2020-05-07

2020-05-07

edition of the 8th year of SmartDrivingCars

While COVID-19 Batters The Airlines, Driverless Car Technology Marches On

S. Rice, May 4, “A while back, my colleague and I wrote an article about how driverless cars will disrupt the airline industry. We were not the first ones to say this, but we were the first to publish consumer opinion data to back up our claims. This is particularly true for short haul flights, as the majority of respondents said they preferred a driverless car for road trips up to eight hours over the hassles of flying commercial—even when the flight might take less time. Their reasons included wanting to avoid long security lines, delayed flights, lost baggage, small seats, and crowded airplanes.

Dr. Mattie Milner recently defended her dissertation at Embry-Riddle Aeronautical University, which focused on what type of person would prefer a driverless car over flying commercial. Her findings showed people prefer driverless cars over commercial flight for short and midrange drives. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Many/most prefer driving their own conventional cars rather than flying commercial on short haul routes (500 miles or less).  This has been true for years. Driverless cars would simply offer the same opportunity for those that for whatever reason don’t have access to drive their own car.   Airlines have struggled serving short-haul flights since 9-11 because of the time overhead introduced by the additional security.  Physical distancing may well be the nail in the coffin for local airports and short-haul flights. Cargo flights could provide some respite.  If Amtrak ever went “engineerless” (how trivial is that compared to driverless cars!?!) it could run frequent 1 (or 2) car “trains” between most cities.   That would really be the nail in the short-haul airline coffin. Heavens… the freight railroads could run frequent inter-modal freight services.   Whew!!! Alain

SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 155 - Alex Roy2

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F. Fishkin, April 29, “The continuing impact of Covid-19 on autonomous vehicle progress. But it may not be all bad news. Alex Roy…host of the No Parking Podcast and Director of Special Operations at Argo AI….joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Intel, Lyft, Uber and more. Listen and subscribe!”   “Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!”. Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay …  Alain

SmartDrivingCars Zoom-Cast Episode 155- Alex Roy2

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Video version… Watch Zoom-Cast 155 - Alex Roy2  …. Alain

SmartDrivingCar Zoom-inar 001 The Driverless New Normal Debate

Note:…

                                SmartDrivingCar Zoom-inar 002 -
                                Transit in the New Normal...Will the
                                Bus be Thrown Under the Bus?...
                                Tentatively set for Monday, May 18,
                                2:00pm New York Time

The Relentless Startup Fast-Tracking Ford’s Self-Driving Cars

Alex Davis, May 5, “Meet Bryan Salesky and the team of resourceful engineers at Argo, the little company trying to crack a big problem: safe autonomous driving….

Given his early career trajectory, you might be surprised that Bryan Salesky now finds himself at the forefront of the race to deliver the self-driving car. Red-haired and blue-eyed, he was born in the Detroit suburb of Woodhaven, Michigan, where his father did factory work in a steel mill. As the steel industry cratered in the 1990s, his mother remarried and the family moved around, winding up in Pittsburgh.

                              Salesky earned a Bachelor of Science
                              in Engineering at the University of
                              Pittsburgh in 2002 and, uninterested
                              in continuing the kind of education
                              that meant writing papers for
                              professors, decided against grad
                              school. Instead, he took a job at
                              Union Switch & Signal, the company
                              George Westinghouse founded in 1881.
                              There, Salesky worked on software that
                              kept trains from colliding while
                              traversing "dark territory," the long
                              stretches of track ungoverned by
                              signal systems...

Salesky was slotted in as Urmson’s lieutenant. The man who had kept real trains on their tracks would now keep the metaphorical ones on schedule….”  Read more Hmmmm…  Alex, very nice article!! Both of you, keep up the good work.  Alain

Do Autonomous Vehicles Need LiDAR??

S. Rangwalla, April 30, “… Typically, the argument for not needing LiDAR as an obstacle avoidance and safety sensor goes as follows – “humans do not have a LiDAR and they drive reasonably well, so why should a computer need LiDAR?” The answer seems pretty obvious - computers today do not replicate human intelligence – they do not think like humans, from a perception and decision-making perspective. And they need other crutches as stated eloquently by my fellow Forbes author, Brad Templeton. Additionally, LiDARs for AVs are also used to develop 3D maps and provide vehicle localization (which could be achieved through other means like cameras and GPS)….” Read more Hmmmm….  Very good presentation of the yeas and nays.  Localization (SLAM) was the original motivator for LiDAR; however, I argue that 3D maps and precise localization are neither necessary nor justifiable.  Maps (paper, digital or HD) have no information about objects moving near the car being controlled. Collision avoidance is all about locations and motions of nearby object relative  to the car being controlled.  That’s why I can drive pretty well, actually really well if I’m paying attention to driving the car, with only a vague notion of “where am I”.  All I need to know is “just ahead turn right, left or keep going straight.  By recognizing where I am relative to the lane markings and signs along the road, I end up usually making good decisions and, so far, not making any catastrophic decision.  I don’t need LiDAR nor HD maps Alain

Volvo bucks the industry, will sell LIDAR-equipped self-driving cars to customers by 2022

A. Hawkins, May 6, “In 2018, Volvo made a “strategic investment” in a little-known Florida-based LIDAR company called Luminar to use the startup’s high-resolution long-range sensor to build self-driving cars. Today, Volvo is announcing that new LIDAR-equipped cars, which the Swedish automaker says will be able to drive themselves on highways with no human intervention, will start rolling off the production line in 2022.

                              It's an ambitious plan that carries
                              its own risks and sets Volvo apart
                              from its competitors, many of which
                              are planning to launch self-driving
                              technology as part of fleets of
                              robotaxis rather than production cars
                              for personal ownership. They argue
                              this will help amortize the costs of
                              not just the LIDAR, but also the
                              high-powered computing power needed to
                              enable self-driving cars. But Volvo
                              believes that by limiting the
                              operational domain — or conditions
                              under which the car can drive
                              autonomously — to just highways, it is
                              creating vehicle technology that is
                              not only safer, but less costly as
                              well.

                              "We are saying that for a particular
                              stretch of highway, we are aiming for
                              an unsupervised experience," Henrik
                              Green, Volvo's chief technology
                              officer, told The Verge. "Our view
                                is that by isolating the domain to
                                particular sets of highways, which
                                we can control and verify, we
                                believe that's the safe entry into
                                autonomous technology and autonomous
                                experience for users." ...". [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2020/5/6/21248415/volvo-luminar-lidar-self-driving-highway-pilot-spa2) Hmmmm....  Big
                                    step here.  If this enables
                                    Volvo's Emergency Braking System
                                    to reliably determine if a
                                    stationary object ahead can be
                                    safely passed under and, thus,
                                    not be assumed to be a "false
                                    positive" then this is great
                                    news.  (One silver lining in our
                                    Covid-19 new normal is that
                                    "false positives" and "false
                                    negatives" are concepts whose
                                    implications are much better
                                    appreciated.)  See also Timothy
                                    Lee's reporting...  [Volvo plans cars with lidar and "eyes off" highway driving by 2022](https://arstechnica.com/cars/2020/05/volvo-cars-will-have-lidar-comparable-to-self-driving-cars-by-2022/).  Alain

Tesla achieves record safety with Autopilot — more than 50% improvement

                            F. Lambert, May 2, "Tesla achieved a
                            record level of safety with Autopilot
                            with more than 50% improvement during
                            the last quarter, according to its
                            safety report.

                            Since 2018, Tesla has been trying to
                            create a benchmark for its improvement
                            in Autopilot safety by releasing a
                            quarterly report that compares the
                            number of miles per accident on
                            Autopilot versus off of Autopilot....

                            In October 2018, we reported on Tesla's
                            first safety report, which was for the
                            third quarter 2018.  At the time, Tesla
                            said that it registered "one accident
                            per 3.34 million miles driven in which
                            drivers had Autopilot engaged."

                            For miles driven without Autopilot,
                            Tesla said that registered "one accident
                            or crash-like event for every 1.92
                            million miles driven."

                            Over 2019, Tesla's results were up and
                            down, but the new data for the first
                            quarter 2020 shows a significant
                            improvement:

In the first quarter, we registered one accident for every 4.68 million miles driven in which drivers had Autopilot engaged. For those driving without Autopilot but with our active safety features, we registered one accident for every 1.99 million miles driven. For those driving without Autopilot and without our active safety features, we registered one accident for every 1.42 million miles driven. By comparison, NHTSA’s most recent data shows that in the United States there is an automobile crash every 479,000 miles.

                            That's a 50% improvement over the
                            previous quarter and the most
                            significant improvement yet.:... " [Read more](https://electrek.co/2020/05/02/tesla-record-safety-autopilot-improvement/) Hmmmm... There
                                  are, of course caveats, some
                                  reported by Fred.  The fundamental
                                  problem here is that there is no
                                  "peer review" of these claims.
                                  Once again, I offer to do the peer
                                  review if Tesla releases the
                                  underlying data.  Until an
                                  independent entity, such as
                                  myself, has access to those data
                                  and performs a similar analysis
                                  these safety claims are going to
                                  be heavily discounted by even the
                                  most loyal to Tesla.    Alain

Let’s Get Technical: Ford Offers Self-Driving Dataset to Spark Research and Development

                            T. Lockwood,  May 5, "Every second a
                            self-driving vehicle is operating, it's
                            gathering information about the world
                            around it. Cameras and LiDAR help it
                            identify vehicles, pedestrians, signs
                            and anything else that might be out in
                            or near the streets. Radar helps the
                            vehicle keep track of how fast things
                            are moving around it.

                            Without all this data, self-driving cars
                            wouldn't even be able to leave a parking
                            lot. These vehicles need to process a
                            constant stream of information to safely
                            navigate their surroundings, but even
                            before they can do that, high-quality
                            data is needed to help engineers and
                            researchers create software that can
                            properly teach self-driving vehicles how
                            to analyze their environments.

                            To further spur innovation in this
                            exciting field, Ford is releasing a
                            comprehensive self-driving vehicle
                            dataset to the academic and research
                            community. There's no better way of
                            promoting research and development than
                            ensuring the academic community has the
                            data it needs to create effective
                            self-driving vehicle algorithms...."   [Read more](https://medium.com/self-driven/lets-get-technical-ford-offers-self-driving-dataset-to-spark-research-and-development-81d0f035e3b0) Hmmmm....   Very
                                  nice; however... 1. Personally, I
                                  would prefer if Tesla released its
                                  data, see above article...  2.
                                  Others have released similar data
                                  sets including those that are part
                                  of the [Waymo Challenge](https://waymo.com/open/challenges)... and 3.  What
                                  bothers me most is that so much of
                                  the data that is being
                                  released/processed is useless.
                                  LiDAR point clouds of the trees
                                  and buildings outside the roadway
                                  cross-section ... why aren't they
                                  immediately discarded as
                                  irrelevant???? One of the things
                                  that our brain does really well,
                                  mine especially, is to forget and
                                  disregard irrelevant data.  LiDAR
                                  point clouds make for nice
                                  pictures, but an extremely large
                                  percentage of those data points
                                  are totally irrelevant.  I need to
                                  be educated as to why they would
                                  be included in the distribution of
                                  any released data set except to
                                  tune some algorithm to purge then
                                  ASAP.

There is also a misleading comment about information sharing between neighboring vehicles. …” Most datasets only offer data from a single vehicle, but sensor information from two vehicles can help researchers explore entirely new scenarios, especially when the two encounter each other at different points along their respective routes….”  Such information is at a completely higher level of abstraction than the sensor data that is being released.  To me, even thinking about merging raw sensor data from two or more vehicles in real-time to perform scene cognition is a luxury not even Ford can justify. My daughter Michelle always reminds me that she only tries to get involved with things that are good idea!  Are they trying to send everyone else down the wrong track with this suggestion??? Alain

Lyft lays off almost 1,000 staffers as Uber weighs big layoffs

T. Lee, April 29, “Lyft is laying of 982 people, the company said in a regulatory filing on Wednesday. That represents 17 percent of the company’s official workforce (the company considers its thousands of drivers to be independent contractors).

                              An additional 288 employees will be
                              furloughed, Lyft said. Most of the
                              remaining salaried employees will take
                              10 percent pay cuts, while executives
                              will face pay cuts of 20 to 30
                              percent.

                              The cuts reflect the dire state of
                              Lyft's business during the coronavirus
                              lockdown. Demand for on-demand
                              passenger rides has plummeted. Lyft
                              didn't disclose booking figures in its
                              filing, but The Information's Amir
                              Efrati [reported last week](https://www.theinformation.com/briefings/7120d9) that Uber's global
                              bookings for ride hailing were down 80
                              percent. Lyft has presumably suffered
                              similarly large losses...."  [Read more](https://arstechnica.com/tech-policy/2020/04/lyft-lays-off-almost-1000-staffers-as-uber-weighs-big-layoffs/) Hmmmm....   Not
                                    a pretty sight. In a sense,
                                    since it can't scale without
                                    Driverless, it might as well
                                    scale back the overhead that is
                                    commensurate with a dollar
                                    stock. Note... The market
                                    absolutely disagrees with me!
                                    If you lose less, price goes up,
                                    irrespective of the probability
                                    of achieving a price/earnings
                                    ratio that might justify such a
                                    price.  [Lyft stock](https://www.google.com/search?q=lyft+stock+price), [Uber stock](https://www.google.com/search?q=uber+stock+price) prices.  Alain

Lyft says its ride-hailing business is down 70 percent because of COVID-19

A. Hawkins, May 6, “Lyft’s ride-hailing business is down 70 percent, year over year, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the company’s chief executives said in an earnings call with investors Wednesday. The company’s ride volume hit a bottom in the second week of April, plummeting 75 percent year-over-year, and has since gradually risen in the final weeks of the month. …

But Lyft’s earnings report for the first quarter of 2020 was slightly less grim than it’s ride-hailing business.”. Read more Hmmmm….  Is it really less grim… Way towards better earnings is serving many fewer customers. Isn’t that really bad for a business that promised big rewards for big scale?  Alain

A. Hawkins, May 6, “Uber will lay off 3,700 full-time employees, or around 14 percent of its global workforce, the company said in filings with the US Securities and Exchange Commission. In addition, Uber CEO Dara Khosrowshahi will forgo his salary for the rest of the year as the company continues to struggle in response to the COVID-19 pandemic.

Uber’s ride-hailing business has dried up as a result of widespread shutdown orders due to the pandemic. In a call with investors in March, Khosrowshahi said its gross bookings in most major cities were down by as much as 70 percent. The Information recently reported that the company’s overall business was down 80 percent year over year. Recent gains in its food delivery Uber Eats division have failed to make up for big losses in its core ride-hailing product. The company will report its first quarter earnings on Thursday.”. Read more Hmmmm…. Whew!  Didn’t Uber claim not long ago, that Uber Eats was going to save it and isn’t it “the best of times” for food delivery???  Alain

Can a Pandemic Stop the Apocalypse?

R. Lanctot, April 2, “The negative impacts of the coronavirus, COVID-19, on the automotive industry continue to radiate out from the closure of factories and dealerships (for vehicle sales, while service operations continue) to employee furloughs and plunging stock prices. At the same time, the global pandemic has begun to undermine the investment rationale behind four core industry-wide initiatives collectively described as “CASE” or “ACES:” i.e. Connected, Autonomous, Shared, and Electrified driving. ..

The last horseman standing is connectivity. It may well be that connectivity is the sole surviving core automotive technology iniitiative that survives the COVID-19 scourge. The industry may abandon autonomous vehicles, shared vehicles, and electrification - but connectivity seems bound to endure….

Not even COVID-19 can stand in the way of the movement to connect cars. For the foreseeable future, the pandemic will continue to wreak havoc with autonomous, electrification, and sharing. Car connections will survive even this apocalypse.”. Read more Hmmmm…. Unfortunately, Connectivity died before Covid-19 simply because it needs to achieve significant market adoption before it can begin to deliver any meaningful value to anyone beyond those peddling gizmos.  And even then it is a stretch.  The only way Covid-19 brings back the C is if the central politburo needs it to control the masses.   Alain

Elon Musk talks Tesla cars playing augmented reality games while driving

                            F. Lambert, May 4, "In a new Twitter
                            comment, Elon Musk talks about possibly
                            developing a game for Tesla cars using
                            augmented reality game while driving… or
                            Minecraft.

                            For the last two years, Tesla has been
                            devoting some resources to integrate
                            video games into its user experience. It
                            plans to do more of that in the future,
                            as Musk says that Tesla's goal is to
                            increase owners' happiness and make the
                            ownership experience more fun:... " [Read more](https://electrek.co/2020/05/04/elon-musk-tesla-minecraft-augmented-reality-video-games/) Hmmmm... This is so totally
                                  irresponsible.  Drivers should be
                                  paying attention to driving and
                                  not ever playing video games at
                                  the same time.  People will die!!
                                     Alain

Intel to buy smart urban transit startup Moovit for $1B to boost its autonomous car division

I. Lunden, May 3, “Some big M&A is afoot in Israel in the world of smart transportation. According to multiple reports and sources that have contacted TechCrunch, chip giant Intel is in the final stages of a deal to acquire Moovit, a startup that applies AI and big data analytics to track traffic and provide transit recommendations to some 800 million people globally. The deal is expected to close in the coming days at a price believed to be in the region of $1 billion.

                              We have contacted Nir Erez, the
                              founder and CEO of Moovit, as well as
                              Intel spokespeople for a comment on
                              the reports and will update this story
                              as we learn more. For now, Moovit's
                              spokesperson has not denied the
                              reports and what we have been told
                              directly....."  [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2020/05/03/intel-to-buy-smart-urban-transit-startup-moovit-for-1b-to-boost-its-autonomous-car-division/) Hmmmm... Given
                                    that Intel Capital is already a
                                    strategic investor, they must
                                    know what they are doing.
                                    But... are there "800M people"
                                    who even use transit around the
                                    world, let alone ask Moovit for
                                    recommendations???? Are the many
                                    Intel stock holders providing a
                                    nice payday for the few Intel
                                    Capital insiders???  Alain

Tesla researchers publish work on hybrid battery enabling all-electric car range extender

                            F. Lambert, May 4, "Tesla, through its
                            research arm in Canada, has published
                            the results of research on Hybrid
                            Lithium-Ion/Lithium Metal Cells, which
                            can be used to create what can be best
                            described as all-electric cars with a
                            range extender.

                            Typically, when we talk about electric
                            vehicles with a range extender, we are
                            talking about a battery-powered electric
                            car with a small gasoline combustion
                            engine that acts as a generator to
                            recharge the battery when the user wants
                            to have more range.

                            The BMW i3 Rex is a good example. It was
                            equipped with a battery pack enabling
                            126 miles (203 km) of all-electric
                            range, which could be extended to 200
                            miles (320 km) with its combustion
                            engine.

                            Now in a new paper, Tesla's battery
                            research group comes up with a similar
                            concept – but it remains all-electric.
                            How?.:... " [Read more](https://electrek.co/2020/05/04/tesla-hybrid-battery-electric-car-range-extender/) Hmmmm... ???? Not
                                  at all like the BMW i3 Rex or the
                                  Chevy Volt or a modern railroad
                                  locomotive.  Each have ICE
                                  charging "batteries" that power
                                  electric traction motors.  This is
                                  just a "better" battery, maybe...
                                  if by "better" we mean higher
                                  power density.   If better also
                                  includes cost of materials,
                                  external environmental cost and
                                  geo=political costs, then ...????
                                  Alain

Google Cars Drive Themselves, in Traffic

J. Markoff, Oct 9, 2010 (essentially 10 years ago…) “Anyone driving the twists of Highway 1 between San Francisco and Los Angeles recently may have glimpsed a Toyota Prius with a curious funnel-like cylinder on the roof. Harder to notice was that the person at the wheel was not actually driving.

                                The car is a project of Google,
                                which has been working in secret but
                                in plain view on vehicles that can
                                drive themselves, using
                                artificial-intelligence software
                                that can sense anything near the car
                                and mimic the decisions made by a
                                human driver.

                                With someone behind the wheel to
                                take control if something goes awry
                                and a technician in the passenger
                                seat to monitor the navigation
                                system, seven test cars have driven
                                1,000 miles without human
                                intervention and more than 140,000
                                miles with only occasional human
                                control. One even drove itself down
                                Lombard Street in San Francisco, one
                                of the steepest and curviest streets
                                in the nation. The only accident,
                                engineers said, was when one Google
                                car was rear-ended while stopped at
                                a traffic light.

                                Autonomous cars are years from mass
                                production, but technologists who
                                have long dreamed of them believe
                                that they can transform society as
                                profoundly as the Internet has...."
                                [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/2010/10/10/science/10google.html?referringSource=articleShare) Hmmmm...We
                                      knew the first 80% was going
                                      to be easy.  The next 19% are
                                      really hard, the next 0.9% is
                                      really really hard, ....   But
                                      I remain confident that we'll
                                      soon become substantially
                                      better than good enough.
                                      Alain

                                New Roman"">    [Draft](https://www.dropbox.com/s/p7t7fwkm1wu9n3g/ProgramDraft1_4thAnnualPrincetonSDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0)Princeton
                                SmartDrivingCar
                                Summit
                              Postponed until
                                    Evening Oct. 20 through Oct. 22,
                                    2020 A. Kornhauser, Feb 6,
                              "The focus of the Summit this year
                              will be moving beyond the AI and the
                              Sensors to addressing the challenges
                              of Commercialization and  the delivery
                              of tangible value to communities.
                              We've made enormous progress with the
                              technology. We're doing the
                              investment; however, this investment
                              delivers value only if is
                              commercialized: made available and is
                              used by consumers in large numbers.
                              Demos and one-offs are "great", but to
                              deliver value that is anywhere near
                              commensurate with the magnitude of the
                              investment made to date, initial
                              deployments need to scale.  We can't
                              just have "Morgantown PRT Systems"
                              whose initial deployment has been
                              nothing but enormously successful for
                              45 years (an essentially perfect
                              safety record, an excellent
                              availability record and customer
                              valued mobility).  Unfortunately, the
                              system was never expanded or
                              duplicated anywhere.  It didn't
                              scale.  It is a one-off.

Tests, demos and one-offs are nice niche deployments; however, what one really needs are initial deployments that have the opportunity to grow, be replicated and scale.  In 1888, Frank Sprague, successfully deployed a small electric street railway system in Richmond, Va.  which became the reference for many other cites.  “… By 1889 110 electric railways incorporating Sprague’s equipment had been begun or planned on several continents…” Substantial scaled societal benefits emerged virally from this technology.  It was eventually supplanted by the conventional automobile but for more than 30 years it delivered substantial improvements to the quality-of-life for many.

                            In part, the 4th Summit will focus on
                            defining the "Richmond" of Affordable
                            Shared-ride On-demand
                            Mobility-as-a-Service.  The initial
                            Operational Design Domain (ODD) that
                            safely accommodates Driverless Mobility
                            Machines that people actually choose to
                            use and becomes the envy of communities
                              Read more Hmmmm... [Draft Program](https://www.dropbox.com/s/p7t7fwkm1wu9n3g/ProgramDraft1_4thAnnualPrincetonSDC_Summit.pdf?dl=0) is in flux.
                                  Consider all named individuals as
                                  "Invited yet to be confirmed".
                                  Alain

C’mon Man!(These folks didn’t

                                get/read the memo)

##

Sunday

                                Supplement

Will the pandemic map a new course for autonomous cars?

Fulton, May 4, “From where we sit, it looks much less like an economy that could benefit from autonomous, self-driving cars that wheel their snoozing occupants safely from place to place, than just three months ago. For that matter, we can probably scratch our heads now about whether that moon shot by 2024 is a great idea. Our priorities have been shifted for us….”  Hmmmm…Mostly 1950s Sunday Supplement with a dash of current click-Bait. This vision died shortly after Daimler’s introduction of their F 015 Luxury in Motion at the CES in January 2015 (5 years ago!!).  Way too difficult/expensive to bring to reality as just another toy for the super entitled, super rich. Much more attractive as mobility machines for the masses. A concept that has zero traction in Sunday Supplements.  But that’s OK… that’s a real market that can also deliver substantial value to society. Alain

Half-Baked

Click-Bait

Calendar

                              of Upcoming Events:s

                                  until Evening Oct. 20 -> Oct
                                  22.

SmartDrivingCar Summit

Princeton University Princeton, NJ

On the More Technical Side

http://orfe.princeton.edu/~alaink/SmartDrivingCars/Papers/

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Recent Pod–Casts & Zoom-Casts

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SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 154 - Dan Sperling

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F. Fishkin, April 29, “Can ride sharing rebound after the pandemic? Daniel Sperling, founding director of the Institute of Transportation Studies at UC Davis joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Tesla, Waymo, Ford and more.”   “Alexa, play the Smart Driving Cars podcast!”.  Ditto with Siri, and GooglePlay …  Alain

SmartDrivingCars Zoom-Cast Episode 154- Dan Sperling

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SmartDrivingCars Pod-Cast Episode 153 - Dick Mudge2

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F. Fishkin, April 17, “The plummeting price of oil and what it may mean for mobility, ride sharing and the economy.. Dick Mudge, founder and president of Compass Transportation & Technology joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus GM, Uber and more on the Coronavirus impact.”

SmartDrivingCars Zoom-Cast Episode 153- Dick Mudge2

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Smart Driving Cars Pod-Cast Episode 152 - Brad Templeton

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F. Fishkin, April 17, “Can robotaxis survive a pandemic? Internet pioneer, self driving car consultant and author Brad Templeton joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin in a wide ranging chat on the impact today and the future. Plus…Uber, Zoox, Waymo, Tesla and more.”   “

                            [Smart Driving Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 15](https://youtu.be/xuIbtSJjDck)[2 - Brad Templeton](https://youtu.be/xuIbtSJjDck)

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Smart Driving Cars Pod-Cast Episode 151- Joe Moye

F. Fishkin, April 9, “In the midst of the Coronavirus pandemic, fully autonomous, driverless vehicles are carrying medical supplies and Covid-19 tests to the Mayo Clinic in Florida. They’re provided by Beep and the CEO, Joe Moye, joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that, plus the latest from Nuro, Tesla and more.” …  Alain

Smart Driving Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 151 - Joe Moye

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 150 - Andrei Greenawalt

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F. Fishkin, April 3, “Coronavirus devastates transportation and mobility. How does it recover? Matthew Daus, former NYC Taxi and Limousine Commission chairman, joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and much more. Watch,  subscribe,

                                              ...  Alain

Smart Driving Cars VideoCast Episode 150 - Andrei Greenawalt

Video version… Watch episode 150 with Andrei Greenawalt….  Alain

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 149 - Matt Daus

F. Fishkin, Mar. 26, “The Smart Driving Cars podcast with automated driving strategy consultant Richard Bishop joining Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Is automated trucking dead? Also…Covid-19 puts Waymo in park, the latest on Tesla and more. listen and subscribe!” … Alain

Smart Driving Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 149 - Matt Daus Video version… Watch episode 149 with Matt Daus…. Alain

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 148 - Richard Bishop

F. Fishkin, Mar. 26, “The Smart Driving Cars podcast with automated driving strategy consultant Richard Bishop joining Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Is automated trucking dead? Also…Covid-19 puts Waymo in park, the latest on Tesla and more. listen and subscribe!” …  Alain

Smart Driving Cars Zoom-Cast Episode 148 - Richard Bishop Video version… Watch our first attempt…. Alain

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 147 - Michael Sena

F. Fishkin, Mar. 14, “From Sweden…The Dispatcher editor Michael Sena joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin as Covid-19 takes a toll on Waymo, Uber and more. Plus Saving the Car Industries in the U.S. and the EU… the latest from Future Networked Car 2020 in Geneva and more.” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 145 - L. Walker

F. Fishkin, Mar. 5, “Tackling the issues of children in autonomous vehicles, Lorrie Walker of Safe Kids Worldwide joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus the latest from Waymo, Tesla, GM, Uber, Lyft and more.” … Alain Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 142 - J. Hughes

F. Fishkin, Feb 15, “What shifting populations mean for the future of mobility and transportation. Leading expert Jim Hughes of Rutgers University joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus the latest on Tesla, GM, Comma AI’s inexpensive autopilot, Aptiv, Lyft and more. Tune in and subscribe! “

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 141- A. Roy

F. Fishkin, Feb 7, “The latest glossary of BS in mobility, self driving and autonomy from author, podcaster and cannonball driver Alex Roy on Smart Driving Cars with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus the news from Tesla, Nuro, Waymo, GM and more! “ Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 140 - C. Mericli

F. Fishkin, Jan 31, “How self driving tech can increase profits in the trucking industry. Locomation’s CEO joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Waymo’s partnership with UPS, Tesla’s rocket ride, Hyundai’s Smart Park Super Bowl ad and more.  “ Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 139- Randal O’Toole

F. Fishkin, Jan 25, “Adaptive cruise control and self driving tech may lead to more urban sprawl. But the Cato Institute’s Randal O’Toole says maybe that isn’t a bad thing. He joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus Subaru’s tech, GM’s Cruise, Tesla and more on the Smart Driving Cars podcast. This edition is sponsored by the SmartETFs Smart Transportation and Technology ETF, symbol MOTO. For more information…head to www.motoetf.com   “

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 138-Nick Zart

F. Fishkin, Jan 18, “The new mobility on the ground and in the air. Nicolas Zart joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co host Fred Fishkin for a discussion on Urban Air Mobility…plus..Qualcomm, NVIDIA, Mobileye, Waymo and more in this edition of the Smart Driving Cars podcast.” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 136

F. Fishkin, Jan 6, “He’s back! Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser…still on the mend …but opinionated as ever…joins co-host Fred Fishkin for a look at the latest from Waymo, Tesla and more in Episode 136 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. “ Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 135 - with Jim Atkinson

F. Fishkin, Dec 5, “In this special edition… the launch of a new exchange traded fund focused on smart transportation and technology.   Guinness Atkinson Asset Management CEO Jim Atkinson joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that plus..a push by the Coalition for Future Mobility for action in Washington, AutoX wants driverless testing in California and Aptiv grows in Pittsburgh. “

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 130 with Dick Mudge & Michael Sena

F. Fishkin, Nov. 1, “An updated outlook for automated vehicles…Tesla, Waymo , Ford, VW and more. Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin are joined by guests Michael Sena and Dick Mudge in the latest edition of Smart Driving Cars!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 126 - Sturges & Caudill F. Fishkin, Sept 19 , “From the public library in Princeton, NJ… a special edition of the Smart Driving Cars podcast following a public forum conducted by Princeton Future on the potential for transit on demand for all. Join Princeton professor Alain Kornhauser, co-host Fred Fishkin and special guests for that…plus…the latest on Waymo, Tesla, Hyundai, Aptiv and more. “ Pictures from the Princeton Future Public Forum on Driverless  Mobility for All.

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 121 - Ken Pyle F. Fishkin, Aug 22 , “Daimler and Bosch hold a community meeting in San Jose as they ready plans for autonomous vehicle testing. Community board member Ken Pyle joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. Plus…Waymo, Tesla and more.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 116 - Jerome Lutin F. Fishkin, July 20, “Can technology dramatically improve the safety of bus transportation for pedestrians, riders and drivers? The lead investigator in a national study, Jerry Lutin,  joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin on episode 116 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast. Plus…Tesla’s new safety report, the latest from Lyft, Aptiv and a NY Times report on why driverless cars are taking longer than expected. Tune in and subscribe!.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 112 - J. Hardiman NJM F. Fishkin, June 9, “Should the insurance industry be pushing more safety and autonomous tech in cars? It’s a win, win says Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser. Joining him in the discussion along with co-host Fred Fishkin is NJM’s John Hardiman, a board member of the Insurance Institute for Highway Safety. Also…Fiat Chrysler, Ford and more.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 110 - Lance Elliot F. Fishkin, May 25, “ The untold secrets of driverless car videos. Dr. Lance Eliot joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a liveley discussion. Plus…Waymo brings back self driving trucks, so will Daimler and is the future driverless for Uber and Lyft. Tune in and subscribe!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 108 3rd Summit Wrapup

###

F. Fishkin, May 18, “Wrapping up the 3rd annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit, Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin zero in on mobility for all and more. It’s just getting started. Plus the headlines from Nissan, Tesla, Uber and Lyft. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 107 3rd Summit Leilei Shinohara & Staff Sergeant Terence McDonnell

F. Fishkin, May 18, “In this special edition from the 3rd Annual Princeton Smart Driving Cars Summit, Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin are joined by RoboSense VP Leilei Shinohara on the LiDAR’s benefits. And view of autonomous technology from law enforcement with New York State Police

                          Staff Sergeant Terence McDonnell." [Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 106 3rd Summit David Kidd & Cecillia Feeley](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-106)

F. Fishkin, May 18, “From the 3rd Annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit, David Kidd from the Highway Loss Data Institute joins Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin and then on site preliminary research results on mobility for all with Cecilia Feeley and Andrea Lubin from Rutgers.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 104 3rd Summit Anil Lewis & Katherine Freund

F. Fishkin, May 18,, “From the 3rd Annual Princeton Smart Driving Car Summit, join Professor Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin. In this special edition, the summit’s focus on mobility for all with guests Anil Lewis, Executive Director of Blindness Initiatives at the National Federation of the Blind and ITN America Founder Katherine Freund.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 100 - Andrei Greenawalt’99/Via

April 5, F. Fishkin, “The success of on demand transit company Via is proving that ride sharing systems can work. Public Policy head Andrei Greenawalt joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for a wide ranging discussion. Also: Uber, Tesla, Audi, Apple and Nuro are making headlines”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 97 - Michael Sena’69

March 28, F. Fishkin, “The Future Networked Car? From Sweden, The Dispatcher publisher, Michael Sena, joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for the latest edition of Smart Driving Cars. Plus …the Boeing story has much to do with autonomous vehicles and more. Tune in and subscribe.”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 81 -nVIDIA, Shapiro & Local  Motors / Olli, Hodge

F. Fishkin,  Jan. 9,  “How NVIDIA is paving the way for self driving cars and a new OLLI automated transport from Local Motors. NVIDIA’s Senior Director for Automotive, Danny Shapiro and Kurtis Hodge of Local Motors join co-hosts Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and Fred Fishkin for another edition of Smart Driving Cars from CES 2019..”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 71-Nader’55 F. Fishkin,  Dec. 13,  “When it comes to self driving cars, Ralph Nader says “Not so fast.”  The renowned political activist and author takes the government and the industry to task in a super sized Episode 71 of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast. Join Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for that and more!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 69 - Chunka Mui F. Fishkin, Nov 29,  “What will it take for driverless vehicles to become a leading form of transportation? Futurist and author Chunka Mui joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for Episode 69 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. Plus…Waymo, GM, Amazon and more. Tune in and subscribe! “

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 68 - Dick Mudge F. Fishkin, Nov 22,  “The insurance industry hears about the outlook for automated vehicles. Co-author Dick Mudge joins Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin for Episode 68 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast. Plus…Uber, GM Cruise, Waymo, VW and more. Tune in and subscribe!” Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 65 - Bernard Soriano, CA DMV F. Fishkin, Nov 1,  “California gives Waymo the green light for fully driverless vehicle testing on public roads and the state’s deputy director of the Department of Motor Vehicles, Bernard Soriano, joins the Smart Driving Cars podcast with the no nonsense details. Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and co-host Fred Fishkin explore that and more. Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 58-Keith Code,Motorcycles

F. Fishkin, Sept 22  “In this edition of the Smart Driving Cars Podcast, Alain Kornhauser of Princeton University and co-host Fred Fishkin are joined by the founder of the Superbike School, Keith Code. Keith is an instructor, coach, author and researcher into motorcycle safety…and a champion racer. Beyond that….he’s an old high school friend of Alain’s! And there’s more on BMW, Apple, VW and more! . Tune in and subscribe!”

Smart Driving Cars Podcast Episode 55-Larry Burns, Autonomy

F. Fishkin, Sept 6,  “The coming new world of driverless cars! In Episode 55 of the Smart Driving Cars podcast former GM VP and adviser to Waymo Larry Burns chats with Princeton’s Alain Kornhauser and Fred Fishkin about his new book “Autonomy: The Quest to Build the Driverless Car and How it Will Reshape Our World”

Recent Highlights of:

                                                      [Luminaries Battle In Lincoln-Douglas Style Debate About The Future Of Self-Driving Cars](https://www.forbes.com/sites/lanceeliot/2020/04/28/luminaries-battle-in-lincoln-douglas-style-debate-about-the-future-of-self-driving-cars/#35c0455028b6) Lance
                                                      Eliot, April
                                                      28, "Several
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car luminaries
                                                      assembled
                                                      online via a
                                                      Zoom-casted
                                                      battleground
                                                      this week to
                                                      undertake a
                                                      Lincoln-Douglas
                                                      style debate
                                                      about the
                                                      future of the
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicle (AV)
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car industry
                                                      and the advent
                                                      of AI-driven
                                                      mobility.

                                                      Originally
                                                      scheduled for
                                                      one hour, the
                                                      dialogue and
                                                      fielding of
                                                      audience
                                                      questions
                                                      prompted the
                                                      superstars to
                                                      keep going,
                                                      tackling many
                                                      of the most
                                                      vexing and
                                                      unsolved
                                                      matters that
                                                      underlie the
                                                      potential
                                                      success of
                                                      self-driving
                                                      vehicles,
                                                      encompassing
                                                      both
                                                      autonomous
                                                      cars and
                                                      autonomous
                                                      trucks.

                                                      The lively
                                                      discussion was
                                                      civil and
                                                      polite,
                                                      fortunately so
                                                      in these times
                                                      of seemingly
                                                      stark
                                                      polarization
                                                      and guttural
                                                      attacks during
                                                      our
                                                      contemporary
                                                      public
                                                      discourse.
                                                      Yet, even in
                                                      the realm of
                                                      eloquent
                                                      argumentation,
                                                      at times the
                                                      gloves came
                                                      off and there
                                                      were some
                                                      fierce zingers
                                                      and moments of
                                                      rather
                                                      piercing
                                                      cut-the-air-with-a-knife
                                                      verbal
                                                      sparring..."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/lanceeliot/2020/04/28/luminaries-battle-in-lincoln-douglas-style-debate-about-the-future-of-self-driving-cars/#35c0455028b6) Hmmmm...  Lance, Thank you for
                                                      the kind and
                                                      thorough
                                                      synopsis of
                                                      our 1st
                                                      Zoom-inar.  We
                                                      were all
                                                      pleased by the
                                                      turnout,
                                                      interaction
                                                      and substance.
                                                         Alain

                                                      [What Negative Oil Prices Mean and How the Impact Could Last](https://www.nytimes.com/article/negative-oil-prices-facts-history.html) V.
                                                      Bajaj, April
                                                      22,"A main
                                                      benchmark for
                                                      the price of
                                                      oil fell
                                                      negative for
                                                      the first time
                                                      ever this
                                                      week. The
                                                      decline —
                                                      more than 300
                                                      percent in
                                                      daily trading
                                                      — raised fresh
                                                      questions
                                                      about the
                                                      damage the
                                                      coronavirus is
                                                      having on the
                                                      global
                                                      economy.

                                                      What does it
                                                      mean for oil
                                                      prices to be
                                                      negative?

                                                      A benchmark
                                                      price for a
                                                      barrel of oil
                                                      to be
                                                      delivered next
                                                      month fell to
                                                      -$37.63 on
                                                      Monday, which
                                                      means that
                                                      sellers would
                                                      have to pay
                                                      someone that
                                                      much to take
                                                      it off their
                                                      hands.

                                                      But that
                                                      historic
                                                      plunge was
                                                      exacerbated by
                                                      a quirk in how
                                                      the oil
                                                      markets work.

                                                      The negative
                                                      price
                                                      concerned only
                                                      contracts for
                                                      delivery of
                                                      barrels in May
                                                      that are
                                                      traded on
                                                      so-called
                                                      futures
                                                      markets. At
                                                      the same time
                                                      trading
                                                      happens for
                                                      May
                                                      deliveries,
                                                      people trade
                                                      on contracts
                                                      ending in
                                                      June, in July
                                                      and so on." [Read more](https://www.nytimes.com/article/negative-oil-prices-facts-history.html) Hmmmm... What???  I realize that
                                                      I'm often "out
                                                      of it",
                                                      but...  In all
                                                      my life I have
                                                      NEVER...
                                                      thought of,
                                                      let alone
                                                      mentioned, nor
                                                      have heard
                                                      anyone else
                                                      mention the
                                                      concept of negative
                                                      oil!
                                                      Often, talked
                                                      about $150/B
                                                      oil, $250/B,
                                                      S20/B even
                                                      $7/B oil.
                                                      NEVER $0/B
                                                      oil,
                                                      negative
                                                      Oil...
                                                      NEVER,NEVER,
                                                      NEVER!!!!  and
                                                      look where we
                                                      are.  UNBELIEVABLE!!!
                                                            Implications:...
                                                      no one's
                                                      models
                                                      extrapolate to
                                                      that regime.
                                                      (it requires
                                                      extrapolation
                                                      because no
                                                      data exists in
                                                      this
                                                      unimaginable
                                                      region.
                                                      Listen to [Pod-Cast](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-153);
                                                      Watch [Zoom-Cast](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=8nW3AcoFeA8&feature=youtu.be)
                                                      Alain

                                                      [Can Robotaxis Survive A Pandemic?](https://www.forbes.com/sites/bradtempleton/2020/04/13/can-robotaxis-survive-a-pandemic/#247ed3bd2ca6)

                                                      B. Templeton,
                                                      April, 13,
                                                      "Almost all
                                                      the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      car fleets are
                                                      out of
                                                      operation
                                                      right now. The
                                                      primary reason
                                                      is that
                                                      testing these
                                                      cars is not an
                                                      "essential
                                                      service" and
                                                      so the safety
                                                      drivers who
                                                      supervise them
                                                      are not
                                                      allowed to
                                                      come to work.
                                                      Most companies
                                                      use a team of
                                                      two people in
                                                      each car,
                                                      which would
                                                      create a
                                                      disease risk,
                                                      and to top it
                                                      off, the roads
                                                      are empty and
                                                      this
                                                      unnaturally
                                                      easy, making
                                                      testing less
                                                      valuable.

                                                      Questions
                                                      arise about
                                                      what happens
                                                      in the robocar
                                                      world if we
                                                      need to suffer
                                                      another
                                                      pandemic in
                                                      the future.
                                                      The Covid-19
                                                      crisis took
                                                      place before
                                                      the commercial
                                                      deployment of
                                                      robocars, but
                                                      that won't be
                                                      true later. I
                                                      covered some
                                                      issues in my
                                                      article on
                                                      delivery
                                                      robots, but
                                                      let's consider
                                                      what we've
                                                      learned this
                                                      year: Uber/Lyft
                                                      LYFT and Taxi
                                                      rides are way,
                                                      way down, and
                                                      not just
                                                      because all
                                                      travel is way
                                                      down
  • Transit ridership has cratered, and service has been cut

  • Delivery demand has vastly increased

  • People worry if drivers might be infectious

  • People don’t want to touch things, from seats to scooter handlebars, that others are touching

                                                        All travel is
                                                        way down, but
                                                        people are
                                                        particularly
                                                        suspicious of
                                                        travel with
                                                        other people,
                                                        be it transit,
                                                        or riding with
                                                        a driver. They
                                                        are also
                                                        concerned
                                                        about sitting
                                                        down in a
                                                        vehicle where
                                                        somebody else
                                                        just sat. With
                                                        parking
                                                        plentiful,
                                                        there are
                                                        incentives to
                                                        go back to
                                                        using your own
                                                        car even if
                                                        you previously
                                                        used something
                                                        else. Scooter
                                                        services like
                                                        Lime and Bird
                                                        have also
                                                        suffered major
                                                        declines.
    
                                                        As noted in
                                                        the delivery
                                                        article, while
                                                        delivery
                                                        robots are
                                                        always good in
                                                        a time when
                                                        there is a
                                                        massive surge
                                                        in demand for
                                                        delivery, it's
                                                        pretty easy
                                                        for a driver
                                                        in a van with
                                                        an automatic
                                                        door to never
                                                        have to touch
                                                        the packages,
                                                        just like a
                                                        delivery
                                                        robot. With
                                                        massive
                                                        unemployment,
                                                        human driven
                                                        vans are
                                                        probably the
                                                        best answer to
                                                        the delivery
                                                        demand
                                                        surge...."  [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/bradtempleton/2020/04/13/can-robotaxis-survive-a-pandemic/#247ed3bd2ca6) Hmmmm... Not a pretty picture,
                                                        but with every
                                                        challenge,
                                                        comes
                                                        opportunities...
                                                        Listen watch
                                                        more on [Pod-Cast_152](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-152)/[Zoom-Cast_152](https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=xuIbtSJjDck&feature=youtu.be).
                                                        Alain
    

Autonomous shuttles help transport COVID-19 tests at Mayo Clinic in Florida

                                                      Press
                                                      release,
                                                      April, 2, "For
                                                      the first time
                                                      in the U.S.,
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      being used to
                                                      transport
                                                      medical
                                                      supplies and
                                                      COVID-19 tests
                                                      at Mayo Clinic
                                                      in Florida.

                                                      At a time when
                                                      health care
                                                      resources and
                                                      staff are
                                                      stretched
                                                      thin, the
                                                      Jacksonville
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Authority
                                                      (JTA) has
                                                      partnered with
                                                      Beep and NAVYA
                                                      to use
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles to
                                                      safely
                                                      transport
                                                      COVID-19 tests
                                                      collected at a
                                                      drive-thru
                                                      testing
                                                      location at
                                                      Mayo Clinic in
                                                      Florida.

                                                      "This
                                                      development is
                                                      a historic
                                                      moment for the
                                                      Jacksonville
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Authority,"
                                                      says Nathaniel
                                                      P. Ford, Sr.,
                                                      CEO of
                                                      Jacksonville
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Authority.
                                                      "Along with
                                                      our partners,
                                                      Beep, NAVYA
                                                      and Mayo
                                                      Clinic, we are
                                                      leveraging our
                                                      learnings from
                                                      three years of
                                                      testing
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles
                                                      through our
                                                      Ultimate Urban
                                                      Circulator
                                                      program. Our
                                                      innovative
                                                      team saw this
                                                      as an
                                                      opportunity to
                                                      use technology
                                                      to respond to
                                                      this crisis in
                                                      Northeast
                                                      Florida and
                                                      increase the
                                                      safety of
                                                      COVID-19
                                                      testing."..."
                                                      [Read more](https://newsnetwork.mayoclinic.org/discussion/autonomous-shuttles-help-transport-covid-19-tests-at-mayo-clinic-in-jacksonville/) Hmmmm... While not mentioned in
                                                      the article,
                                                      they
                                                      are operating Driverlessly... without attendant or safety driver.  Yea!!!  (People
                                                      aren't being
                                                      moved, just
                                                      goods and the
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      is
                                                      constrained,
                                                      but it it is
                                                      driverless
                                                      none the
                                                      less!)  Listen
                                                      watch more on
                                                      [Pod-Cast_151](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-151)/[Zoom-Cast_151](https://youtu.be/YAuqHS5W53c). Alain

                                                      [Via raises Series E financing to expand access to efficient, sustainable, and equitable public mobility across the globe](https://www.dropbox.com/s/sxrlix5drog5pq6/ViaPressReleaseSeriesE_Financing..pdf?dl=0) Press
                                                      release, Mar.
                                                      30, "Via, the
                                                      company that
                                                      provides
                                                      digital
                                                      infrastructure
                                                      to power
                                                      public
                                                      mobility in
                                                      cities around
                                                      the world,
                                                      announces
                                                      today that it
                                                      has raised a
                                                      Series E
                                                      financing led
                                                      by EXOR. The
                                                      financing
                                                      values the
                                                      company at
                                                      $2.25B and
                                                      will enable
                                                      Via to advance
                                                      its vision of
                                                      efficient,
                                                      accessible,
                                                      and equitable
                                                      public
                                                      mobility.

Via’s technology powers the next generation of public transportation, helping cities move beyond a system of rigid routes and schedules to a fully dynamic network. Via’s algorithm efficiently combines, in real time, multiple passengers or packages headed in the same direction, significantly reducing urban congestion and emissions while providing a high quality and lower cost mobility service. Available in more than 70 cities in 20 countries, and growing rapidly…“  Read more Hmmmm… Ride-sharing may not be dead.  Listen to PodCast 150, watch VideoCast 150 Alain

  Society of Actuaries Research Brief Impact of COVID-19

D. Hall, Mar 25, “… The result in late March 2020 has been one where a confluence of risks has come together. Additional operational and financial risks may emerge as additional events compound on the current situation. Actuaries will be watching for any additional risk events that layer on to the current environment, especially ones that may cause additional property, mortality and health risks such as catastrophic weather events. Morbidity, mortality, asset/liability management and operational risks are all a part of the initial and evolving story. This update to the Society of Actuaries Research Brief has been constructed to highlight some of the key continuing and new features of the pandemic all around the world and contemplate the risks for the actuarial profession to consider in their work…”   Read more Hmmmm… This is one of the best reports that I have seen and will be updated  every 10 days or so.   A good summary of the materials, podcasts and other good sources are here:

https://www.soa.org/resources/newsroom/covid-19-updates/#research

https://www.soa.org/resources/research-reports/2020/impact-coronavirus/

ECDPC Daily data GitHub Covid19 data

Cases of COVID-19

Alain

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###

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###

Starsky Robotics Failed. Does That Mean Automated Trucking Is Dead?

R. Bishop, Mar 24, “I met Stefan Seltz-Axmacher for the first time in November 2015 at the Florida Automated Vehicles Summit. Not long after, we met at the Blue Danube coffee shop in Alameda, CA so he could tell me about his vision for Starsky Robotics. When he energetically described his remote-driving-for-trucks approach, I was skeptical. “Remote driving is hard,” I said. “The military has struggled with this for years. Its harder than it looks.” On the technical side, latency for secure communications is challenging. On the operational side, re-creating enough on-road reality (situational awareness) for a remote driver is difficult when going for the high levels of safety needed. Seltz-Axmacher remained bullish on the approach and at that time went on to found Starsky Robotics as one of the earliest truck AV startups, later closing a $16.5M Series A funding round in March 2018, and then hauling freight while developing both remote and automated driving ability. Initially, Starsky’s concept was all about remote driving for first/last mile. They later expanded their offering to include fully automated highway driving on limited freight corridors.

                                                      Now, Starsky
                                                      has become the
                                                      first casualty
                                                      within a
                                                      crowded truck
                                                      automation
                                                      space, and
                                                      Seltz-Axmacher
                                                      has provided
                                                      us with an
                                                      intriguing
                                                      post-mortem in
                                                      a recent
                                                      Medium post.
                                                      Most of the
                                                      media coverage
                                                      I've seen has
                                                      acted as echo
                                                      chambers for
                                                      Seltz-Axmacher's
                                                      perspective.
                                                      Here I offer a
                                                      counterpoint
                                                      based on my
                                                      longtime
                                                      involvement in
                                                      truck
                                                      automation
                                                      plus
                                                      discussions
                                                      with many
                                                      others in the
                                                      truck
                                                      Automated
                                                      Driving
                                                      Systems (ADS)
                                                      startup space,
                                                      many of them
                                                      irate at what
                                                      they see as
                                                      unfounded
                                                      assertions
                                                      made in the
                                                      original post.
                                                      My sources
                                                      tell me that
                                                      because
                                                      Seltz-Axmacher
                                                      hasn't
                                                      experienced
                                                      their
                                                      technology nor
                                                      been briefed
                                                      on their
                                                      technical/safety
                                                      approach, he
                                                      has no basis
                                                      to make
                                                      sweeping
                                                      claims about
                                                      the entire
                                                      industry...."
                                                      [Read more](https://www.forbes.com/sites/richardbishop1/2020/03/24/starsky-robotics-failed-does-that-mean-automated-trucking-is-dead/#51d50d840c84) Hmmmm... [Listen to PodCast 148](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-148).
                                                      or/and [Watch us on YouTube](https://youtu.be/VkzPm5GwEz4).
                                                      Alain

  Waymo suspends robotaxi service except for its truly driverless vehicles K. Korosec, Mar. 17, “Waymo  said Tuesday it is pausing operations of Waymo One, a service in the Phoenix area that allows the public to hail rides in self-driving vehicles with trained human safety operators behind the wheel, in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. Waymo is also halting testing on public roads in California.

                                                      However, Waymo
                                                      will keep some
                                                      operations up
                                                      and running,
                                                      notably its
                                                      truly
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles,
                                                      which don't
                                                      require a
                                                      human safety
                                                      driver,
                                                      according to
                                                      an
                                                      announcement
                                                      on its website
                                                      Tuesday. These
                                                      driverless
                                                      vehicles are
                                                      used in the
                                                      Phoenix area
                                                      as part of
                                                      Waymo's early
                                                      rider program
                                                      that lets
                                                      vetted members
                                                      of the public
                                                      hail a
                                                      ride..."   [Read more](https://techcrunch.com/2020/03/17/waymo-suspends-robotaxi-service-except-for-its-truly-driverless-vehicles/)  Yippie!!! Unfortunately, the
                                                      latest is not
                                                      so good...   [Waymo has suspended all services, including the driverless.](https://waymo.com/coronavirus)
                                                      Poopie!!!
                                                      Alain

  WAYMO DRIVERS SAY THEY’RE BEING DISCOURAGED FROM CANCELING ROBOTAXI RIDES DURING CORONAVIRUS OUTBREAK

                                                      A. Hawkins,
                                                      Mar. 13,
                                                      "Waymo,Waymo,
                                                      the
                                                      self-driving
                                                      unit of
                                                      Alphabet, says
                                                      it will keep
                                                      operating its
                                                      fleet of
                                                      roughly 600
                                                      self-driving
                                                      taxis in
                                                      Arizona during
                                                      the novel
                                                      coronavirus
                                                      outbreak. But
                                                      the safety
                                                      drivers who
                                                      monitor the
                                                      autonomous
                                                      taxis are
                                                      concerned that
                                                      they are being
                                                      put in harm's
                                                      way.

                                                      Waymo is
                                                      "strongly
                                                      encouraging"
                                                      its full-time
                                                      employees
                                                      without
                                                      "business
                                                      critical"
                                                      tasks to work
                                                      from home. Its
                                                      safety
                                                      drivers, who
                                                      are employed
                                                      by a French
                                                      transit
                                                      company called
                                                      Transdev North
                                                      America that
                                                      has a
                                                      multiyear
                                                      contract with
                                                      Waymo, are
                                                      still mostly
                                                      required to
                                                      come into
                                                      work, The
                                                      Verge has
                                                      learned.
                                                      Transdev
                                                      appears to be
                                                      following
                                                      guidelines set
                                                      by the Centers
                                                      for Disease
                                                      Control and
                                                      Prevention
                                                      (CDC) by
                                                      stepping up
                                                      the frequency
                                                      of its
                                                      cleanings and
                                                      disinfections.
                                                      But drivers
                                                      tell The Verge
                                                      that the Waymo
                                                      vendor is
                                                      ignoring
                                                      recommendations
                                                      about social
                                                      distancing.

                                                      "It feels like
                                                      the drivers
                                                      are treated
                                                      like second
                                                      class
                                                      citizens,
                                                      having to
                                                      report to work
                                                      and serve
                                                      'hails' while
                                                      the full-time
                                                      employees are
                                                      required to
                                                      work from home
                                                      to stay safe,"
                                                      said a Waymo
                                                      driver who
                                                      requested
                                                      anonymity in
                                                      order to speak
                                                      freely.
                                                      "Safety for
                                                      some."..."  [Read more](https://www.theverge.com/2020/3/13/21178375/waymo-self-driving-car-coronavirus-covid19-intel-arizona) Hmmmm... I thought that Waymo had
                                                      started
                                                      offering rides
                                                      without safety
                                                      drivers in
                                                      Chandler????
                                                      I guess, they
                                                      do it in a
                                                      "smaller"
                                                      Operational
                                                      Design Domain
                                                      (ODD) and they
                                                      are trying to
                                                      expand that
                                                      ODD by
                                                      operating with
                                                      safety drivers
                                                      for trip
                                                      originating
                                                      and or
                                                      terminating
                                                      outside that
                                                      original
                                                      "smaller"
                                                      ODD.

Anyway… I often use the elevator to try to understand autonomousTaxis… driverless mobility machines.  Will we look back to this complaint by attendants as the turning point which hasten Waymo’s operation of its vehicles without attendants on-board much as the elevator operator’s strike in NYC in September 1945 hasten the deployment of automated elevators (see Pushing the right Buttons)?   As I’ve been writing, the biggest challenge of Uber/Lyft is management of its drivers. It looks like Waymo is experiencing the same challenges with its attendants. Moreover,  a NECESSARY condition on economic viability is safely operating without a driver/attendant. We may look back and credit COVID-19 as hastening Waymo’s deployment of driverless mobility for all.  This may be COVID-19’s only positive contribution to society.    Alain

                                                      [Call to Action on Children in Autonomous Vehicles](https://www.safekids.org/kids-autonomous-vehicles/blue-ribbon-panel/call-to-action) Feb.
                                                      2020, "The
                                                      Blue Ribbon
                                                      Panel on
                                                      Children in
                                                      Autonomous
                                                      Vehicles is
                                                      calling on
                                                      developers of
                                                      autonomous
                                                      vehicles (AVs)
                                                      to ensure that
                                                      AVs are
                                                      engineered,
                                                      deployed and
                                                      marketed to
                                                      protect the
                                                      unique needs
                                                      of child
                                                      passengers.
                                                      Developers are
                                                      broadly
                                                      defined to
                                                      include
                                                      original
                                                      equipment
                                                      manufacturers,
                                                      non-original
                                                      equipment
                                                      manufacturers,
                                                      as well as
                                                      designers of
                                                      component
                                                      systems such
                                                      as LIDAR, chip
                                                      or satellite
                                                      manufacturers,
                                                      and others
                                                      building key
                                                      components of
                                                      AVs.

                                                      AVs must be
                                                      developed,
                                                      regulations
                                                      upgraded and
                                                      laws passed to
                                                      ensure
                                                      children will
                                                      be properly
                                                      restrained,
                                                      have the
                                                      highest level
                                                      of protection
                                                      in a crash,
                                                      and can be
                                                      appropriately
                                                      supervised
                                                      during a trip.
                                                      This panel
                                                      believes it is
                                                      imperative
                                                      that minor
                                                      children never
                                                      be transported
                                                      without
                                                      appropriate
                                                      supervision by
                                                      a parent,
                                                      guardian or
                                                      caregiver
                                                      until best
                                                      practices are
                                                      adopted.

                                                      We're asking
                                                      developers to
                                                      commit to the
                                                      following
                                                      actions: ...
                                                      "  [Read more](https://www.safekids.org/kids-autonomous-vehicles/blue-ribbon-panel/call-to-action) Hmmmm... Given that one of the
                                                      largest
                                                      mobility
                                                      marginalized
                                                      groups are
                                                      individuals
                                                      that are too
                                                      young to
                                                      drive,
                                                      including the
                                                      very young
                                                      that require
                                                      supervision as
                                                      well as those
                                                      that are old
                                                      enough to ride
                                                      alone, this
                                                      focus group is
                                                      very important
                                                      and very
                                                      pertinent.
                                                      Alain

                                                      [NTSB slams Tesla, Apple and regulators over a fatal Autopilot crash](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-02-25/tesla-autopilot-crash-hearing)

R. Mitchell, Feb. 25, “The nation’s top safety investigator slammed Tesla on Tuesday for failing to take adequate measures to prevent “foreseeable abuse” of its Autopilot driver-assistance technology, in a hearing into the fatal 2018 crash of a Tesla Model X SUV in Mountain View, Calif.

                                                      The National
                                                      Transportation
                                                      Safety Board
                                                      said
                                                      38-year-old
                                                      Walter Huang,
                                                      an Apple
                                                      software
                                                      engineer, had
                                                      Autopilot
                                                      engaged in his
                                                      2018 Tesla
                                                      Model X and
                                                      was playing a
                                                      video game on
                                                      his iPhone
                                                      when the car
                                                      crashed into a
                                                      defective
                                                      safety barrier
                                                      on U.S.
                                                      Highway
                                                      101.The board
                                                      also blamed
                                                      the highway
                                                      safety arm of
                                                      the U.S.
                                                      Department of
                                                      Transportation
                                                      for failing to
                                                      properly
                                                      regulate
                                                      rapidly
                                                      evolving
                                                      robot-car
                                                      technology....
                                                      The board
                                                      adopted[a long list of measures](https://t.co/mEFsCDf1dB)
                                                      meant to
                                                      reduce such
                                                      accidents as
                                                      "partially
                                                      automated
                                                      driving"
                                                      technologies
                                                      become more
                                                      popular in new
                                                      vehicles.... Sumwalt
                                                      made clear the
                                                      Mountain View
                                                      crash was not
                                                      an isolated
                                                      incident, but
                                                      illustrative
                                                      of the safety
                                                      issues
                                                      involved as
                                                      humans and
                                                      robot systems
                                                      increasingly
                                                      share the
                                                      driving, not
                                                      just in Teslas
                                                      but in
                                                      vehicles from
                                                      all
                                                      manufacturers.
                                                      "It's time to
                                                      stop enabling
                                                      drivers in any
                                                      partially
                                                      automated
                                                      vehicle to
                                                      pretend that
                                                      they have
                                                      driverless
                                                      cars," he
                                                      said.

…….  the Model X drove straight down the middle of a “gore lane,” a white-striped zone where cars aren’t supposed to go,” … It is clear from the images that the gore area was NOT white-striped as is supposed to be and the lane markings are badly worn.  Why didn’t NTSB fault the CA DoT for its poor maintenance and marking practices.  CA DoT needs to be severely reprimanded. “ … a Toyota Prius crashed into it 11 days earlier…” to what extent did NTSB investigate the Prius crash.  It didn’t have autoPilot, so that’s not the common factor.  I suspect that the confusing lane markings and the lack of striping is the root cause… “ … The car’s collision avoidance system did not detect the crash barrier.” … I suspect that this is NOT true.  The system detected the stationary object, but the coded logic disregards stationary objects (classifies them as false alarms) because false positives are too likely. NTSB made a similar error in the Joshua Brown crash where the system didn’t mis-identify the stationary trailer ahead as being background sky, but instead classified the stationary object in the lane ahead as a false positive . NTSB investigators have failed to ask the right questions in these investigations…

                                                      " ....The
                                                      car's forward
                                                      collision
                                                      warning system
                                                      did not
                                                      provide an
                                                      alert, and the
                                                      automatic
                                                      braking system
                                                      did not
                                                      activate."... Again, the system
                                                      classified
                                                      stationary
                                                      objects in the
                                                      lane ahead as
                                                      phantom
                                                      objects and
                                                      disregards
                                                      them.  Once
                                                      disregarded,
                                                      there is no
                                                      reason to
                                                      initiate a
                                                      warning or
                                                      apply
                                                      Emergency
                                                      Brakes.
                                                      Yipes!
                                                        [Read more](https://www.latimes.com/business/story/2020-02-25/tesla-autopilot-crash-hearing) Hmmmm... Hopefully this will
                                                      curtail the
                                                      misbehavior in
                                                      the use of
                                                      these
                                                      systems.  The
                                                      Self-driving
                                                      systems
                                                      require
                                                      constant
                                                      adult
                                                      supervision. I
                                                      suspect that
                                                      NHTSA will
                                                      place
                                                      extraordinarily
                                                      onerous
                                                      regulations on
                                                      personally
                                                      owned
                                                      self-driving
                                                      cars that will
                                                      effectively
                                                      ban the
                                                      ability to
                                                      sleep, play
                                                      video games,
                                                      text or
                                                      otherwise be
                                                      non-vigilant
                                                      in all
                                                      non-driverless
                                                      vehicles.
                                                      Driverless
                                                      vehicles will
                                                      be required to
                                                      be operated
                                                      and maintained
                                                      by a
                                                      responsible
                                                      fleet manager
                                                      and not have
                                                      any straight
                                                      forward way
                                                      for a human to
                                                      drive them.
                                                      Certainly no
                                                      steering wheel
                                                      or pedals.  I
                                                      expect that
                                                      they'll also
                                                      ban the use of Stupid-Summon-like systems outside of one's own personal property.  They
                                                      should.
                                                      Alain

  “Urbs,” “Burbs,” and the Immigration Locomotive

J. Hughes, Feb 2020, “Even more so than the nation, the broad fourstate, 35-county metropolitan region centered on New York City (figure 1) is becoming afflicted by a condition of demographic stagnation. While the United States has been experiencing the lowest population growth rates since the Great Depression, the region has only recently (2016–2018) slipped into absolute population decline, spawned by domestic outmigration. The major counterforce forestalling a demographic catastrophe has been positive international migration. Immigration has become the primary source of population growth—the demographic locomotive. Without it, the region would have to bear fully the economic consequences of what has become a virtual domestic population hemorrhage—a vast exodus of regional residents moving to the rest of the country. This is just one dimension of endemic demographic change that has swept the post–Great Recession world….

The second new reset is a turnaround of the pattern evidenced in the 2010–2016 period, when population growth in the “urbs” surpassed that of the “burbs.” After dominating growth early in the decade (2010–2016), the core—the urban heart of the metropolitan region encompassing New York City and three adjacent counties in New Jersey—suddenly slipped into decline post-2016, causing the region as a whole to lose population. This is the latest transformation in what has become a transmillennial demographic roller coaster ride… “   Read more Hmmmm… Most interesting Demographic Dynamic.   A must read. Alain

                                                    [NHTSA Grants Nuro Exemption Petition for Testing Low-Speed Driverless Vehicle](https://www.nhtsa.gov/press-releases/nuro-exemption-low-speed-driverless-vehicle)

2020 Hyundai Sonata stars in Super Bowl ad all about ‘Smaht Pahk’ S. Szymkowski, Jan 27, “Hyundai is going all in on Boston accents and the 2020 Sonata for its Super Bowl advertisement. As is often the trend these days, the ad made its debut on Monday less than a week before the big game, but it’s quite a clever spot….”  Read more Hmmmm…  This is as irresponsible of Hyundai as StupidSummon is for Tesla. It may even be more irresponsible because Hyundai hasn’t included the over-the-air-information system that allows them to monitor its use. Having the car do stuff without an alert and attentive driver in the driver’s seat implies liability on them (their system) if something bad happens. Plus, squeezing a car into a parking place when the people can’t get into the adjacent cars is not the smartest move unless you’ve also made the Hyundai key proof. There will be retaliation. Alain

  The Disengagement Myth Kyle Vogt, Jan 17, “In a few weeks the California DMV will release disengagements data from Cruise and other companies who test AVs on public roads. This data is really great for giving the public a sense of what’s happening on the roads. Unfortunately, it has also been used by the media and others to compare technology from different AV companies or as a proxy for commercial readiness. Since it’s the only publicly available metric, I don’t really blame them for using it. But it’s woefully inadequate for most uses beyond those of the DMV. The idea that disengagements give a meaningful signal about whether an AV is ready for commercial deployment is a myth. …“  Read more Hmmmm… Amen!   This is a MUST read.  As with everything, details matter.  It is true that figures don’t lie, but but it is easy to game systems such that figures, without the underlying details, do lie.  As Kyle points out, there are important details associated with disengagements. These need to be well understood for disengagements to be a proxy for safety and market readiness. The when, where and associated details of each disengagement is critically important if the objective is safety and market readiness.

What is also most important here is the underlying objective of the companies doing the tests and reporting the data.  As has happened in our secondary education where students are taught what is in and how to take the SATs rather than just learn. The objective is not learning , but getting 800s on the SATs so that they can get into ‘Princeton’. This is perpetuated by the ‘Princetons’ of this world that don’t look into the details of the student’s academic qualities and capabilities. In the academic world, we know these students as ‘box checkers’, gamers of the college admission process.  The gaming is continued by the ‘banks and med schools’ that use simplistic GPA (Grade Point Average, aka ‘disengagements’) cutoffs.  The ‘box checkers’ then take ‘underwater basket weaving’ courses and become grade grubbers. It is lazy and irresponsible to use simplistic measures as proxies to very complex concepts such as intelligence, creativity, compatibility, and all the other details that make a good student, a good employee, a good citizen, a good mobility system.

In our case, testing is assumed to be about safety and market readiness; however, for some, it may be about trying to “make a silk purse out of a sow’s ear” or “putting lipstick on the pig”. It is easy to game the metric ‘Disengagements’ by simply testing in easy places, under easy conditions, instead of really trying to find the corner/edge cases that you don’t know in places and conditions of the Operational Design Domain that you are actually going to serve and make a business out of all of this technology; rather than just trying to get good press, or flipping it to someone else or putting it on an academic self. The details would readily divulge the real objective of the company doing the testing.

I hope that Kyle, in his next post, will divulge what he, GM’s lawyers and GM’s board are requiring of his system for each of them to sign off and begin to operate an economically viable mobility service to the general public in some ODD.  Each will demand that it be safe.  The board will also demand that it be profitable.  What details are they requesting that will make each comfortable signing on the bottom line? Alain

###

   Hmmmm…

                                                    Reflections

A. Kornhauser, Jan 12,    Hmmmm… Self-driving cars are hot and the OEMs are responding.  I’m about to buy a new Subaru Outback and EyeSightis standard. It is no longer just AutoPilot or expensive options that car salesmen don’t sell.  Car companies, as reflected in what is in showrooms and what was promoted at CES, have realized the comfort and convenience of Self-driving technology (cars that have a lot of the Safe-driving car features but also enable you to take your feet off the pedals and hands off the wheel at least for short periods of time. These technologies are really becoming the ‘chrome and fins’ that sell cars to individuals in the 2020s.  The momentum is all behind that happening and there is little Washington or Trenton or Princeton Council can do about it. Hopefully part of that momentum will be to make these systems actually work well, especially the Automated Emergency Braking Systems (MUST quit assuming that all stationary objects in the lane ahead can be passed under and consequently each is disregarded.  As Tesla is finding out, sometimes those objects are parked firetrucks.) and begin to put hard limits on over-speeding, tailgating and use while driver is impaired. Self-driving cars are unfortunately going to lead to substantial urban sprawl, increased VMT, increased congestion and do nothing to help the energy and pollution challenges of our addiction to the personal automobile.  Only ‘Waymo-style Driverless’ (autonomousTaxis, (aTaxis)) tuned to entice ride-sharing can potentially stem the tide of ever more personal car ownership and ever expanding urban sprawl.  Alain

                                                  January 6, 2020

                                                Back

A. Kornhauser, Jan. 6,    Hmmmm… I’m in rehab and hope to go home on Wednesday morning. Thank you to so many of you for all the good wishes and prayers.  They each helped.  I’m looking to making a full recovery.  Remember, if you don’t feel well, get evaluated by a doctor.  I was totally clueless about what hit me from out of nowhere.  Alain

                                              November 30, 2019   [Chandler unveils drop-off, pick-up zone for self-driving cars](https://ktar.com/story/2852028/chandler-unveils-drop-off-pick-up-zone-for-self-driving-cars/) G. Zetino,
                                      Nov. 25, ""It's about to get
                                      easier for self-driving cars
                                      to drop off and pick up
                                      passengers in Chandler.   The
                                      city of Chandler, in
                                      partnership with Waymo, on
                                      Friday unveiled the nation's
                                      first drop-off and pick-up
                                      zone for autonomous
                                      ride-hailing cars.

Read more  Hmmmm…   The iconic image:

autonomousTaxi (aTaxi) stop facilitating true ride-sharing to any destination within the autonomous transit system’s Operational Design Domain.  The first of what may well become a half million or so others.  Each strategically located to be less that a 5 minute walk from essentially any of the billion or so person trip ends that are made on any typical day in the USA (outside of Manhattan (whose subway stations provide the comparable accessibility).  Twenty million or so aTaxi vehicles could readily provide on-demand, share-ride mobility from these ~0.5M  aTaxi stops.  Provided would be essentially the same 24/7 on-demand level-of-service as we do for ourselves with our own conventional automobiles; however, this mobility would be affordably achieved using half the energy, creating half the pollution, eliminating essentially all the congestion, doubling conventional transit ridership and making such improved mobility available to those who today can’t or wish not to drive a conventional automobile.  This is a MAJOR 1st.  Alain

                                              November 23, 2019   [Self-driving car capital? One senator thinks it can be Florida](https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/article237625484.html) R. Wile, Nov 22,
                                      "Sen. Jeff Brandes (R-St.
                                      Petersburg) had just finished
                                      serving in the Army, and was
                                      looking to make a name for
                                      himself in Tallahassee as a
                                      junior representative. He came
                                      across a talk given by the
                                      founder of Google's driverless
                                      car project.

                                      He quickly realized the
                                      potential of self-driving cars
                                      to transform many aspects of
                                      daily life. Ever since, he has
                                      made it his mission to turn
                                      Florida into what he calls "an
                                      angel investor" in automation
                                      policy. "We want to have
                                      policies in place for this
                                      technology to flourish,"
                                      Brandes said in an interview
                                      at the 7th Annual Florida
                                      Automated Vehicles conference
                                      in Miami, which concluded
                                      Friday.

Brandes has drawn headlines in the tech community for filing legislation allowing virtually any automated vehicle on Florida’s roads; this summer, he helped make Florida one of the first states to make AVs without a human back-up safety driver street legal.

                                      Among the state's advantages
                                      Brandes points to that he
                                      believes makes it ideal for AV
                                      companies: no snow, which
                                      makes lane markings more
                                      visible. That also means less
                                      road construction in
                                      general...."  [Read more](https://www.miamiherald.com/news/business/article237625484.html)  Hmmmm...
                                            Congratulations Jeff!!!
                                            It was a great AV Summit
                                            and congratulations on
                                            creating such a
                                            Welcoming environment
                                            and intelligently
                                            shaping the birth of
                                            this technology.  What
                                            you've done is enable
                                            Florida to begin to
                                            enhance mobility and the
                                            quality of life for all
                                            in Florida  and
                                            especially those who can
                                            most benefit from these
                                            mobility machines.  It
                                            was most impressive to
                                            witness the enthusiasm
                                            for nurturing the many
                                            aspects of this
                                            technology from
                                            Florida's Governor,
                                            Miami's Mayor, Fl DoT's
                                            Commissioner, the heads
                                            of the toll road
                                            authorities, planning
                                            agencies and educational
                                            institutions.  Most
                                            impressive was Ford's
                                            comment that their
                                            autonomousTaxi efforts
                                            are focused on
                                            developing driverless
                                            technology and
                                            intend to operate it to
                                            deliver
                                            Mobility-as-a-Service in
                                            Florida, rather than
                                            sell the technology to
                                            individual consumers.  I
                                            applaud that approach
                                            and hope that Ford will
                                            look to also bringing
                                            some of those vehicles
                                            to New Jersey so that we
                                            can begin to reap the
                                            benefits of this
                                            technology.  What you've
                                            accomplished in Florida
                                            is THE "best practice"
                                            for us to emulate in New
                                            Jersey.
                                            Congratulations.   Alain
                                              November 16, 2019

PyTorch at Tesla

                                            November 1, 2019

An Update on the Outlook for Automated Vehicle Systems

                                        October 18, 2019

                                  [Waymo to customers: "Completely driverless Waymo cars are on the way"](https://techcrunch.com/2019/10/09/waymo-to-customers-completely-driverless-waymo-cars-are-on-the-way/)

  Your Tesla Can Now Pick You Up R. Mitchell, Oct. 4, “ Smart Summon is for parking lot use. But drivers have other ideas.

Tesla unleashed the latest twist in driverless car technology last week, raising more questions about whether autonomous vehicles are outracing public officials and safety regulators.

…Using a smartphone, a person can now command a Tesla to turn itself on, back out of a parking space and drive to the smartphone holder’s location - say at a curb in front of a Costco store..”  Read more  Hmmmm…. Russ, great article. A must read!

Elon, please stop.  StupidSummon was a bad Valley-entitled idea before you released it.  Now that it is out there it will ruin all that is good about Tesla, AutoPilot and Driverless cars.  The shorters are going to have a field day.

While you are at it also remove all of the DistractTainment add ons or limit their use when AutoPilot is NOT on and drivers are engaged in driving.  Just go back to V09!  Along the way also get the Automated Emergency Braking (AEB) system to work properly (See NTSBbelow).  To do that, maybe you should take a serious look at Velodyne’s   new Tesla LiDAR.  It may be able to tell you if the stationary object in the lane ahead is high enough above the road surface before your AEB system decides to disregard it. Then Tesla’s may stop decapitating drivers.

If you don’t remove StupidSummon then at least be sure to limit its use to the Tesla owner’s own private property by responsible users. (You know the GPS coordinates of where each owner lives, so you can geofence it.  You also know each irresponsible use (You get the videos).  Irresponsible use (use in the violation of the conditions spelled out in the user’s manual) should void its future availability in that car unless proper amend are made. If not, then insurance companies should clearly state that insuring the use of this feature requires a substantial additional premium; else, you’re not covered.  Courts should view that use of this feature implies premeditated harm and demonstrates an extreme indifference to human life. Parking Lot owners should install signs forbidding the use of this feature on their property to protect themselves from being dragged into the claims process.

What is most disturbing about this feature is that its only value is to enhance the self-perceived manhood of Entitled Silicon Valley XXs and may well cause the public sector to over react and ruin to opportunity of responsible driverless mobility to substantially enhance the quality-of-life of those who can’t or choose not to drive a car, enhance the environment, subdue our energy use and reduce congestion.  Elon, shame on you September 28, 2019 Public forum will explore possibility of transit on demand in Princeton K. Knapp, Sept 22, “What would it take to make Princeton an accessible community for all, even those who cannot or choose not to own or drive a car? Princeton Future will explore the question at a public forum from 9 a.m. to noon on Sept. 28 in the community room at the Princeton Public Library.

                            Princeton Future is a non-profit
                            community group that studies issues
                            related to planning, development, and
                            affordability. Speakers will discuss the
                            capabilities of a transit-on-demand
                            system where small, driverless shuttles
                            could be summoned by a smart phone app
                            to a location within walking distance of
                            a resident's home...."  [Read more](https://planetprinceton.com/2019/09/22/public-forum-will-explore-possibility-of-transit-on-demand-in-princeton/)  Hmmmm.... Listen
                                  to a summary of the event in [Episode 126 of the SmartDrivingCars PodCasts](https://soundcloud.com/smartdrivingcar/smart-driving-cars-episode-126). See below for
                                  other info. Alain
                                    September 20, 2019   [Waymo's robotaxi pilot surpassed 6,200 riders in its first month in California](https://techcrunch.com/2019/09/16/waymos-robotaxi-pilot-surpassed-6200-riders-in-its-first-month-in-california/)

                                    August 17, 2019

Autonomous Vehicles:  A View from Seniors

                                  March 29, 2019

Automated vehicles could provide mobility to the ‘mobility disadvantaged’ March 1, 2019

  FORM S-1 REGISTRATION STATEMENT Lyft, Inc. Autonomous Vehicles Feb 25, “ This workshop brought together experts in cyber-physical systems, machine learning, transportation engineering, and applied mathematics, both from academia and from industry, to help bridge the technical gaps and to facilitate exchange and collaboration across disciplinary boundaries…“  Read more  Hmmmm…. Slides and videos of the presentations are available here. In particular, see..:

  • Andrea Censi: “Liability, Ethics, and Culture-Aware Behavior Specification using Rulebooks”  Abstract, Slides, video (via click on  Schedule 11:30 Monday;

  • Adam Oberman:”Generalization and adversarial robustness of Regularized Deep Neural Networks “ Abstract, Slides, video (via click on Schedule 11:30 Tuesday);

  • Alain Kornhauser: “Market Forces and Market Potential for SmartDrivingCars (aka Autonomous Vehicles) “  Slides,video, (via click on  Schedule 11:15 Tuesday);

  • Hani Mahmassani: “Shared Autonomous Fleet Services and Multimodal Urban Mobility: Optimization, Prediction and Dynamic Network Modeling “  Abstract, video, (via click on  Schedule 4:00 Thursday);

  Market Framework and Outlook for Automated Vehicle Systems

New Jersey Pending Legislation re: Autonomous Vehicles

Oct 16, Establishes fully autonomous vehicle pilot program A4573 Sponsors:  Zwicker (D16); Benson (D14)

Oct 16, EstablishesNew Jersey Advanced Autonomous Vehicle Task Force AJR164 Sponsors:  Benson (D14); Zwicker (D16); Lampitt (D6)

                        Oct 16, [Directs MVC to establish driver's license endorsement for autonomous vehicles A4541](https://www.njleg.state.nj.us/2018/Bills/A5000/4541_I1.PDF)
                        Sponsors:  Zwicker (D16); Benson (D14);
                        Lampitt (D6)..."   [Read more](https://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NVIDIA-Self-Driving-Safety-Report-2018.pdf) Hmmmm....
                                            Things are beginning to
                                            move in New Jersey.
                                            Alain

Testimony of Alain Kornhauser, Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

Audio Recording of Assembly Science, Innovation and Technology - Monday, October 22, 2018 - 10:00:00 AM

                                June 12,  2018  [CPUC AUTHORIZES PASSENGER CARRIERS TO PROVIDE FREE TEST RIDES IN AUTONOMOUS VEHICLES WITH VALID CPUC AND DMV PERMITS](http://docs.cpuc.ca.gov/PublishedDocs/Published/G000/M215/K467/215467801.PDF)

                                3,  2018

  Waymo’s fleet of self-driving minivans is about to get 100 times bigger

                              May 25,  2018 [PRELIMINARY REPORT: HIGHWAY: HWY18MH010 (Uber/Herzberg Crash)](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf)

May 24, “About 9:58 p.m., on Sunday, March 18, 2018, an Uber Technologies, Inc. test vehicle, based on a modified 2017 Volvo XC90 and operating with a self-driving system in computer control mode, struck a pedestrian on northbound Mill Avenue, in Tempe, Maricopa County, Arizona.

…The vehicle was factory equipped with several advanced driver assistance functions by Volvo Cars, the original manufacturer. The systems included a collision avoidance function with automatic emergency

                            braking, known as City Safety, as well
                            as functions for detecting driver
                            alertness and road sign information. All
                            these Volvo functions are disabled when
                            the test vehicle is operated in computer
                            control..."[Read more](http://orfe.princeton.edu/%7Ealaink/SmartDrivingCars/PDFs/NTSBuberPreliminaryMay2018.pdf)  Hmmmm....
                                    Uber must believe that its
                                    systems are better at avoiding
                                    Collisions and Automated
                                    Emergency Braking than Volvo's.
                                    At least this gets Volvo "off
                                    the hook".

“…According to data obtained from the self-driving system, the system first registered radar and LIDAR observations of the pedestrian about 6 seconds before impact, when the vehicle was traveling at 43 mph…” (= 63 feet/second)  So the system started “seeing an obstacle when it was 63 x 6 = 378 feet away… more than a football field, including end zones!

“…As the vehicle and pedestrian paths converged, the self-driving system software classified the pedestrian as an unknown object, as a vehicle, and then as a bicycle with varying expectations of future travel path…” (NTSB: Please tell us precisely when it classified this “object’ as a vehicle and be explicit about the expected “future travel paths.”  Forget the path, please just tell us the precise velocity vector that Uber’s system attached to the “object”, then the “vehicle”. Why didn’t the the Uber system instruct the Volvo to begin to slow down (or speed up) to avoid a collision?  If these paths (or velocity vectors) were not accurate, then why weren’t they accurate?  Why was the object classified as a “Vehicle” ?? When did it finally classify the object as a “bicycle”?  Why did it change classifications?  How often was the classification of this object done.  Please divulge the time and the outcome of each classification of this object.  In the tests that Uber has done, how often has the system mis-classified an object as a “pedestrian”when the object was actually an overpass, or an overhead sign or overhead branches/leaves that the car could safely pass under, or was nothing at all?? (Basically, what are the false alarm characteristics of Uber’s Self-driving sensor/software system as a function of vehicle speed and time-of-day?)

“…At 1.3 seconds before impact, (impact speed was 39mph = 57.2 ft/sec) the self-driving system determined that an emergency braking maneuver was needed to mitigate a collision” (1.3 x 57.2 = 74.4 ft. which is about equal to the braking distance. So it still could have stopped short.

“…According to Uber, emergency braking maneuvers are not enabled while the vehicle is under computer control, to reduce (eradicate??) the potential for erratic vehicle behavior. …” NTSB:  Please describe/define potential and erratic vehicle behavior   Also please uncover and divulge the design & decision process that Uber went through to decide that this risk (disabling the AEB) was worth the reward of eradicating “ “erratic vehicle behavior”.  This is fundamentally BAD design. If the Uber system’s false alarm rate is so large that the best way to deal with false alarms is to turn off the AEB, then the system should never have been permitted on public roadways.

“…The vehicle operator is relied on to intervene and take action. “ Wow!  If Uber’s system fundamentally relies on a human to intervene, then Uber is nowhere near creating a Driverless vehicle. Without its own Driverless vehicle Uber is past “Peak valuation”.

“…The system is not designed to alert the operator. “ That may be the only good part of Uber’s design.  In a Driverless vehicle, there is no one to warn, so don’t waste your time.  If it is important enough to warn, then it is important enough for the automated system to start initiating things to do something about it. Plus, the Driver may not know what to do anyway. This is pretty much as I stated in PodCast 30 and the 24 edition of SmartDrivingCar, See below. Experts say video of Uber’s self-driving car killing a pedestrian suggests its technology may have fail

  Don’t Worry, Driverless Cars Are Learning From Grand Theft Auto

Extracting Cognition out of Images for the Purpose of Autonomous Driving

announce historic commitment of 20 automakers to make automatic emergency braking standard on new vehicles

Adam Jonas’ View on Autonomous Cars Video similar to part of Adam’s Luncheon talk @ 2015 Florida Automated Vehicle Symposium on Dec 1.  Hmmm … Watch Video especially at the 13:12 mark.  Compelling; especially after the 60 Minutes segment above!  Also see his TipRanks. Alain