes…what should passengers, other vehicle owners, law enforcement and first responders do? American University Professor Selika Josiah Talbott says the time for planning is now. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Apple and more in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 206Zoom-Cast Episode 206 w/Stan Young, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

F. Fishkin, April 2, “When it comes to future mobility, what will fuel the vehicles? How can the shortcomings of electric vehicles be overcome? Stanley Young, Mobility Systems team lead for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 205Zoom-Cast Episode 205 w/Michael Sena; Editor The Dispatcher. President, MLSena Consulting

F. Fishkin, March 26, “Every driverless car should take the same tests that we take..and have the same responsibilities. So says Michael L. Sena in the latest edition of The Dispatcher. He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the latest from Tesla and more…on Episode 205 of Smart Driving Cars…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 204Zoom-Cast Episode 204  w/Andrew Rose, President, OnStar Insurance Services

F. Fishkin, March 15, “.With GM aiming to upend the car insurance industry, the President of the automaker’s new OnStar Insurance Services, Andrew Rose joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What advantages will OnStar insurance bring to the table…and a look at the future of auto insurance..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 203Zoom-Cast Episode 203 AV 101: A. Kornhauser F. Fishkin, March 13, “.GM’s move to transform auto insurance through OnStar Insurance: Is it a win, win for all?      Is adaptive cruise control prompting some drivers to speed?     And what does Tesla really mean by “full self driving”? Just some of the questions tackled  in the latest edition of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 202Zoom-Cast Episode 202 President & CEO, RoadDB

F. Fishkin, March 3, “When will we be able to purchase cars that can largely drive themselves? It may not be long…but don’t expect to vacate the driver’s seat.  That’s the view of entrepreneur, tech pioneer and RoadDB CEO Russ Shields.   He takes an in depth look at where we are and where we’re headed with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 201Zoom-Cast Episode 201 w/Michael Sena, Publisher of The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, Feb. 26, “Smarter cars need smarter assembly…and location matters.   The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at that, politics, climate and carmakers…plus Tesla, Velodyne, Foxconn and more..” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 200Zoom-Cast Episode 200 w/Edwin Olsen, CEO, May Mobility F. Fishkin, Feb. 22, “How May Mobility is building confidence in autonomous transportation and creating a road map for growth through the pandemic and beyond. CEO and co-founder Edwin Olson joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.”

Link to previous SDC PodCasts & ZoomCasts

Recent Highlights of:

###

                                                      September 12,
                                                      2021

                                                      ['It's a Godsend': 9-Cent Taxi Rides in Rural South Korea](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/11/world/asia/south-korea-100-won-taxis.html)

                                                      C.
                                                      Sang-Hun,Sep.
                                                      11, "The group
                                                      were waiting
                                                      for what would
                                                      once have been
                                                      an
                                                      unaffordable
                                                      luxury in this
                                                      rural corner
                                                      of the country
                                                      — a taxi to
                                                      take them
                                                      shopping and
                                                      to doctors'
                                                      appointments
                                                      in the county
                                                      seat 20
                                                      minutes away.

                                                      But even the
                                                      poorest among
                                                      them could
                                                      easily afford
                                                      this ride.
                                                      Each
                                                      passenger's
                                                      share of the
                                                      total fare
                                                      would be
                                                      measured not
                                                      in dollars but
                                                      in cents.

                                                      "It's a
                                                      godsend," said
                                                      one of the
                                                      passengers, Na
                                                      Jeong-soon,
                                                      85..."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/09/11/world/asia/south-korea-100-won-taxis.html) We can learn something from this, especially in
                                                      looking at the
                                                      real
                                                      opportunity
                                                      with
                                                      autonomousTaxis...
                                                      High-quality
                                                      affordable
                                                      shared
                                                      mobility for
                                                      all. What
                                                      Valley Metro
                                                      included in
                                                      investigating
                                                      in their
                                                      [study below](https://ktar.com/story/4668018/study-with-waymo-shows-riders-prefer-self-driving-vehicles-report-finds/).
                                                      Alain
                                                      September 4,
                                                      2021

                                                      [In a patch of Arizona, everyone knows Waymo. But few use it.](https://www.morningbrew.com/emerging-tech/stories/2021/08/23/patch-arizona-everyone-knows-waymo-use) R.
                                                      Duffy, Aug 23,
                                                      "Chandler,
                                                      Arizona, is a
                                                      city of just
                                                      over 250,000
                                                      that's located
                                                      southeast of
                                                      Phoenix. Like
                                                      most of
                                                      Arizona, it's
                                                      hot, dry, and
                                                      lined with
                                                      cacti and palm
                                                      trees.

                                                      But unlike
                                                      most of
                                                      Arizona—or
                                                      virtually
                                                      anywhere else
                                                      in the
                                                      world—Chandler
                                                      residents
                                                      share the road
                                                      with fully
                                                      driverless
                                                      robotaxis,
                                                      courtesy of
                                                      Waymo. As
                                                      Stacy, a
                                                      Chandler
                                                      resident, told
                                                      us, "Waymos
                                                      are like
                                                      rabbits in my
                                                      neighborhood."

                                                      Since October
                                                      2020, the
                                                      Alphabet
                                                      subsidiary has
                                                      been running
                                                      its driverless
                                                      ride-hail
                                                      service, Waymo
                                                      One, in a
                                                      50-square-mile
                                                      service area
                                                      that
                                                      encompasses
                                                      parts of
                                                      Chandler,
                                                      Tempe, Mesa,
                                                      and Gilbert.
                                                      Anyone with a
                                                      smartphone,
                                                      credit card,
                                                      and GPS
                                                      coordinates in
                                                      the service
                                                      area can hail
                                                      a completely
                                                      driverless
                                                      ride of their
                                                      own.

In December 2018, Waymo opened Waymo One (with safety drivers) to the general public, expanding beyond an early rider program available to pre-approved, NDA-bound Phoenix residents. The company’s current testing zone, for driverless and safety operator-supervised vehicles, stretches across roughly 100 square miles.

                                                      And although
                                                      residents
                                                      living in or
                                                      near the
                                                      service area
                                                      may be used to
                                                      seeing Waymo's
                                                      glossy-white,
                                                      sensor-laden
                                                      Chrysler
                                                      Pacificas
                                                      roving around,
                                                      the chances
                                                      they've ridden
                                                      in one are
                                                      much, much
                                                      lower. .."  [Read more](https://www.morningbrew.com/emerging-tech/stories/2021/08/23/patch-arizona-everyone-knows-waymo-use) As I've been writing, Chandler is a great place to
                                                      test
                                                      Driverless
                                                      mobility to
                                                      make sure it
                                                      at least
                                                      begins to
                                                      work; however,
                                                      the value in
                                                      the technology
                                                      is not as
                                                      amusement or
                                                      thrill ride or
                                                      as circus
                                                      sideshow.  The
                                                      value is its
                                                      ability to
                                                      affordably
                                                      deliver high
                                                      quality
                                                      on-demand
                                                      mobility.  It
                                                      will be a long
                                                      time before it
                                                      can provide a
                                                      higher quality
                                                      of service
                                                      that a
                                                      chauffeured
                                                      "Black car" or
                                                      limousine, so
                                                      it can't
                                                      compete for
                                                      those
                                                      traveling on
                                                      an expense
                                                      account or the
                                                      well to do.
                                                      It also can't
                                                      really compete
                                                      to serve the
                                                      Drive-it-Yourself
                                                      (DiY) folks
                                                      that can
                                                      afford to buy
                                                      their own cars
                                                      and park them
                                                      for free when
                                                      not in use.
                                                      Conventional
                                                      mobility
                                                      serves all of
                                                      these folks
                                                      very well.

Where this form of mobility has a real advantage is to serve folks who are required to conform to mobility whose very limited service is provided on a “take-it-or-leave-it” operational philosophy.  Services that operate between few fixed locations at strictly stipulated times specified by the service provider.  The disparity in service is incredible between mobility options that respond directly to customer needs in terms of from/to/when (walking, DiY personal car, Uber/Lyft/taxi/limousine/WaymoOne) and public transit’s “take-it-or-leave-it” customer service approach.

Consequently, Waymo’s market opportunity is in places where customer demand is by folks who can’t DiY and aren’t on an expense account and can’t afford Uber/Lyft/taxi/limousine.  Places like Trenton, New Jersey where 70% of the households have at most one car as opposed to Chandler where 70% of households have two or more cars.  In Chandler, Waymo has to go far and wide (“50 sq. mi.) to find customers for which the Waymo One service is indeed better than what they already enjoy.  In cities like Trenton, those folks exist in a compact 8 sq. mi. area. Seems like a no-brainer that Waymo Two should be in Trentons. Alain August 27, 2021 blue; text-decoration: none;”>

                                                      [Not So Easy to Pop a Top Hat on a BEV Skateboard, plus more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/jaau5r3mbqetqoj/The-Dispatcher_September-2021.pdf?dl=0)

M. Sena, Issue (08-10) , Aug. 25,” Some of you are fans of Douglas Adamsand will enjoy this month’s Musings. Sometimes a little humor helps to get a serious point across better than trying to be seriously persuasive.

                                                      The lead
                                                      article in
                                                      this issue is
                                                      the first part
                                                      of a two-part
                                                      series. This
                                                      month I
                                                      discuss why
                                                      there is still
                                                      a chance for
                                                      the Western
                                                      automotive
                                                      OEMs to stay
                                                      in the game of
                                                      manufacturing
                                                      cars, rather
                                                      than being
                                                      relegated to
                                                      assemblers of
                                                      battery
                                                      electric
                                                      vehicle
                                                      components.
                                                      Next month I
                                                      examine why
                                                      the position
                                                      they have held
                                                      for the past
                                                      century, King
                                                      of the Hill,
                                                      is about to be
                                                      challenged.

                                                      In the second
                                                      article is
                                                      focused on the
                                                      need for
                                                      cooperation
                                                      between robot
                                                      and driver in
                                                      highly
                                                      automated
                                                      driving. If
                                                      Tesla had done
                                                      a better job
                                                      on this score
                                                      it could have
                                                      avoided being
                                                      called on the
                                                      carpet by the
                                                      National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety Administration. We'll see where that leads.

                                                      Dispatch
                                                      Central, as
                                                      usual,
                                                      attempts to
                                                      have something
                                                      for everyone.
                                                      I've called
                                                      the European
                                                      Commission out
                                                      for a major
                                                      miss in its
                                                      intelligent
                                                      speed
                                                      assistance
                                                      regulation,
                                                      not for
                                                      passing it but
                                                      for not making
                                                      it as robust
                                                      as it should
                                                      be.

                                                      Yes, I did use
                                                      these summer
                                                      months to
                                                      start work on
                                                      a follow-up to
                                                      the Princeton SmartDrivingCars Summit, and I did enjoy a very pleasant summer here in
                                                      Sweden. I hope
                                                      you enjoyed
                                                      your summer as
                                                      well wherever
                                                      and however
                                                      you spent it.
                                                      M. Sena"

Read more Hmmmm… Enjoy & Learn this month’s Dispatcher ( especially how to “… turn… pig’s ear into a silk purse…; no-brainers (P. 17); Some interesting Statistics on World energy & BEVs (P.18, thank you Fred Dryer),  a possible upside for coal mines (P. 19), why ‘Level 3’ is even less probable than ‘Level 5’ which is reached only ‘in the limit as time goes to infinity’ and Evolutionary Domesticity (P. 29) and the answer is ‘42’ ! Listen/watch to the Pod/Zoom-Cast 231 with Michael, Fred and me centered on this issue. Alain

                                                      August 20,
                                                      2021
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

   L4 Autonomous Truck Driving will not be so simple for TuSimple Holdings Inc. (NASDAQ: TSP) Why we believe the Company is All Smoke and Mirrors

Grizzly Research, Aug 10, “ TSP is the one of the latest hot China based IPO of an ambitious autonomous driving technology company, but we believe the company has systematically lied and misrepresented key information. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Devastating. Grizzly is focused on the short side, so read carefully. Bias may exist here.

My “back of the envelope”:  Looks like TuSimple is expecting $0.35/mile revenue for their AV stack on Class 8 trucks.  This is 50% of professional driver costs. Fine if you can eliminate the driver. Not so fine if an attendant is still there.

No way anyone can really begin to eliminate a driver on any stretch of the US interstate highway system for at least 2 years where there is any substantial volume of trucks. The “2 years” assumes that “attended” operation has encountered “few” disengagements, all of which have been appropriately resolved and there have been no “spectacular “ crashes by anyone involving Driverless Trucks in North America. (“Attended” means that there is at least one professional driver overseeing the “driverless” operation. “few”… you pick a number greater than zero. Disengagements… the professional driver intervened so as to avoid a “spectacular” crash. “Spectacular” crash is one that goes viral (Herzberg/Fukushima/Chernobyl/Diana). “2 years” … pick a number….)

Point is…, everyone is still in a substantial testing phase that has similar duration to Waymo’s/GM-Cruise/ Ford-Argo testing phases (5+ years) which necessarily precedes market introduction which then involves its own ramp-up phase (which hasn’t been going well for Waymo and the others haven’t even started.)  So pick a number. During that time, TuSimple’s investors will need to pick up the tab for all of the people and all of the “liDars”, etc. used in testing and marketing initiatives before they can recognize any substantial $0.35/truck-mile revenue (minus any costs of the “AI-driver” software/sensor/processor/communications stack..  pick a number.  In the initial ramp up of sales, this number can easily be greater than $0.35/mile).

TSP better be really good! Plus,  they can’t afford any slip ups, nor have anyone else crash; else, Grizzly is going to do very well thank you. Alain

                                                      August 13,
                                                      2021   [CMU's Posner Lays Track for Future of Rail Transit](https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2021/august/future-of-rail-transit.html) M
                                                      Henninger, Aug
                                                      11, "A bright
                                                      orange,
                                                      battery-powered
                                                      train breaks
                                                      the lush green
                                                      stillness of
                                                      Rockhill
                                                      Furnace,
                                                      Pennsylvania,
                                                      as it
                                                      traverses
                                                      track
                                                      originally
                                                      laid in 1876.
                                                      At the helm in
                                                      a bright
                                                      green/yellow
                                                      safety vest,
                                                      Meg Richards
                                                      tweaks the
                                                      throttle and
                                                      brakes as the
                                                      two-car train
                                                      passes by
                                                      baseball
                                                      fields,
                                                      crosses
                                                      streets and
                                                      completes the
                                                      day's test
                                                      run.

                                                      Along for the
                                                      ride, Henry
                                                      Posner III,
                                                      the chairman
                                                      of Railroad
                                                      Development
                                                      Corporation
                                                      (RDC) and an
                                                      adjunct
                                                      instructor at
                                                      Carnegie
                                                      Mellon
                                                      University,
                                                      sits eager to
                                                      demonstrate
                                                      his vision for
                                                      a rail-based
                                                      mass transit
                                                      system in the
                                                      United States.
                                                      The original
                                                      concept for
                                                      Pop-Up Metro —
                                                      a
                                                      battery-powered,
                                                      modular train
                                                      that can be
                                                      inserted onto
                                                      existing
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      — evolved in
                                                      parallel with
                                                      his Department
                                                      of History
                                                      class, The
                                                      American
                                                      Railroad-Decline
                                                      and
                                                      Renaissance in
                                                      the Era of
                                                      Deregulation.

                                                      "There are
                                                      more
                                                      possibilities
                                                      for railroads
                                                      than you might
                                                      think," said
                                                      Posner, who
                                                      together with
                                                      his wife,
                                                      University
                                                      Trustee Anne
                                                      Molloy, is
                                                      also a
                                                      generous
                                                      benefactor of
                                                      CMU. "A lot of
                                                      urban areas in
                                                      this country
                                                      have
                                                      underutilized
                                                      freight lines
                                                      that could
                                                      also support
                                                      transit
                                                      service.
                                                      People might
                                                      not have
                                                      considered
                                                      these
                                                      opportunities
                                                      because it's
                                                      been perceived
                                                      as too
                                                      expensive, too
                                                      lengthy and
                                                      too risky.
                                                      With Pop-Up
                                                      Metro, you can
                                                      do that
                                                      project
                                                      quickly on a
                                                      demonstration
                                                      basis. You
                                                      don't have to
                                                      spend $100
                                                      million."..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.cmu.edu/news/stories/archives/2021/august/future-of-rail-transit.html)Hmmmm...
                                                      [Watch video](https://youtu.be/TSjAozf2r3g).
                                                      Fantastic for
                                                      those not
                                                      ready for
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      and those that
                                                      are, inducing
                                                      yours truly.
                                                      Alain
                                                      August 6, 2021

  DECISION AUTHORIZING DEPLOYMENT OF DRIVERED AND DRIVERLESS AUTONOMOUS VEHICLE PASSENGER SERVICE CPUC, Nov 23, ‘20, “This decision creates two new autonomous vehicle programs that authorize fare collection (deployment programs), one for drivered autonomous vehicles and the other for driverless autonomous vehicles. Among other requirements, applicants to the existing driverless pilot program and the new driverless deployment program must submit Passenger Safety Plans that outline their plans to protect passenger safety for driverless operations.

                                                      In addition,
                                                      the decision
                                                      establishes
                                                      four goals
                                                      that apply to
                                                      both the
                                                      existing pilot
                                                      programs and
                                                      the new
                                                      deployment
                                                      programs; 1.)
                                                      Protect
                                                      passenger
                                                      safety; 2.)
                                                      Expand the
                                                      benefits of AV
                                                      technologies
                                                      to all of
                                                      Californians,
                                                      including
                                                      people with
                                                      disabilities;
                                                      3.) Improve
                                                      transportation
                                                      options for
                                                      all,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      communities
                                                      and low-income
                                                      communities;
                                                      and 4.) Reduce
                                                      greenhouse gas
                                                      emissions,
                                                      criteria air
                                                      pollutants,
                                                      and toxic air
                                                      contaminants,
                                                      particularly
                                                      in
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      communities.
                                                      The Commission
                                                      will collect
                                                      data to
                                                      monitor permit
                                                      holders’
                                                      progress
                                                      toward each of
                                                      the goals...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/fiwy5ou01zo6tp6/CA%20PU%20Autonomous%20Vehicle%20Deployment%20Decision.PDF?dl=0) Hmmmm...
                                                      Sorry for not
                                                      reporting this
                                                      sooner, and
                                                      thank you Doug
                                                      Coventry for
                                                      bringing it to
                                                      my attention.
                                                      It is must
                                                       reading
                                                      for any
                                                      jurisdiction
                                                      making
                                                      regulations
                                                      regarding the
                                                      provision of
                                                      autonomousTaxi
                                                      mobility.

Its four goals are laudable, especially the 3rd, even if it may end up violating part of the 4th. Moreover, the clauses of the 3rd should be re-ordered to be: … Improve transportation options for disadvantaged communities, low income communities and those with disabilities, and, if possible, for all… This also reduces the goals to 3 important ones, … safety, the environment and improved mobility for those that have been left behind by the personal automobile

Of course, one wants to improve mobility for those that drive their own personal car; however, that is a entrenched well-served set of customers that are not readily going to flip from driving their car to something that isn’t really better and may largely be perceived as no cigar. Certainly, the public sector should in no way use public resources to give car drivers yet another good but inferior choice as was done with many public transportation investments that actually provide inferior mobility to those that were to be attract as customers. These systems are rebuffed by many that they were intended to be taken off the road for the trips they already make, let alone deliver quality-of-life benefits by providing mobility to new places that they couldn’t previously access.

A properly designed Operational Design Domain focused on from and where low income communities want to go is, to my mind, where the best opportunity exits for these safe, environmentally responsible systems .  In such ODDs these driverless aTaxis can actually improve quality-of-life; and thus, deserve accommodation and promotion by public agencies such as CPUC. Alain

                                                      July 30, 2021

  Nikola Founder Trevor Milton Charged With Lying to Investors C. . Ramey, July 29, “Trevor Milton, the founder of Nikola Corp. and onetime executive chairman of the electric-truck startup, was indicted Thursday on securities-fraud charges for what prosecutors said was a scheme to mislead investors about the company’s product and technology development.

                                                      Mr. Milton
                                                      faces two
                                                      counts of
                                                      securities
                                                      fraud and one
                                                      count of wire
                                                      fraud,
                                                      according to
                                                      the
                                                      indictment.
                                                      The U.S.
                                                      attorney's
                                                      office in
                                                      Manhattan,
                                                      which brought
                                                      the charges,
                                                      is set to make
                                                      an
                                                      announcement
                                                      about the
                                                      indictment on
                                                      Thursday
                                                      morning.

                                                      A spokesman
                                                      for Mr. Milton
                                                      didn't
                                                      immediately
                                                      comment. Last
                                                      year, Mr.
                                                      Milton said on
                                                      Twitter that
                                                      he intended to
                                                      defend himself
                                                      against "false allegations".  [He resigned from Nikola in Septembe](https://www.wsj.com/articles/nikola-chairman-steps-down-as-company-faces-probe-11600672351?mod=article_inline)r
                                                      as [concerns mounted about the startup darling](https://www.wsj.com/articles/justice-department-probes-electric-truck-startup-nikola-over-claims-it-misled-investors-11600199462?mod=article_inline)that
                                                      had attracted
                                                      backing from
                                                      some of the
                                                      industry's
                                                      biggest names.

                                                      Nikola wasn't
                                                      charged. The
                                                      company said
                                                      that Mr.
                                                      Milton hasn't
                                                      been involved
                                                      in the
                                                      company's
                                                      operations or
                                                      communications
                                                      since his
                                                      resignation.
                                                      "Nikola has
                                                      cooperated
                                                      with the
                                                      government
                                                      throughout the
                                                      course of its
                                                      inquiry," the
                                                      company's
                                                      statement
                                                      said. "We
                                                      remain
                                                      committed to
                                                      our previously
                                                      announced
                                                      milestones and
                                                      timelines and
                                                      are focused on
                                                      delivering
                                                      Nikola Tre
                                                      battery-electric
                                                      trucks later
                                                      this year from
                                                      the company's
                                                      manufacturing facilities."..."  [Read more](https://www.wsj.com/articles/nikola-founder-trevor-milton-charged-with-lying-to-investors-11627563648)  Hmmmm...  Speaks for itself. Alain

                                                      July 23, 2021

  Upward Urban & Rural Mobility via Autonomous Mobility K. Pyle, July 19, “It is said that a picture is worth a thousand words. The picture Selika Josiah Talbott chose for her virtual backdrop at the recent 2021 TRB Annual Automated Road Transportation Symposium sums up the mobility challenges that urban and rural locales face with existing infrastructure, particularly in low-income areas. Joining Talbott on this panel were experts opining on Talbott’s insightful comments about autonomous mobility and its potential to provide upward mobility….”  Read more  Hmmmm…  Simply a must read. This is the real market for autonomousTaxis (aTaxis). Alain

                                                      July 17, 2021    [2021 TRB Annual Automated Road Transportation Symposium](http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/181880.aspx) July 12
                                                      -> 15,
                                                      "..."  [Read more](http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/181880.aspx)  Hmmmm...I haven't been able to
                                                      find a public
                                                      source for any
                                                      of the content
                                                      from the
                                                      symposium but
                                                      there were at
                                                      least three
                                                      sessions (of
                                                      the few that I
                                                      was able to
                                                      attend) that
                                                      were really
                                                      good.  One
                                                      was [B-101- An inside Look at Policy-Making for Automated Vehicles](https://trb-arts.secure-platform.com/a/solicitations/73/sessiongallery/899),
                                                      moderated by
                                                      Baruch
                                                      Feigenbaum of
                                                      the Reason
                                                      Foundation.
                                                      Pay particular
                                                      attention to
                                                      the insights
                                                      offered by
                                                      Kevin Biesty
                                                      of Arizona
                                                      DoT.  So far,
                                                      no one in the
                                                      world has done
                                                      it better.

A second one was B204-Inclusive by Design: Creating an Equitable and Accessible Automated Future, moderated by Charlotte Frei.

The third was Richard Mudge’s   B402- Shark Tank: Everything from Free Freight to AV for Low-Income Travelers to how many AV Firms will Survive?. (Spoil alert… the answer is   . Selika Talbot’s presentation was absolutely fantastic. See PodCast/ZoomCast below for a discussion of parts of this session. Fred and I hope to do PodCasts/ZoomCasts with Selika and Kevin in the coming week.

Hopefully TRB will broadly distribute the recorded videos of these and the other sessions.  One caution is that even in this community there is substantial confusion introduced over terminology which ends up having people talk by rather than with each other.  This was an “Automated Road Transportation” symposium. One aspect of road transportation is the fundamental role of the human driver. It is very different than that of elevators that go from A to B without any direct human driver/operator intervention. The customer only tells the elevator what floor to go to. Everything else in the up/down mobility process is automated within the elevator’s Operational Design Domain (which is usually in a shaft, stooping only at designated stopping locations (floors) with centimeter accuracy but only when when sufficient power exists to perform the various operations. (Note: “Level 5 elevators” (operate under any power-available condition) will “never” exist.).  It is easy for us to see the phenomenal difference in the societal value that can be achieved in elevators that deliver safe, shared-ride, on-demand 24/7 mobility, indiscriminately to essentially everyone. Unfortunately, precious little of that broad societal value can be achieved unless the elevator’s safe operation can be achieved without a human operator/driver.

This is a bang-bang situation. Either you have it or you don’t.  Coming close doesn’t cut it.

It doesn’t mean that human operated elevators don’t deliver value to individual owners.  My neighbor across the street has a dumbwaiter in her house that she and her husband control manually to move things including themselves up and down in their house. Works great. Real value. They both remain capable of performing the manual operations for themselves and if they charge themselves for the labor, they gain that charge so the transaction nets to zero labor cost. charge themselves . While some benefits (comfort & convenience) might be gained by them by automating some of the operating functions, full automation would be silly unless at least some number of neighbors would improve their quality-of-life if only they could easily go up and down in their house.  That latent demand for improved quality-of-life does exist in tall buildings. It’s been consumed in a large part because elevators became operatorless and not just operator assisted. Shared and not quite door2door shortcomings are endured. 24/7, on-demand, affordable (especially for the rent payer on the “14th” floor. So much so that they just pick up the tab for the elevators that deliver accessibility to/from the “14th floor”) are the fundamental mobility attributes that totally dominate the competition for mobility afforded by the stairwell. Without the elimination of the operator/driver, the 24/7, on-demand, affordable trifecta is not deliverable to anybody.

Way too often during the Symposium automation that explicitly requires the continued presence of a driver and is only at best a comfort & convenience feature  as ascribed benefits that accrue only for systems that achieve safe driverless operation. There is no getting away from it, automation that assist drivers is radically different than automation that replaces drivers. Hopefully next year we can have 2 AV conferences. One that focuses on automation to assist human drivers and one that focuses on technology and deployments that replaces the driver.

As far as connectivity goes, we need to realize that it is a nice2have, not a need2have. Since it can only deliver value among pairs of adopters, it struggles getting started by itself when it needs to find a partner. Unfortunately, road vehicles have performed well for more than 100 years without much connectivity and automation at this point is saying: you aren’t much help and we can’t afford to carry you along.  Alain July 11, 2021

  Tesla Says Autopilot Makes Its Cars Safer. Crash Victims Say It Kills. Neal Boudette, July 5, “ Benjamin Maldonado and his teenage son were driving back from a soccer tournament on a California freeway in August 2019 when a truck in front of them slowed. Mr. Maldonado flicked his turn signal and moved right. Within seconds, his Ford Explorer pickup was hit by a Tesla Model 3 that was traveling about 60 miles per hour on Autopilot.

A six-second video captured by the Tesla and data it recorded show that neither Autopilot, Tesla’s much-vaunted system that can steer, brake and accelerate a car on its own, nor the driver slowed the vehicle until a fraction of a second before the crash…“  Read more  Hmmmm… A few comments here: 1.  Because of the suit here, hopefully more of the data associated with this crash will be made public. Future crashes such as  these seem to be covered by the recent NHTSA standing General Order requiring the data to be released without need of lawyers, assuming Tesla cooperates. 2.  Neal (slightly) overstate his plot which clearly shows the Tesla began to decelerate slightly more than a full second before impact. He also doesn’t mention what the video clearly shows that the Tesla was “cut-off” by the pickup truck.  More over the pickup applied its brakes as it was making the lane change (brake light came on).  This brake application may well have been the critical element that made the crash unavoidable. AutoPilot was likely tacking the pickup from at least the 6 seconds before collision point.  Tesla must have data on the relative longitudinal speed between the pickup and the Tesla.and it must also have an expected time-to-collision which is a critical measure as to when to kick in the Automated Emergency Braking System. Once again, my main concern here is not (yet) about the performance of AutoPilot, but the performance of Tesla’s Automated Emergency Braking System (AEBS).  This is a rear-end crash.  It is the responsibility of the AEBS to avert these crashes. Seems as if the AEBS did NOT properly anticipate the pick-up’s maneuver nor properly monitor time-to-collision. My recommendation here is to improve the AEBS.

3.  Comments implying that radar would have been better at identifying the ‘cut-off’ are questionable. Lane intrusion is only partial until about 3 seconds before impact. Radar does not return lateral relative-speed, only longitudinal relative-speed.  Who knows what lag exists in determining lateral speed and the accuracy of that determination. I doubt that either are very good web based on radar.  My guess is that image processing at better than 20Hz would do best in this clear situation.

4.  Interpretation of the turn signal can only be done with image processing (to my knowledge.)

5.  Nothing is reported about any horn actuation (or if autoPilot even uses the horn). The brake application by the pickup may have been an impulsive response to a horn blow by the Tesla.

6.  There seems to be no indication by the driver of the pick-up that he saw the Tesla coming.

7.  The Tesla data likely also has its closing speed on the panel truck and thus the closing speed of the pick-up to the panel truck.  This information may help us to begin to understand the extent to which the pickup was tailgating the panel truck. 8.  To me, AutoPilot’s main issue is: should it allow “passing on the right” when “passing on the right” is illegal. The reason it is illegal is because it leads to crashes like this one, that is an issue that should be taken up by NHTSA and NTSB.  To what extent should any of these automated driving devices engage in “illegal” driving?  My current view (subject to change) is:     a. Up to 9 mph over is OK.     b.  Rolling through a stop sign is OK, if it is determined that time to any likely collision is greater than 5 seconds (meaning you must be able to “see” at least 5 seconds away at speed limit +9 (or something similar)

    c.   Cross double line as long  as oncoming traffic has slowed to under 25 mph and has room to proceed by squeezing right (or something like that).

    d.   Pass on the right as long as all pertinent vehicles in the two lanes are moving at less than 25 mph (or something like that).

Alain

                                                      June 28, 2021   [How Important is Exact Localization for HAD?](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e8ql7q722zxqb13/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena,
                                                      July/Aug. '21,
                                                      "[In this issue of The Dispatcher for July and August](http://www.michaellsena.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf), I
                                                      have taken up
                                                      a subject in
                                                      the lead
                                                      article that
                                                      has been on my
                                                      list for quite
                                                      some time. It
                                                      is of how cars
                                                      that drive
                                                      themselves
                                                      keep
                                                      themselves on
                                                      the road while
                                                      they make
                                                      their journey
                                                      to their
                                                      destination.
                                                      It turns out
                                                      that there is
                                                      a very good
                                                      reason why
                                                      Teslas crash
                                                      and Waymo is
                                                      running around
                                                      only in
                                                      Chandler,
                                                      Arizona after
                                                      people who
                                                      didn't know
                                                      better
                                                      promised that
                                                      there would be
                                                      completely
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars on all
                                                      roads a decade
                                                      ago:
                                                      localization
                                                      of a moving
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      very, very
                                                      hard, even for
                                                      a human.

                                                      I encourage
                                                      you to read
                                                      Musings this
                                                      month. It's
                                                      about making
                                                      the journey to
                                                      a world
                                                      without
                                                      climate change
                                                      protests, a
                                                      world where
                                                      they either
                                                      won't be
                                                      necessary or
                                                      allowed. On
                                                      most journeys,
                                                      we have to
                                                      cross bridges.
                                                      Sometimes we
                                                      have to make
                                                      them
                                                      ourselves.
                                                      Think of the
                                                      article as the
                                                      first bridge
                                                      to cross
                                                      toward a
                                                      better
                                                      understanding
                                                      of the climate
                                                      change
                                                      journey.

                                                      Dispatch
                                                      Central
                                                      contains, as
                                                      usual,
                                                      something for
                                                      everyone.
                                                      Insurance is
                                                      addressed in
                                                      the two main
                                                      articles. In
                                                      Bits and
                                                      Pieces I have
                                                      added my
                                                      thoughts on
                                                      recent events.

                                                      This is a
                                                      double issue,
                                                      in part
                                                      because we are
                                                      going to try
                                                      to do more
                                                      this summer
                                                      than we could
                                                      do last. But
                                                      it's also
                                                      because I need
                                                      some extra
                                                      time to work
                                                      on a follow-up
                                                      to the
                                                      Princeton SmartDrivingCars Summit with Professor Alain Kornhauser. There was a
                                                      concrete
                                                      proposal put
                                                      forward by
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      during the
                                                      last session,
                                                      and many of us
                                                      who took part
                                                      in the Summit
                                                      have committed
                                                      to try to work
                                                      on
                                                      implementing
                                                      that
                                                      proposal. [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e8ql7q722zxqb13/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm... .   Once again an
                                                      outstanding The
                                                      Dispatcher.
                                                      I happen to
                                                      have a diffent
                                                      fundamental
                                                      view on"exact
                                                      localization"  than Michael, many and possibly
                                                      even everyone
                                                      else...  As
                                                      usual, I'll
                                                      take a very
                                                      self-centered
                                                      view...  I've
                                                      lived my whole
                                                      life without
                                                      knowing (or
                                                      caring to
                                                      know) my
                                                      "exact
                                                      location".
                                                      I've been
                                                      satisfied to
                                                      know: "sort
                                                      of... where am
                                                      I?" but
                                                      exact...where
                                                      am I? ... not
                                                      so much.
                                                      What  troubles
                                                      me about the
                                                      "exact where
                                                      am I" is that
                                                      this exactness
                                                      is in some
                                                      coordinate
                                                      system.  Where
                                                      is the origin
                                                      of that
                                                      coordinate
                                                      system and is
                                                      moving?  Oh,
                                                      it's the
                                                      "center" of
                                                      the earth??
                                                      Or some
                                                      "reference
                                                      point".  So
                                                      "exact" is
                                                      actually,
                                                      "exact
                                                      relative to
                                                      some reference
                                                      point.  Little
                                                      seems to ever
                                                      be said about
                                                      the
                                                      "exactness" of
                                                      the reference
                                                      point, but
                                                      that may
                                                      actually be
                                                      some saving
                                                      grace about
                                                      "exact".. it
                                                      is "exact"
                                                      relative to
                                                      some reference
                                                      point.

I see..  If the reference point is the center of the Universe, then I’d better be really-really precise; else, small small changes mean big-big differences. If the reference is the center of the earth, then I may just need to be really precise; else, small changes mean big differences. However, if the reference point is my nose and I’m trying to stay between two white lines and not hit anything, then the precision to which I need to know where things are may not need to be very precise as long as I have a little bit of leeway and still stay between the lines and leave enough room around the various objects to not hit them.

OK, safe driving requires only knowing where I am relative to objects around me to a moderate level of precision. I can do it in two ways… take the difference between two values: location of object and my location. The farther away the reference point, the more precise they will need to be if precision of the difference is to be maintained. Consequently, if the measurements are relative to my nose, the need for about as small as it can get.

Moreover, any precision data base lacks some “most” important values.. 1.  a precise value for my location and 2. a precise value for anything around me that moves (meaning it wasn’t at its current location when the HD database was assembled). Required is the ability in real time to locate and track objects relative to me (my nose, the hood ornament of my car, ..) with only some precision These objects and their location aren’t included in these precise/HD databases. What is needed is a very reliable means of identifying objects and determining their position and velocity with little latency. This is absolutely necessary;uyr;y necessary for the moving objects, might as well do it also for the stationary objects.  Alain

Please don’t suggest that one needs an HD map database in order to run their SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) algorithm. That algorithm needs as input the relative position (sensor observations) of objects . The capability to determine those inputs is all that is needed to do collision avoidance, so don’t even bother going through the SLAM computation and certainly don’t pay for a reference data set.

                                                      May 29, 2021   [The Future of Mobility is Slowly Coming into Focus](https://www.dropbox.com/s/bpeklrq3sgutu1l/The-Dispatcher_June-2021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena, June
                                                      2021,
                                                      "...Mobility-as-a-service
                                                      would provide
                                                      the business
                                                      model to tie
                                                      everything
                                                      together,
                                                      perhaps as an
                                                      extension of
                                                      your
                                                      phone/broadband
                                                      subscription.
                                                      Private car
                                                      ownership
                                                      would soon be
                                                      a relic of a
                                                      bygone age.

This is an interesting narrative, but is not a correct one. Even before COVID-19 changed how people have been living outside of China since Friday, the 13th of March 2020, the picture of everything happening in high density cities was a rumor that companies like WEWORK spread to build their houses of cards. …

One effect of changes that have occurred in where people live and work in and around big cities is a phenomenon that was already well underway before the pandemic but has sped up: the demise of inner city buses. I wrote about this in the December 2018 issue of THE DISPATCHER, Is It Time to Throw the Bus Under the Bus?. I wrote:

                                                      We need to
                                                      start thinking
                                                      outside the
                                                      bus. If a city
                                                      is serious
                                                      about
                                                      providing a
                                                      useful bus
                                                      service, it
                                                      needs to run
                                                      them
                                                      everywhere and
                                                      often,
                                                      including at
                                                      night. It
                                                      must,
                                                      therefore, get
                                                      rid of cars
                                                      driving and
                                                      parking on its
                                                      streets. ..

One effect of changes that have occurred in where people live and work in and around big cities is a phenomenon that was already well underway before the pandemic but has sped up: the demise of inner city buses. I wrote about this in the December 2018 issue of THE DISPATCHER, Is It Time to Throw the Bus Under the Bus?. I wrote:

                                                      We need to
                                                      start thinking
                                                      outside the
                                                      bus. If a city
                                                      is serious
                                                      about
                                                      providing a
                                                      useful bus
                                                      service, it
                                                      needs to run
                                                      them
                                                      everywhere and
                                                      often,
                                                      including at
                                                      night. It
                                                      must,
                                                      therefore, get
                                                      rid of cars
                                                      driving and
                                                      parking on its
                                                      streets. ...
                                                      What cities
                                                      are doing
                                                      today all over
                                                      the world is
                                                      neither
                                                      providing an
                                                      adequate
                                                      service to
                                                      their citizens
                                                      nor using the
                                                      money
                                                      allocated for
                                                      transport in a
                                                      cost-effective
                                                      way...

Bite the bullet and get private cars off the big city streets

                                                      The reasons
                                                      that people
                                                      who live in
                                                      cities began
                                                      to buy cars
                                                      was that they
                                                      needed them to
                                                      get to their
                                                      jobs, the ones
                                                      that began
                                                      moving out of
                                                      the cities in
                                                      the campuses
                                                      where there
                                                      were no
                                                      transit links.
                                                      Then they
                                                      needed them to
                                                      drop off their
                                                      children to
                                                      day care
                                                      centers since
                                                      both parents
                                                      worked. Then
                                                      they needed
                                                      them to drop
                                                      off their
                                                      older
                                                      children...

As I said, it is not buses that will meet the need. Neither is it roads filled with taxis. There are taxis offering rides in Trenton and Scranton, but they are not replacing buses because they are too expensive and are often unavailable when demand for them is highest. The Uber/Lyft model can be better at meeting demand, but they are still too costly…”

Read more  Hmmmm…   Enjoy the whole issue. It is enormously well written! Also listen/watch the SDC Pod/Zoom Cast 216- below with Michael. Alain May 22, 2021

  Why I Ride with Waymo: Mike Waymo One, May 13, “… I started taking it to work, and after crunching the numbers for gas, maintenance, insurance, upkeep, and owning a depreciating investment, it was pretty much a no-brainer that we really didn’t need two cars. I sold off my car and made Waymo my choice for commuting to and from work and for trips my wife and I need to take when the other is using our car…“ Read more  Hmmmm…This is really great that he “crunched the numbers” and found it to be “pretty much a no-brainer”, which is what every real Waymo customer in Chandler has to do to become a Waymo customer.  One “doesn’t move to Chandler unless one has “two cars”.  See slide 5: 70% of the households have 2 or more cars in Chandler, so most of the folks have had to do the math to become a customer.  If Waymo offered the same service in Trenton, where 70% of the households have at most one car and 30% don’t have any, then it doesn’t take much number crunching to appreciate Waymo when walking is the next best way to go.

The Chandler Operational Design Domain (ODD) may be a great place to get the technology working.  It may well be the “easiest” ODD in the world.  A Trenton ODD may well not be all that much more difficult technologically. What Trenton does have are customers for whom what Waymo can deliver is truly a no-brainer. Alain

                                                      May 8, 2021   [Why hasn't Waymo expanded its driverless service? Here's is my theory](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/why-hasnt-waymo-expanded-its-driverless-service-heres-my-theory/)
                                                      T. Lee, May 7,
                                                      "Suburban
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      is a lousy
                                                      business to be
                                                      in.

Last October, Waymo did something remarkable: the company launched a fully driverless commercial taxi service called Waymo One. Customers in a 50-square-mile corner of suburban Phoenix can now use their smartphones to hail a Chrysler Pacifica minivan with no one in the driver’s seat.

                                                      And then...
                                                      nothing. Seven
                                                      months later,
                                                      Waymo has
                                                      neither
                                                      expanded the
                                                      footprint of
                                                      the Phoenix
                                                      service nor
                                                      has it
                                                      announced a
                                                      timeline for
                                                      launching in a
                                                      second city.

                                                      It's as if
                                                      Steve Jobs had
                                                      unveiled the
                                                      iPhone,
                                                      shipped a few
                                                      thousand
                                                      phones to an
                                                      Apple Store in
                                                      Phoenix, and
                                                      then didn't
                                                      ship any more
                                                      for months;
                                                      and wouldn't
                                                      explain why.

                                                      Last Friday,
                                                      two Waymo
                                                      employees [participated in an "ask me anything" thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/SelfDrivingCars/comments/n031vq/you_voted_and_were_excited_to_chat_about_waymo/) on
                                                      the
                                                      SelfDrivingCars
                                                      subreddit, a
                                                      watering hole
                                                      for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      industry
                                                      insiders.
                                                      Questions
                                                      about
                                                      expansion
                                                      plans
                                                      dominated the
                                                      conversation.

                                                      "How are you
                                                      going to
                                                      scale?" one
                                                      redditor
                                                      asked. "What
                                                      are the
                                                      impediments to
                                                      service
                                                      expansion at
                                                      this time?"

                                                      The Waymonauts
                                                      responded with
                                                      maddening
                                                      generalities.

                                                      "We feel the
                                                      same urgency
                                                      to scale
                                                      quickly that
                                                      others do, but
                                                      a ton of work
                                                      goes into
                                                      doing it
                                                      safely," wrote
                                                      Waymo's Sam
                                                      Kansara."  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/why-hasnt-waymo-expanded-its-driverless-service-heres-my-theory/)  Hmmmm... Not at all surprising.  Can you imagine trying to be
                                                      better than
                                                      one's own Land
                                                      Rover or
                                                      Porsche in car
                                                      country.  That
                                                      is a heavy
                                                      lift.  Making
                                                      it heavier is
                                                      the focus on
                                                      today's most
                                                      entitled
                                                      yuppies.
                                                      That's as bad
                                                      as the
                                                      original focus
                                                      of driverless
                                                      cars on
                                                      1%ers.  Waymos
                                                      are pure and
                                                      simple
                                                      mobility
                                                      machines to
                                                      get you
                                                      from/to places
                                                      horizontally,
                                                      just as
                                                      elevators do
                                                      vertically ...
                                                      just get you
                                                      up to the "8th
                                                      floor".  Why
                                                      are elevators
                                                      so successful
                                                      at what they
                                                      do?... Second
                                                      best is the
                                                      stairwell!
                                                      They win all
                                                      the time,
                                                      hands down.

In Chandler, the “stairwell” is your car parked in your garage.  You don’t even have to go outside in all that heat. Waymo’s got to be really good to beat that! Waymo might end up getting close to that good, but in the beginning chances “slim-to-none”.  Not that the car in the garage doesn’t have an enormous amount of “excess baggage”. Everyone seems to have conveniently forgotten about it. When even with all of its LiDars, radars and deepLearning, whereas the car with the Mad Men fantasies is way more than half full and your go-to mobility is your car. Your car allowed you to consider the Chandlers of this world as a place whee you want to live.  That’s a challenging market place for Waymo. It’s worse than Bing v Google

A better place for Waymo  ( or Ford/Argo or GM/cruise) the place to start is to focus on a market where they can easily deliver better service.  The obvious market is to provide Waymo mobility to concentrations of households that have zero or only one car.  Folks that have been left behind by the automobile and don’t have access to one.  Those that have been relegated to take the staircase thereby not even having the opportunity to reach “the eighth floor”; which, once they can using Waymo,  would substantially improve their lives. They might in fact appreciate Waymo right out of the box.

Manhattan is one such place, but it has a great subway and safely driving its roads is enormously challenging, so that’s arguably the last place for Waymo to go. However, the census identifies many communities and “inner suburbs” that have substantial densities of zero and one-car household. For example: Trenton New Jersey. Waymo would be the obvious mobility choice. Numerous Trenton residents would readily perceive Waymo as the “Google” in their trip mode-choice.

Another note… trying to sell Waymo technology on its ability to improve safety is a fool’s gambit. Since Waymos don’t misbehave, it is “easy” to make them safer, but that argument is hard to get across Misbehaviors are core to the fantasies of driving and are thus excused and forgotten about.  Alain

Link to previous SDC eLetters

Alain L. Kornhauser, PhD

Professor, Operations Research & Financial Engineering

                                                      Director of
                                                      Undergraduate
                                                      Studies, ORFE

                                                      Director,
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Program

                                                      Faculty Chair,
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering

229 Sherrerd Hall

                                                      Princeton
                                                      University

                                                      Princeton, NJ

alaink@princeton.edu

                                                      609-980-1427
                                                      (c)

This list is maintained by Alain Kornhauser and hosted by the Princeton University LISTSERV.