2021-03-15

2021-03-15

March 13, 2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">10th
                                                      edition of the
                                                      9th year of
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter

General Motors Aims to Transform Auto Insurance Industry with OnStar Insurance

                                                      Press Release,
                                                      March 11, "GM
                                                      announced it
                                                      will take its
                                                      relentless
                                                      focus on
                                                      safety and
                                                      delivering a
                                                      world-class
                                                      customer
                                                      experience one
                                                      step further
                                                      with [OnStar Insurance](https://www.onstarinsurance.com/).
                                                      ...  OnStar
                                                      Insurance
                                                      Services
                                                      intends to
                                                      leverage its
                                                      unique
                                                      understanding
                                                      of the
                                                      vehicles GM
                                                      produces to
                                                      offer..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/96y8p2x2hpet1zr/GM_OnStar%20Auto%20Insurance%20Launch%20Media%20Advisory.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm.... See Kornhauser's [Automated Driving of Road Vehicles 101: Why, What, Where, When](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e9gnpjre1oqsbyd/AutomatedVehicleTechnologiesWhyWhatWhenWhere.pdf?dl=0).  Also:

                                                      Given that:

1.  “>90%” crashes involve driver misbehavior;

2.  OEMs are including more SmartDriving technology in cars.  That technology comes in two part:     a.  SafelyDriven technology which “works” essentially everywhere, all the time to avert crashes by mitigating driver misbehavior, see #1 above..

        i. Examples: anti-lock brakes, electronic stability control, automated emergency braking, blind spot warning, …)        ii. Liability/Insurance implications: the better these work the lower the expected liability, the lower the expected LOSS and the happier the company that insures their owners. 😁!         iii. OnStar/GM Insurance Advantage: They know earlier and better how well these systems can be expected to work. They designed and tested the systems before they put them in the showroom and have “the data” to compute better expected liabilities by driver characteristics and thus be better able to craft and price an insurance product for each purchaser of a GM vehicle. Simply, they will be better able to “know when to hold ‘em .. know when to fold ‘em … they can better know what’s comin’”.

    b.  SelfDriving technology which works only some of the time and some of the places  (Don’t worry, as soon as they work all of the time and all of the places it will be a very big deal and you’ll know it, but don’t hold your breath.)

Nor do any of them perform better than an average driver that is not misbehaving. Again, don’t hold your breath. Consequently these systems are Comfort & Convenience features that, at best, should not degrade safety.  To not degrade safety, these systems must work properly when engaged by the driver and the driver must not engage them when and where these systems aren’t going to work properly. (… Drivers must not misbehave in the use of these systems (… Use these systems outside their certified Operational Design Domain, ODD)).

            i. Examples: Cruise Conroe (Feet-off , but required the driver to steer (Hands-on), be aware and alert (Eyes-on) and be seated in the driver’s seat (Butt-in), and available only in a certain speed range, lane-grade range, doesn’t respond to traffic signals, doesn’t work if there is a stationary object in the lane ahead, …); Automated lane keeping ({Feet-on, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-in}, but only if proper lane markings exist); Automated parking ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out} all starting from speed zero in an area that is recognized by the systems as a parking opportunity); StupidSummon ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-on, Butt-out}, but only available within the driver’s own property), “Level3” ({Feet-off, Hands-off, Eyes-off, Butt-in}, but only on some certified in real time road segments.)

            ii. Liability/Insurance implications: To date these systems have been sold on a “buyer beware” basis in that all liability implications of their use fell on the shoulders of the driver and their insurer. Consequently, misuse of these systems was the driver’s/insurer’s “problem”. Unfortunately, misuse of these systems and the resulting degradation of safety can be expected to cause regulators to insist that future versions of these SelfDriving technologies must include monitoring systems that preclude them from being available, let alone be used, outside of their real-time Operational Design Domain(ODD) for which their functionality has been “certified by the OEM” to not degrade safety.  This “floor” for safety can be expected to be that experienced by an average non-misbehaving driver in similar driving situations.

This implies that if a crash happens during the use of one of these systems, it is 1. one of these “rare” events in which the driver was not misbehaving. The insurer is dragged in and may well be liable (This is what insurance is supposed to be all about), or 2. the system failed in its automated driving function.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable  from a product liability standpoint or 3. the driver was mis-behaving in the use of the system. This means that the system failed in precluding the system’s use.  The OEM is dragged in and may well be liable from a product liability standpoint.

3. Implications on Insurer:   Let: $Aij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in and possibly having to pay damages” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a “Rare events” crash, or crashes, over the duration of the insurance policy.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      is largely a
                                                      function of
                                                      the kinds of
                                                      driving driver
                                                      i is going to
                                                      do.  Its
                                                      estimation is
                                                      independent of
                                                      any
                                                      proprietary
                                                      product
                                                      information
                                                      held by GM.
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      is not
                                                      advantaged.)

$Bij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash, or crashes, resulting from the failure of features j to avoid the crash when driver i was misbehaving.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      SafelyDriven
                                                      technology
                                                      didn't perform
                                                      perfectly.
                                                      Given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showroom,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      allows
                                                      OnStarInsurance
                                                      to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

$Cij be the distribution of expected expenses of “being dragged in” if driver i of GM car with features j gets involved in a crash when the System was engaged and the incident occurred outside the System’s certified ODD.

                                                      (This expense
                                                      distribution
                                                      would arise
                                                      from
                                                      situations in
                                                      which GM's
                                                      automated
                                                      Comfort&Convenience
                                                      features
                                                      either didn't
                                                      perform as
                                                      well as a
                                                      well-behaving
                                                      driver inside
                                                      the feature's
                                                      certified ODD,
                                                      or driver i
                                                      was able to
                                                      mis-use the
                                                      system by
                                                      engaging it
                                                      outside its
                                                      ODD.  Again,
                                                      given all of
                                                      the testing
                                                      that GM
                                                      conducts on
                                                      each of its
                                                      technologies
                                                      prior to their
                                                      placement for
                                                      sale in
                                                      showrooms,
                                                      having access
                                                      to those
                                                      testing data
                                                      also allows
                                                      one to more
                                                      accurately
                                                      estimate this
                                                      distribution.

OnStarInsurance is substantially advantaged.)

In pricing insurance, the insurer must estimate the distribution of expected expenses associated with the crashes driver i can be expected to have in car with features j over the life of the policy and price that insurance product accordingly.

For an outside insurer, call them WB: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $WBij = {$Aij}wb + {$Bij}wb + {$Cij}wb

For GM: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $GMij = {$Bij}gm + {$Cij}gm (They get dragged in to all of the “non-rare” crashes because of product liability responsibility

For OnStar Insurance: the expenses expected to be incurred over the life of the policy to insure Driver i in the purchase of a GM car with features j = $OSij = {$Aij}os (Since GM is already dragged in, no need for OnStarInsurance to also be drawn in to defend themselves.).

Consequently, OnStar has a fundamental pricing advantage because $OSij « $WBij.  Plus OnStar/GM can better estimate the $Bij and $Cij distributions. Thus OnStar “knows when to hold ‘em..” in the insurance pricing game.

Finally, it is very much in GM’s interest to get its SafelyDriven technologies as perfect as possible so as to minimize {$Bij}gm on every vehicle GM sells and to forbid, as best as possible, the mis-use/availability of it SelfDriving Comfort&Convenience features outside their ODD to minimize {$Cij}gm on every vehicle GM sells.

The above is an extraordinarily strong financial incentive for GM to make its SafelyDriven and Comfort&Convenience automated driving technologies as good as possible and, if they are going to do that, GM might as well also be in the insurance business.  Alain

Safety First at the “Fully” Smart Driving Car Summit

                                                      K. Pyle, March
                                                      13, "It is
                                                      important to
                                                      distinguish
                                                      between those
                                                      features that
                                                      enhance safety
                                                      versus those
                                                      that provide
                                                      safety and
                                                      convenience is
                                                      how
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Dr. Alain
                                                      Kornhauser set
                                                      the stage for
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit
                                                      session,
                                                      Incentivizing
                                                      Through
                                                      Regulation.
                                                      Regulations
                                                      must ensure
                                                      that the
                                                      comfort
                                                      features, such
                                                      as Automatic
                                                      Cruise Control
                                                      (ACC), do not
                                                      degrade
                                                      safety. He
                                                      also believes
                                                      that consumers
                                                      should not
                                                      have to "read
                                                      the fine
                                                      print" to
                                                      understand the
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (ODD)
                                                      limitations of
                                                      a given
                                                      feature....."
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken.  Alain

Ken Pyle Session Summaries of 4th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit:

10th Session    3/05/21 Incentivizing Through Insurance

9th Session    2/25/21  Can Level 3 be Delivered?

8th Session    2/18/21  Who Will Build, Sell and Maintain Driverless Cars?

                                                      [Michael Sena's Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/yfzscinfy41vrka/Sena_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0),
                                                      [Glenn Mercer Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/8x4sd97vrifa9r9/Mercer_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0)

7th Session    2/11/21  Finally Doing It

6th Session    2/ 4/21   Safe Enough in the Operational Design Domain

5th Session    1/28/21 At the Tipping Point

4th Session    1/21/21 Why Customers are Buying Them

3rd Session    1/14/21 The SmartDrivingCars We Can Buy Today

2nd Session1/ 7/21  A Look into the Future1st Session:12/17/20Setting the Stage

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 203,

                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 203](https://youtu.be/7UgzO7V8lV4)

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 13,
                                                      ".GM's move to
                                                      transform auto
                                                      insurance
                                                      through OnStar
                                                      Insurance:
                                                      Is it a win,
                                                      win for
                                                      all?      Is
                                                      adaptive
                                                      cruise control
                                                      prompting some
                                                      drivers to
                                                      speed?     And
                                                      what does
                                                      Tesla really
                                                      mean by "full
                                                      self
                                                      driving"?
                                                      Just some of
                                                      the questions
                                                      tackled  in
                                                      the latest
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin."
                                                      Alexa, play the
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars podcast!".
                                                      Ditto with Siri,
                                                      and GooglePlay
                                                      ...
                                                      Alain

4th Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

12th Live Episode: Live on Zoom

Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

What makes safely-driven and driverless mobility better for ALL users?

noon ET, Thursday, Georgia, serif;”>

                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;"> [Video Summary of 1st Session: Setting the Stage](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pCc9N8o1dys&feature=youtu.be)


                                                      The
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter,
                                                      Pod-Casts,
                                                      Zoom-Casts and
                                                      Zoom-inars are
                                                      made possible
                                                      in part by
                                                      support from
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      ETF, symbol
                                                      MOTO.   For
                                                      more
                                                      information: [www.motoetf.com](https://www.smartetfs.com/).  Most funding is
                                                      supplied by
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Operations
                                                      Research &
                                                      Financial
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering
                                                      (PAVE)
                                                      research
                                                      laboratory as
                                                      part of its
                                                      research
                                                      dissemination
                                                      initiatives.

Adaptive cruise control spurs drivers to speed

Staff, March 11, “Drivers are using adaptive cruise control (ACC) as a tool for speeding, possibly undermining the feature’s potential safety benefits, a new study from the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety found.

                                                      Drivers are
                                                      substantially
                                                      more likely to
                                                      speed when
                                                      using ACC or
                                                      partial
                                                      automation
                                                      that combines
                                                      that feature
                                                      with lane
                                                      centering than
                                                      when not using
                                                      either
                                                      technology,
                                                      the study
                                                      showed. When
                                                      selecting a
                                                      speed to "set
                                                      and forget,"
                                                      many drivers
                                                      choose one
                                                      that's over
                                                      the limit.

                                                      "ACC does have
                                                      some safety
                                                      benefits, but
                                                      it's important
                                                      to consider
                                                      how drivers
                                                      might cancel
                                                      out these
                                                      benefits by
                                                      misusing the
                                                      system," says
                                                      IIHS
                                                      Statistician
                                                      Sam Monfort,
                                                      the lead
                                                      author of the
                                                      paper. "Speed
                                                      at impact is
                                                      among the most
                                                      important
                                                      factors in
                                                      whether or not
                                                      a crash turns
                                                      out to be
                                                      fatal."...

Nevertheless, an analysis of insurance claims data by the IIHS-affiliated Highway Loss Data Institute and other research indicate that ACC may lower crash risk…” Read more Hmmmm…. As was argued above, ACC is NOT a SafelyDriven Automated system intended to enhance Safety.  It is a SelfDriving automated system intended to enhance driver Comfort&Convenience,  As such, it must not diminish safety below that which could be achieved if the driver was alert, capable of driving and not mis-behaving. The Operational Design Domains for each system needs to include {Min, Max} speed ranges that are dynamically set depending on local environmental and road surface conditions. These systems should only be available to assist the driver their certified ODD and the driver remains alert to conditions ahead (Eyes-on) and remains seated in the driver’s seat (Butt-in). Alain

Bears in our midst: familiarity with Level 2 driving: automation and situational awareness of on-road events

A. Mueller, March 2021, “This study presents a novel paradigm to evaluate driver situational awareness (SA) when using Level 2 (L2) driving automation. An oversized pink teddy bear was mounted to the back of a study vehicle that overtook participants three times while they drove another study vehicle, a 2019 Mercedes-Benz C300 equipped with a L2 system, for approximately 1 hour. The L2 system was turned on or off for the drive, depending on the assigned condition, and participants varied in their familiarity with L2 systems. Post-drive surveys measured SA about the bear and road by asking participants to recall the bear and the number of bear presentations as well as landmarks along the route. Cameras recorded participant eye glance behavior. Results show that the driving automation support only gave participants familiar with L2 systems an advantage for greater bear SA. Unfamiliar participants were at a disadvantage when assisted by the L2 system, having poorer bear SA compared with unfamiliar participants who drove with the system off. Better bear SA corresponded with better landmark recall and wider on-road gaze dispersion. Our findings support the effectiveness of this paradigm to measure a driver’s SA of the road objectively and unobtrusively when using a L2 system under real-world conditions….” Read more  Hmmmm….All about what it might mean to have the ODD require “Eyes-on”.  A basic question might be to what extent does “Looking at” mean “Seeing”. “Looking at” can be remotely sensed. “Seeing” can’t be readily sensed.  An alert driver needs not only to “look at” the situation ahead, but also needs to “see” the situation ahead. “Seeing” implies “Looking at”, but “Looking at” does not imply “Seeing”. Alain

Luminar, Volvo subsidiary partner to sell automated driving systems to automakers

                                                      K. Karosec,
                                                      March 11,
                                                      "Luminar
                                                      Technologies
                                                      has deepened
                                                      ties with
                                                      Volvo Cars to
                                                      develop and
                                                      eventually
                                                      sell an
                                                      automated
                                                      driving system
                                                      for highways
                                                      to other
                                                      automakers.
                                                      The
                                                      partnership,
                                                      announced
                                                      Thursday, is
                                                      between
                                                      Luminar and
                                                      Volvo's
                                                      self-driving
                                                      software
                                                      subsidiary
                                                      Zenseact.

                                                      The two
                                                      companies are
                                                      combining
                                                      their tech to
                                                      create what
                                                      Luminar
                                                      founder and
                                                      CEO Austin
                                                      Russell
                                                      described as a
                                                      "holistic
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      stack"  made
                                                      for production
                                                      vehicles.
                                                      Volvo will be
                                                      the first
                                                      customer.
                                                      Russell and
                                                      Zenseact CEO
                                                      Ödgärd
                                                      Andersson said
                                                      Thursday they
                                                      plan to also
                                                      offer this
                                                      system to
                                                      other
                                                      automakers..
                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2021/03/11/luminar-volvo-subsidiary-partner-to-sell-automated-driving-systems-to-automakers/)
                                                      Hmmmm...   I suspect that this stack
                                                      includes both
                                                      the always-on
                                                      SafelyDriven
                                                      automated
                                                      features that
                                                      mitigate
                                                      Driver
                                                      misbehavior
                                                      and
                                                      SelfDriving
                                                      confront and
                                                      convenience
                                                      features whose
                                                      ODD includes
                                                      Eyes-on and
                                                      Butt-in
                                                      Provisions.
                                                      It will be the
                                                      "size" of
                                                      their ODD that
                                                      will determine
                                                      if they can be
                                                      competitive in
                                                      this market
                                                      place. Note
                                                      the size of
                                                      that ODD will
                                                      need to be
                                                      conservative,
                                                      else product
                                                      liability
                                                      claims will
                                                      more than
                                                      offset any
                                                      market
                                                      success.
                                                      Alain

Tesla touts self-driving to consumers. To the DMV, it tells a different tale

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      March 9, "For
                                                      years, Tesla
                                                      Chief
                                                      Executive Elon
                                                      Musk has been
                                                      telling the
                                                      public that
                                                      fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      Teslas are
                                                      just around
                                                      the corner, no
                                                      more than a
                                                      year or two
                                                      off.

                                                      The company
                                                      has been
                                                      telling
                                                      regulators a
                                                      very different
                                                      story.

                                                      In official
                                                      correspondence
                                                      with
                                                      California's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Motor
                                                      Vehicles,
                                                      Tesla lawyers
                                                      recently
                                                      admitted the
                                                      $10,000 option
                                                      that Tesla
                                                      sells as Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      Capability is
                                                      not, in fact,
                                                      capable of
                                                      full
                                                      self-driving.
                                                      "Currently
                                                      neither
                                                      Autopilot nor
                                                      FSD Capability
                                                      is an
                                                      autonomous
                                                      system," Tesla
                                                      attorney Eric
                                                      Williams said
                                                      in a Dec. 28
                                                      letter to the
                                                      DMV, although
                                                      that could
                                                      change, he
                                                      added.

                                                      Not soon,
                                                      though. Musk
                                                      has been
                                                      tweeting plans
                                                      for a major
                                                      Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      software
                                                      release. But
                                                      Williams told
                                                      the DMV that
                                                      "we do not
                                                      expect
                                                      significant
                                                      enhancements"
                                                      that would
                                                      allow full
                                                      self-driving,
                                                      and that the
                                                      "final
                                                      release" of a
                                                      current
                                                      feature
                                                      package that
                                                      lets Teslas
                                                      stop at
                                                      traffic lights
                                                      and turn left
                                                      and right
                                                      without human
                                                      input "will
                                                      continue to be
                                                      an SAE Level
                                                      2, advanced
                                                      driver-assist
                                                      feature." In
                                                      plain English,
                                                      that means the
                                                      vehicle cannot
                                                      drive itself,
                                                      at any time,
                                                      without
                                                      constant
                                                      attention from
                                                      a human
                                                      driver.

                                                      The emails
                                                      were revealed
                                                      after a public
                                                      records
                                                      request from
                                                      the
                                                      transparency
                                                      advocacy
                                                      organization
                                                      Plainsite.
                                                      They show the
                                                      DMV
                                                      questioning
                                                      Tesla about
                                                      its claims
                                                      around Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      technology and
                                                      asking the
                                                      company why it
                                                      has not
                                                      applied for a
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicle test
                                                      permit, as six
                                                      other
                                                      automakers and
                                                      tech companies
                                                      have
                                                      done....." [Read more](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2021-03-09/elon-musk-wants-it-both-ways-with-telsas-full-self-driving)  Hmmmm... Again, whatever Tesla
                                                      wishes to call
                                                      something, it
                                                      is a
                                                      Comfort&Convenience
                                                      feature that
                                                      needs to be
                                                      made available
                                                      within an
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      specified and
                                                      controlled by
                                                      Tesla.  If
                                                      crashes occur
                                                      within the
                                                      ODD, then it
                                                      is a Tesla
                                                      product
                                                      liability
                                                      concern.  If a
                                                      crash occurs
                                                      outside the
                                                      ODD with the
                                                      product
                                                      engaged; then
                                                      again, it is a
                                                      Tesla product
                                                      liability
                                                      concern for
                                                      allowing the
                                                      system to be
                                                      used outside
                                                      of its ODD.
                                                      These
                                                      requirements
                                                      will quickly
                                                      encourage
                                                      Tesla to
                                                      create
                                                      conservative
                                                      ODDs and to
                                                      stop enabling
                                                      the mis-use of
                                                      these systems
                                                      outside of
                                                      their ODD;
                                                      else,
                                                      liability
                                                      claims will
                                                      offset most,
                                                      if not all, of
                                                      Tesla's
                                                      profitability.
                                                      Alain

Lordstown Motors accused of faking EV truck pre-orders by short-seller firm Hindenburg Research

                                                      K. Karosec,
                                                      March 11,
                                                      "Hindenburg
                                                      Research, the
                                                      short-seller
                                                      firm whose
                                                      report on
                                                      Nikola Motor
                                                      led to an SEC
                                                      investigation
                                                      and [the resignation of its founder](https://techcrunch.com/2020/09/21/nikolas-chairman-steps-down-stock-crashes-following-allegations-of-fraud/),
                                                      is targeting
                                                      another
                                                      electric
                                                      vehicle
                                                      company. This
                                                      time it's
                                                      Lordstown
                                                      Motors, the
                                                      Ohio electric
                                                      automaker that
                                                      went public
                                                      after merging
                                                      with
                                                      special-purpose
                                                      acquisition
                                                      company
                                                      DiamondPeak
                                                      Holdings
                                                      Corp., with a
                                                      market value
                                                      of $1.6
                                                      billion.

                                                      Hindenburg
                                                      said in a
                                                      report Friday
                                                      that it has
                                                      taken a short
                                                      position on
                                                      Lordstown
                                                      Motors,
                                                      causing shares
                                                      to plummet
                                                      21%. Shares
                                                      have recovered
                                                      slightly and
                                                      are now down
                                                      about 15% from
                                                      the previous
                                                      day's trade.
                                                      Hindenburg's
                                                      short position
                                                      is based on a
                                                      company that
                                                      it says has
                                                      "no revenue
                                                      and no
                                                      sellable
                                                      product, which
                                                      we believe has
                                                      misled
                                                      investors on
                                                      both its
                                                      demand and
                                                      production
                                                      capabilities."

                                                      In a [report issued Friday](https://hindenburgresearch.com/lordstown/),
                                                      Hindenburg
                                                      disputes that
                                                      the company
                                                      has booked
                                                      100,000
                                                      pre-orders for
                                                      its electric
                                                      pickup truck,
                                                      a stat shared
                                                      by Lordstown
                                                      Motors in
                                                      January.
                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2021/03/12/lordstown-motors-accused-of-faking-ev-truck-orders-by-short-seller-firm-hindenburg-research/)  Hmmmm...  This
                                                      looks UGLY.  Here
                                                      we go again.
                                                        Alain

Tesla removed drivers who weren’t paying attention from Full Self-Driving beta as it expands

                                                      F. Lambert,
                                                      March 12,
                                                      "Elon Musk
                                                      says that has
                                                      Tesla removed
                                                      from the Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      Beta drivers
                                                      who they
                                                      determined
                                                      weren't paying
                                                      enough
                                                      attention......"
                                                      [Read more](https://electrek.co/2021/03/12/tesla-removed-drivers-werent-paying-attention-from-full-self-driving-beta/)  Hmmmm...   This is only the very
                                                      first step,
                                                      that needs to
                                                      be completely
                                                      expanded.
                                                      Since "Paying
                                                      attention"
                                                      means that
                                                      FSD's ODD
                                                      includes
                                                      "Eyes-on" as
                                                      well as
                                                      "Butt-in",
                                                      then Elon must
                                                      enforce those conditions/constraints on FSD, or whatever he wishes to call it, and
                                                      Elon MUST be
                                                      held liable
                                                      for crashes
                                                      that happen
                                                      when FDS is
                                                      active and the
                                                      crash isn't a
                                                      result of
                                                      really rare
                                                      events like a
                                                      bolder
                                                      crashing down
                                                      on the road or
                                                      a bridge
                                                      collapse,
                                                      or.... Note...
                                                      the real
                                                      difference
                                                      between FDS
                                                      and Waymo's
                                                      driver in
                                                      "Chandler" is
                                                      that Waymo's
                                                      is Eyes-off,
                                                      Butt-out in
                                                      its "Chandler
                                                      ODD" whereas
                                                      Tesla's FSD's
                                                      Eyes-off,
                                                      Butt-out ODD
                                                      is empty as
                                                      is its
                                                      Eyes-off,
                                                      Butt-in
                                                      ODD.    Big
                                                      difference!!!!
                                                      Alain

Waymo is disclosing more autonomous vehicle data for research purposes

A. Hawkins, March 10, “Waymo is publicizing more data from its autonomous vehicles, which it says is for the benefit of the research community. Building on the trove of data it released in 2019, the Alphabet company is calling this latest batch “the largest interactive dataset yet released for research into behavior prediction and motion forecasting for autonomous driving.”

                                                      This "motion
                                                      dataset"
                                                      includes over
                                                      100,000
                                                      segments, each
                                                      around 20
                                                      seconds long,
                                                      of objects
                                                      like cars and
                                                      people and
                                                      their
                                                      trajectories,
                                                      as captured by
                                                      Waymo's
                                                      sensor-laden
                                                      vehicles. The
                                                      company has
                                                      included
                                                      corresponding
                                                      3D maps and
                                                      geographic
                                                      details in
                                                      each segment
                                                      to provide
                                                      researchers
                                                      with context
                                                      for their
                                                      prediction
                                                      modeling. In
                                                      total, Waymo
                                                      says it is
                                                      releasing 570
                                                      hours of
                                                      "unique
                                                      data."..." [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/10/22322100/waymo-motion-dataset-autonomous-vehicles-research)  Hmmmm...   this is actually very
                                                      valuable data
                                                      if one is
                                                      building
                                                      simulation
                                                      capabilities.
                                                      Alain

Waymo simulated real-world crashes to prove its self-driving cars can prevent deaths

A. Hawkins, March 8, “In a bid to prove that its robot drivers are safer than humans, Waymo simulated dozens of real-world fatal crashes that took place in Arizona over nearly a decade. The Google spinoff discovered that replacing either vehicle in a two-car crash with its robot-guided minivans would nearly eliminate all deaths, according to data it publicized today.

                                                      The results
                                                      are meant to
                                                      bolster
                                                      Waymo's case
                                                      that
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles
                                                      operate more
                                                      safely than
                                                      human-driven
                                                      ones. With
                                                      millions of
                                                      people dying
                                                      in auto
                                                      crashes
                                                      globally every
                                                      year, AV
                                                      operators are
                                                      increasingly
                                                      leaning on
                                                      this safety
                                                      case to spur
                                                      regulators to
                                                      pass
                                                      legislation
                                                      allowing more
                                                      fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles on
                                                      the road...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2021/3/8/22315361/waymo-autonomous-vehicle-simulation-car-crash-deaths)  Hmmmm...   this is actually very
                                                      valuable data
                                                      if one is
                                                      building
                                                      simulation
                                                      capabilities.
                                                      Alain

Via buys mapping startup Remix for $100 million

K. Karosec, March 9, “Remix, the startup that developed mapping software used by cities for transportation planning and street design, was born out of a hackathon during a Code for America fellowship. Nearly seven years later, the San Francisco-based startup is being acquired by Via for $100 million in cash and equity.

                                                      Remix will
                                                      become a
                                                      subsidiary of
                                                      Via, an
                                                      arrangement
                                                      that will let
                                                      the startup
                                                      maintain its
                                                      independent
                                                      brand. Remix's
                                                      65 employees
                                                      and two of its
                                                      co-founders —
                                                      CEO Tiffany
                                                      Chu and CTO
                                                      Dan Getelman —
                                                      will stay
                                                      on..  ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch-com.cdn.ampproject.org/c/s/techcrunch.com/2021/03/09/via-buys-mapping-startup-remix-for-100-million/amp/)  Hmmmm...  Wow, I
                                                      should start
                                                      another
                                                      "mapping
                                                      company".  I
                                                      can't imagine
                                                      that "Cities
                                                      pay anyone for 'transportation mapping services' amounts that would make them worth
                                                      $100M".  So,
                                                      maybe the
                                                      details are in
                                                      the "cash and
                                                      equity".  My
                                                      over/under
                                                      might be "5%
                                                      cash/95%
                                                      (over-valued)
                                                      equity".
                                                      While better
                                                      "mapping"
                                                      might help
                                                      Via, it
                                                      doesn't become self-sustaining until it can become Driverless, just like Uber/Lyft.
                                                      Small
                                                      cities/communities
                                                      might contract
                                                      them because
                                                      they are
                                                      cheaper than
                                                      conventional
                                                      bus service,
                                                      but the
                                                      margins will
                                                      be small, the
                                                      head-aches
                                                      large, the
                                                      "minimum
                                                      waging" of
                                                      workers
                                                      essential and
                                                      the despair of
                                                      dealing with
                                                      small villages
                                                      that have
                                                      essentially no
                                                      budgets will
                                                      be large.  If
                                                      Hindenburg
                                                      Research ever
                                                      gets to Via,
                                                      then
                                                      watch-out.
                                                      Alain

Remembering Allan McDonald: He Refused To Approve Challenger Launch, Exposed Cover-Up

H. Berkes, March 7, “On Jan. 27, 1986, Allan McDonald stood on the cusp of history.

                                                      McDonald
                                                      directed the
                                                      booster rocket
                                                      project at
                                                      NASA
                                                      contractor
                                                      Morton
                                                      Thiokol. He
                                                      was
                                                      responsible
                                                      for the two
                                                      massive
                                                      rockets,
                                                      filled with
                                                      explosive
                                                      fuel, that
                                                      lifted space
                                                      shuttles
                                                      skyward. He
                                                      was at the
                                                      Kennedy Space
                                                      Center in
                                                      Florida for
                                                      the launch of
                                                      the Challenger
                                                      "to approve or
                                                      disapprove a
                                                      launch if
                                                      something came
                                                      up," he told
                                                      me in 2016, 30
                                                      years after
                                                      Challenger
                                                      exploded.

                                                      His job was to
                                                      sign and
                                                      submit an
                                                      official form.
                                                      Sign the form,
                                                      he believed,
                                                      and he'd risk
                                                      the lives of
                                                      the seven
                                                      astronauts set
                                                      to board the
                                                      spacecraft the
                                                      next morning.
                                                      Refuse to
                                                      sign, and he'd
                                                      risk his job,
                                                      his career and
                                                      the good life
                                                      he'd built for
                                                      his wife and
                                                      four children.

                                                      "And I made
                                                      the smartest
                                                      decision I
                                                      ever made in
                                                      my lifetime,"
                                                      McDonald told
                                                      me. "I refused
                                                      to sign it. I
                                                      just thought
                                                      we were taking
                                                      risks we
                                                      shouldn't be
                                                      taking."...

In retirement, McDonald became a fierce advocate of ethical decision-making and spoke to hundreds of engineering students, engineers and managers. He and Chapman University’s Maier held leadership and ethics seminars for corporations and government agencies, including U.S. Space Command.

                                                      Maier says
                                                      that one of
                                                      McDonald's key
                                                      moments in his
                                                      talks helps
                                                      explain his
                                                      ability to
                                                      reconcile his
                                                      brush with
                                                      history.

                                                      "What we
                                                      should
                                                      remember about
                                                      Al McDonald
                                                      [is] he would
                                                      often stress
                                                      his laws of
                                                      the seven
                                                      R's,"
                                                      Maier says.
                                                      "It was
                                                      always, always
                                                      do the Right
                                                      thing for the
                                                      Right
                                                      reason at the
                                                      Right
                                                      time with the
                                                      Right
                                                      people. [And]
                                                      you will have
                                                      no Regrets
                                                      for the Rest
                                                      of your life.
                                                      It's Really
                                                      that simple if
                                                      you just keep
                                                      it focused
                                                      that way,"
                                                      McDonald told
                                                      me in
                                                      2016."... " [Read more](https://www.npr.org/2021/03/07/974534021/remembering-allan-mcdonald-he-refused-to-approve-challenger-launch-exposed-cover)  Hmmmm...  The seven R's.  What a great
                                                      legacy.
                                                      Alain

What Full Autonomy Means for the Waymo Driver

E. Ackerman, Mar 4, “In January, Waymo posted a tweet breaking down what “autonomy” means for the Waymo Driver, which is how the company refers to its autonomous driving system. The video in the Tweet points out that Level 1, 2, and 3 autonomy are not “fully autonomous” because a human driver might be needed. Sounds good. The Waymo Driver operates at Level 4 autonomy, meaning, Waymo says, that “no human driver is needed in our defined operational conditions.” This, Waymo continues, represents “fully autonomous driving technology,” with the Waymo Driver being “fully independent from a human driver.” … “ Read more  Hmmmm… Unfortunately, the IEEE want to continue to debate the defnitions. who care??? What is important is how the technology can actually deliver benefits to society.  Can it in fact deliver better mobility at a cheaper cost so that it has even just a small chance of being sustainable… lasting beyond some totally irrelevant “test” phase.

Sure, Waymo may fall short of IEEE’s ‘manhood’ definition of ‘Full’, but who cares??? What is important is.. does what XXXX develop provide the opportunity to deliver mobility to those whose “quality-of-life” can be most enhanced by that offering and has the opportunity to be sustained as time goes on.  That is the challenge and the IEEE should be focused on that challenge and not some pre-teen playground issue focused on the meaning of “full”. Alain

ITE

                                                      [The Revolutionary Development of Self-Driving Vehicles and Implications for theTransportation Engineering Profession](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lqyfzxsd4sowekw/130709%20The%20Revolutionary%20Development%20of%20Self-Driving%20Venicles%20-ITE%20Journal%20Lutin%20Kornhauser%20and%20Lam.pdf?dl=0)

Lutin/Kornhauser/Lam, July 2013, “Highway travel is about to undergo a dramatic transformation that is unprecedented in the history of transportation, and the Institute of Transportation Engineers (ITE) and its membership will face both opportunities and challenges that will reshape the future for our discipline.

As this paper is being written, the rapid development of autonomous vehicles—self-driving cars—is under way, and there is some urgency for the transportation engineering profession to become actively engaged in dialogues and partnerships with a variety of stakeholders, including software and systems developers, auto manufacturers, and regulatory bodies….”  Read more  Hmmmm…  Can’t believe almost 8 years have past since we wrote this and I’m in my 9th year of writing this eLetter (almost 400 issues).  Plus we’re more than half way through our 4th SmartDrivingCar Summit and Fred and I have done more than 200 SmartDrivingCar PodCasts. A lot has happened, yet we are still at the very beginning. Whew!!!  Alain

                                                      0, 0);">[Annual Princeton](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210128)SmartDrivingCar
                                                      Summit [12th Episode at noon on March 18, 2021](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210225)
                                                      TO BE followed by
                                                      8 more weekly
                                                      episodes
                                                      through to
                                                      April15,
                                                      2021.  Each
                                                      episode
                                                      starting Live
                                                      on Zoom @ noon
                                                      Eastern
                                                      (Princeton
                                                      Time) and
                                                      lasting for
                                                      1.5 hours or
                                                      until
                                                      Discussion
                                                      with audience
                                                      ends. A.
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      Feb 6, "The
                                                      focus of the
                                                      Summit this
                                                      year will be
                                                      moving beyond
                                                      the AI and the
                                                      Sensors to
                                                      addressing the
                                                      challenges of Commercialization and  the delivery of tangible value to communities.
                                                      We've made
                                                      enormous
                                                      progress with
                                                      the
                                                      technology.
                                                      We're doing
                                                      the
                                                      investment;
                                                      however, this
                                                      investment
                                                      delivers value
                                                      only if is
                                                      commercialized:
                                                      made available
                                                      and is used by
                                                      consumers in
                                                      large
                                                      numbers.
                                                      Demos and
                                                      one-offs are
                                                      "great", but
                                                      to deliver
                                                      value that is
                                                      anywhere near
                                                      commensurate
                                                      with the
                                                      magnitude of
                                                      the investment
                                                      made to date,
                                                      initial
                                                      deployments
                                                      need to
                                                      scale.  We
                                                      can't just
                                                      have
                                                      "Morgantown
                                                      PRT Systems"
                                                      whose initial
                                                      deployment has
                                                      been nothing
                                                      but enormously
                                                      successful for
                                                      45 years (an
                                                      essentially
                                                      perfect safety
                                                      record, an
                                                      excellent
                                                      availability
                                                      record and
                                                      customer
                                                      valued
                                                      mobility).
                                                      Unfortunately,
                                                      the system was
                                                      never expanded
                                                      or duplicated
                                                      anywhere.  It
                                                      didn't scale.
                                                      It is a
                                                      one-off.

Tests, demos and one-offs are nice niche deployments; however, what one really needs are initial deployments that have the opportunity to grow, be replicated and scale.  In 1888, Frank Sprague, successfully deployed a small electric street railway system in Richmond, Va.  which became the reference for many other cites.  “… By 1889 110 electric railways incorporating Sprague’s equipment had been begun or planned on several continents…” Substantial scaled societal benefits emerged virally from this technology. It was eventually supplanted by the conventional automobile but for more than 30 years it delivered substantial improvements to the quality-of-life for many.

                                                      In part, the
                                                      4th Summit
                                                      will focus on
                                                      defining the
                                                      "Richmond" of
                                                      Affordable
                                                      Shared-ride
                                                      On-demand
                                                      Mobility-as-a-Service.
                                                      The initial
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (ODD) that
                                                      safely
                                                      accommodates
                                                      Driverless
                                                      Mobility
                                                      Machines that
                                                      people
                                                      actually
                                                      choose to use
                                                      and becomes
                                                      the envy of
                                                      communities
                                                      throughout the
                                                      country. " [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/) Hmmmm... [Draft Program](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/) is
                                                      in flux.
                                                      Consider all
                                                      named
                                                      individuals as
                                                      "Invited yet
                                                      to be
                                                      confirmed".
                                                      Alain

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

Sunday Supplement

Half-Baked

Click-Bait

Calendar of Upcoming

                                                      Events:s

4th Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

12th Live Episode: Live on Zoom

Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

What makes safely-driven and driverless mobility better for ALL users?

noon ET, Thursday, Georgia, serif;”>

                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;"> [Video Summary of 1st Session: Setting the Stage](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=pCc9N8o1dys&feature=youtu.be)


                                                      and

The SYMPOSIUM ON THE FUTURE NETWORKED CAR 2021 VIRTUAL EVENT - 22—25 MARCH 2021.

                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;">

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

K. Kockelman’s AV Research Group at U of Texas

###

These editions are sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information head to www.motoetf.com

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 202, Zoom-Cast Episode 202 President & CEO, RoadDB

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 3, "When
                                                      will we be
                                                      able to
                                                      purchase cars
                                                      that can
                                                      largely drive
                                                      themselves?
                                                      It may not be
                                                      long...but
                                                      don't expect
                                                      to vacate the
                                                      driver's
                                                      seat.  That's
                                                      the view of
                                                      entrepreneur,
                                                      tech pioneer
                                                      and RoadDB CEO
                                                      Russ
                                                      Shields.   He
                                                      takes an in
                                                      depth look at
                                                      where we are
                                                      and where
                                                      we're headed
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 201](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-201),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 201](https://youtu.be/n5oEfvBrWa8)
                                                      w/Michael
                                                      Sena,
                                                      Publisher of The
                                                      Dispatcher

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 26,
                                                      "Smarter cars
                                                      need smarter
                                                      assembly...and
                                                      location
                                                      matters.   The
                                                      Dispatcher
                                                      publisher
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for a
                                                      look at that,
                                                      politics,
                                                      climate and
                                                      carmakers...plus
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Velodyne,
                                                      Foxconn and
                                                      more.." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 200](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-200),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 200](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVHQuwNT4eY&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Edwin Olsen,
                                                      CEO, May
                                                      Mobility

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 22, "How
                                                      May Mobility
                                                      is building
                                                      confidence in
                                                      autonomous
                                                      transportation
                                                      and creating a
                                                      road map for
                                                      growth through
                                                      the pandemic
                                                      and beyond.
                                                      CEO and
                                                      co-founder
                                                      Edwin Olson
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that and
                                                      more."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 199, Zoom-Cast Episode 199 w/Marc Scribner, Senior Transportation Policy Analyst, Reason Foundation

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 19, "How
                                                      the Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      & Congress
                                                      can pave the
                                                      path for
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles.
                                                      Reason
                                                      Foundation Sr.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Policy Analyst
                                                      Marc Scribner
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      focus on
                                                      what's next.
                                                      Plus jobs and
                                                      autonomous
                                                      trucking,
                                                      Waymo, GM,
                                                      Ford and
                                                      more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 198](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-198),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 198](https://youtu.be/G7wnT9StV5Q)
                                                      w/Dick Mudge,
                                                      CEO, Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      &
                                                      Technology

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 13, Which
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      companies will
                                                      be the last
                                                      standing?
                                                      And does
                                                      private
                                                      ownership of
                                                      self driving
                                                      cars make
                                                      sense?
                                                      Compass
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      President Dick
                                                      Mudge joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Tesla, GM,
                                                      Toyota and
                                                      more..." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 197](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-197),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 197](https://youtu.be/1DXuNFbaxIc) w/Michel
                                                      Parent,
                                                      Founding
                                                      Member of
                                                      SuburVan

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 5, "Smart
                                                      mobility
                                                      innovation in
                                                      France.    Dr.
                                                      Michel Parent
                                                      founding
                                                      member of
                                                      SuburVan is
                                                      aiming to
                                                      provide fully
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility on
                                                      the outskirts
                                                      of Paris and
                                                      more.    He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest on
                                                      Ford, GM,
                                                      Tesla, VW and
                                                      more...."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 196, Zoom-Cast Episode 196 w/Steve Polzin, Recently US DoT

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "Will
                                                      more safe
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology
                                                      dampen the
                                                      push for
                                                      driverless
                                                      mobility?
                                                      Measuring the
                                                      progress and
                                                      challenges
                                                      ahead with Dr.
                                                      Steven
                                                      Polzin..former
                                                      Sr. Advisor,
                                                      Office of the
                                                      Ass't.
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      Research and
                                                      Technology in
                                                      the DOT. He
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin
                                                      ... plus GM
                                                      going zero
                                                      emission,
                                                      Tesla, Waymo
                                                      and more.."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 195 Zoom-Cast Episode 195 w/Diana Furchtgott-Roth, G. Washington U.

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 24, "What
                                                      progress has
                                                      been made
                                                      towards
                                                      smarter, safer
                                                      mobility? The
                                                      push for a
                                                      back-up to
                                                      GPS. Why the
                                                      jump in
                                                      vehicle
                                                      fatalities
                                                      last year?
                                                      Those issues
                                                      and more as
                                                      former deputy
                                                      assistant U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Secretary for
                                                      research and
                                                      technology
                                                      Diana
                                                      Furchtgott
                                                      Roth joins us. Plus...Microsoft, Cruise, Tesla and more on Smart Driving Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin. SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 194](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-194) [Zoom-Cast Episode 194](https://youtu.be/hK4Fj6erScY)
                                                      w/Anuj
                                                      Pradhan, UMass

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 15,
                                                      ""When it
                                                      comes to
                                                      vehicle safety technology...should manufacturers be sharing instead of competing?
                                                      Should there
                                                      be
                                                      standardization?
                                                      Anuj Pradhan,
                                                      co-director of
                                                      the Human
                                                      Performance
                                                      Lab at UMASS
                                                      Amherst joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that...plus
                                                      the latest
                                                      from GM,
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Mobileye, Nio
                                                      and more." SmartDrivingCars
                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 193](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-193) [Zoom-Cast Episode 193](https://youtu.be/OETxB_wzkDw)
                                                      w/Bobby
                                                      Hambrick,
                                                      AutonomousStuff

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Jan. 8, "Bobby
                                                      Hambrick
                                                      started
                                                      AutuonomouStuff
                                                      in a barn in
                                                      Morton,
                                                      Illinois....and
                                                      has pioneered
                                                      much of the
                                                      technology
                                                      moving the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      industry
                                                      forward, now
                                                      as part of
                                                      Hexagon. Bobby
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin to
                                                      look back and
                                                      look ahead.
                                                      Plus...Apple,
                                                      Hyundai,
                                                      Waymo, Tesla
                                                      and more! "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 192 Zoom-Cast Episode 192 w/Danny Shapiro, nVIDIA

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 30,
                                                      "NVIDIA
                                                      continues on a
                                                      roll powering
                                                      the Zoox robo
                                                      taxi unveiled
                                                      this month by
                                                      Amazon.
                                                      NVIDIA senior
                                                      director of
                                                      automotive
                                                      Danny Shapiro
                                                      outlines the
                                                      progress and
                                                      looks ahead to
                                                      2021 in the
                                                      latest Smart
                                                      Driving Cars
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin. "

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 191 Zoom-Cast Episode 191 w/ Louis Aaron’23 and Joel Johnson

F. Fishkin, Dec. 20, “College student Joel Johnson has been keeping a log of dozens of trips in Waymo’s self driving service in Chandler, Arizona, and posting videos on YouTube. Louis Aaron’23, another student, has been working with Elon Musk’s Boring Company in Las Vegas. The two share their experiences with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 190 Zoom-Cast Episode 190 w/Chris Urmson, Aurora

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Dec. 15, "With
                                                      Aurora taking
                                                      over Uber's
                                                      self driving
                                                      efforts,  what
                                                      is on the
                                                      horizon for
                                                      the start up
                                                      whose leaders
                                                      have roots at
                                                      Waymo,  Tesla
                                                      and Uber?
                                                      Co-founder and
                                                      CEO Chris
                                                      Urmson joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin in
                                                      this special
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars."

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 187  Zoom-Cast Episode 187 w/Michael Sena,  The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, Nov 25, “What you should know about electric cars, climate change and more.  The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye opening edition of Smart Driving Cars..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 186  Zoom-Cast Episode 186 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Report

F. Fishkin, Nov 24, “When it comes to active driver assistance systems, what works and what needs improvement? Some answers from Kelly Funkhouser… program manager for vehicle interface, head of connected and automated vehicles at Consumer Reports.  She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for episode 186 of Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 185 Zoom-Cast Episode 185 w/Dan Smith, Waymo F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “Only Waymo has been transporting customers in driverless vehicles without a safety monitor on board. What goes into that kind of decision? Waymo Assistant General Counsel Dan Smith joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in this special edition of Smart Driving Cars.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 184 Zoom-Cast Episode 184 w/Marjory Blumenthal, Rand F. Fishkin, Nov 20, “So when are driverless vehicles safe enough to be deployed? Senior Rand Corporation policy researcher Marjory Blumenthal joins Princeton University’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to examine her latest report and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 183 Zoom-Cast Episode 183 w/Kirsten Korosec F. Fishkin, Nov 13, “Rivian’s hands free driver assistance will be standard equipment…while Ford unveils the E-Transit. TechCrunch Senior Transportation reporter and editor Kirsten Korosec joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Nuro, Tesla, Uber, Lyft, Cruise and more. Plus the coming changes for mobility under a new administration!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 182 Zoom-Cast Episode 182 F. Fishkin, Nov 6, “What will a new administration mean for autonomous mobility? And what about the passage of Proposition 22 in California after Uber’s big campaign? That plus luxury EVs coming from Bentley….and cheap EVs from China. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 181 Zoom-Cast Episode 181  w/Sheldon Sandler & Glenn Mercer F. Fishkin, Oct. 30, “Waymo releases self driving data…while traditional car dealers enjoy surprisingly strong profits during the pandemic. Why?  What about the coming autonomous mobility? Bell Air Partners’ Sheldon Sandler and researcher-consultant Glenn Mercer explain in Episode 181 of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.  “

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 180  Zoom-Cast Episode 180 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo, part 2 F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Ford and Argo AI have unveiled their next generation self-driving test vehicle. Once again, Ford’s Director of Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to unveil the technology and the company’s self driving business plans.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 179 Zoom-Cast Episode 179 w/John Rich, Ford/Argo F. Fishkin, Oct. 15, “Which autonomous vehicle platforms will survive? The director of Ford’s Autonomous Vehicle and Technology Development says there may only be two…and Ford /Argo AI will be one of them. John Rich joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 178  Zoom-Cast Episode 178 w/Andrew Hawkins, Verge F. Fishkin, Oct. 9, “Here we go! Waymo going fully driverless in Phoenix suburb service. The Verge senior transportation reporter Andrew Hawkins joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla… Amazon… Rivian and more. Subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 177   Zoom-Cast Episode 177

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Oct. 2, "New
                                                      grades for
                                                      assisted
                                                      driving
                                                      systems from
                                                      Euro NCAP.
                                                      But Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      says the devil
                                                      is in the
                                                      details in
                                                      this edition
                                                      with co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin.
                                                      And there's
                                                      Amazon's
                                                      success
                                                      against Covid
                                                      plusTesla,
                                                      Uber, GM,
                                                      Nikola and
                                                      more. SmartDrivingCars [Pod-Cast Episode 176](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-176)  [Zoom-Cast Episode 176](https://youtu.be/lHjSTXH-GGchttps://www.youtube.com/watch?v=aHvG6Aqt6fk&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Marc
                                                      Scribner

F. Fishkin, Sept. 25, “A new government entity to oversee autonomous vehicles? Marc Scribner, Sr. Transportation Policy Analyst at the Reason Foundation on regulation and more with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Tesla, Nikola, GM and the California move to ban new gasoline vehicles.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 175   Zoom-Cast Episode 175 w/Michael Sena F. Fishkin, Sept. 18, “Automobility and the future of car dealers… “The Dispatcher” publisher Michael Sena offers a different take on how car dealers may battle automakers pushing for direct to consumer subscriptions. That and more in this edition of Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 174 Zoom-Cast Episode 174 w/Kelly Funkhouser, Consumer Reports

F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 173 Zoom-Cast Episode 173 w/Nathanial Beuse F. Fishkin, Sept. 4, “Moving forward with autonomous vehicle testing, the head of safety at Uber’s Advanced Technology Group is pledging safety data transparency. Nat Beuse joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for that and more on the latest mobility headlines.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 172Zoom-Cast Episode 172  Special Edition w/Danny Shapiro

F. Fishkin ,Sept. 2, “Mercedes unveils the latest S Class with more computing power than 60 average cars…with NVIDIA playing a big role. NVIDIA’s Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 171Zoom-Cast Episode 171 w/Henry Greenidge

SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 170  ZoomCast Episode170 w/Michael Sena SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 169 ZoomCast Episode 169  w/Anthony Townsend SmartDrivingCars  PodCast Episode 168 ZoomCast Episode 168  w/Olaf Sakkers SmartDrivingCars  PodCast 167  ZoomCast Episode167 w/Robin Chase, Carlos Pardo & Daniel Sperling SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 166ZoomCast Episode 166 w/Jay Rodgers’95, CEO Local Motors

                                                      Zoom-inar
                                                      Episode 005
                                                      AmaZooks

F. Fishkin, July 20, “Is Driverless home delivery the fastest route to Affordable Mobility for the Mobility Disadvantaged? … “

SmartDrivingCars PodCast Episode 165,ZoomCast Episode165 w/Michael Sena

F. Fishkin 16, “Is the option to buy a car at a dealership going to vanish? The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena has a provocative perspective in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..an update on the Amazon Zoox deal, autonomous vehicles and how they can help battle discrimination in transportation, TuSimple, Mobileye, Uber, Tesla and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast 164 Episode 164,   Zoom-Cast Episode 163 w/Robbie Diamond

F. Fishkin, July 9, “Fostering economic opportunity through autonomous technology is the focus of an upcoming report from Security America’s Future Energy. Founder and CEO Robbie Diamond shares details and more in this edition with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus ..are armed police officers really needed for traffic enforcement? And the latest from Tesla, Waymo and more.  …” SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 163Zoom-Cast Episode 163 w/Henry Greenidge F. Fishkin, July 2, “Transportation, racial injustices and changing the thinking around the future of mobility. NYU McSilver Institute for Poverty Policy & Research fellow Henry Greenidge joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in an eye and mind opening episode of Smart Driving Cars. Plus Amazon, Zoox, Waymo, Tesla & more. .”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 162,  Zoom-Cast Episode 162  w/Cliff Winston

F. Fishkin, June 25, “From the Brookings Institution, Cliff Winston, co-author of Autonomous Vehicles…The Road to Economic Growth? joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus..why are fatal crash rates rising in the midst of a pandemic…plus NVIDIA, Didi, Tesla and more.”

                                                      Episode 004  [Insurance: For or Against SmartDrivingCars?](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=UHlPaNmjeag&feature=youtu.be)

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 23, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

Listen/Watch more  Hmmm…   We only scratched the surface. Alain SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 161,Zoom-Cast Episode 161 w/Alberto Stochino F. Fishkin, June 17, “Is less data sometimes more when it comes to driverless vehicle technology? Perceptive Founder and CEO Alberto Stochino joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the DOT’s new plan for sharing autonomous safety information, the latest from Tesla, EVs from China and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 160Zoom-Cast Episode 160  w/Jessica Cicchino F. Fishkin, June 12, “Insurance Institute for Highway Safety Research VP Jessica Cicchino co-authored a new study saying self driving vehicles could struggle to eliminate most crashes.   She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin to discuss the study.  Plus the latest on Tesla, Ford & VW, Covid-19 and more.  ”

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 159,  Zoom-Cast Episode 159 w/Kara Kockelman F. Fishkin, June 4, “Prof. Kara Kockelman’s focus on smart transportation to save lives, money and the environment has made her a sought after global expert.  The U. of Texas Transportation Engineering Professor joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin on the impact of Covid-19 and much more. Plus Tesla, Uber, Argo AI and the top smart driving headlines. For more on Dr. Kockelman’s work….please visit…  http://www.caee.utexas.edu/prof/kockelman.”

                                                      DrivingTheDebate
                                                      Episode 003  [Everyone's for Connectivity; but...](https://youtu.be/DMNLH_fkcI4) F. Fishkin,
                                                      June 2, "But
                                                      the debate is
                                                      not really
                                                      about
                                                      technology nor
                                                      is it about
                                                      who delivers
                                                      the best value
                                                      for the money
                                                      or the most
                                                      privacy. It is
                                                      about ..."

Listen/Watch more  Hmmm…   We only scratched the surface. Alain

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 158,  Zoom-Cast Episode 158 w/Chunka Mui

F. Fishkin, May 28, “In the midst of the Covid-19 pandemic, what are the smartest ways to re-build and plan for the future? Futurist and author Chunka Mui joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Amazon, Zoox, Intel Mobileye, Tesla, Uber and more.” SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 157,  Zoom-Cast Episode 157 w/Grayson Brulte

F. Fishkin, May 21, “Global auto makers must completely re-think their autonomous mobility strategy as a result of the Covid-19 pandemic. So says innovation strategist Grayson Brulte of Brulte & Company….who joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Waymo, Tesla, Uber and more.”

  DrivingTheDebate Episode 002  The Future of Public Roadway Transit F. Fishkin, May 14, ”Will the Bus be Thrown Under the Bus?…

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 156,  Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 156 w/Danny Shapiro2 F. Fishkin, May 14, “With new hardware and software capabilities NVIDIA is expanding into new areas of driver assistance technology. Sr. Director of Automotive Danny Shapiro joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus the latest on Waymo, Voyage, Ford and more. listen and subscribe!”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 155,Zoom-Cast Episode 155 w/Alex Roy2 F. Fishkin, April 29, “The continuing impact of Covid-19 on autonomous vehicle progress. But it may not be all bad news. Alex Roy…host of the No Parking Podcast and Director of Special Operations at Argo AI joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Intel, Lyft, Uber and more. Listen and subscribe!

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 154Zoom-Cast Episode 154   w/Dan Sperling F. Fishkin, April 29, “Can ride sharing rebound after the pandemic? Daniel Sperling, founding director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Waymo, Ford and more.”

   DrivingTheDebate Episode 001 The Driverless “New Normal” Debate F. Fishkin, April 27,

SmartDrivingCars  Pod-Cast Episode 153Zoom-Cast Episode 153 w/Dick Mudge2

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 152,Zoom-Cast Episode 152 w/Brad Templeton

SmartDrivingCars Podcast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

 SmartDrivingCars Zoom-Cast Episode 148 w/Richard Bishop

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 147 - Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 142 - J. Hughes

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 141- A. Roy

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 139- Randal O’Toole

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 138-Nick Zart

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 136

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 135 - with Jim Atkinson

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 130 with Dick Mudge & Michael Sena

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 112 - J. Hardiman NJM

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 110 - Lance Elliot

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 108 3rd Summit Wrapup

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 107 3rd Summit Leilei Shinohara & Staff Sergeant Terence McDonnell

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 106 3rd Summit David Kidd & Cecillia Feeley

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 104 3rd Summit Anil Lewis & Katherine Freund

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 97 - Michael Sena’69

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 71-Nader’55

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 69 - Chunka Mui

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 65 - Bernard Soriano, CA DMV

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 58-Keith Code,Motorcycles

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 55-Larry Burns, Autonomy

Recent Highlights of:

                                                      March 5, 2021

                                                      [Automated Driving Technologies: Driving Change in Insurance](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)

                                                      K. Pyle, March
                                                      5, "It is in
                                                      the insurance
                                                      industry's
                                                      best interest
                                                      to use
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      technology to
                                                      make things
                                                      safer through
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance, not
                                                      just crash
                                                      mitigation.
                                                      Unlike crash
                                                      mitigation,
                                                      crash
                                                      avoidance
                                                      saves the
                                                      insurance
                                                      company money.
                                                      This was Alain
                                                      Kornhauserâ's
                                                      premise for
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit,
                                                      Incentivizing
                                                      Through
                                                      Insurance. The trillion-dollar question is whether the incentives to automate will
                                                      overcome the
                                                      countervailing
                                                      forces of
                                                      existing
                                                      business
                                                      practices in
                                                      other parts of
                                                      the mobility
                                                      industry?...."
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/03/05/automated-driving-technologies-driving-change-in-insurance/)  Hmmmm.... We had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken.  Alain

                                                      [March 2021 Issue](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena, Feb 23,
                                                      " ... There is
                                                      no way to test
                                                      a car
                                                      virtually...

OEMs are still learning that that today’s cars are not your father’s Oldsmobile.

                                                      Vehicle
                                                      connectivity
                                                      is not
                                                      something that
                                                      is tacked onto
                                                      a car, like a battery-operated portable TOMTOM or GARMIN (or [CoPilot](https://copilottruck.com/)...Michael,
                                                      How could you
                                                      forget?...!)...navigation
                                                      system....

                                                      Driving Neat:
                                                      Can U.S. Take
                                                      Its Cars
                                                      Without
                                                      ICE?..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/vcwicdu3rz3h73z/The%20Dispatcher_March%202021.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm... Plus much much more.
                                                      Enjoy!!! Alain  [COMMENTARY: How the Biden Administration and Congress Can Pave the Path for Automated Vehicles](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/) M.
                                                      Scribner, Feb.
                                                      11, "Automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technology is
                                                      coming; it's
                                                      advancing very
                                                      quickly," said
                                                      now-confirmed
                                                      Secretary of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Pete Buttigieg
                                                      during his
                                                      confirmation
                                                      hearing. “It
                                                      is something
                                                      that holds the
                                                      potential to
                                                      be
                                                      transformative
                                                      and I think in
                                                      many ways
                                                      policy has not
                                                      kept up.”

                                                      Secretary
                                                      Buttigieg is
                                                      absolutely
                                                      correct. The
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Department of Transportation, specifically the National Highway Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      division, has
                                                      a number of
                                                      tools at its
                                                      disposal that
                                                      can be used to
                                                      modernize the
                                                      federal
                                                      regulatory
                                                      environment to
                                                      help speed the
                                                      deployment of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      technologies
                                                      that can
                                                      greatly
                                                      enhance
                                                      safety,
                                                      mobility, and
                                                      access for all
                                                      Americans.
                                                      There is also
                                                      an important
                                                      role for
                                                      Congress,
                                                      especially at
                                                      this early
                                                      stage of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      development.

                                                      To support
                                                      reform efforts
                                                      within the
                                                      executive and
                                                      legislative
                                                      branches, my
                                                      new Reason
                                                      Foundation
                                                      policy brief,
                                                      [Challenges and Opportunities for Federal Automated Vehicle Policy](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0),
                                                      lays out
                                                      several steps
                                                      policymakers
                                                      can take to
                                                      adapt the
                                                      automotive
                                                      regulatory
                                                      apparatus to
                                                      automated
                                                      driving system
                                                      technologies.
                                                      The brief is
                                                      broken into
                                                      three main
                                                      sections:
                                                      defining
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles, a
                                                      survey of
                                                      current
                                                      federal
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle policy
                                                      development
                                                      activities,
                                                      and
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for federal
                                                      policymakers.

                                                      The reform
                                                      recommendations
                                                      for
                                                      legislators
                                                      and regulators
                                                      are
                                                      categorized
                                                      under four
                                                      themes: ..." [Read more](https://reason.org/policy-brief/challenges-and-opportunities-for-federal-automated-vehicle-policy/)  Hmmmm... Read especially: "[CHALLENGES AND OPPORTUNITIES FOR FEDERAL AUTOMATED VEHICLE POLICY](https://www.dropbox.com/s/7oiex3xvdh98f5y/challenges-opportunities-federal-automated-vehicle-policy.pdf?dl=0)".  Included is an extensive
                                                      discussion on
                                                      the SAE Levels
                                                      where Marc
                                                      states: "...most legacy automakers and new
                                                      automated
                                                      driving
                                                      developers are
                                                      planning to
                                                      avoid SAE
                                                      Level 3
                                                      altogether.."
                                                      and  "Given
                                                      the wide
                                                      diversity of
                                                      road network
                                                      operating
                                                      conditions,
                                                      achieving SAE
                                                      Level 5 poses
                                                      significant
                                                      challenges...."
                                                      That leaves
                                                      just two very
                                                      different
                                                      classes of AVs
                                                      ...
                                                      Safely-driven
                                                      AVs,
                                                      encompasing
                                                      SAE Levels 1
                                                      & 2, that
                                                      assist and
                                                      support human
                                                      drivers while
                                                      requiring that
                                                      a human driver
                                                      ensures that
                                                      the vehicle
                                                      will be driven
                                                      safely... and
                                                      Driverless
                                                      AVs, SAE Level
                                                      4, where the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      that the
                                                      vehicle will
                                                      be driven
                                                      safely is
                                                      entirely borne
                                                      by the driving
                                                      technology.
                                                      Those are the
                                                      only two
                                                      kinds.  Policy
                                                      should focus
                                                      on only those
                                                      two and get
                                                      those right.
                                                      They are they
                                                      only real
                                                      opportunities
                                                      for this
                                                      technology ...
                                                      one to help
                                                      human drivers
                                                      drive more
                                                      safely and the
                                                      other is to
                                                      drive safely
                                                      without any
                                                      help or
                                                      involvement by
                                                      anyone riding
                                                      long with the
                                                      vehicle.
                                                      Thus, the
                                                      first order of
                                                      business for
                                                      Federal Policy
                                                      is to simplify
                                                      the process by
                                                      concentrating
                                                      on those two
                                                      very diffent
                                                      kinds of AVs
                                                      and get those
                                                      right.  Alain

                                                      [Biden inherits big traffic safety mess](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      Feb. 4, "...
                                                      "  [Read more](https://edition.pagesuite.com/popovers/dynamic_article_popover.aspx?guid=59e39325-8a38-42b3-af1d-6b62bdd0d6a0&v=sdk)  Hmmmm... If the driver/owner is
                                                      expected to be
                                                      prepared to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      it is NOT full
                                                      anything,
                                                      period.
                                                      Moreover, if
                                                      the
                                                      owner/driver
                                                      is NOT
                                                      prepared, nor
                                                      permitted to
                                                      intervene to
                                                      maintain
                                                      safety, then
                                                      the fleet
                                                      operator is
                                                      required to
                                                      accept the
                                                      responsibility
                                                      and "make
                                                      whole" any and
                                                      all
                                                      liabilities
                                                      arising from
                                                      any  and all
                                                      "at fault"
                                                      crashes.
                                                      Until Elon is
                                                      willing to
                                                      step up and
                                                      take on that
                                                      responsibility/liability
                                                      or sell his
                                                      cars
                                                      exclusively to
                                                      operating
                                                      entities that
                                                      assume that
                                                      responsibility
                                                      his Teslas are
                                                      NOT full
                                                      anything, period! Alain

Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System G. Laniewki, Jan 26. “:…“  Read more  Hmmmm… Very nice Nation-wide investigation by my students this past Fall. Alain

G.M. Will Sell Only Zero-Emission Vehicles by 2035

                                                      N. Boudette,
                                                      Jan. 28, "The
                                                      days of the
                                                      internal
                                                      combustion
                                                      engine are
                                                      numbered.

                                                      General Motors
                                                      said Thursday
                                                      that it would
                                                      phase out
                                                      petroleum-powered
                                                      cars and
                                                      trucks and
                                                      sell only
                                                      vehicles that
                                                      have zero
                                                      tailpipe
                                                      emissions by
                                                      2035, a
                                                      seismic shift
                                                      by one of the
                                                      world's
                                                      largest
                                                      automakers
                                                      that makes
                                                      billions of
                                                      dollars today
                                                      from
                                                      gas-guzzling
                                                      pickup trucks
                                                      and sport
                                                      utility
                                                      vehicles.

                                                      .."  [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/01/28/business/gm-zero-emission-vehicles.html?campaign_id=60&emc=edit_na_20210128&instance_id=0&nl=breaking-news&ref=headline&regi_id=89228009&segment_id=50516&user_id=bb3a3afb7a60246a936251b2f79cc1db)Hmmmm...
                                                      Great!
                                                      (maybe???):
                                                      Good News:
                                                      Zero emission
                                                      vehicles; Bad
                                                      News: From
                                                      where cometh
                                                      the marginal
                                                      electricity
                                                      that enables
                                                      that
                                                      Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle to
                                                      move and what
                                                      carries that
                                                      electricity to
                                                      the point on
                                                      the road where
                                                      that
                                                      electricity is
                                                      used to power
                                                      that Zero-Emission
                                                      Vehicle?
                                                      Until we have
                                                      a "Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Battery" and
                                                      all
                                                      electricity is
                                                      created using
                                                      Zero Emission,
                                                      GM cannot
                                                      produce, nor
                                                      sell, Zero
                                                      Emission
                                                      Vehicles that
                                                      actually move
                                                      (other than [downhill a la Nikola](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2020/09/nikola-admits-prototype-was-rolling-downhill-in-promotional-video/)).
                                                      So please tout
                                                      the whole
                                                      story!!  (Will
                                                      these EVs be
                                                      less polluting
                                                      than an ICE
                                                      that GM could
                                                      build and sell
                                                      "by 2035"? is
                                                      the real
                                                      question.  The
                                                      answer depends
                                                      on where we
                                                      will be with
                                                      electricity
                                                      production and
                                                      distribution,
                                                      the efficiency
                                                      and makeup of
                                                      batteries and
                                                      the
                                                      improvement of
                                                      ICEs. (I
                                                      didn't mean to
                                                      imply that it
                                                      was a simple
                                                      question, but
                                                      the NY Times
                                                      should be more
                                                      than
                                                      click-bait.).
                                                        Alain

                                                      January 29,
                                                      2021

                                                      blue;
                                                      text-decoration:
                                                      none;">

                                                      [U Mich's Robert Hampshire joins Biden administration to work in transportation research and technology](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)

                                                      J. Karoub,
                                                      Jan. 21,
                                                      "Robert
                                                      Hampshire,
                                                      associate
                                                      professor at
                                                      the University
                                                      of Michiga's
                                                      Gerald R. Ford
                                                      School of
                                                      Public Policy
                                                      whose research
                                                      and policy
                                                      engagement
                                                      focuses on
                                                      understanding
                                                      the societal,
                                                      climate and
                                                      equity
                                                      implications
                                                      of autonomous
                                                      and connected
                                                      vehicles and
                                                      other
                                                      innovative
                                                      mobility
                                                      services, has
                                                      joined the
                                                      Biden
                                                      administration
                                                      to work in the
                                                      U.S.
                                                      Transportation
                                                      ..  [Read more](https://news.umich.edu/u-ms-robert-hampshire-joins-biden-administration-to-work-in-transportation-research-and-technology/)  Hmmmm...  What a fantastic
                                                      appointment. Congratulations Robert!  Alain

                                                      [AUTOMATED VEHICLES: Comprehensive Plan](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0) E.
                                                      Chao, Jan.
                                                      2021, "The
                                                      Automated
                                                      Vehicles
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan
                                                      (Comprehensive
                                                      Plan)
                                                      describes how
                                                      the United
                                                      States
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      (U.S. DOT) is
                                                      supporting the
                                                      safe
                                                      integration of
                                                      Automated
                                                      Driving
                                                      Systems (ADS)2
                                                      into the
                                                      surface
                                                      transportation
                                                      system. It
                                                      explains
                                                      Departmental
                                                      goals related
                                                      to ADS,
                                                      identifies
                                                      actions being
                                                      taken to meet
                                                      those goals,
                                                      and provides
                                                      real-world
                                                      examples of
                                                      how these
                                                      Departmental
                                                      actions relate
                                                      to emerging
                                                      ADS
                                                      applications...
                                                        "  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/35vtszzmvv90ohx/USDOT_AVCP.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm...  I guess this is a good
                                                      plan.  Of
                                                      course, Safety
                                                      is #1, as it
                                                      should be.
                                                      DoT's #1
                                                      public
                                                      responsibility
                                                      is Safety.
                                                      Whether Cyber
                                                      Security and
                                                      Privacy are #
                                                      2 and 3  and
                                                      ahead of
                                                      Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      is certainly
                                                      debatable.
                                                      And if the Enhanced
                                                      Mobility and
                                                      Accessibility
                                                      of the
                                                      "mobility
                                                      disadvantaged
                                                      that have been
                                                      left behind by
                                                      our current
                                                      favored
                                                      transport
                                                      system"  were
                                                      to be a
                                                      category, then
                                                      that one
                                                      should be
                                                      right behind
                                                      Safety at #2
                                                      if not ahead
                                                      of Safety and
                                                      a solid #1.
                                                      The rest. as
                                                      they should,
                                                      are
                                                      appropriately
                                                      details.  What
                                                      is most
                                                      disconcerting
                                                      about the
                                                      report are the
                                                      images. To me,
                                                      those images
                                                      depict the
                                                      current
                                                      "haves", not
                                                      "have-nots"
                                                      and thus don't
                                                      really address
                                                      the mobility
                                                      needs and
                                                      desires of
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      enhanced by
                                                      automation
                                                      technology.
                                                      These images
                                                      seem to focus
                                                      the Plan on
                                                      giving those
                                                      that already
                                                      have pretty
                                                      good ways to
                                                      get around,
                                                      yet another
                                                      way to get
                                                      around, where,
                                                      when you
                                                      finally get
                                                      right down to
                                                      it, may at
                                                      best be only
                                                      slightly
                                                      better than
                                                      what they
                                                      already have.
                                                      This
                                                      Comprehensive
                                                      Plan should
                                                      first be
                                                      focused on
                                                      providing
                                                      high-quality
                                                      affordable
                                                      mobility to
                                                      those whose
                                                      quality-of-life
                                                      could be most
                                                      improved by
                                                      such new
                                                      technologies
                                                      and
                                                      subsequently
                                                      serve those
                                                      that already
                                                      enjoy and can
                                                      afford other
                                                      high-quality
                                                      forms of
                                                      mobility.

Also, Elaine, thank you for a really good 4 years.  You (and USDoT) were really the star of what was otherwise a most embarrassing Presidency. Also, thanks to Diana Furchtgott-Roth and many others in US DoT.  Alain

                                                      January 08,
                                                      2021

  Automatic braking is now on most new cars. But not GM or Fiat Chrysler vehicles C. Isidore, Dec 17, “Automatic braking, once a feature available exclusively to high-end cars, is becoming common across the industry, according to analysis from Consumer Reports and the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety.

                                                      .. "  [Read more](https://www.cnn.com/2020/12/17/business/automatic-braking/)  Hmmmm... Set up for the [3rd session of the SDC Summit](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210114).
                                                      Alain

                                                      December 31,
                                                      2020   [Sustainable and Attainable: Zoox Unveils Autonomous Robotaxi Powered by NVIDIA](https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/2020/12/17/zoox-autonomous-robotaxi-powered-by-nvidia/) D. Shapiro,
                                                      Dec. 17, "When
                                                      it comes to
                                                      future
                                                      mobility, you
                                                      may not have
                                                      to pave as
                                                      many paradises
                                                      for personal
                                                      car parking
                                                      lots.

                                                      This week,
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility
                                                      company Zoox
                                                      unveiled its
                                                      much-anticipated
                                                      purpose-built
                                                      robotaxi.
                                                      Designed for
                                                      everyday urban
                                                      mobility, the
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      powered by
                                                      NVIDIA and is
                                                      one of the
                                                      first level 5
                                                      robotaxis
                                                      featuring
                                                      bi-directional
                                                      capabilities,
                                                      providing a
                                                      concrete view
                                                      into the next
                                                      generation of
                                                      intelligent
                                                      transportation...."
                                                      [Read more](https://blogs.nvidia.com/blog/2020/12/17/zoox-autonomous-robotaxi-powered-by-nvidia/)  Hmmmm... Watch Zoom-Cast 192.
                                                      Alain

                                                      December 11,
                                                      2020

                                                      [Uber, After Years of Trying, Is Handing Off Its Self-Driving Car Project](https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/07/technology/uber-self-driving-car-project.html)

C. Metz & K. Conger, Dec 7, “Uber, which spent hundreds of millions of dollars on a self-driving car project that executives once believed was a key to becoming profitable, is handing the autonomous vehicle effort over to a Silicon Valley start-up, the companies said on Mondayh….” Read more Hmmmm…  Actually a good article. Alain

                                                      December 04,
                                                      2020

  Nikola Teaches GM a Lesson S. Wilmot, Nov 30, “Nikola Corp. NKLA 0.76% isn’t turning out to be the next Tesla that investors and    were hoping for. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Lessons for many in this endeavor.  See alsoAndrew Hawkin’s take as well as David Morris’. Alain

                                                      November 26,

 The Vehicle Fuel Debate Has Been Hijacked

M. Sena, Nov. 19, “The lead article this month was inspired by a diagram I received showing how much of the energy that we generate to heat our homes, light up our rooms, make the concrete and steel to build our infrastructure and power our transportation is wasted. It’s over two-thirds. Wasted! Half of it is from producing electricity.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)Hmmmm... What can I say?? Another great
                                                      edition of the
                                                      Dispatcher. Be
                                                      sure to read
                                                      all the way
                                                      through
                                                      including  "[Musings of a Dispatcher: Cars are from Mars](https://www.dropbox.com/s/lw27g9qlolrjkpb/The%20Dispatcher_December%202020.pdf?dl=0)".  Enjoy and listen/watch the
                                                      following [Pod](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-187)/[Zoom](https://youtu.be/eyGCKObQ4e0)-casts.  Alain

  Waymo’s Safety Methodologies and Safety Readiness Determinations N, Webb, Oct. 30, “As the world’s most experienced developer of automated driving systems, Waymo has extensive experience in developing and applying state-of-the-art safety methodologies. Waymo’s methodologies help implement Waymo’s forward-looking safety philosophy: Waymo will reduce traffic injuries and fatalities by driving safely and responsibly, and will carefully manage risk as we scale our operations. Waymo’s safety methodologies, which draw on well established engineering processes and address new safety challenges specific to Automated Vehicle technology, provide a firm foundation for safe deployment of our Level 4 ADS, which we also refer to as the Waymo Driver. Waymo’s determination of its readiness to deploy its AVs safely in different settings rests on that firm foundation and on a thorough analysis of risks specific to a particular Operational Design Domain )….”  Read more Hmmmm…  The process.  Must read!  Alain

  Waymo Public Road Safety Performance Data M. Schwall, Oct. 30, “Waymo’s mission to reduce traffic injuries and fatalities and improve mobility for all has led us to expand deployment of automated vehicles (AVs) on public roads without a human driver behind the wheel.  As part of this process, Waymo is committed to providing the public with informative and relevant data regarding the demonstrated safety of Waymo’s automated driving system (ADS), which we call the Waymo Driver….” Read more Hmmmm…  The substance.  Must read! …

I had the priveledge of reviewing Waymo’s most recent Safety Reports 1 , 2 (above)

In the past, safety reports by the AV community have largely been a response to NHTSA’¢s Voluntary Safety Self-Assessments and have, in my opinion, been largely public relations documents. While generally descriptive about the testing processes they contain very little, if any, substantive information about their safety related experience to-date focused exclusively on driverless operation.

Safe driverless operation is absolutely necessary for AVs to evolve from extremely expensive chauffeured rides to affordable mobility available to essentially anyone throughout an Operational Design Domain (ODD). Affordability requires that the mobility be delivered without a driver or attendant on-board the vehicle.  Only passengers.

The decision to remove the driver/attendant rests in part on the shoulders of public safety regulators who need to allow such operation, but more importantly, on the shoulders of the real decision makers at the AV company. In the end, it is those AV company decision makers who will be held fully responsible for any lapse in the safety of the driverless operation. These decision makers are inside the AV companies and are, of course, privy to all the details and substance about their own safety related driverless operation, which, in the past, has not been shared in their Voluntary Safety Self-assessments.

My impression is that these just released Waymo Safety Reports contain the substantive information that clearly depicts Waymo’s safety-related driverless operational experience. To me, they read like internal documents meant to guide and inform internal decision makers to objectively decide if a sufficiently safe operational experience has been achieved in order to vote to fully accept the safety responsibility of driverless operation in their Operational Design Domain.

Given the information that is contained in these documents, it does not surprise me that Waymo decision makers have decided to proceed with driverless operation in the Phoenix Operational Design Domain. Had I had the responsibility of being one of the decision makers reviewing these documents, I would have also voted yes.

                                                      Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      October 09,
                                                      2020

 Waymo starts to open driverless ride-hailing service to the public

K. Korosec, Oct. 8, “Waymo, the Google self-driving-project-turned-Alphabet unit, is beginning to open up its driverless ride-hailing service to the public.

                                                      ..."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2020/10/08/waymo-starts-to-open-driverless-ride-hailing-service-to-the-public/)  Hmmmm...  "...fully Driverless...".
                                                      That means
                                                      that Krafcik,
                                                      the Waymo
                                                      "Board",
                                                      Alphabet's
                                                      Board and all
                                                      the lawyers
                                                      have signed
                                                      off and
                                                      said... We are
                                                      safe enough to
                                                      basically bet
                                                      the ranch that
                                                      the expected
                                                      value of the
                                                      mobility that
                                                      we'll be
                                                      putting out on
                                                      the streets
                                                      of our Operational Design Domain, which is under our control,
                                                      is worth
                                                      whatever
                                                      expected risk
                                                      still exists
                                                      that some bad
                                                      things may
                                                      happen.  That
                                                      is an enormous
                                                      hurdle that
                                                      has been
                                                      achieved by an
                                                      entity that
                                                      has an
                                                      enormous
                                                      ranch.  CONGRATULATIONS!!!
                                                      It hasn't come
                                                      easy, nor has
                                                      it come
                                                      without intese
                                                      diligence and
                                                      effort. CONGRATULATIONS!!! Alain
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      October 09,
                                                      2020

  ASSISTED DRIVING GRADINGS Staff, Oct. 2020  “On this page you will find the gradings of cars tested by Euro NCAP on automated driving technologies.

                                                      September 25,
                                                      2020

  Proposal for a new UN Regulation on uniform provisions concerning the approval of vehicles with regards to Automated Lane Keeping System

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      September 11,
                                                      2020  [Tesla's 'Full Self-Driving Capability' Falls Short of Its Name](https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/tesla-full-self-driving-capability-review-falls-short-of-its-name/) M.
                                                      Monticello.
                                                      Sept. 8, The
                                                      features might
                                                      be cutting
                                                      edge, even
                                                      cool, but we
                                                      think buyers
                                                      should be wary
                                                      of shelling
                                                      out $8,000 for
                                                      what electric
                                                      car company
                                                      Tesla calls
                                                      its Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      Capability
                                                      option. Tesla
                                                      claims every
                                                      new vehicle it
                                                      builds
                                                      includes all
                                                      the hardware
                                                      necessary to
                                                      be fully
                                                      autonomous,
                                                      and the
                                                      company says
                                                      that through
                                                      future
                                                      over-the-air
                                                      software
                                                      updates, its
                                                      cars should
                                                      eventually be
                                                      capable of
                                                      driving
                                                      themselves.  .... Anytime anyone uses words
                                                      such as "Full"
                                                      the one thing
                                                      that you know
                                                      that they are
                                                      "Full" of is
                                                      ....   "Full"
                                                      is about a
                                                      perception,
                                                      not a fact.
                                                      Even the
                                                      definition of
                                                      "autonomous"
                                                      has caveats
                                                      (or should I
                                                      say Full of
                                                      caveats?).
                                                      What I
                                                      interpret Elon
                                                      to be selling
                                                      is: sufficient
                                                      hardware
                                                      (sensors,
                                                      memory,
                                                      compute power
                                                      and
                                                      communications
                                                      bandwidth)
                                                      that, with
                                                      more elegant
                                                      software, may
                                                      be able to do
                                                      a way better
                                                      job in safely
                                                      driving a
                                                      car.  What he
                                                      has never said
                                                      is that this
                                                      hardware plus
                                                      future
                                                      software is
                                                      going to be
                                                      good enough
                                                      for him to be
                                                      held
                                                      responsible if
                                                      something bad
                                                      happens when
                                                      the car is
                                                      being driven
                                                      by that
                                                      hardware and
                                                      software
                                                      combination.
                                                      That said,
                                                      lets move
                                                      on...

                                                      But for now,
                                                      Full
                                                      Self-Driving
                                                      Capability,
                                                      which includes
                                                      features that
                                                      can assist the
                                                      driver with
                                                      parking,
                                                      changing lanes
                                                      on the
                                                      highway, and
                                                      even coming to
                                                      a complete
                                                      halt at
                                                      traffic lights
                                                      and stop
                                                      signs, remains
                                                      a misnomer ...Yes!...   Below, we explain each feature in
                                                      the suite, its
                                                      intended use,
                                                      and how each
                                                      performed in
                                                      our tests....
                                                      " [Read more](https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/tesla-full-self-driving-capability-review-falls-short-of-its-name/) Hmmmm.... [See Video](https://www.consumerreports.org/autonomous-driving/tesla-full-self-driving-capability-review-falls-short-of-its-name/), [Watch Zoom-Cast](https://youtu.be/AfRb9B-9boc).  Help with
                                                      parking....
                                                      no  one parks
                                                      a good car
                                                      into a tight
                                                      parking place;
                                                      else, that
                                                      car's life as
                                                      a god car
                                                      rapidly
                                                      disappears.
                                                      Stupid Summon
                                                      is just
                                                      stupid... your
                                                      car is not
                                                      your dog and
                                                      certainly not
                                                      in the WalMart
                                                      parking lot.
                                                      (or should I
                                                      have said
                                                      WholePaycheck
                                                      parking lot)
                                                      Here puppy,
                                                      here puppy!

I really like what Consumer Reports has been doing on this front. Trying to help consumers understant what is what. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                       [The Biggest Self-Driving Truck Startup Stumbles in Hitting High Goals](https://www.theinformation.com/articles/the-biggest-self-driving-truck-startup-stumbles-in-hitting-high-goals)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                         [Car OEMs Driving Toward Relevance or Perdition](https://www.dropbox.com/s/ltmk5s3hdpwf6nr/The-Dispatcher_August-2020.pdf?dl=0)

###

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                       [Fostering Economic Opportunity through Autonomous Vehicle Technology](https://us02web.zoom.us/webinar/register/WN_bUHzsV9BSm-tJkKQ6QVNqg)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,

 Announcing 2020-2021 Fellow-in-Residence Henry L. Greenidge, Esq. rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Thursday,

                                                      [Luminaries Battle In Lincoln-Douglas Style Debate About The Future Of Self-Driving Cars](https://www.forbes.com/sites/lanceeliot/2020/04/28/luminaries-battle-in-lincoln-douglas-style-debate-about-the-future-of-self-driving-cars/#35c0455028b6)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,

  What Negative Oil Prices Mean and How the Impact Could Last rgb(51, 51, 255);”>Friday,

  Starsky Robotics Failed. Does That Mean Automated Trucking Is Dead?

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Friday,
                                                      January 31,
                                                      2020

2020 Hyundai Sonata stars in Super Bowl ad all about ‘Smaht Pahk’

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Sunday,
                                                      January 12,

   Hmmmm… Reflections

A. Kornhauser, Jan 12,    Hmmmm…   Self-driving cars are hot and the OEMs are responding. I’m about to buy a new Subaru Outback and EyeSightis standard.  It is no longer just AutoPilot or expensive options that car salesmen don’t sell. Car companies, as reflected in what is in showrooms and what was promoted at CES, have realized the comfort and convenience of Self-driving technology (cars that have a lot of the Safe-driving car features but also enable you to take your feet off the pedals and hands off the wheel at least for short periods of time. These technologies are really becoming the ‘chrome and fins’ that sell cars to individuals in the 2020s. The momentum is all behind that happening and there is little Washington or Trenton or Princeton Council can do about it. Hopefully part of that momentum will be to make these systems actually work well, especially the Automated Emergency Braking Systems (MUST quit assuming that all stationary objects in the lane ahead can be passed under and consequently each is disregarded. As Tesla is finding out, sometimes those objects are parked firetrucks.) and begin to put hard limits on over-speeding, tailgating and use while driver is impaired. Self-driving cars are unfortunately going to lead to substantial urban sprawl, increased VMT, increased congestion and do nothing to help the energy and pollution challenges of our addiction to the personal automobile. Only ‘Waymo-style Driverless’ (autonomousTaxis, (aTaxis)) tuned to entice ride-sharing can potentially stem the tide of ever more personal car ownership and ever expanding urban sprawl. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Monday,
                                                      January 6,
                                                      2020

A. Kornhauser, Jan. 6,    Hmmmm…   I’m in rehab and hope to go home on Wednesday morning. Thank you to so many of you for all the good wishes and prayers.  They each helped. I’m looking to making a full recovery. Remember, if you don’t feel well, get evaluated by a doctor.  I was totally clueless about what hit me from out of nowhere. Alain

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      November 23,
                                                      2019 [Self-driving car capital? One senator thinks it can be Florida](https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/article237625484.html)
                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Saturday,
                                                      September 28,
                                                      2019 [Public forum will explore possibility of transit on demand in Princeton](https://planetprinceton.com/2019/09/22/public-forum-will-explore-possibility-of-transit-on-demand-in-princeton/)

                                                      rgb(51, 51,
                                                      255);">Thursday,
                                                      November 22,

  Market Framework and Outlook for Automated Vehicle Systems

                                                      October 24,

New Jersey Pending Legislation re: Autonomous Vehicles

Oct 16, Establishes fully autonomous vehicle pilot program A4573 Sponsors: Zwicker (D16); Benson (D14)

Oct 16, EstablishesNew Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force AJR164Sponsors: Benson (D14); Zwicker (D16); Lampitt (D6)

                                                      Oct 16, [Directs MVC to establish driver's license endorsement for autonomous vehicles A4541](https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/A5000/4541_I1.PDF) Sponsors:
                                                      Zwicker (D16);
                                                      Benson (D14);
                                                      Lampitt
                                                      (D6)..."  [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NVIDIA-Self-Driving-Safety-Report-2018.pdf)Hmmmm.... Things are beginning to move in New
                                                      Jersey.  Alain

 Testimony of Alain Kornhauser, Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

Audio Recording of Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

 CPUC AUTHORIZES PASSENGER CARRIERS TO PROVIDE FREE TEST RIDES IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES WITH VALID CPUC AND DMV PERMITS

PRELIMINARY REPORT: HIGHWAY: HWY18MH010 (Uber/Herzberg Crash) May 24, “About 9:58 p.m., on Sunday, March 18, 2018, an Uber Technologies, Inc. test vehicle, based on a modified 2017 Volvo XC90 and operating with a self-driving system in computer control mode, struck a pedestrian on northbound Mill Avenue, in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona.

…The vehicle was factory equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions by Volvo Cars, the original manufacturer. The systems included a collision avoidance function with automatic emergency

                                                      braking, known
                                                      as City
                                                      Safety, as
                                                      well as
                                                      functions for
                                                      detecting
                                                      driver
                                                      alertness and
                                                      road sign
                                                      information.
                                                      All these
                                                      Volvo
                                                      functions are
                                                      disabled when
                                                      the test
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      operated in
                                                      computer
                                                      control..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf) Hmmmm.... Uber must believe
                                                      that its
                                                      systems are
                                                      better at
                                                      avoiding
                                                      Collisions and
                                                      Automated
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Braking than
                                                      Volvo's.  At least this gets Volvo
                                                      "off the
                                                      hook".

“…According to data obtained from the self-driving system, the system first registered radar and LIDAR observations of the pedestrian about 6 seconds before impact, when the vehicle was traveling at 43 mph…“ (= 63 feet/second) So the system started “seeing an obstacle when it was 63 x 6 = 378 feet away… more than a football field, including end zones!

“…As the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path…“ (NTSB: Please tell us precisely when it classified this “object’ as a vehicle and be explicit about the expected ”future travel paths.”  Forget the path, please just tell us the precise velocity vector that Uber’s system attached to the “object”, then the “vehicle”. Why didn’t the the Uber system instruct the Volvo to begin to slow down (or speed up) to avoid a collision?  If these paths (or velocity vectors) were not accurate, then why weren’t they accurate?  Why was the object classified as a “Vehicle” ??  When did it finally classify the object as a ”bicycle”?  Why did it change classifications? How often was the classification of this object done.  Please divulge the time and the outcome of each classification of this object. In the tests that Uber has done, how often has the system mis-classified an object as a”pedestrian”when the object was actually an overpass, or an overhead sign or overhead branches/leaves that the car could safely pass under, or was nothing at all?? (Basically, what are the false alarm characteristics of Uber’s Self-driving sensor/software system as a function of vehicle speed and time-of-day?)

“…At 1.3 seconds before impact, (impact speed was 39mph = 57.2 ft/sec) the self-driving system determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision” (1.3 x 57.2 = 74.4 ft. which is about equal to the braking distance. So it still could have stopped short.

“…According to Uber, emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce (eradicate??) the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. …“ NTSB:  Please describe/define potential  and erratic vehicle behavior   Also please uncover and divulge the design & decision process that Uber went through to decide that this risk (disabling the AEB) was worth the reward of eradicating “ ”erratic vehicle behavior”.  This is fundamentally BAD design.  If the Uber system’s false alarm rate is so large that the best way to deal with false alarms is to turn off the AEB, then the system should never have been permitted on public roadways.

“…The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. ” Wow! If Uber’s system fundamentally relies on a human to intervene, then Uber is nowhere near creating a Driverless vehicle. Without its own Driverless vehicle Uber is past “Peak valuation”.

“…The system is not designed to alert the operator. “ That may be the only good part of Uber’s design.  In a Driverless vehicle, there is no one to warn, so don’t waste your time.  If it is important enough to warn, then it is important enough for the automated system to start initiating things to do something about it. Plus, the Driver may not know what to do anyway. This is pretty much as I stated in PodCast of SmartDrivingCar, 10,  2018   Don’t Worry, Driverless Cars Are Learning From Grand Theft Auto

Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving

announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

Sunday, December 19, 2015 Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars Video similar to part of Adam’s Luncheon talk @ 2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec 1.  Hmmm … Watch Video especially at the 13:12 mark. Compelling; especially after the 60 Minutes segment above!  Also see his TipRanks. Alain

Alain L. Kornhauser, PhD

                          Professor, Operations Research &
                          Financial Engineering

                          Director, Transportation Program

                          Faculty Chair, Princeton Autonomous
                          Vehicle Engineering

229 Sherrerd Hall

                                  Princeton University

                                  Princeton, NJ

                                  609-258-4657 (o)

                                  609-980-1427 (c)

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