2021-07-23

2021-07-23

July 23, 2021 28th edition of the 9th year of SmartDrivingCars eLetter

###

Upward Urban & Rural Mobility via Autonomous Mobility

                                                      K. Pyle, July
                                                      19, "It is
                                                      said that a
                                                      picture is
                                                      worth a
                                                      thousand
                                                      words. The
                                                      picture [Selika Josiah Talbott](https://www.american.edu/spa/faculty/selikat.cfm) chose for her virtual
                                                      backdrop at
                                                      the recent [2021 TRB Annual Automated Road Transportation Symposium](http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/181880.aspx)
                                                      sums up the
                                                      mobility
                                                      challenges
                                                      that urban and
                                                      rural locales
                                                      face with
                                                      existing
                                                      infrastructure,
                                                      particularly
                                                      in low-income
                                                      areas. Joining
                                                      Talbott on
                                                      this panel
                                                      were experts
                                                      opining on
                                                      Talbott's
                                                      insightful
                                                      comments about
                                                      autonomous
                                                      mobility and
                                                      its potential
                                                      to provide
                                                      upward
                                                      mobility...."
                                                      [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/07/19/upward-urban-rural-mobility-via-autonomous-mobility/)  Hmmmm...  Simply a must read.
                                                      This is the
                                                      real market
                                                      for
                                                      autonomousTaxis
                                                      (aTaxis).
                                                      Alain

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 225, Zoom-Cast Episode 225

                                                      w/Kevin
                                                      Biesty, Deputy
                                                      Director for
                                                      Policy @
                                                      Arizona DoT

###

F. Fishkin, July 22, “Chandler, Arizona is the one place where paying customers can take advantage of driverless robo-taxis (from Waymo) to get where they are going.   How did that happen?  What does the future hold? Kevin Biesty, Arizona’s Deputy Director for Policy at the Department of Transportation,  joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for an in depth discussion. Plus.. Ford, Argo, Lyft, Tesla, Mercedes & more. “Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!”. Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay … Alain

SmartDrivingCars

                                                      [Pod-Cast Episode 224](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-224),
                                                      [Zoom-Cast Episode 224](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=rOjuxzwErEY)  w/Selika
                                                      Josiah Talbot,
                                                      Principal,
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Consulting

###

F. Fishkin, July 19, “Does there need to be a White House appointed autonomous and electric vehicle  czar to open up new mobility possibilities for all? That’s the view of Selika Josiah Talbott..a government veteran who now heads Autonomous Vehicle Consulting and lectures at American University. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a deeper look at how the technology can be deployed to improve lives. “Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!”. Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay … Alain

                                                      The
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      eLetter,
                                                      Pod-Casts,
                                                      Zoom-Casts and
                                                      Zoom-inars are
                                                      made possible
                                                      in part by
                                                      support from
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Transportation
                                                      and Technology
                                                      ETF, symbol
                                                      MOTO.   For
                                                      more
                                                      information: [www.motoetf.com](https://www.smartetfs.com/).
                                                      Most funding
                                                      is supplied by
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University's
                                                      Department of
                                                      Operations
                                                      Research &
                                                      Financial
                                                      Engineering
                                                      and Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering
                                                      (PAVE)
                                                      research
                                                      laboratory as
                                                      part of its
                                                      research
                                                      dissemination
                                                      initiative

Waymo to open offices in Pittsburgh, an AV tech hub

A. Alamathodael, July 22, “Waymo, Google’s former self-driving car project that’s now an independent business unit under Alphabet, is expanding its presence in the eastern U.S. The company said Thursday it would be opening offices in Pittsburgh, joining a growing suite of companies developing and testing autonomous vehicle technology in the Steel City.

                                                      The company
                                                      will start by
                                                      hiring around
                                                      a dozen
                                                      engineers, a
                                                      source
                                                      familiar with
                                                      the move told
                                                      TechCrunch,
                                                      and they'll
                                                      co-locate in
                                                      Google's
                                                      existing
                                                      offices in the
                                                      Bakery Square
                                                      district. As
                                                      of Thursday,
                                                      only around
                                                      three open
                                                      positions for
                                                      the Pittsburgh
                                                      area were
                                                      listed on
                                                      Waymo's
                                                      website, but
                                                      the company
                                                      will be adding
                                                      more roles
                                                      soon.

                                                      Some of the
                                                      new team will
                                                      come from
                                                      Pittsburgh-based
                                                      RobotWits, a
                                                      tech startup
                                                      focused on
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicle
                                                      decision-making.
                                                      That includes
                                                      RobotWits'
                                                      founder and
                                                      CEO Maxim
                                                      Likhachev, and
                                                      other members
                                                      of its
                                                      engineering
                                                      and technical
                                                      team. While
                                                      Waymo did not
                                                      technically
                                                      acquire the
                                                      startup, it
                                                      did acquire
                                                      RobotWits' IP
                                                      rights, the
                                                      source
                                                      said...."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2021/07/22/waymo-to-open-offices-in-pittsburgh-an-av-tech-hub/?guccounter=1)  Hmmmm... Congratulations
                                                      Pittsburgh.
                                                      It looks like
                                                      your citizenry
                                                      will be
                                                      reaping the
                                                      rewards of the
                                                      welcoming
                                                      environment
                                                      that you've
                                                      created for
                                                      this
                                                      technology.

I’m sure you’ll be serving Crafton, where I grew up. Had you been there then, you certainly would have improved the life of my sister, me and especially my parents.  We, of course, didn’t have a car.  Not that I’m suggesting that I would want anything to change, because I am living am living an enormously charmed life, but just thinking about how affordable aTaxis could have made so many little things (and some big things) just a little better (and even much better) well… Congratulations Pittsburgh.  I hope New Jersey is next.  Many here, especially in Trenton, Camden, Newark, … even Princeton, could similarly benefit.  I’m working like hell to trying to make that happen.  It begins with a welcoming environment. Alain

ARGO AI AND FORD TO LAUNCH SELF-DRIVING VEHICLES ON LYFT NETWORK BY END OF 2021

                                                      Press release,
                                                      July 21, "In
                                                      an
                                                      industry-first
                                                      collaboration,
                                                      Argo AI, Lyft
                                                      and Ford Motor
                                                      Company are
                                                      working
                                                      together to
                                                      commercialize
                                                      autonomous
                                                      ride hailing
                                                      at scale. The
                                                      unique
                                                      collaboration
                                                      brings
                                                      together all
                                                      of the parts
                                                      necessary to
                                                      create a
                                                      viable
                                                      autonomous
                                                      ride hailing
                                                      service,
                                                      including the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      technology,
                                                      vehicle fleet
                                                      and
                                                      transportation
                                                      network needed
                                                      to support a
                                                      scalable
                                                      business and
                                                      deliver an
                                                      exceptional
                                                      experience for
                                                      riders.

                                                      "This
                                                      collaboration
                                                      marks the
                                                      first time all
                                                      the pieces of
                                                      the autonomous
                                                      vehicle puzzle
                                                      have come
                                                      together this
                                                      way," Lyft
                                                      co-founder and
                                                      CEO Logan
                                                      Green said.
                                                      "Each company
                                                      brings the
                                                      scale,
                                                      knowledge and
                                                      capability in
                                                      their area of
                                                      expertise that
                                                      is necessary
                                                      to make
                                                      autonomous
                                                      ride-hailing a
                                                      business
                                                      reality."

                                                      Argo AI and
                                                      Ford will
                                                      deploy Ford
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars, with
                                                      safety
                                                      drivers, on
                                                      the Lyft
                                                      network, as
                                                      part of a
                                                      network access
                                                      agreement,
                                                      with passenger
                                                      rides
                                                      beginning in
                                                      Miami later
                                                      this year and
                                                      in Austin
                                                      starting in
                                                      2022.  As
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      deployed, Lyft
                                                      users within
                                                      the defined
                                                      service areas
                                                      will be able
                                                      to select a
                                                      Ford
                                                      self-driving
                                                      vehicle to
                                                      hail a ride.
                                                      This initial
                                                      deployment
                                                      phase will lay
                                                      the groundwork
                                                      for scaling
                                                      operations, as
                                                      the parties
                                                      are now
                                                      working to
                                                      finalize
                                                      agreements
                                                      aiming to
                                                      deploy at
                                                      least 1,000
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles on
                                                      the Lyft
                                                      network,
                                                      across
                                                      multiple
                                                      markets over
                                                      the next five
                                                      years.

“This collaboration is special because we’re executing on a shared vision for improving the safety, access to and affordability of transportation in our cities,” said Bryan Salesky, founder and CEO, Argo AI… “  Read more Hmmmm… Sounds great.  Looking forward to this and hope that they’ll come to Trenton and the rest of New Jersey where Ford/Argo can actually improve the quality-of-life of many customers by providing high-quality “… access to and affordability of transportation in..” Trenton. Those customers are already safe, so, of course, these things need to be safe just to stay even. What will improve the lives of the residents of Trenton is the improved mobility opportunity that is affordable. Alain.

Tesla’s ‘Full Self Driving’ Push Is Okay In California—Because It’s Not Real Self-Driving

A. Ohnsman, July 21,  “If a car company tells people they can sign up to add a feature to their vehicle dubbed “full self driving” it’s reasonable to expect future road trips will be handled solely by the car, allowing a human behind the wheel to nap, eat, read or just sit back and enjoy the ride. When it comes to Tesla Full Self Driving, or FSD, that assumption is incorrect—and also means the U.S. state that buys the most Teslas likely won’t bar a new subscription program for the feature.

                                                      That's because
                                                      Tesla FSD,
                                                      despite the
                                                      name, is an
                                                      advanced
                                                      driver
                                                      assistance
                                                      system, not
                                                      Waymo-style
                                                      robotaxi
                                                      technology
                                                      that requires
                                                      approval for
                                                      use on
                                                      California
                                                      roads. When
                                                      Tesla's beta
                                                      software is
                                                      used, the
                                                      company
                                                      cautions that
                                                      a human behind
                                                      the wheel
                                                      remains
                                                      vigilant at
                                                      all times
                                                      because it
                                                      "may do the
                                                      wrong thing at
                                                      the worst
                                                      time." But
                                                      since Tesla
                                                      lawyers have
                                                      told
                                                      California
                                                      regulators
                                                      that it's not
                                                      really an
                                                      autonomous
                                                      system, it
                                                      doesn't appear
                                                      FSD
                                                      subscriptions
                                                      break state
                                                      rules. ....

The Federal Trade Commission, tasked with protecting consumers from deceptive or fraudulent product marketing, declined to say whether it’s reviewing Tesla’s promotion of FSD. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, which is responsible for auto safety, has said it’s stepping up monitoring of the auto industry’s use of partially automated features to more rapidly identify defective tech. NHTSA said last month it’s investigating 10 fatal crashes in which Autopilot may have been in use. “  Read more  Hmmmm…  What??? Did Trump win?? Is he back in the White House?  Or do we have a democrat in there who is supposed to concerned about the welfare of individuals and protecting consumers.  If this isn’t “deceptive” product marketing, then what is? Let’s then call it unethical product marketing. C’mon Elon, you make a really good product.  Why do you stoop to deceptive marketing practices? Can’t be just for the free buzz.  You’re rich enough to pay for responsible buzz.   The mere fact that you are using the phrase “Full Self Driving” to describe today’s version of this product is so untrue that your Twitter and Facebook and … accounts should be shut down.  Then goodby free Buzz.  Alain

Magna Buys Driver-Assist Supplier Veoneer for $3.8 Billion

G. Coppola, July 23, “ Magna International Inc. will acquire Veoneer Inc. for $3.8 billion in cash, bolstering its business supplying advanced driver-assistance systems to automakers.

                                                      The Canadian
                                                      company's
                                                      $31.25-a-share
                                                      offer
                                                      represents a
                                                      57% premium to
                                                      Veoneer's
                                                      closing price
                                                      on Thursday.
                                                      The
                                                      transaction is
                                                      expected to
                                                      close toward
                                                      the end of
                                                      this year,
                                                      according to a
                                                      statement.

                                                      Veoneer shares
                                                      rose slightly
                                                      above the
                                                      takeover price
                                                      Friday morning
                                                      before paring
                                                      gains to trade
                                                      at $31.20 at
                                                      3:06 p.m. in
                                                      New York.
                                                      Magna fell as
                                                      much as 7.1%,
                                                      its biggest
                                                      intraday drop
                                                      in more than a
                                                      year.

Semi-autonomous features like hands-free driving and crash-avoidance technology have become hotly contested battlegrounds as automakers seek to boost prices, best rivals with options that command a premium, and give drivers high-tech bragging rights. In response, global automotive suppliers are increasingly positioning themselves to benefit from the growth in advanced safety features in passenger cars.

                                                      "One of the
                                                      pillars of
                                                      Magna's
                                                      strategy was
                                                      to be able to
                                                      create
                                                      investment in
                                                      fast-growing
                                                      areas that are
                                                      relevant to
                                                      the car of the
                                                      future. ADAS
                                                      is one of
                                                      them," Chief
                                                      Executive
                                                      Officer Swamy
                                                      Kotagiri said
                                                      in an
                                                      interview with
                                                      Bloomberg
                                                      Television on
                                                      Friday. "You
                                                      have to look
                                                      at the
                                                      long-term
                                                      sustainable
                                                      shareholder
                                                      value, and
                                                      that's where
                                                      we are
                                                      focusing."..."
                                                      [Read more](https://finance.yahoo.com/news/magna-buys-driver-assist-supplier-142608270.html) Hmmmm...Michael Sena sees this as
                                                      "... one of
                                                      the major
                                                      pieces of
                                                      automotive
                                                      news in quite
                                                      some time..".
                                                      We're going to
                                                      need to wait
                                                      for his
                                                      October issue
                                                      of The
                                                      Dispatcher to
                                                      learn
                                                      details.
                                                      Alain

DEMAND FOR HIGHWAYS AND PRODUCTIVITY

                                                      A. Pisarsky,
                                                      July 19. " The
                                                      WSJ in a piece
                                                      by David
                                                      Harrison
                                                      written [July 4](https://www.wsj.com/articles/why-more-highway-spending-wont-rev-up-the-economy-11625403600) and now
                                                      expanded in an
                                                      addition on [July 14](https://www.wsj.com/articles/not-all-infrastructure-projects-are-worth-doing-research-paper-finds-11626253200) is
                                                      aimed at
                                                      questioning
                                                      the federal
                                                      spending being
                                                      focused on
                                                      roads. It
                                                      introduces all
                                                      of the
                                                      standard
                                                      research
                                                      papers from
                                                      over the years
                                                      as if they
                                                      were really
                                                      news. We
                                                      should do
                                                      benefit-cost
                                                      analyses –
                                                      what a
                                                      breakthrough
                                                      thought!
                                                      Basically, the
                                                      pieces suggest
                                                      what the
                                                      transportation
                                                      community has
                                                      been doing for
                                                      50 years. The
                                                      biggest
                                                      payoffs are
                                                      early in a
                                                      road systems
                                                      life – if the
                                                      investment
                                                      were rational
                                                      one would
                                                      expect so
                                                      wouldn't one.
                                                      That point was
                                                      made in
                                                      research in
                                                      the 90's on
                                                      the massive
                                                      pay offs
                                                      generated by
                                                      the
                                                      Interstates on
                                                      the order of
                                                      25% of all
                                                      productivity
                                                      growth over
                                                      two decades...

The first is that travel increases on new roads, labeled “induced demand” is somehow unproductive – “the roads just fill up again” argument. That demand is a good thing. It means that more people and goods can go where they want, when they want and how they want – close to a perfect definition of transportation productivity….” Read more Hmmmm…Alan… Perfect!!  Thank you.  By the way, being successful at deploying affordable high-quality mobility to all will increase Person Mile Traveled and may also increase Vehicle Mile Travel and may also increase congestion, BUT all that is nothing but good. even if the “David Harrisons” of this world find that they must now share the good fortune that they enjoyed in some part because of the marginalization of others.

The second point, that we learned in the National Academies study of the Interstates, Transportation Research Board Special Report 329, reported to Congress in 2019 is that the doubled population growth and the economic growth since the building of the interstates has generated demand in new places. What was the population of Las Vegas and Phoenix in 1956 when we designed the Interstates? That’s why there isn’t one between those two massive regions. Take a look around. Bringing access to new areas can be an immense boon to productivity. …  “

Mercedes−Benz prepares to go all−electric

Press release, July 22, “Mercedes-Benz is getting ready to go all electric by the end of the decade, where market conditions allow. Shifting from electric-first to electric-only, the world’s pre-eminent luxury car company is accelerating toward an emissions-free and software-driven future.

                                                      By 2022,
                                                      Mercedes-Benz
                                                      will have
                                                      battery
                                                      electric
                                                      vehicles (BEV)
                                                      in all
                                                      segments the
                                                      company
                                                      serves. From
                                                      2025 onwards,
                                                      all newly
                                                      launched
                                                      vehicle
                                                      architectures
                                                      will be
                                                      electric-only
                                                      and customers
                                                      will be able
                                                      to choose an
                                                      all-electric
                                                      alternative
                                                      for every
                                                      model the
                                                      company makes.
                                                      Mercedes-Benz
                                                      intends to
                                                      manage this
                                                      accelerated
                                                      transformation
                                                      while sticking
                                                      to its
                                                      profitability
                                                      targets.... "
                                                      [Read more](https://www.thenewsmarket.com/news/mercedes-benz-prepares-to-go-all-electric/s/a7c4f248-77fb-4f51-8444-50811d4dc1a3?utm_medium=email&utm_campaign=Daimler%20AG%20-%20MercedesBenz%20prepares%20to%20go%20allelectric&utm_content=Daimler%20AG%20-%20MercedesBenz%20prepares%20to%20go%20allelectric+CID_da497465ad5ce910b8631e76c7d05d2a&utm_source=TNM%20email%20alerts)  Hmmmm...  In a sense, why not??  I
                                                      suspect that
                                                      most MB owners
                                                      have never
                                                      looked under
                                                      the hood,
                                                      checked their
                                                      oil, and in
                                                      New Jersey,
                                                      pumped their
                                                      own gas
                                                      (attendants
                                                      are still
                                                      required by
                                                      law in NJ).
                                                      Certainly few
                                                      ever shifted a
                                                      gear and the
                                                      cars don't
                                                      even prrrrrr
                                                      or
                                                      vroom-vroom.
                                                      Were it not
                                                      for automatic
                                                      transmissions,
                                                      MB may have
                                                      gone EV in the
                                                      60s simply to
                                                      deliver the
                                                      luxury of not
                                                      shifting.
                                                      Given the
                                                      performance of
                                                      EVs v ICEs
                                                      this
                                                      transition
                                                      seems
                                                      inevitable;
                                                      except, ...
                                                      Without the
                                                      oil changes,
                                                      filters,
                                                      tuneups, brake
                                                      jobs
                                                      (regenerative
                                                      braking
                                                      substantially
                                                      increases
                                                      brake life...)
                                                      @ ~$200/hr.
                                                      labor, how are
                                                      the MB dealers
                                                      going to
                                                      survive?  Will
                                                      dealer's shun
                                                      selling EVs,
                                                      ...but
                                                      batteries need
                                                      replacement..
                                                      they'll be
                                                      OK.  Alain

A GLOBAL COMPARISON OF THE LIFE-CYCLE GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS OF COMBUSTION ENGINE AND ELECTRIC PASSENGER CARS

G. Bieker, July, 2021, “As important as it is to reduce the emissions from fuel and electricity production and consumption, such reduction should of course not come at the cost of higher vehicle production emissions. Taking all together, it is therefore important for policymakers to understand which powertrain and fuel technologies are most capable of shrinking the carbon footprint of cars—and not only the emissions from the tailpipes, but also from fuel and electricity production and vehicle manufacturing.

This study is a life-cycle assessment (LCA) of the GHG emissions of passenger cars in China, Europe, India, and the United States, four markets that are home to the majority of global new passenger car sales and reflect much of the variety in the global vehicle market. The study considers the most relevant powertrain types—internal combustion engine vehicles (ICEVs), including hybrid electric vehicles (HEVs); plug-in hybrid electric vehicles (PHEVs); battery electric vehicles (BEVs); and fuel cell electric vehicles (FCEVs)—and a variety of fuel types and power sources including gasoline, diesel, natural gas, biofuels, e-fuels, hydrogen, and electricity. For each region, the analysis is based on average vehicle characteristics across the most representative market segments and considers fuel and electricity consumption in real-world driving conditions. Additionally, based on stated policies, the study estimates how the lifecycle GHG emissions of cars expected to be registered in 2030 compare with vehicles registered today. For both 2021 and 2030 cars, it considers the changing fuel and electricity mixes during the lifetime of the vehicles.

Key results include the following:…” Read more  Hmmmm… OK, but Figure ES.1 suggests that emissions from the production of fuel (gasoline) or electricity is the same for ICE and EV today.  I don’t think that is true. One should be looking at the ability today (and in each year in the future) to what emissions would result from the creation of its fuel.  For ICE it can be what it has been, but not for electricity. The EVs are replacing ICEs so their emission calculation must be relative to the ICE’s. Since we are worried about total emissions, the substitution is what is important.

There is no getting away from it. If we substitute one EV for one ICE, today’s emissions go from All to All-ICE+EV. We know what ICE emissions are and get subtracted. But today’s EV requires the power grid to generate new electricity for it.  Since the grid currently operates to minimize emissions, new energy needs to be generated. What was just turned off to hit today’s sweet spot, must be turned back on to create more. Thus, each incremental EV that is replacing an ICE is actually emmiting what is produced by the best of all of the reserve power sources that were just turned off. That’s what gets turned on.

In some (few) places, Solar production capacity is greater than 100% of the current demand.  Turn them back on and power the EV @  zero emissions. But, for places that throttles coal plants to maintain enough electricity, they need to throttle up. The EV is burning coal.   I don’t see that this analysis included this nuance in 2021, or in 2030, or at any time in the future. Alain

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t get/read the memo)

Sunday Supplement

Half-Baked

Intel’s Mobileye begins testing autonomous vehicles in New York City

A. Hawkins, July 20, “Mobileye, the company that specializes in chips for vision-based autonomous vehicles, is now testing its AVs in New York City — a difficult and rare move given the state’s restrictions around such testing.

                                                      The
                                                      announcement
                                                      was made by
                                                      Amnon Shashua,
                                                      president and
                                                      CEO of the
                                                      Intel-owned
                                                      company, at an
                                                      event in the
                                                      city on
                                                      Tuesday.
                                                      Shashua said
                                                      the company is
                                                      currently
                                                      testing two
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles in
                                                      New York City,
                                                      but plans to
                                                      increase that
                                                      number to
                                                      seven "in the
                                                      next few
                                                      months."....."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2021/7/20/22585338/intel-mobileye-autonomous-vehicle-av-testing-nyc) Hmmmm...Sorry that Intel let you
                                                      do this (or
                                                      are you off
                                                      the
                                                      reservation).
                                                      Hopefully, it
                                                      is your
                                                      advertising
                                                      budget that is
                                                      paying for
                                                      this, because
                                                      buzz is likely
                                                      to be the only
                                                      good that will
                                                      come out of
                                                      this.  It took
                                                      [GM only about](https://www.cnet.com/roadshow/news/gm-self-driving-vehicles-new-york-no-permit-yet/)"12
                                                      seconds" to
                                                      decide that
                                                      this was a bad
                                                      idea.  [Frank Sinatra](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=EEjq8ZoyXuQ) is
                                                      not the way to
                                                      market success
                                                      for AVs.
                                                      First,
                                                      Manhattan is
                                                      unique; so, by
                                                      definition,
                                                      there is
                                                      little to
                                                      learn from
                                                      there that
                                                      useful
                                                      somewhere
                                                      else.  Next,
                                                      there is
                                                      absolutely no
                                                      incremental
                                                      value that
                                                      such cars can
                                                      add to
                                                      Manhattan.
                                                      They aren't
                                                      better than
                                                      Uber/Lyft/Taxi/BlackCar/GreenCar
                                                      for those that
                                                      can afford
                                                      them and
                                                      aren't better
                                                      than walking,
                                                      biking, or the
                                                      subway (which
                                                      operates
                                                      24/7/365) for
                                                      those that
                                                      can't.  And,
                                                      few people
                                                      drive their
                                                      own car in
                                                      Manhattan.  It
                                                      will be a very
                                                      long time
                                                      before these
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      better than
                                                      driving your
                                                      own in
                                                      Manhattan.
                                                      This is all
                                                      about Click
                                                      Bait.  Alain

Click-Bait

More On….

Re-see:    Pop Up Metro USA Intro 09 2020

H. Poser’77, Sept 13, 2020. “Creating Value for Light Density Urban Rail Lines”  . See slidesSee video Hmmmm… Simply Brilliant. Alain

                                                      font-family:
                                                      Georgia,
                                                      serif;">4th[Annual Princeton](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210128)SmartDrivingCar Summit [It is over!!!](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210325)
                                                      Now time to
                                                      actually do
                                                      something in
                                                      the Trentons
                                                      of this
                                                      world.

Making Driverless Happen: The Road Forward (Updated)

                                                      K. Pyle, April
                                                      18, "“It’s
                                                      time to hit
                                                      the start
                                                      button,” is
                                                      [Fred Fishkin’s](https://www.techstination.com/) succinct way of summarizing
                                                      the next steps
                                                      in the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey.
                                                      Fiskin, along
                                                      with the LA
                                                      Times’ [Russ Mitchell](https://twitter.com/russ1mitchell?lang=en) co-produced the final session
                                                      of the [2021 Smart Driving Car Summit, Making It Happen â€" Part 2](https://orfe.princeton.edu/conferences/sdc/session/20210415).
                                                      This 16th and
                                                      final session
                                                      in this
                                                      multi-month
                                                      online
                                                      conference not
                                                      only provided
                                                      a s[ummary of the thought-provoking speakers](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/), but
                                                      also provided
                                                      food for
                                                      thought on a
                                                      way forward to
                                                      bring mobility
                                                      to “the
                                                      Trentons of
                                                      the World.”

                                                      Setting the
                                                      stage for this
                                                      final session,
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      provided
                                                      highlights of
                                                      the Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      journey that
                                                      started in
                                                      late December
                                                      2020.  Safety,
                                                      high-quality,
                                                      and affordable
                                                      mobility,
                                                      particularly
                                                      for those who
                                                      do not have
                                                      many options,
                                                      was a common
                                                      theme to the
                                                      2021 Smart
                                                      Driving Car
                                                      Summit. As
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      the conference
                                                      organizer put
                                                      it,....." [Read more](https://viodi.com/2021/04/18/making-driverless-happen-the-road-forward/)
                                                      Hmmmm.... We
                                                      had another
                                                      excellent
                                                      Session.
                                                      Thank you for
                                                      the summary,
                                                      Ken!  Alain

Ken Pyle’s Session Summaries of 4th Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit:

15th Session    Making it Happen - Part One: Elected Officials’ Role in Creating a Welcoming Environment in the Trentons of this World

14th Session    What Will Power Safely-driven Cars

13th Session    Improving the Moving of Goods

12th Session    3/18/21 Human-centered Design of Safe and Affordable Driverless Mobility

11th Session    3/11/21 Incentivizing Through Regulation

10th Session    3/04/21 Incentivizing Through Insurance

9th Session    2/25/21  Can Level 3 be Delivered?

8th Session    2/18/21  Who Will Build, Sell and Maintain Driverless Cars?

                                                      [Michael Sena's Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/yfzscinfy41vrka/Sena_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0), [Glenn Mercer Slides](https://www.dropbox.com/s/8x4sd97vrifa9r9/Mercer_Session8%20SDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0)

7th Session    2/11/21  Finally Doing It

6th Session    2/ 4/21   Safe Enough in the Operational Design Domain

5th Session    1/28/21 At the Tipping Point

4th Session    1/21/21 Why Customers are Buying Them

3rd Session    1/14/21 The SmartDrivingCars We Can Buy Today

2nd Session1/ 7/21  A Look into the Future1st Session:12/17/20Setting the Stage

Kornhauser & He, April 2021“Making it Happen: A Proposal for Providing Affordable, High-quality, On-demand Mobility for All in the “Trentons” of this World”

Orf467F20_FinalReport “Analyzing Ride-Share Potential and Empty Repositioning Requirements of a Nationwide aTaxi System” Kornhauser & He, March 2021 “AV 101 + Trenton Affordable HQ Mobility Initiative”

###

Calendar of Upcoming

                                                      Events

5th Annual Princeton SmartDrivingCar Summit

Fall 2021 Live in Person Tentaively: November 2 (evening) -> 4, 2021

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

K. Lockean’s AV Research Group at U of Texas

and

                                                      [The SYMPOSIUM ON THE FUTURE NETWORKED CAR 2021 VIRTUAL EVENT](https://www.itu.int/en/fnc/2021/Pages/default.aspx)

 R. Shields, 22 - 25 March, “Recordings from the conference:

Session 1 plus opening: (Regulatory): https://youtu.be/UcDC8gXiUFk

                                                      Session 2: ([Cybersecurity](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)):
                                                      [https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY](https://youtu.be/ppp2hxlvebY)

                                                      Session 3: [(Automated Driving Systems](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)):
                                                      [https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc](https://youtu.be/uL2dRHuX2Cc)

                                                      Session 4: [(Communications for ADS](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)) :
                                                      [https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=IFQcL6yfBso)

Read more Hmmmm… Russ, thank you for sharing! Alain

###

These editions re sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information head to www.motoetf.com

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 223, Zoom-Cast Episode 223 w/Richard Mudge, Compass Transp.  & Baruch Feigenbaum, Reason Foundation

###

F. Fishkin, July 15, “Can Tesla (and others) make automatic emergency braking work? Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser continues his push and is joined by the Reason Foundation’s Baruch Feigenbaum and Compass Transportation & Technology President Dick Mudge along with co-host Fred Fishkin to explore this week’ss Transportation Research Board sessions. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 222, Zoom-Cast Episode 222

F. Fishkin, July 11, “Is it time for autopilot to not break the law? Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser says yes.  And if technology can save lives, prevent injuries and crashes…shouldn’t it?  Plus Richard Branson, Jeff Bezos, Waymo, VW and more on Episode 222 of Smart Driving Cars with co-host Fred Fishkin. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 221, Zoom-Cast Episode 221   w/Mark Rosekind, Chief Safety Innovation Officer, Zoox

F. Fishkin, July 1, “With Zoox…the Amazon owned autonomous mobility company out with a comprehensive safety report.. Chief Safety Innovation Officer Dr. Mark Rosekind joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What is so different about the Zoox approach to building a vehicle and safety?   What is the company’s vision for future mobility and transportation. Dr. Rosekind fills us in on those issues and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 220, Zoom-Cast Episode 220   w/John Thornhill, Innovation Editor, Financial Times

F. Fishkin, July 1, “Sociology not technology will decide the electric car race. That’s a Financial Times headline from a piece written by Innovation Editor John Thornhill…who joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a lively discussion on that…plus Tesla…autonomous mobility and more.   John is also the founder of Sifted.eu.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 219, Zoom-Cast Episode 219   w/Michael Sena, Editor, The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, June 29 , “Why couldn’t a smart driving car prevent Alain’s crash with a deer? How important is exact location for highly automated driving?   And NHTSA wants reports on all automated vehicle system crashes.  The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 218, Zoom-Cast Episode 218   w/Xinfeng Le, Waymo Product Manager

F. Fishkin, June 10 , “Have questions about Waymo’s partnership with JB Hunt to test autonomous trucks in Texas?  So do we…and Waymo’s Product Manager, Xinfeng Le joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin to provide answers. Plus.. Waymo raises 2 and a half billion dollars, MacKenzie Scott gives away billions, start-up Waabi comes out of stealth, Argo AI plans an IPO and more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 217, Zoom-Cast Episode 217

                                                      w/Christorpher
                                                      Mims,
                                                      Columnist,
                                                      Wall Street
                                                      Journal

F. Fishkin, June 7 , “Are self-driving cars still decades ahead?  Wall Street Jopurnal columnist and author Christopher Mims joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at the progress and roadblocks. Plus the latest on Tesla, Cruise, the dramatic rise in road deaths during Covid and more. “

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 216, Zoom-Cast Episode 216   w/Michael Sena, editor The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, May 28 , “The Future of Mobility is Slowly Coming Into Focus. That’s on top in the June edition of The Dispatcher. From Sweden, publisher Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus better batteries, May Mobility, Tesla and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 215, Zoom-Cast Episode 215   w/Cade Metz, Correspondent, NY Times & Ken Pyle, editor, Viodi.com

F. Fishkin, May 27 , “The Costly Pursuit of Self Driving Cars Continues On and On and On.  That’s the headline of a NY Times story this week.  The reporter, Cade Metz, also the author of a new book on artificial intelligence, joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser, co-host Fred Fishkin and guest Ken Pyle of Viodi View..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 214, Zoom-Cast Episode 214

F. Fishkin, May 23 , “An interview with the chief engineer behind Ford’s F150 Lightning EV truck…Waymo shares rider stories and the AFL-CIO tells Congress autonomous vehicles should be required to have human operators. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for those stories and more.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 213, Zoom-Cast Episode 213 w/Robbie Diamond; Founder, Securing America’s Future Energy

F. Fishkin, May 14 , “The autonomous mobility competition with China. What will it take to succeed? Securing America’s Future Energy founder Robbie Diamond dives in with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus the latest on #AutoX, #Tesla,  #GM, #TuSimple and more. Remember to subscribe! And check out this SAFE panel discussion too.  “..

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 212, Zoom-Cast Episode 212 w/Ken Pyle

F. Fishkin, May 8 , “Where does Waymo go from here?   Is GM really going to market personal autonomous vehicles? Viodi View managing editor Ken Pyle joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at those issues plus Volkswagen, Tesla, Argo and more.

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 211, Zoom-Cast Episode 211 w/ Michael Sena, Editor of The Dispatcher

F. Fishkin, May 1 , “There’s plenty of combustion around the issue of banning internal combustion engines (ICE). Consultant and The Dispatcher publisher Michael Sena joins us for a look at what makes sense…and what doesn’t. Plus #Tesla, #Toyota, #Volkswagen, #Baidu and progress in Florida. …”

 SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 210, Zoom-Cast Episode 210 w/Ken Pyle & Louis Aaron’23

F. Fishkin, April 26 , “Passengers at the Las Vegas Convention Center are about to get their first taste of the new underground mobility service from #Elon​ Musk’s The Boring Company. Princeton student Louis Aaron has been working there and he joins Viodi View Managing Editor Ken Pyle, Princeton’s Alain ..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 209, Zoom-Cast Episode 209 w/Clifford Winston, Brookings Inst.

F. Fishkin, April , “The Texas #Tesla crash that killed two continues to make headlines. The impact on the electric and automated vehicle industries? From the Brookings Institution, senior fellow Clifford Winston joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at what the real focus should be on..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 208, Zoom-Cast Episode 208 w/Prof. Stephen Still, U. of Buffalo

F. Fishkin, April 18, “What does it take to bring about mobility for all in the real world? With help from the federal DOT and a team at the University of Buffalo…some big steps are being taken there. Professor Stephen Still joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that…plus, Tesla, Uber, Cruise and more on Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 207, Zoom-Cast Episode 207 w/Selika Josiah Talbott

F. Fishkin, April 10 , “When a driverless vehicle crashes…what should passengers, other vehicle owners, law enforcement and first responders do? American University Professor Selika Josiah Talbott says the time for planning is now. She joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Apple and more in the latest Smart Driving Cars.”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 206, Zoom-Cast Episode 206 w/Stan Young, National Renewable Energy Laboratory

F. Fishkin, April 2, “When it comes to future mobility, what will fuel the vehicles? How can the shortcomings of electric vehicles be overcome? Stanley Young, Mobility Systems team lead for the National Renewable Energy Laboratory joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser & co-host Fred Fishkin…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 205, Zoom-Cast Episode 205 w/Michael Sena; Editor The Dispatcher. President, MLSena Consulting

F. Fishkin, March 26, “Every driverless car should take the same tests that we take..and have the same responsibilities. So says Michael L. Sena in the latest edition of The Dispatcher. He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the latest from Tesla and more…on Episode 205 of Smart Driving Cars…”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 204, Zoom-Cast Episode 204 w/Andrew Rose, President, OnStar Insurance Services

F. Fishkin, March 15, “.With GM aiming to upend the car insurance industry, the President of the automaker’s new OnStar Insurance Services, Andrew Rose joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. What advantages will OnStar insurance bring to the table…and a look at the future of auto insurance..”

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 203, Zoom-Cast Episode 203 AV 101: A. Kornhauser

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 13,
                                                      ".GM's move to
                                                      transform auto
                                                      insurance
                                                      through OnStar
                                                      Insurance:
                                                      Is it a win,
                                                      win for
                                                      all?      Is
                                                      adaptive
                                                      cruise control
                                                      prompting some
                                                      drivers to
                                                      speed?     And
                                                      what does
                                                      Tesla really
                                                      mean by "full
                                                      self
                                                      driving"?
                                                      Just some of
                                                      the questions
                                                      tackled  in
                                                      the latest
                                                      edition of
                                                      Smart Driving
                                                      Cars with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin."
                                                      [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 202](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-202), [Zoom-Cast Episode 202](https://youtu.be/Hj3GmnTqfdk) President
                                                      & CEO,
                                                      RoadDB

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      March 3, "When
                                                      will we be
                                                      able to
                                                      purchase cars
                                                      that can
                                                      largely drive
                                                      themselves?
                                                      It may not be
                                                      long...but
                                                      don't expect
                                                      to vacate the
                                                      driver's
                                                      seat.  That's
                                                      the view of
                                                      entrepreneur,
                                                      tech pioneer
                                                      and RoadDB CEO
                                                      Russ
                                                      Shields.   He
                                                      takes an in
                                                      depth look at
                                                      where we are
                                                      and where
                                                      we're headed
                                                      with
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      & co-host
                                                      Fred Fishkin." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 201](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-201), [Zoom-Cast Episode 201](https://youtu.be/n5oEfvBrWa8)
                                                      w/Michael
                                                      Sena,
                                                      Publisher of The
                                                      Dispatcher

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 26,
                                                      "Smarter cars
                                                      need smarter
                                                      assembly...and
                                                      location
                                                      matters.   The
                                                      Dispatcher
                                                      publisher
                                                      Michael Sena
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for a
                                                      look at that,
                                                      politics,
                                                      climate and
                                                      carmakers...plus
                                                      Tesla,
                                                      Velodyne,
                                                      Foxconn and
                                                      more.." [SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 200](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-200), [Zoom-Cast Episode 200](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=iVHQuwNT4eY&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      w/Edwin Olsen,
                                                      CEO, May
                                                      Mobility

###

###

                                                      F. Fishkin,
                                                      Feb. 22, "How
                                                      May Mobility
                                                      is building
                                                      confidence in
                                                      autonomous
                                                      transportation
                                                      and creating a
                                                      road map for
                                                      growth through
                                                      the pandemic
                                                      and beyond.
                                                      CEO and
                                                      co-founder
                                                      Edwin Olson
                                                      joins
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser and
                                                      co-host Fred
                                                      Fishkin for
                                                      that and
                                                      more."

Link to previous SDC PodCasts & ZoomCasts

Recent Highlights of:

                                                      51, 255);">

###

                                                      July 17, 2021

                                                      [2021 TRB Annual Automated Road Transportation Symposium](http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/181880.aspx) July 12
                                                      -> 15,
                                                      "..."  [Read more](http://www.trb.org/Main/Blurbs/181880.aspx)  Hmmmm...I haven't been able to
                                                      find a public
                                                      source for any
                                                      of the content
                                                      from the
                                                      symposium but
                                                      there were at
                                                      least three
                                                      sessions (of
                                                      the few that I
                                                      was able to
                                                      attend) that
                                                      were really
                                                      good.  One was
                                                      [B-101- An inside Look at Policy-Making for Automated Vehicles](https://trb-arts.secure-platform.com/a/solicitations/73/sessiongallery/899),
                                                      moderated by
                                                      Baruch
                                                      Feigenbaum of
                                                      the Reason
                                                      Foundation.
                                                      Pay particular
                                                      attention to
                                                      the insights
                                                      offered by
                                                      Kevin Biesty
                                                      of Arizona
                                                      DoT.  So far,
                                                      no one in the
                                                      world has done
                                                      it better.

A second one was B204-Inclusive by Design: Creating an Equitable and Accessible Automated Future, moderated by Charlotte Frei.

The third was Richard Mudge’s B402- Shark Tank: Everything from Free Freight to AV for Low-Income Travelers to how many AV Firms will Survive?. (Spoil alert… the answer is . Selika Talbot’s presentation was absolutely fantastic. See PodCast/ZoomCast below for a discussion of parts of this session. Fred and I hope to do PodCasts/ZoomCasts with Selika and Kevin in the coming week.

Hopefully TRB will broadly distribute the recorded videos of these and the other sessions.  One caution is that even in this community there is substantial confusion introduced over terminology which ends up having people talk by rather than with each other.  This was an “Automated Road Transportation” symposium. One aspect of road transportation is the fundamental role of the human driver. It is very different than that of elevators that go from A to B without any direct human driver/operator intervention.  The customer only tells the elevator what floor to go to. Everything else in the up/down mobility process is automated within the elevator’s Operational Design Domain (which is usually in a shaft, stooping only at designated stopping locations (floors) with centimeter accuracy but only when when sufficient power exists to perform the various operations. (Note: “Level 5 elevators” (operate under any power-available condition) will “never” exist.).  It is easy for us to see the phenomenal difference in the societal value that can be achieved in elevators that deliver safe, shared-ride, on-demand 24/7 mobility, indiscriminately to essentially everyone. Unfortunately, precious little of that broad societal value can be achieved unless the elevator’s safe operation can be achieved without a human operator/driver.

This is a bang-bang situation.  Either you have it or you don’t. Coming close doesn’t cut it.

It doesn’t mean that human operated elevators don’t deliver value to individual owners.  My neighbor across the street has a dumbwaiter in her house that she and her husband control manually to move things including themselves up and down in their house. Works great. Real value. They both remain capable of performing the manual operations for themselves and if they charge themselves for the labor, they gain that charge so the transaction nets to zero labor cost. charge themselves . While some benefits (comfort & convenience) might be gained by them by automating some of the operating functions, full automation would be silly unless at least some number of neighbors would improve their quality-of-life if only they could easily go up and down in their house.  That latent demand for improved quality-of-life does exist in tall buildings. It’s been consumed in a large part because elevators became operatorless and not just operator assisted. Shared and not quite door2door shortcomings are endured. 24/7, on-demand, affordable (especially for the rent payer on the “14th” floor. So much so that they just pick up the tab for the elevators that deliver accessibility to/from the “14th floor”) are the fundamental mobility attributes that totally dominate the competition for mobility afforded by the stairwell. Without the elimination of the operator/driver, the 24/7, on-demand, affordable trifecta is not deliverable to anybody.

Way too often during the Symposium automation that explicitly requires the continued presence of a driver and is only at best a comfort & convenience feature  as ascribed benefits that accrue only for systems that achieve safe driverless operation. There is no getting away from it, automation that assist drivers is radically different than automation that replaces drivers. Hopefully next year we can have 2 AV conferences. One that focuses on automation to assist human drivers and one that focuses on technology and deployments that replaces the driver.

As far as connectivity goes, we need to realize that it is a nice2have, not a need2have. Since it can only deliver value among pairs of adopters, it struggles getting started by itself when it needs to find a partner. Unfortunately, road vehicles have performed well for more than 100 years without much connectivity and automation at this point is saying: you aren’t much help and we can’t afford to carry you along.  Alain July 11, 2021

                                                      [Tesla Says Autopilot Makes Its Cars Safer. Crash Victims Say It Kills.](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/07/05/business/tesla-autopilot-lawsuits-safety.html) Neal
                                                      Boudette, July
                                                      5, " Benjamin
                                                      Maldonado and
                                                      his teenage
                                                      son were
                                                      driving back
                                                      from a soccer
                                                      tournament on
                                                      a California
                                                      freeway in
                                                      August 2019
                                                      when a truck
                                                      in front of
                                                      them slowed.
                                                      Mr. Maldonado
                                                      flicked his
                                                      turn signal
                                                      and moved
                                                      right. Within
                                                      seconds, his
                                                      Ford Explorer
                                                      pickup was hit
                                                      by a Tesla
                                                      Model 3 that
                                                      was traveling
                                                      about 60 miles
                                                      per hour on
                                                      Autopilot.

A six-second video captured by the Tesla and data it recorded show that neither Autopilot — Tesla’s much-vaunted system that can steer, brake and accelerate a car on its own — nor the driver slowed the vehicle until a fraction of a second before the crash…” Read more  Hmmmm… A few comments here: 1. Because of the suit here, hopefully more of the data associated with this crash will be made public. Future crashes such as  these seem to be covered by the recent NHTSA standing General Order requiring the data to be released without need of lawyers, assuming Tesla cooperates. 2. Neal (slightly) overstate his plot which clearly shows the Tesla began to decelerate slightly more than a full second before impact. He also doesn’t mention what the video clearly shows that the Tesla was “cut-off” by the pickup truck.  More over the pickup applied its brakes as it was making the lane change (brake light came on).  This brake application may well have been the critical element that made the crash unavoidable. AutoPilot was likely tacking the pickup from at least the 6 seconds before collision point.  Tesla must have data on the relative longitudinal speed between the pickup and the Tesla.and it must also have an expected time-to-collision which is a critical measure as to when to kick in the Automated Emergency Braking System. Once again, my main concern here is not (yet) about the performance of AutoPilot, but the performance of Tesla’s Automated Emergency Braking System (AEBS).  This is a rear-end crash.  It is the responsibility of the AEBS to avert these crashes. Seems as if the AEBS did NOT properly anticipate the pick-up’s maneuver nor properly monitor time-to-collision. My recommendation here is to improve the AEBS.

3. Comments implying that radar would have been better at identifying the ‘cut-off’ are questionable. Lane intrusion is only partial until about 3 seconds before impact. Radar does not return lateral relative-speed, only longitudinal relative-speed.  Who knows what lag exists in determining lateral speed and the accuracy of that determination. I doubt that either are very good web based on radar.  My guess is that image processing at better than 20Hz would do best in this clear situation.

4. Interpretation of the turn signal can only be done with image processing (to my knowledge.)

5. Nothing is reported about any horn actuation (or if autoPilot even uses the horn). The brake application by the pickup may have been an impulsive response to a horn blow by the Tesla.

6. There seems to be no indication by the driver of the pick-up that he saw the Tesla coming.

7. The Tesla data likely also has its closing speed on the panel truck and thus the closing speed of the pick-up to the panel truck. This information may help us to begin to understand the extent to which the pickup was tailgating the panel truck. 8. To me, AutoPilot’s main issue is: should it allow “passing on the right” when “passing on the right” is illegal.  The reason it is illegal is because it leads to crashes like this one, that is an issue that should be taken up by NHTSA and NTSB.  To what extent should any of these automated driving devices engage in “illegal” driving?  My current view (subject to change) is:

                                                      a. Up to 9 mph
                                                      over is OK.

                                                      b.  Rolling
                                                      through a stop
                                                      sign is OK, if
                                                      it is
                                                      determined
                                                      that time to
                                                      any likely
                                                      collision is
                                                      greater than 5
                                                      seconds
                                                      (meaning you
                                                      must be able
                                                      to "see" at
                                                      least 5
                                                      seconds away
                                                      at speed limit
                                                      +9 (or
                                                      something
                                                      similar)

                                                        c.   Cross
                                                      double line as
                                                      long  as
                                                      oncoming
                                                      traffic has
                                                      slowed to
                                                      under 25 mph
                                                      and has room
                                                      to proceed by
                                                      squeezing
                                                      right (or
                                                      something like
                                                      that).

                                                      d.   Pass on
                                                      the right as
                                                      long as all
                                                      pertinent
                                                      vehicles in
                                                      the two lanes
                                                      are moving at
                                                      less than 25
                                                      mph (or
                                                      something like
                                                      that).

Alain

                                                      July 2, 2021

                                                      [Sociology not technology will decide the electric car race](https://www.ft.com/content/fa585fe6-3c69-4e12-b3bb-d48560fbdbb2)
                                                      J. Thornhill,
                                                      June 24,
                                                      "Brimming with
                                                      epic successes
                                                      and
                                                      spectacular
                                                      failures, the
                                                      early history
                                                      of the motor
                                                      car industry
                                                      offers clues
                                                      about its
                                                      future, too.
                                                      As so often
                                                      during
                                                      technological
                                                      revolutions,
                                                      initial bursts
                                                      of fast and
                                                      furious
                                                      experimentation
                                                      by wild-eyed
                                                      pioneers are
                                                      followed by
                                                      waves of
                                                      industry
                                                      consolidation
                                                      by more sober
                                                      corporate
                                                      types.

                                                      So it was in
                                                      the US from
                                                      the 1890s,
                                                      when scores of
                                                      obsessive
                                                      entrepreneurs
                                                      launched the
                                                      modern auto
                                                      industry. Over
                                                      the next few
                                                      decades they
                                                      founded
                                                      hundreds of
                                                      companies
                                                      manufacturing
                                                      thousands of
                                                      different
                                                      models. In the
                                                      words of one
                                                      historian,
                                                      these
                                                      dedicated
                                                      enthusiasts
                                                      competed in a
                                                      "drastically
                                                      Darwinian"
                                                      world and
                                                      seemed to
                                                      prefer "to go
                                                      broke making
                                                      automobiles
                                                      than get rich
                                                      doing anything
                                                      else", a tune
                                                      which
                                                      resonates
                                                      again today.

                                                      But the
                                                      development of capital-intensive mass manufacturing methods, the Great Depression and
                                                      the second
                                                      world war
                                                      thinned out
                                                      the
                                                      competition.
                                                      By 1950, the
                                                      industry was
                                                      dominated by
                                                      just three
                                                      giant
                                                      corporations:
                                                      General
                                                      Motors, Ford
                                                      and Chrysler,
                                                      which between
                                                      them accounted
                                                      for about
                                                      three-quarters
                                                      of global
                                                      production.

                                                      Today, the car
                                                      industry is
                                                      opening up
                                                      once again to
                                                      new entrants
                                                      amid another
                                                      technological
                                                      convulsion as
                                                      electric and
                                                      connected
                                                      vehicles — and
                                                      maybe
                                                      eventually
                                                      autonomous
                                                      cars — replace
                                                      combustion
                                                      engine motors
                                                      driven by
                                                      humans. As
                                                      this
                                                      revolution
                                                      unfolds, we
                                                      are seeing
                                                      another burst
                                                      of creative
                                                      competition as entrepreneurial start-ups and tech companies flood into the market. ...

                                                      The industry's
                                                      dream is to
                                                      create an
                                                      attractive and
                                                      reliable
                                                      $25,000
                                                      electric car
                                                      that overcomes
                                                      range anxiety.
                                                      As Alain
                                                      Kornhauser, a
                                                      professor at
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University,
                                                      says, the
                                                      winners will
                                                      be those who
                                                      can build cars
                                                      that appeal to
                                                      everyday
                                                      drivers as
                                                      well as the
                                                      "greasers and
                                                      truckers".
                                                      "It's all
                                                      about the
                                                      sociology, not
                                                      the
                                                      technology,"
                                                      he adds.

                                                      In other
                                                      words, it will
                                                      be, as it has
                                                      always been
                                                      throughout
                                                      history, the
                                                      customer who
                                                      decides."  [Read more](https://www.ft.com/content/fa585fe6-3c69-4e12-b3bb-d48560fbdbb2)  Hmmmm... Same for Driverless AVs.
                                                      Alain
                                                      June 28, 2021

                                                      [How Important is Exact Localization for HAD?](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e8ql7q722zxqb13/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena,
                                                      July/Aug. '21,
                                                      "[In this issue of The Dispatcher for July and August](http://www.michaellsena.com/wp-content/uploads/2021/06/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf), I
                                                      have taken up
                                                      a subject in
                                                      the lead
                                                      article that
                                                      has been on my
                                                      list for quite
                                                      some time. It
                                                      is of how cars
                                                      that drive
                                                      themselves
                                                      keep
                                                      themselves on
                                                      the road while
                                                      they make
                                                      their journey
                                                      to their
                                                      destination.
                                                      It turns out
                                                      that there is
                                                      a very good
                                                      reason why
                                                      Teslas crash
                                                      and Waymo is
                                                      running around
                                                      only in
                                                      Chandler,
                                                      Arizona after
                                                      people who
                                                      didn't know
                                                      better
                                                      promised that
                                                      there would be
                                                      completely
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars on all
                                                      roads a decade
                                                      ago:
                                                      localization
                                                      of a moving
                                                      vehicle is
                                                      very, very
                                                      hard, even for
                                                      a human.

                                                      I encourage
                                                      you to read
                                                      Musings this
                                                      month. It's
                                                      about making
                                                      the journey to
                                                      a world
                                                      without
                                                      climate change
                                                      protests, a
                                                      world where
                                                      they either
                                                      won't be
                                                      necessary or
                                                      allowed. On
                                                      most journeys,
                                                      we have to
                                                      cross bridges.
                                                      Sometimes we
                                                      have to make
                                                      them
                                                      ourselves.
                                                      Think of the
                                                      article as the
                                                      first bridge
                                                      to cross
                                                      toward a
                                                      better
                                                      understanding
                                                      of the climate
                                                      change
                                                      journey.

                                                      Dispatch
                                                      Central
                                                      contains, as
                                                      usual,
                                                      something for
                                                      everyone.
                                                      Insurance is
                                                      addressed in
                                                      the two main
                                                      articles. In
                                                      Bits and
                                                      Pieces I have
                                                      added my
                                                      thoughts on
                                                      recent events.

                                                      This is a
                                                      double issue,
                                                      in part
                                                      because we are
                                                      going to try
                                                      to do more
                                                      this summer
                                                      than we could
                                                      do last. But
                                                      it's also
                                                      because I need
                                                      some extra
                                                      time to work
                                                      on a follow-up
                                                      to the
                                                      Princeton
                                                      SmartDrivingCars
                                                      Summit with
                                                      Professor
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser.
                                                      There was a
                                                      concrete
                                                      proposal put
                                                      forward by
                                                      Professor
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      during the
                                                      last session,
                                                      and many of us
                                                      who took part
                                                      in the Summit
                                                      have committed
                                                      to try to work
                                                      on
                                                      implementing
                                                      that proposal.
                                                      [Read more](https://www.dropbox.com/s/e8ql7q722zxqb13/The-Dispatcher_July-2021.pdf?dl=0)  Hmmmm... .   Once again an
                                                      outstanding The
                                                      Dispatcher.
                                                      I happen to
                                                      have a diffent
                                                      fundamental
                                                      view on"exact
                                                      localization"
                                                      than Michael,
                                                      many and
                                                      possibly even
                                                      everyone
                                                      else...  As
                                                      usual, I'll
                                                      take a very
                                                      self-centered
                                                      view...  I've
                                                      lived my whole
                                                      life without
                                                      knowing (or
                                                      caring to
                                                      know) my
                                                      "exact
                                                      location".
                                                      I've been
                                                      satisfied to
                                                      know: "sort
                                                      of... where am
                                                      I?" but
                                                      exact...where
                                                      am I? ... not
                                                      so much.
                                                      What  troubles
                                                      me about the
                                                      "exact where
                                                      am I" is that
                                                      this exactness
                                                      is in some
                                                      coordinate
                                                      system.  Where
                                                      is the origin
                                                      of that
                                                      coordinate
                                                      system and is
                                                      moving?  Oh,
                                                      it's the
                                                      "center" of
                                                      the earth??
                                                      Or some
                                                      "reference
                                                      point".  So
                                                      "exact" is
                                                      actually,
                                                      "exact
                                                      relative to
                                                      some reference
                                                      point.  Little
                                                      seems to ever
                                                      be said about
                                                      the
                                                      "exactness" of
                                                      the reference
                                                      point, but
                                                      that may
                                                      actually be
                                                      some saving
                                                      grace about
                                                      "exact".. it
                                                      is "exact"
                                                      relative to
                                                      some reference
                                                      point.

I see..  If the reference point is the center of the Universe, then I’d better be really-really precise; else, small small changes mean big-big differences. If the reference is the center of the earth, then I may just need to be really precise; else, small changes mean big differences. However, if the reference point is my nose and I’m trying to stay between two white lines and not hit anything, then the precision to which I need to know where things are may not need to be very precise as long as I have a little bit of leeway and still stay between the lines and leave enough room around the various objects to not hit them.

OK, safe driving requires only knowing where I am relative to objects around me to a moderate level of precision. I can do it in two ways… take the difference between two values: location of object and my location. The farther away the reference point, the more precise they will need to be if precision of the difference is to be maintained. Consequently, if the measurements are relative to my nose, the need for about as small as it can get.

Moreover, any precision data base lacks some “most” important values.. 1.  a precise value for my location and 2. a precise value for anything around me that moves (meaning it wasn’t at its current location when the HD database was assembled). Required is the ability in real time to locate and track objects relative to me (my nose, the hood ornament of my car, ..) with only some precision These objects and their location aren’t included in these precise/HD databases. What is needed is a very reliable means of identifying objects and determining their position and velocity with little latency. This is absolutely necessary;uyr;y necessary for the moving objects, might as well do it also for the stationary objects.  😁 Alain

Please don’t suggest that one needs an HD map database in order to run their SLAM (Simultaneous Localization And Mapping) algorithm. That algorithm needs as input the relative position (sensor observations) of objects . The capability to determine those inputs is all that is needed to do collision avoidance, so don’t even bother going through the SLAM computation and certainly don’t pay for a reference data set.

Are self-driving cars safe? Highway regulator orders industry to cough up the data

                                                      R. Mitchell,
                                                      June 29,
                                                      "After years
                                                      of inaction,
                                                      the federal
                                                      government
                                                      will begin
                                                      collecting
                                                      crash data on
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles.

                                                      The National
                                                      Highway
                                                      Traffic Safety
                                                      Administration
                                                      on Tuesday
                                                      ordered dozens
                                                      of car, truck
                                                      and technology
                                                      companies to
                                                      inform the
                                                      agency of a
                                                      serious crash
                                                      within a day
                                                      of learning
                                                      about it, with
                                                      a more
                                                      complete data
                                                      report due
                                                      after 10 days.

                                                      The order will
                                                      enable NHTSA
                                                      to "collect
                                                      information
                                                      necessary for
                                                      the agency to
                                                      play its role
                                                      in keeping
                                                      Americans safe
                                                      on the
                                                      roadways, even
                                                      as the
                                                      technology
                                                      deployed on
                                                      the nation's
                                                      roads
                                                      continues to
                                                      evolve," the
                                                      agency said.

                                                      The order
                                                      applies to
                                                      highly
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles,
                                                      including
                                                      robotic cars
                                                      that don't
                                                      require a
                                                      human driver,
                                                      as well as
                                                      partially
                                                      automated
                                                      systems such
                                                      as Tesla's
                                                      Autopilot and
                                                      General
                                                      Motors' Super
                                                      Cruise with
                                                      advanced
                                                      cruise control
                                                      and automatic
                                                      steering.

                                                      It immediately
                                                      affects the
                                                      partially
                                                      automated
                                                      so-called
                                                      Level 2
                                                      systems
                                                      increasingly
                                                      common on new
                                                      vehicles from
                                                      most major
                                                      manufacturers.
                                                      The number of
                                                      fully robotic
                                                      cars and
                                                      trucks now
                                                      deployed on
                                                      public roads
                                                      is tiny, but
                                                      the market is
                                                      expected to
                                                      grow
                                                      dramatically
                                                      in coming
                                                      years.

                                                      Manufacturers
                                                      tout the
                                                      safety and
                                                      convenience of
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicles, but
                                                      scant useful
                                                      data have been
                                                      collected to
                                                      demonstrate
                                                      how safe they
                                                      are.

                                                      "This is very
                                                      important.
                                                      It's
                                                      fantastic. And
                                                      it's about
                                                      time," said
                                                      Alain
                                                      Kornhauser,
                                                      who heads the
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle
                                                      engineering
                                                      program at
                                                      Princeton
                                                      University.
                                                      "Safety should
                                                      not be a
                                                      competition.
                                                      It's a
                                                      cooperation."...

                                                      "Nobody should
                                                      push back on
                                                      this,"
                                                      Princeton's
                                                      Kornhauser
                                                      said. "We
                                                      don't know
                                                      what we don't
                                                      know, we don't
                                                      know what
                                                      works and
                                                      doesn't work,
                                                      and this
                                                      allows us to
                                                      begin to know
                                                      that."..."  [Read more](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2021-06-29/nhtsa-adas-crash-data) Hmmmm... I couldn't have said it
                                                      better myself.
                                                      😁 Alain

Self-Driving Cars Could Be Decades Away, No Matter What Elon Musk Said

C. Mims, June 5, “…” Read more  Hmmmm… Not to be defensive, but I will be…

“In 2015, Elon Musk said self-driving cars that could drive “anywhere” would be here within two or three years.” … According to my definition, from day-one (>9 years ago), of my 3 (very) different types of SmartDrivingCars:

  • Safe-driving Cars (Automation of Collision Avoidance on cars that we drive all the time. Societal benefit is improved Safety),

  • Self-Driving Cars (Automation of Steering and Braking functions some of the time, in some places, but always requiring driver supervision. Societal benefit is Comfort & Convenience (and NOT any substantive Safety improvements), and

  • Driverless Cars able to go from some origins to some destinations at some times without a driver or attendant on board. Societal benefit is delivering affordable high-quality mobility for almost anyone (and some/many things), from those origin-destination-time combinations. (period! Again, safety is a floor, not a substantive value proposition.)

Elon delivers, every day, “self-driving Tesla” with his autoPilot and FSD features.  They deliver very good “Comfort & Convenience” to Tesla owners as long as the driver continues to do their part… always supervise the Tesla’s automation. Cadillac also does it with its SuperCruise, Subaru with its EyeSight, Mercedes with its 997 package, and …

Automakers, Mad Men and modern day commercials seem to make it a habit to oversell and over promise. I admit, Elon may well be at the asymptotic limit of that distribution, but everyone knows that he’s way out there.   We consider him entertainment, just as we consider all the money we loose on Fan Duel and in Vegas to be an entertainment expense.  Caveat emptor

In 2016, Lyft CEO John Zimmer predicted they would “all but end” car ownership by 2025.

… Hopefully by then, that thought will be in at least some minds. Putting some blemish on what the  Mad Men created as an absolute human desire would be a substantial achievement….

In 2018, Waymo CEO John Krafcik warned autonomous robocars would take longer than expected.

… Nothing wrong here…

In 2021, some experts aren’t sure when, if ever, individuals will be able to purchase steering-wheel-free cars that drive themselves off the lot….”

… From the beginning and continue today I argue that there is no market in the personal ownership of Driverless Cars.  Why own it???  I can’t even drive it!!!  Just to sit in my driveway??? I’m going to make it a business??? I’ll be the smallest businessman in the world, bearing on my shoulders the highest form of personal responsibility, the life & safety of my customer.  NOT GONNA HAPPEN!!!

Also… please, not everyone promised anything.  And I haven’t even mentioned Steve Schladover who has been stalwart in his efforts to advance this technology in a realistic context.

The Society of Automotive Engineers had, and continue to have, an opportunity to bring realism to this community by, at the very least, simply dropping any reference to anything called “Level 5”.  If SAE wishes to be humble and brave, they can also apologize for even suggesting that Level 5’s “everywhere” could ever exist within the lifetimes of any current or soon to be member of SAE. By creating the category, SAE baited the Mad Men, Sunday Supplementers and Click-Bait folks into fantasizing something envisioned by a reputable, serious organization.

SAE, please edit your “Levels literature” by “whiting out” all reference to “Level 5” or adding after any Level 5 “NA”. While you’re at it, do it also for “Level 3” because that’s also a non-starter. Alain May 29, 2021

                                                      [The Future of Mobility is Slowly Coming into Focus](https://www.dropbox.com/s/bpeklrq3sgutu1l/The-Dispatcher_June-2021.pdf?dl=0) M.
                                                      Sena, June
                                                      2021,
                                                      "...Mobility-as-a-service
                                                      would provide
                                                      the business
                                                      model to tie
                                                      everything
                                                      together,
                                                      perhaps as an
                                                      extension of
                                                      your
                                                      phone/broadband
                                                      subscription.
                                                      Private car
                                                      ownership
                                                      would soon be
                                                      a relic of a
                                                      bygone age.

This is an interesting narrative, but is not a correct one. Even before COVID-19 changed how people have been living outside of China since Friday, the 13th of March 2020, the picture of everything happening in high density cities was a rumor that companies like WEWORK spread to build their houses of cards. …

One effect of changes that have occurred in where people live and work in and around big cities is a phenomenon that was already well underway before the pandemic but has sped up: the demise of inner city buses. I wrote about this in the December 2018 issue of THE DISPATCHER, Is It Time to Throw the Bus Under the Bus?. I wrote:

                                                      We need to
                                                      start thinking
                                                      outside the
                                                      bus. If a city
                                                      is serious
                                                      about
                                                      providing a
                                                      useful bus
                                                      service, it
                                                      needs to run
                                                      them
                                                      everywhere and
                                                      often,
                                                      including at
                                                      night. It
                                                      must,
                                                      therefore, get
                                                      rid of cars
                                                      driving and
                                                      parking on its
                                                      streets. ..

One effect of changes that have occurred in where people live and work in and around big cities is a phenomenon that was already well underway before the pandemic but has sped up: the demise of inner city buses. I wrote about this in the December 2018 issue of THE DISPATCHER, Is It Time to Throw the Bus Under the Bus?. I wrote:

                                                      We need to
                                                      start thinking
                                                      outside the
                                                      bus. If a city
                                                      is serious
                                                      about
                                                      providing a
                                                      useful bus
                                                      service, it
                                                      needs to run
                                                      them
                                                      everywhere and
                                                      often,
                                                      including at
                                                      night. It
                                                      must,
                                                      therefore, get
                                                      rid of cars
                                                      driving and
                                                      parking on its
                                                      streets. ...
                                                      What cities
                                                      are doing
                                                      today all over
                                                      the world is
                                                      neither
                                                      providing an
                                                      adequate
                                                      service to
                                                      their citizens
                                                      nor using the
                                                      money
                                                      allocated for
                                                      transport in a
                                                      cost-effective
                                                      way...

Bite the bullet and get private cars off the big city streets

                                                      The reasons
                                                      that people
                                                      who live in
                                                      cities began
                                                      to buy cars
                                                      was that they
                                                      needed them to
                                                      get to their
                                                      jobs, the ones
                                                      that began
                                                      moving out of
                                                      the cities in
                                                      the ‘60s to
                                                      ‘campuses’
                                                      where there
                                                      were no
                                                      transit links.
                                                      Then they
                                                      needed them to
                                                      drop off their
                                                      children to
                                                      day care
                                                      centers since
                                                      both parents
                                                      worked. Then
                                                      they needed
                                                      them to drop
                                                      off their
                                                      older
                                                      children...

As I said, it is not buses that will meet the need. Neither is it roads filled with taxis. There are taxis offering rides in Trenton and Scranton, but they are not replacing buses because they are too expensive and are often unavailable when demand for them is highest. The Uber/Lyft model can be better at meeting demand, but they are still too costly…”

Read more  Hmmmm…   Enjoy the whole issue. It is enormously well written! Also listen/watch the SDC Pod/Zoom Cast 216- below with Michael. Alain

                                                      [The Costly Pursuit of Self-Driving Cars Continues On. And On. And On.](https://www.nytimes.com/2021/05/24/technology/self-driving-cars-wait.html) C. Metz,
                                                      May 24, "...
                                                      So what went
                                                      wrong? Some
                                                      researchers
                                                      would say
                                                      nothing â€"
                                                      that’s how
                                                      science works.
                                                      You can’t
                                                      entirely
                                                      predict what
                                                      will happen in
                                                      an experiment.
                                                      ...
                                                      It's not an
                                                      experiment if
                                                      you can
                                                      predict the
                                                      outcome.  Why
                                                      bother doing
                                                      it???

More importantly, Mother Nature is involved and you don’t know what she is going to throw at you. Which is why simulations are not the complete answer… They’ll only regurgitate what you told them to do (which is somewhat useful because they implicate together the things that you thought you knew, giving you new insights.). The challenge is, She’s not involved in the simulation but She is every time you do it…  But that’s life and that’s what makes it exiting and worth living….  The self-driving car project just happened to be one of the most hyped technology experiments of this century, occurring on streets all over the country and run by some of its highest-profile companies….

Self-driving tech is not yet nimble enough to reliably handle the variety of situations human drivers encounter each day. It can usually handle suburban Phoenix, but it can’t duplicate the human chutzpah needed for merging into the Lincoln Tunnel in New York or dashing for an offramp on Highway 101 in Los Angele  … True!   But getting it to work in the Nevada desert and then Pheonix is an enormous accomplishment. Frank didn’t just roll out of the womb and make it in New York. He also went through “..the blues…” where he could actually sing and be appreciated in the “..small towns…” before he made it in NYC.  It took GM about ‘12 seconds’ to realize that the required human chutzpah was way to much to get started and they were outathere.

“If you look at almost every industry that is trying to solve really, really difficult technical challenges, the folks that tend to be involved are a little bit crazy and little bit optimistic,” he said. “You need to have that optimism to get up every day and bang your head against the wall to try to solve a problem that has never been solved, and it’s not guaranteed that it ever will be solved.”  … Absolutely true. By definition! (I also like to say that you need to be fundamentally stupid; else, you would have known how hard it was going to be and you would have just played golf or video games in your parent’s basement…)

“These cars will be able to operate on a limited set of streets under a limited set of weather conditions at certain speeds,” said Jody Kelman, an executive at Lyft. “We will very safely be able to deploy these cars, but they won’t be able to go that many places.” … Yup!! There is absolutely nothing bad about that. Go someplace else.   It doesn’t need to be much tougher that “Chandler”. It doesn’t really need to be any “bigger” than “Chandler”.

Waymo needs what Chandler doesn’t have.. Customers … Definition: folks whose quality-of-life can be substantially improved by what Waymo’s Technology can readily deliver today. )

                                                      That's the
                                                      market side of
                                                      this
                                                      initiative
                                                      that Silicon
                                                      Valley seems
                                                      to have
                                                      forgotten.
                                                      Cool
                                                      Technology
                                                      doesn't
                                                      happen, just
                                                      because it is
                                                      Technology.
                                                      Technology
                                                      happens
                                                      because it is
                                                      Cool.  Cool is
                                                      the value
                                                      proposition,
                                                      not
                                                      Technology:
                                                      else we'd have
                                                      [Segways](https://techcrunch.com/2020/06/23/say-so-long-to-the-original-segway/) and people wearing [GoogleGlass](https://www.investopedia.com/articles/investing/052115/how-why-google-glass-failed.asp) all over the place.

Assisted Driving (what I call Self-drivingCars, or, sorry, SAE Level 1 and Level 2, or Tesla AutoPilot) are Cool (That technology delivers Comfort and Convenience to those that can afford and wish to buy cars).  The buyer/customer just relies, for the most part, that engineers are making sure that the Technology works. Customers demand that the Technology adds to what they already enjoy (Cool).  Their attention span is really short.  The “lipstick” wears off quickly.

For Driverless… not so much Cool in Chandler. Maybe as a fling, or a tale, but actually, the negatives, largely outweigh the positives, think GoogleGlass. Few move or stay in Chandler unless you have a car (~70% Households have 2 or more cars). ‘everyone’ has their own car.  So while the Waymo technology might work in Chandler, it doesn’t have enough Waymophiles (customers for whom Waymo substantially improves what they already have for themselves) to make it a Go.

However, take “Trenton”.  70 % of the households have one or zero cars. Many more Trentonians have the opportunity to appreciate the incremental value that Waymo will bring to their lives.  They will more easily become Waymophiles if Waymo delivers in Trenton what Waymo has well demonstrated the “Cool” that it can deliver in Chandler. Even if Waymo shuts down until the few roads that it uses are plowed the few times it snows in Trenton. Trenton is Waymos’s (Ford/Argo & GM/Cruise as well) “New York”.

In short… While Chandler is an ideal place for Waymo to start getting its Technology working, Trenton is a great place for them to deliver societal value, which is supposed to be the fundamental mission of these Google “X.Projects” … …”

                                                      ...X’s primary
                                                      output
                                                      is
                                                      breakthrough
                                                      technologies
                                                      that have the
                                                      potential to transform
                                                      people’s
                                                      lives and
                                                      become large,
                                                      sustainable
                                                      businesses."

It is time that Waymo begins to take what they’ve accomplished and actually begin to deliver primary output. “Read more  Hmmmm…  Excellent.  Comments in line above. Also Listen/Watch PodCast above.  Alain

                                                      May 22, 2021

  Why I Ride with Waymo: Mike Waymo One, May 13, “… I started taking it to work, and after crunching the numbers for gas, maintenance, insurance, upkeep, and owning a depreciating investment, it was pretty much a no-brainer that we really didn’t need two cars. I sold off my car and made Waymo my choice for commuting to and from work and for trips my wife and I need to take when the other is using our car…” Read more  Hmmmm…This is really great that he “crunched the numbers” and found it to be “pretty much a no-brainer”, which is what every real Waymo customer in Chandler has to do to become a Waymo customer.  One “doesn’t move to Chandler unless one has “two cars”.  See slide 5: 70% of the households have 2 or more cars in Chandler, so most of the folks have had to do the math to become a customer.  If Waymo offered the same service in Trenton, where 70% of the households have at most one car and 30% don’t have any, then it doesn’t take much number crunching to appreciate Waymo when walking is the next best way to go.

The Chandler Operational Design Domain (ODD) may be a great place to get the technology working.  It may well be the “easiest” ODD in the world.  A Trenton ODD may well not be all that much more difficult technologically. What Trenton does have are customers for whom what Waymo can deliver is truly a no-brainer. Alain

                                                      May 15, 2021

Autonomous Vehicles: A Framework for Deployment and Safety R. Diamond, May 13, “Join SAFE for an event focused on the importance of autonomous vehicles to our national and economic security and outlining pathways for the safe deployment of autonomous vehicles.

                                                      The event will
                                                      feature
                                                      remarks from
                                                      Dr. Steve
                                                      Cliff, Acting
                                                      Administrator
                                                      of NHTSA, a
                                                      discussion
                                                      between
                                                      industry
                                                      leaders, and
                                                      the release of
                                                      a report, "A
                                                      Regulatory
                                                      Framework for
                                                      AV Safety," by
                                                      O. Kevin
                                                      Vincent,
                                                      Associate
                                                      General
                                                      Counsel,
                                                      Regulatory at
                                                      Lucid...."  [Read more](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=efcOl4QT4vg)  Hmmmm... A must watch,
                                                      complemented
                                                      by the [Vincent report](https://www.dropbox.com/s/v7d50nlj2k3o2ud/Kevin-Vincent-Regulatory-Framework.pdf?dl=0) and our latest [PodCast](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=biRYIW1ULCo) below.  Alain

                                                      May 8, 2021   [Why has’t Waymo expanded its driverless service? Here’s my theory](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/why-hasnt-waymo-expanded-its-driverless-service-heres-my-theory/)

###

                                                      T. Lee, May 7,
                                                      "Suburban
                                                      ride-hailing
                                                      is a lousy
                                                      business to be
                                                      in.

Last October, Waymo did something remarkable: the company launched a fully driverless commercial taxi service called Waymo One. Customers in a 50-square-mile corner of suburban Phoenix can now use their smartphones to hail a Chrysler Pacifica minivan with no one in the driver’s seat.

                                                      And then...
                                                      nothing. Seven
                                                      months later,
                                                      Waymo has
                                                      neither
                                                      expanded the
                                                      footprint of
                                                      the Phoenix
                                                      service nor
                                                      has it
                                                      announced a
                                                      timeline for
                                                      launching in a
                                                      second city.

                                                      It's as if
                                                      Steve Jobs had
                                                      unveiled the
                                                      iPhone,
                                                      shipped a few
                                                      thousand
                                                      phones to an
                                                      Apple Store in
                                                      Phoenix, and
                                                      then didn't
                                                      ship any more
                                                      for
                                                      monthsâ€"and
                                                      wouldn't
                                                      explain why.

                                                      Last Friday,
                                                      two Waymo
                                                      employees [participated in an "ask me anything" thread](https://www.reddit.com/r/SelfDrivingCars/comments/n031vq/you_voted_and_were_excited_to_chat_about_waymo/)
                                                      on the
                                                      SelfDrivingCars
                                                      subreddit, a
                                                      watering hole
                                                      for
                                                      self-driving
                                                      industry
                                                      insiders.
                                                      Questions
                                                      about
                                                      expansion
                                                      plans
                                                      dominated the
                                                      conversation.

                                                      "How are you
                                                      going to
                                                      scale?" one
                                                      redditor
                                                      asked. "What
                                                      are the
                                                      impediments to
                                                      service
                                                      expansion at
                                                      this time?"

                                                      The Waymonauts
                                                      responded with
                                                      maddening
                                                      generalities.

                                                      "We feel the
                                                      same urgency
                                                      to scale
                                                      quickly that
                                                      others do, but
                                                      a ton of work
                                                      goes into
                                                      doing it
                                                      safely," wrote
                                                      Waymo's Sam
                                                      Kansara."  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2021/05/why-hasnt-waymo-expanded-its-driverless-service-heres-my-theory/)  Hmmmm... Not at all surprising.
                                                      Can you
                                                      imagine trying
                                                      to be better
                                                      than one's own
                                                      Land Rover or
                                                      Porsche in car
                                                      country.  That
                                                      is a heavy
                                                      lift.  Making
                                                      it heavier is
                                                      the focus on
                                                      today's most
                                                      entitled
                                                      yuppies.
                                                      That's as bad
                                                      as the
                                                      original focus
                                                      of driverless
                                                      cars on
                                                      1%ers.  Waymos
                                                      are pure and
                                                      simple
                                                      mobility
                                                      machines to
                                                      get you
                                                      from/to places
                                                      horizontally,
                                                      just as
                                                      elevators do
                                                      vertically ...
                                                      just get you
                                                      up to the "8th
                                                      floor".  Why
                                                      are elevators
                                                      so successful
                                                      at what they
                                                      do?... Second
                                                      best is the
                                                      stairwell!
                                                      They win all
                                                      the time,
                                                      hands down.

In Chandler, the “stairwell” is your car parked in your garage.  You don’t even have to go outside in all that heat. Waymo’s got to be really good to beat that! Waymo might end up getting close to that good, but in the beginning chances “slim-to-none”.  Not that the car in the garage doesn’t have an enormous amount of “excess baggage”. Everyone seems to have conveniently forgotten about it. When even with all of its LiDars, radars and deepLearning, whereas the car with the Mad Men fantasies is way more than half full and your go-to mobility is your car. Your car allowed you to consider the Chandlers of this world as a place whee you want to live.  That’s a challenging market place for Waymo. It’s worse than Bing v Google

A better place for Waymo  ( or Ford/Argo or GM/cruise) the place to start is to focus on a market where they can easily deliver better service.  The obvious market is to provide Waymo mobility to concentrations of households that have zero or only one car.  Folks that have been left behind by the automobile and don’t have access to one.  Those that have been relegated to take the staircase thereby not even having the opportunity to reach “the eighth floor”; which, once they can using Waymo,  would substantially improve their lives. They might in fact appreciate Waymo right out of the box.

Manhattan is one such place, but it has a great subway and safely driving its roads is enormously challenging, so that’s arguably the last place for Waymo to go. However, the census identifies many communities and “inner suburbs” that have substantial densities of zero and one-car household. For example: Trenton New Jersey. Waymo would be the obvious mobility choice. Numerous Trenton residents would readily perceive Waymo as the “Google” in their trip mode-choice.

Another note… trying to sell Waymo technology on its ability to improve safety is a fool’s gambit. Since Waymos don’t misbehave, it is “easy” to make them safer, but that argument is hard to get across Misbehaviors are core to the fantasies of driving and are thus excused and forgotten about.  Alain

Link to previous SDC eLetters

Alain L. Kornhauser, PhD

Professor & Director of Undergraduate Studies, Operations Research & Financial Engineering

                                                      Director,
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Program

                                                      Faculty Chair,
                                                      Princeton
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle
                                                      Engineering

229 Sherrerd Hall

                                                      Princeton
                                                      University

                                                      Princeton, NJ

alaink@princeton.edu

                                                      609-980-1427
                                                      (c)

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